How copper sulfate affects iron. Which vitriol is better: copper or iron? Video instructions for the use of iron sulfate for roses

In autumn, gardeners begin to prepare their summer cottages and household plots for winter. For pre-winter processing of trees and shrubs, as well as soil in vegetable gardens, long-known inorganic substances- iron and blue vitriol. How do these preparations attract experienced growers? Will it have a beneficial or harmful effect in horticulture or viticulture? How safe is their use for human health? Many beginner gardeners are looking for answers to these and other questions. We will try to help them with our advice and recommendations.

Preparing plants and soil for wintering

After the entire crop has been harvested in the gardens, and the vegetables from the beds have migrated to the cellars and basements for storage, it is time to prepare the plants and soil for the winter period. At this time, gardeners have to perform a variety of work:

Collect fallen leaves, burn it if there are trees and shrubs infected with a fungus or other diseases.
In the gardens, dig up the beds, at the same time determine whether there are larvae or adult pests in the soil.
Carry out the treatment of diseased plantings or the prevention of healthy ones, using for this various means from diseases. We must also not forget about pests that have chosen wintering places in your garden or in garden soil.

There are many organic and chemical agents that can effectively destroy traces of fungal and other diseases, and prevent infection of healthy trees and shrubs. Let's take a closer look at how ordinary iron and copper sulfates help with this.

The use of iron sulphate

Ferrous sulfate, or, in everyday life, ferrous sulfate, is a fine-crystalline powder of blue or green color, according to its properties it is defined as a low-toxic, non-volatile and instant preparation. Without harm to humans and the environment, it can be used in horticulture and viticulture:

inkstone

for the treatment and prevention of fungal diseases;
increase in iron content in plants (with chlorosis);
to protect plantings from diseases such as septoria, black spot;
disinfection of damage on tree trunks.

Attention! Iron vitriol is not intended to control insects and rodents, and does not stimulate plant growth.

Method of application and dosage of ferrous sulfate

To treat the plant and the soil around it, the powder is dissolved in water in different dosages:

3% solution is used for spraying shrubs and young trees;
5% solution is intended for processing mature trees;
6% solution will help get rid of lichen and moss on the bark.

Advice. To prevent the product from getting into unwanted places, for example, on the gardener himself, the solution should be sprayed in quiet, calm weather.

A strong solution (6 to 8 percent) can be used to disinfect walls ( wooden partitions) winter storages, cellars and basements, a 10% solution is also used for disinfection outdoor toilets and eliminate bad odors.

It is necessary to follow basic safety rules, use eye protection goggles, a respirator and special clothing.

Tree processing

When digging the garden in autumn, it is recommended to apply powder crystals directly into the soil, this will serve good fertilizer and the guarantee of a future abundant and healthy harvest. For one square meter only one soil is required Matchbox, or 10-20 grams of powder.

The use of copper sulfate in horticulture and its differences from ferrous sulfate

Copper sulfate - powdered substance of crystals blue color, according to its properties is a moderately toxic, rapidly soluble substance, non-volatile with a barely perceptible specific odor.

Along with iron vitriol, it is successfully used in the care of fruit trees, shrubs and vine shoots. It has properties similar to ferrous sulfate and performs similar functions.

blue vitriol

There are some functional differences between iron and copper sulfate:

For whitewashing, that is, protecting the root section of a tree trunk, ferrous sulfate cannot be added to lime, this function is performed by copper sulphate.
Copper sulfate is also involved in pest control, not iron.
In the form of top dressing, you can use both types of funds, but first you need to determine the amount of each substance in the soil, that is, if there is not enough copper, copper sulfate is added, respectively, if there is a lack of iron, iron.

Attention! Chemical substances negatively affect our environment, when using them, it is necessary to follow the rules specified in the Instructions for Use and follow them clearly. Do not forget to read the recommendations if you are dealing with chemicals for the first time.

The use of vitriol in vineyards in autumn

Solutions of copper and iron sulfate are successfully used in vineyards and in private horticultural vineyards. Their use in the fall contributes to:

the destruction of many diseases that struck the vine during the summer;
death of pests wintering on leaves, branches and basal areas;
enhancing the viability of the plant winter period due to the supply of necessary microorganisms.

Spraying should be carried out after harvesting and abundant leaf fall, in the vineyards at the same time, young shoots unsuitable for wintering are pruned.

Prepared solution

For processing, a 10% solution of sulfates is used, that is, 0.1 kg of powder is used per 10 liters of liquid. Immediately before processing, the concentration of the resulting mixture is checked by lowering an iron object (nail, wire) into it, it should not change its color. If the object has changed (red or brown hue), then the concentration must be reduced by adding more water.

Advice. Try to process the grape bushes before wintering, in the spring it will be much more difficult to get rid of diseases and pests, since with the advent of spring the juice begins to move in the plants, and with it the detrimental effect of the disease lurking in the fall spreads, which can lead to the death of the entire plant.

Let's not deceive ourselves, any chemical agent not only beneficial, but can harm our health. Try to follow all the recommendations of the manufacturers specified in the instructions, do not use expired and questionable substances. By following all the tips and observing the precautionary rules, you will protect yourself, your loved ones and environment from possible harm. Stay healthy and have a great harvest!

Inexpensive, affordable remedy With a wide range actions - this is how the owners characterize iron sulfate. The use of ferrous sulfate in horticulture is not only protection against pests: the solution is suitable for disinfecting cellars, cesspools, and mold control.

Many summer residents use ferrous sulfate solutions of various concentrations for autumn and spring processing fruit trees. A good effect is the use of iron sulfate as a fertilizer. A lot of useful information for summer residents - in this article.

Release form

Inkstone - chemical compound, greenish-blue powder. The concentration of the active substance is 53%.

Ferrous sulfate II is actively used by gardeners to care for fruit crops, preventive measures, destruction harmful insects. For processing different surfaces the owners prepare a solution of a certain concentration. It is impossible to break the fortress of the composition: possible leaf burn, damage to the bark, at a low concentration, the effect of the procedure weakens.

You can buy iron sulfate in different packaging:

packages of 200 g - price from 10 to 15 rubles;
kraft bags 25, 40 and 50 kg - price from 21 to 37 rubles per kg;
for large farms, the price of a ton of ferrous sulfate is from 3,600 to 5,500 rubles.

Benefit and action

Ferrous sulfate - universal remedy. Unlike the more toxic one, the bluish-green crystalline substance is suitable not only for protecting the garden from pests and diseases, but also for other operations.

Summer residents use a solution of ferrous sulfate in the following cases:

for whitewashing fruit tree trunks in spring/autumn;
for the destruction of harmful insects, with a preventive purpose;
for treatment dangerous disease- spotted roses;
as remedy with the appearance of hollows and wounds on the bark of trees;
as a valuable fertilizer;
how to destroy house fungus;
for disinfection of walls of vegetable stores, cellars;
to protect grapes from diseases and pests;
to eliminate unpleasant odors from country toilets, cesspools;
against scab, mosses, lichens on horticultural crops.

Concentration

How to breed iron sulfate? A positive processing result will be only if the strength of the solution is strictly observed:

treatment of chlorosis - concentration 0.05%;
fight against oidium, mildew - 4 or 5%;
autumn processing of grapes - from 3 to 5%;
fight against lichens, mosses - concentration 3%;
spring treatment of plants after removal protective coating– from 0.5 to 1%;
as a microfertilizer for grapes - from 0.1 to 0.2%, for foliar top dressing potatoes, all types of cabbage, tomatoes, the concentration is higher - from 0.5 to 1%;
treatment of wounds, disinfection of hollows, whitewashing of trunks - 10%;
fertilizer for digging along with compost - a concentration of 10% (for 10 kg of organic matter, take 100 g of ferrous sulfate);
treatment of raspberry bushes, currants - the concentration of the solution is 2.5%;
during the growing season, the solution is not stronger than 1%, after dropping the leaves - 5%;
prevention of scab, black cancer, septoria - a strong remedy, the concentration of the solution is 5%;
destruction of house fungus - 15%, for whitewashing the walls of cellars, storages with grain, a 6% solution is needed;
fight with black spot on roses - a rather weak solution, the concentration is 0.3%.

On a note! In the spring, spraying is carried out in mid-April, when the air and soil warmed up, the pests woke up and had time to lay their eggs. Autumn processing starts after the leaves are shed. Interseasonal spraying is the prevention of the penetration of dangerous pests.

Advantages

Ferrous sulfate in the form of a crystalline powder has many advantages:

a wide range of activities;
protection of many garden horticultural crops, vine from diseases and pests;
the benefits of spring / autumn processing of the garden, greenhouses, gardens;
active fungicidal properties: destruction of the fungus on the walls of basements, granaries;
ease of preparation of the working solution: iron sulfate II must be dissolved in water, and the composition is ready for use;
long shelf life of crystals without loss useful properties;
iron is in the composition of sulfate in a form that is easily accessible to fruit trees, vegetables, shrubs;
with the right concentration of the solution - a rather delicate effect on plants;
working solution is suitable for spraying vegetable, fruit, berry crops;
good disinfectant country toilet, cesspool;
iron sulfate is actively used for fertilizing various crops;
manufacturers offer different weights of packages and bags with ferrous sulfate for summer residents and large farms;
the cost of iron sulfate is quite acceptable compared to some types protective equipment and fertilizers.

Flaws

Like any gardening agent, ferrous sulfate II has disadvantages:

for different types plants, disinfection, pest control, as a microfertilizer, for processing in autumn and spring, its own concentration of the working solution is required. Incorrect dosage of green-blue crystals per liter of water worsens the result, often provokes leaf damage or does not give noticeable effect from the procedure
water easily washes away particles of the substance, you need to wait until dry, windless, cloudy weather is established;
ferrous sulfate does not destroy pests wintering in the soil or tree bark. Late application of the solution harms the future crop and the tree itself.

Application in horticulture against pests

A solution based on ferrous sulfate is an effective means of destroying dangerous insects damaging fruit and vegetable crops. With careful spraying of trees, almost half of the individuals of the apple sucker die, damaging many plants. Often, after spraying, not only adult insects die, but also larvae, eggs laid by pests.

Iron vitriol destroys:

codling moth;
leaf beetles;
sawflies.

On a note! The gardener must focus not only on the calendar, but also on the temperature of the air and soil. At early processing pests sleep on trees and soil, there are no egg-laying, time and money wasted in vain. With late spraying of pears, plums, apple trees, fruit trees may be damaged, and pests wintering in the bark will continue to winter.

Iron vitriol protects plants in the garden from many dangerous diseases:

downy and true powdery mildew;
black spot;
septoria;
scab;
gray rot;
spotted necrosis;
black cancer;
anthracnose;
clasterosporiasis.

On fruit trees and shrubs treated with iron sulfate, mosses and lichens rarely settle. When undesirable organisms appear on the trunks, a 3% concentration of ferrous sulfate solution will cleanse the plants of growths. When spraying, spray the product not only on plants, but also on the ground. Green leaves cannot be treated with an active compound: burns are possible.

iron sulphate as a fertilizer

The good availability of the active substance in the composition of ferrous sulfate explains the active use of vitriol solution for feeding many vegetable crops, fruit trees.

For foliar feeding, dissolve 5–10 g active agent in a small amount of water, bring the volume to 10 liters. This method is suitable for fertilizing tomatoes, potatoes, cabbage. A good option- combine 10 kg of compost with 100 g of vitriol crystals to fertilize plants in the garden.

Helpful Hints:

it is easy to get a fairly expensive and effective remedy from iron sulfate - iron chelate. For 10 liters of water you need 2 tbsp. l. citric acid. After the crystals are completely dissolved, add ferrous sulfate - 1 tablespoon;
it is forbidden to mix bluish-green powder with lime. When iron and calcium come into contact, compounds are formed that plants in the garden do not absorb well. Perfect option- prepare a working solution in soft water.

Mold use

Ferrous sulfate is an inexpensive, effective remedy for eliminating granaries, basements. The toxic effect is minimal, the mold leaves the treated surfaces well.

Application Features:

you will need a solution of vitriol of medium concentration: for 10 liters a little warm water take 100 g of bluish-green crystals;
for ease of application, pour a little clay into a bucket with a prepared product for a more viscous consistency;
walk along the walls of the cellar or granary with a brush, carefully process all areas;
the optimal time for mold prevention is autumn;
processing is carried out twice, after the procedure, ventilate the cellar well.

Mold control, prevention of fungal infections, spraying of plants should be carried out in protective clothing. Be sure to wear a respirator, rubber gloves, protective plastic goggles, make sure that the liquid does not get on your hands or eye area. Iron vitriol is less toxic than copper sulfate, but care must be taken. If the liquid gets into the eyes or on the skin, immediately rinse these areas with running water. In case of severe irritation, visit a dermatologist or optometrist.

Every gardener has a dream - to see his household plot beautiful and comfortable, and many manage to achieve this. Increasingly, people are abandoning potato beds in favor of manicured lawns and garden trees With berry bushes. But before those who begin to develop this direction, the question often arises - how to make your garden healthy and get rid of diseases and pests. Of course, the modern market has huge assortment drugs that can keep the plant healthy, but not all of them are safe to use. That's why experienced gardeners and gardeners prefer to use time-tested fungicides, which include iron sulfate and copper sulfate. The use of these drugs allows you to successfully fight fungal diseases and at the same time causes minimal harm to the environment and humans.

Iron vitriol, unlike copper, has the form of a fine crystalline powder. He possesses universal properties, capable of not only fighting fungal diseases, but also improving the fruiting of old fruit trees. Iron vitriol is necessary in the case of chlorosis, when plants have a lack of iron. It is used to disinfect wounds and hollows, as a component in the whitewashing of trunks to protect against diseases. A five percent solution of ferrous sulfate is used against scab and septoria, and 3% against black spot.

One common mistake is adding ferrous sulfate to the lime solution. Lime can be added to blue vitriol, but not to ferrous sulfate.

inkstone

Must be remembered! Iron vitriol is not used to kill ticks, rodents and as a growth stimulant.

Copper sulphate, unlike iron sulphate, can be used for top dressing in case of a lack of copper in the composition of the soil, but it has become more widespread as a fungicide - a means to combat fungal diseases. And to this day no more have been found. effective methods fight against various rot and fungal infections than copper sulfate and preparations containing it.

Every day spring reminds of itself more and more. Nature is starting to wake up from its winter sleep. And the gardeners are coming ...

Copper sulfate in horticulture

Copper sulfate (or copper sulfate) is a salt formed as a result of the interaction of copper with sulfuric acid, one of the most time-tested remedies, the effectiveness of which gardeners were able to evaluate many years ago and still have not been disappointed in its action.

Used as in pure, and included in various copper-containing preparations("Kupronaft", Bordeaux and Burgundy liquid, "Copper oxychloride", "Medex" and others). It looks like beautiful blue crystals that lose their color when exposed to air. Has antiseptic and astringent properties, when heated, it is capable of forming gases dangerous to humans. Due to its suppressive effect on the development of fungal foci, it is successfully used in housing construction for treating wood from mold and protecting it from decay. Copper sulfate is indispensable in horticulture for disinfecting wounds on tree trunks and for combating plant diseases.

blue vitriol

Using Copper Sulfate

Preparations based on copper sulphate are often used as an effective means to suppress various diseases plants, they process trees, berries and ornamental shrubs from moniliosis, spotting, anthracnose, various rot, scab and many similar diseases caused by the spread of pathogens of fungal infections.

For preventive purposes, it is not recommended to constantly grow plants at risk of fungal infections in the same place, so as not to expose land repeated treatment with preparations containing copper sulphate and not contribute to its accumulation in the soil. To perennials, grown for a long time in one place, it is recommended to use alternation of spraying with copper sulphate with preparations containing iron. For example, in the fall, spray plants with iron sulfate, and in spring and summer - with copper content.

Containers for mixing and storage should be either plastic or glass. When working with copper sulfate, you can not use metal containers.

We have already mentioned above, for which diseases it is necessary to use copper sulfate. The use of this contact fungicide in horticulture is widespread.

Most often, vitriol is used in early spring, while the buds are closed, or in late autumn, after leaf fall. Required concentration: for ten liters of water, one hundred grams of dissolved copper sulphate.

Treatment with copper sulphate during the growing season of plants is possible as part of Bordeaux liquid or other copper-containing fungicides. A pure solution of copper sulphate can damage the leaves, so in the summer it is not worth treating trees and shrubs with it.

The use of working solution for the suppression of fungal diseases should not exceed 2 liters per young plant(up to six years), for an older fruit-bearing tree - no more than ten liters and up to one and a half liters for a berry bush. The solution is not stored and prepared immediately before use, for this copper sulfate is dissolved in a small amount of water and only then adjusted to the recommended concentration by adding water.

Spray the plants in calm weather, in the early morning or evening, to prevent the solution from getting on bees and beneficial insects. It is recommended that the treatment be carried out at least four hours before the expected rain. It is advisable to use copper sulfate to protect against diseases during the period when the disease has not yet spread to the entire plant, as well as for preventive purposes.

The main description of the disease Black spot is provoked by the fungus Marssonina rosae, which, when in contact with plants ...

The use of copper sulfate

Apply for the following purposes:

as an antiseptic for the treatment of wounds on the trunks of fruit trees;
to disinfect the roots of seedlings (for example, roses) before planting;
for disinfection of seed material before sowing;
for processing seed potatoes before planting.
for disinfection of vegetable stores, cellars and wooden buildings in order to prevent the development of mold and the destruction of wood.
against apple scab;
from stone fruit coccomycosis;
against peach curl;
from anthracnose and septoria gooseberry and currant;
from some spots and downy mildews;
against clasterosporiasis.

Copper sulphate as a fertilizer

In regions where there is not enough copper in the soil, it is used as a fertilizer. It is especially necessary to use copper in areas of former peatlands or on some sandy soils where copper in the ground is found in insufficient quantities. It is possible, by some signs, to determine the lack of copper in the soil, since the plants growing on it have shrunken leaves, signs of chlorosis and necrotic spots appear. Foliar top dressing with a 0.01-0.02% solution of copper sulfate (1-2 grams of copper sulfate per bucket of water) can help. Spraying is best done in calm weather without wind.

Preparation of Bordeaux liquid

To prepare the composition, one hundred grams of copper sulfate, one hundred grams of lime and ten liters of water are needed. Copper sulphate is diluted in a bucket in five liters of water, lime is separately quenched in a small amount of water, water is added to five liters, filtered. Both compositions are combined with constant stirring. The resulting solution should be sky blue.

Precautionary measures

The use of copper sulfate can be considered moderately harmful to humans. Of course, it is toxic and if a large dose enters the body, it can cause poisoning. The minimum dose that is fatal to humans is 11 mg per kilogram of body weight, but this is an exceptional situation and it is impossible to get a similar amount of copper sulphate by accident by inhaling it while spraying plants.

It is better to protect the eyes and mucous membranes during treatment, and in case of accidental contact with vitriol, they should be rinsed immediately with water. It is better to spray in a respirator or mask, and after work, take a shower or at least wash your face and hands with soap and water.

Important! There are quite a few options for using copper sulfate in gardening, but to get maximum effect and maintaining the biological balance in the development of plants, it is necessary to comply with the instructions in the preparation of the mixture and strictly observe its dosage.

Iron vitriol: characteristics and use

Iron vitriol is produced in the form of a blue crystalline powder with a greenish tint. A solution of ferrous sulfate is a frequently used remedy that is used in suburban areas.

It has an unlimited lifespan when properly stored.

Plant disease control

Ferrous vitriol in horticulture is very affordable, has been tested for years and is inexpensive. Therefore, we will consider in more detail the use of iron sulfate in horticulture.

inkstone

Iron sulfate is useful in such cases:

processing the walls of the basement and vegetable store;
heals cuts, hollows, wounds on garden trees;
spring and autumn whitewashing of fruit tree trunks;
lichen control;
used as a fertilizer;
disinfectant cesspool, country toilet.

Diseases that treatment with ferrous sulfate will effectively protect against:

true powdery mildew;
downy mildews;
clasterosporiosis;
coccomycosis;
anthracnose;
gray rot.

Treatment of plants with iron sulphate is carried out in early spring, before bud break or in autumn, after leaf fall. Spray not only the plant itself, but also the soil around it. Ferrous vitriol should not get on green leaves, otherwise burns on them are possible. For the treatment of trees and shrubs, a 3-5% solution is used. To prepare the working mixture, you need to dissolve 300 or 500 grams of iron sulfate in 10 liters of water. It is preferable to treat shrubs and young trees with a three percent solution; for adult trees or for an old neglected garden, a five percent composition is used. Treatment in early spring with a solution of 6% concentration will help get rid of lichens and mosses on the bark of trees.

Note! Processing is carried out in calm, cloudy and dry weather.

The use of iron sulphate for disinfection

An excellent tool for treating cellar walls is a solution of iron sulfate. The tool is cheap and not a strong toxic property. The solution is prepared using a 10% concentration. The working fluid is applied to the walls with a brush, to improve the effect, clay can be added until a creamy consistency is formed. This treatment helps to fight fungi and insects. The procedure is repeated twice in the fall before the vegetables are stored, after which the cellar is well ventilated.

To eliminate the smell from cesspools, use the following composition: 250 g per 5 liters of water. It is also used when a fungus appears in houses, for treating walls, solution concentration: 150 g per 1 liter of water.

Disinfection of greenhouses is carried out using a solution at a concentration of 150 g per 1 liter of water, all wooden parts of the greenhouse are sprayed or brushed with a brush.

For the treatment of wounds fruit and berry trees you need to mix 100 g of vitriol with 1 liter of water and carefully go through all the damaged areas with a brush.

ferrous sulfate as a fertilizer

Iron sulfate powder is not only a disease-fighting agent, but also an excellent fertilizer. With a lack of iron, many plants experience early yellowing of the leaves, the death of shoots, the leaves become faded, not so green. Without it, the normal existence of cultures is impossible, plants develop chlorosis. As a fertilizer, a powder solution is used in horticulture for foliar feeding of potatoes, tomatoes, all types of cabbage and other crops. To do this, dissolve 5-10 grams of powder in a container, pouring 10 liters of water. Water for the solution should be taken soft and not mixed with lime.

Gardeners with great experience have learned how to prepare iron chelate, to obtain it, it is necessary to dilute two teaspoons of citric acid in a 10-liter bucket, after complete dissolution in water, put one tablespoon of ferrous sulfate into the resulting solution. With this composition, the plant is watered under the root with chlorosis.

Precautionary measures

Iron sulphate is not toxic substance like copper sulfate. But working with him, you must also adhere to certain rules. In case of contact with skin, rinse thoroughly large quantity water as soon as possible. In case of burning, consult a doctor. Avoid contact of the solution or substance with the eyes and mucous membranes. Be sure to use protective clothing, gloves, and thoroughly wash your hands and face after handling the solution.

One of the most popular and effective means in pest control is iron sulfate. Most actively gardeners use it in spring period. By appearance it is a crystalline powder, odorless. When used in the garden, it has a beneficial effect on old trees and helps to increase fruiting in young bushes. Used in various concentrations.

The use of vitriol

Ferrous vitriol, or ferrous sulfate, is used by many gardeners to combat and prevent damage to plantings by various viruses and harmful insects. Iron sulphate is also used to combat harmful insects. The use of this product in horticulture in the fall avoids global problems spring after the awakening of insects. Use a means for the control and prevention of plants:

Having hyperacidity, ferrous sulfate, if it comes into contact with the leaves, can leave burns. Given this feature, gardeners spray trees in the spring before the foliage appears or in the fall, after it falls off.

It is this period that is characterized by the formation of fungal infections not only on trees, but also on the soil around them. In this case, not only the plantations themselves are processed, but also the land around them.

In order to prevent iron sulfate is used as a whitewash for trunks. This method allows you to disinfect plants and protect them from diseases. This treatment will require 1 liter of water and 100 grams of ferrous sulfate.

You should be aware that ferrous sulfate is not able to protect plantings from bacterial infections. For indoor floriculture it is used very rarely. In the garden, iron sulfate is used to treat plants for diseases such as:

Anthracnose.
Gray rot.
True and downy mildew.
Scab and other diseases.

Preparation of solutions for processing

There is no single instruction for breeding vitriol. Each activity has its own dosage and concentration. Depending on the type of plant and the cause of the disease, a solution is prepared:

For fruit crops with stones (peach, plum, apricot, cherry and others), a 3% solution of the substance should be diluted. You can prepare it in the following way: 300 grams of iron sulfate are dissolved in 10 liters of water. Treated by spraying the trunk and crown of the tree after the foliage has fallen. Vine crops are processed before shelter.
For pome crops (pear, apple, grapes), a 4% concentrate of the substance must be diluted. For 10 liters of water, 400 grams of the product will be required.

For processing bushes in medicinal purposes from harmful insects, you will need to prepare a 5% solution of ferrous sulfate. This procedure is best done in the fall to kill insects that hibernate under the bark.

It is necessary to prepare a 3% solution of the agent for treatment of rot, mosses and lichens. This concentration is used for stone fruits, and for pome fruits, a 5% concentrate is used.

For the purpose of prevention in the autumn, trees are treated with a 1% solution of vitriol. For cooking, take 100-150 grams of funds for 10-15 liters of water. This concentrate is used to treat infected areas of plantations or the entire tree.

With insufficient iron content in the soil, the drug is used as a top dressing for bushes in the autumn and spring. Young leaves in this case acquire a pale yellow hue, while old ones retain a green color.

Most often, iron deficiency is experienced by crops such as apple, plum, raspberry, and grapes. For feeding, take 50 grams of ferrous sulfate and dilute them in 10 liters of water. The soil and tree trunks are treated every 5 days until young green leaves appear.

When treated with a 6% concentrate, bud break can be delayed up to 10 days. This method is sometimes used by gardeners when spring frosts. Significant shortcomings include:

Scheme of treatment from various pests and diseases

The insecticidal properties that make up iron sulphate make it possible to combat harmful insects and their larvae. Trees are treated for this purpose in the spring before bud break.

A five percent concentrate is used to treat soil circles under the trunks. Processing is carried out twice: in spring and autumn. Young shrubs with thin bark are sprayed once in the spring.

Old trees are susceptible to moss and lichen damage. Stone fruit species of shrubs are sprayed with a 3% solution. For pome breeds, a 5% concentrate solution is made. Diseases of a fungal nature are eliminated with a 3% solution, applying it 2-3 times a week.

You can prevent the development of chlorosis by using green vitriol to spray plants with a weak concentrate. Processing is carried out with an interval of 5-6 days.

To prevent iron deficiency in grapes, iron sulfate is also used. This substance was used in viticulture by spraying and root dressing. Depending on the season, different concentrations of this substance are used to treat the vine.

Before shelter for the winter period, vitriol is sprayed in the fall with a concentrate of 3% or 5%. In the spring, viticulture uses lower concentrations.

Root top dressing is combined with watering. For this purpose, it is enough to add 10-15 grams of the substance to 10 liters of water. For the treatment of seedlings, a weak concentration of the solution is used, not more than 0.5%.

For spraying currants, cherries, gooseberries and strawberries, a minimum concentration of the substance is used from 0.1 to 1%. For foliar feeding of garden crops, 5-10 grams of the product is used per 10 liters of water. Crops such as cabbage, tomatoes and others respond especially well to it.

The use of vitriol in agriculture relevant. To get the result from using the product, it must be properly prepared. To do this, follow these recommendations:

Dilute the concentrate preferably in a plastic or glass container. It is not recommended to use metal containers for this substance.
The container for diluting the substance must be perfectly clean so that the substance does not react with other elements.
The solution is stirred slowly and very thoroughly. After the first stirring, allow the solution to settle and stir it again. With this stirring, the solution will be more concentrated.

Disadvantages of the drug

Despite the mass useful qualities, the tool has some disadvantages. Every gardener should know that a fungicide:

Has a fast oxidizability in air. In this case, the substance is deprived of useful properties. Due to this feature, the tool loses its protective qualities in two weeks.
Perfectly absorbs moisture. For this reason, it must be stored in an airtight container.
It has the most unproductive concentration for processing in the form of a 1% solution.
At concentrations above 1%, the product can burn young leaves of plants.
The drug is ineffective in the treatment of bactericidal diseases.

Safety measures when working with vitriol

In some cases, gardeners confuse copper and iron sulfate. Summer residents use both means, without really thinking about the difference between them. However, these tools can differ significantly. Do not forget that copper sulfate is more dangerous to human health. It is intended for spraying plants in the process of treatment and replenishing the lack of copper in horticultural crops.

Vitriol iron has a bluish-green tint, for which it received such a name as green vitriol. The substance in terms of toxicity belongs to the third class, does not ignite and is not considered an explosive substance.

In the process of work, contact with the mucous membranes of the eyes and nasal, as well as the oral cavity, should be avoided. In case of contact with skin, wash off with plenty of running water with soap.

It will help to rid the plants of the garden and the garden from the harmful effects of various ailments and harmful insects. correct application iron sulfate. This drug has been in demand in horticulture for many years. Spraying ferrous sulfate in autumn garden trees avoids many problems in the spring.

And pests impossible. Despite the fact that the modern market offers a wide range of pest control products, not all of them are effective, and some are quite expensive.

Therefore, many experienced gardeners recommend using proven, well-known and budgetary funds, one of these is iron sulfate. . In horticulture, iron vitriol is used quite widely, it is used both for the prevention and for the purpose of eliminating many plant diseases, including fungal ones, and also as a protection against insect pests.

What is iron sulfate: composition and properties

Iron vitriol, ferrous sulfate or ferrous sulfate is a salt that is obtained by reacting sulfuric acid and ferrous iron.

With normal room temperature air, the substance has the form of turquoise or greenish-yellow small crystals (pentahydrate). The amount of active substances in such crystals is 53%.

When is iron sulphate used?

A solution of iron sulphate is highly acidic, which can cause burns if sprayed on green leaves. Therefore, the treatment of the garden with iron sulphate must be carried out early or after the leaves have fallen, in the fall.

Both in spring and autumn, the main cause of infection with fungal diseases are the remains of leaves and branches on the surface. Therefore, in the spring, not only the processing of trees, but also the surface of the earth around them is carried out.

In autumn, it will be much more efficient to collect and burn fallen leaves and plant debris, as well as to dig trunk circles before spraying trees.

In horticulture, vitriol is traditionally used in such cases:

for preventive treatment of the walls of cellars and places for storing vegetables;
for the treatment of wounds and the processing of cuts on trees;

for processing trees and berry crops against mosses, lichen, scab, etc.;
for the treatment of spotting;
for processing ;
for pest control;

for the treatment of this and, as well as, coccomycosis,.

Compatibility with other drugs

Ferrous sulfate cannot be mixed in the same solution with organophosphorus insecticides ("", etc.), as well as with other drugs that decompose in an alkaline environment. Do not mix iron sulfate with lime.

Instructions for use: concentration and consumption rates of ferrous sulfate

It is worth remembering that in young trees the bark is much thinner than in adults, so they can only be processed once, in the spring. Adult plants are treated twice: in spring and autumn.

For various purposes, there are certain dosages that must be adhered to in order to achieve maximum effect.

Fight against fungal diseases

For the treatment of fungal diseases, a weaker solution of ferrous sulfate is used, at the rate of 30 g per 10 liters of water. Spraying should be carried out 2-3 times, every 7 days.

against chlorosis

Ferrous vitriol treatment helps fight chlorosis, which can occur in plants due to a lack of fertilizer or a lack of iron. To prepare a solution to combat chlorosis, 50 g of iron sulfate must be dissolved in 10 liters of water.

Spray every 4-5 days until the green color of the leaves is restored. In order to carry out preventive spraying, a lower concentration will be required: 10 g of ferrous sulfate per 10 liters of water.

Against mosses and lichens

Ferrous sulfate will also help get rid of lichens and mosses, which quite often affect old trees. Dosage for the treatment of fruit trees from mosses and lichens: 300 g of ferrous sulfate per 10 liters of water. For pome trees, a stronger concentration is needed- 500 g of iron sulfate per 10 liters of water.

Disinfection of trees with iron sulphate

To treat wounds, cracks, cuts of branches, 100 g of iron sulfate must be diluted in 10 liters of water and the damaged tree tissues treated with the resulting solution.

Spraying berry crops

Iron vitriol for the protection of berry crops - currants, etc., is used at a dosage of 3%. A solution obtained at the rate of 300 g of iron sulfate per 10 liters of water is sprayed before starting.

Ferrous vitriol for spraying grapes

Iron vitriol is the main protector for grapes, since it has one feature: it delays bud break for about a week.

Therefore, if the culture is treated with a 3-4% solution of ferrous sulfate before the start of the growing season, this will help to survive the period. spring frosts and temperature fluctuations. it especially true for grapes if it is processed 5-7 days after removal winter shelter.

For the treatment of grapes with iron sulphate, the following dosages are recommended:

For spring processing after removing the winter shelter - 0.5-1%
For the destruction of microorganisms and pests, such as mildew, oidium, grape cushion, etc. - 4-5%
From mosses and lichen - 3%.
To combat chlorosis - 0.05%.
For processing in the fall, before shelter for the winter - 3-5%.

It should be borne in mind that a lower concentration of ferrous sulfate is desirable for spring processing than for autumn.

Did you know? In addition to all of the above, with the help of iron sulphate, you can eliminate unpleasant odors in gardens and orchards due to summer