Autumn gooseberry care according to the rules. Top dressing of gooseberries in the autumn-spring period

Top dressing of gooseberry bushes as well as systematic watering, annual pruning and treatment for diseases and pests is a must-have agricultural event. In addition, gooseberry fertilizer has the following advantages:

accelerated growth and development of the plant;
improvement in the size and taste of fruits;
increase in the overall yield of shrubs;
soil treatment with missing trace elements.

Many varieties of gooseberries tolerate drought calmly, adapt to the surrounding climate and grow on soils. various types from sandy to clay.

The shrub responds well to the introduction of various minerals, provided that it is carried out in correct proportions and during. Otherwise, you can get a strong density of branches, the invasion of pests and less resistance to frost.

If the planting was carried out with the introduction of a certain amount of fertilizer into the seat, depending on the type of soil, then the first top dressing of the crop should be started only after 3 years of the life of the bush.

The entire range of fertilizers necessary for the normal life of plants can be divided into the following groups:

Macronutrients. They are applied in large quantities and may consist of: nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, iron, calcium, sulfur and magnesium.
Microelements. They are used in small, carefully adjusted doses, such substances include: iodine, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, copper, boron.

The whole group of elements is contained in gooseberry fertilizers already in finished form, and you can buy it at any gardening store. Top dressing of this type can be divided into the following types:

Simple fertilizers are made from one element and can be: phosphorus, nitrogen, magnesium, boron, etc.
Complex fertilizers contain several elements in their composition and are specially made for certain gooseberry varieties and the time of its application.

The MicroMix complex received excellent reviews, it contains a dozen elements in the most correct dosage for the plant to accept. Such a complex can be used to feed gooseberries during the growing season, but with the condition of carefully following the instructions.

Feeding rules

Types of dressings can be conditionally divided into two types - root and foliar, depending on the type, the following rules apply to them:

Root top dressing includes the application of fertilizers under the root of the plant or along the perimeter trunk circle.
Foliar top dressing is carried out by spraying, with a solution concentration of not more than 1%, otherwise the culture may get foliage burns.

Complex fertilizers must be used with a clear deficiency in the soil of certain elements. Otherwise, gooseberries can get an underdeveloped structure of fruits and shoots, a general weakening of the root system and foliage chlorosis.

How to feed gooseberries in spring?

In the spring, gooseberries need a lot of strength for enhanced growth of shoots, bud development and the appearance of flowers. That's why spring dressing gooseberry in the period is carried out in 2 stages. The first is necessary before the bud break, this time falls on March - April and the second fertilization is carried out before the flowering of the shrub.

In the first dressing, you can use the following types of fertilizers:

Organic. It can include bird droppings, compost and manure.
Mineral. These are fertilizers from urea, potassium or ammonium sulfates, ammonium or potassium nitrate.

Carrying out such an agro event helps the shrub to quickly get out of winter dormancy, start the process of development of shoots and foliage.

Manure is scattered between the bushes and along the edge of the area with gooseberries, sprinkled with a mineral layer on top and loosen the soil on a shovel bayonet. Mulching with peat is allowed. Such top dressing is enough for the entire growing season.

The second top dressing is carried out in order to accelerate flowering and dense tying of the crop. At the same time, it can be carried out, as in the first variant, on the soil, or the bushes can be treated by spraying with ammonium sulfate or urea. Fertilization in May increases the abundance of flowering and speeds up the process of fruit set.

During flowering, spraying is prohibited, in order to avoid the destruction of insects pollinating the plant.

How to feed gooseberries in the fall?

During the spring-summer period, the gooseberry works almost to the point of wear and tear, therefore, reserves of potassium and phosphorus are drawn out of the soil. The soil is noticeably depleted, which requires the restoration of the missing substances in full.

Before feeding, the usual garden activities to remove weeds, trim excess shoots and clean up fallen leaves. Then it is necessary to dig the soil with the application of fertilizers. At the same time, top dressing should not contain a nitrogen component. It provokes increased growth, and the bush will not be able to stop sap flow in frost, as a result, the plant may die.

Autumn top dressing of gooseberries and currants allows shrubs to lay the foundation for a future harvest, strengthen general immunity and calmly survive the winter cold.

Wood ash, obtained by burning the remains of a tree, is a very valuable fertilizer of a mineral-organic nature. Ash can be fragmented or powdered and contains phosphorus, zinc, potassium salts and sulfur in the correct dosage for plants.

Top dressing with wood ash improves the size and taste of fruits, increases resistance to fungal diseases, and fertilizing the soil improves the air permeability of the soil and improves its quality.

Ash can be used in many ways:

when applied to the soil;
when mulching the soil;
for spraying and pollination of bushes;
when watering gooseberries and currants.

It is not difficult to prepare an ash solution, it is poured with water and infused in a warm place for 2 days, then this fertilizer can be used for spraying or watering the tree trunk. Ash works well and hyperacidity soil. At the same time, it is used in a ratio of 700 g per m² of land before planting gooseberries or currants.

As a result of searching for fertilizers and solving the problem of how to feed gooseberries and currants, you can find exactly those elements that will help plants look healthy, bring a large harvest and lead a long life process.

Few people know, but the gooseberry is a literally eternal and very productive culture, so the Malachite variety bush can productively exist for at least a decade and a half, annually increasing a kilogram of berry products. Thus, from a well-developed gooseberry bush, which you looked after properly, you can collect up to 15 kilograms of both tasty and large berries at the same time.

To begin with, let's just briefly list the main activities that we need to carry out during the autumn period with gooseberry bushes, and then describe each of them in more detail so that you have an idea of \u200b\u200bwhat and how to do, and at the same time you would have minimum questions.

The first step is to pay attention to the gooseberry bite zone, clearing it of foliage and branches. Then all the weeds should be weeded out, after that, digging the near-growth zone, then carrying out water-charging watering, then carrying out autumn top dressing, pruning closer to the middle of autumn, then pay attention to the row spacing, loosening or even digging them properly and, finally, carrying out preventive processing, mulch the surface of the gooseberry bite zone.

Removing debris from the gooseberry bite zone in autumn

What's wrong with her? On it is a bunch of gooseberry leaves that have already crumbled, different kind sticks, crushed, rotten and whole, but fruits and other debris starting to rot. All this must be done very carefully so as not to damage the hands on the thorns (after putting on thick gloves) and shoots with a rake, rake to the side, away from the gooseberry bushes. And with other leaves and branches, burn it all to ash. By the way, the resulting ash is very valuable. natural fertilizer. Wood ash cannot be written off, and in no case should it be simply thrown into the trash.

Weed control in the gooseberry bush zone in autumn

After the gooseberry bite zone turned out to be clean of fallen leaves, branches and other debris, only weeds crushed by a rake remained on it. Very often among gooseberry weeds, wheatgrass predominates. Know that it greatly oppresses this culture, therefore it is strictly necessary to fight with wheatgrass.

Of course, contact herbicides can be used, that is, which act only when the poison comes into direct contact with the plant. Such herbicides should not be written off, they are often used even in areas where medicinal plants. In our case, if there are few gooseberry bushes in your area, then after rain or abundant watering, armed with a small scoop, try to pick out the unfortunate wheatgrass from the soil with the maximum number its root system, because even if one centimeter of it remains in the soil, wheatgrass will be reborn again.

Digging the soil in the gooseberry bush area in autumn

There are two ways - to dig or not to dig. Look, if you are a resident of the center of Russia, where the freezing of the gooseberry root system is a rarity and additional mulching (in this case, only covering the roots with mulch) is not required for this culture, then it is quite possible to dig up the bite zone, placing a shovel along the growth of the roots and not deepening it is more than 5-6 cm. When digging the gooseberry buccal zone in autumn, it is important that the clods of earth are turned over, but not crushed, but it is also important to prevent the gooseberry root system from being exposed, otherwise even in your zone the roots may suffer. Digging will allow you to turn the wintering stages of pests and diseases to the surface, and they will die, simply freezing in winter period time. In addition, digging will enhance air and water exchanges and allow excess moisture to evaporate on warm and hot autumn days, and allow the roots to breathe and grow normally: after all, even during leaf fall, small moisture-absorbing roots continue to develop.

Moisture-charging watering gooseberries in autumn

After the soil is loosened, it is possible to carry out moisture-charging autumn watering of the gooseberries. What is it for? Exactly as for fruit and other berry crops, the abundance of moisture in the soil will not allow it to freeze to a very great depth, and in winter, during the period of provocative thaws, to thaw, and also to activate the growth processes of plants. In addition, in moisture-rich soil, gooseberry roots that absorb moisture will develop as efficiently as possible before frost, they will absorb maximum moisture into the plants and they will not be afraid of winter desiccation, when on sunny days from the surface of the gooseberry shoots, albeit small, but evaporation of moisture is observed. . And if in autumn there is very little moisture in the soil, and the plants do not have time to accumulate it, then the shoots can simply dry out. Although it doesn't happen often, it does happen.

Top dressing gooseberries in the autumn

Now (in autumn) it is important to do without the use of nitrogen, which can activate the growth processes of the aerial parts of the gooseberry, and all parts of the shoots that have grown and begin to swell flower buds they will simply die in the very near future, because winter is coming.

Usually in autumn period dry phosphorus and potash fertilizers are applied under gooseberries. Under a bush younger than five years of age, 15-20 g of superphosphate and 10-12 g of potassium sulfate are added; for older plants, this dose can be safely doubled. Wood ash can also be added, 250-300 g of wood ash is allowed for each bush, the gooseberries do not require other fertilizers and winter well without their use.

Pruning gooseberries in autumn

Around the middle of autumn, you can prune the bushes completely without fear for the culture. Here it is advisable to arm yourself with a very sharp pruner and thick gloves to protect against thorns. It is also advisable to take some alcohol with you to moisten (for disinfection from infection) the sharp blade of the pruner when moving from one bush to another. First of all, take a good look at the gooseberry bush, usually the branches that prevent it from developing normally are striking themselves, in other words, they are clearly visible.

Cut into a ring all gooseberry branches broken during the harvesting period, all those that lie directly on the ground or are bent so low to it that the berry touches the soil and begins to rot. Next, pay attention to the thickening shoots: they usually grow strictly in the center of the gooseberry bush, which leads to its thickening, from which it stops being blown by the wind, fungal diseases form, and the crop moves to the periphery of the crown (that is, both the quality of the crop and its quantity are reduced). ), so such branches need to be cut out, and the places of cuts should be covered with garden pitch or garden paint.

Try to remove gooseberry shoots that are more than five years old, here you can break any pruner, so it’s better to use a garden file and be sure to cover all cuts with garden pitch or garden paint (just in case).

Ideally after autumn pruning gooseberries six or seven years old, no more than five or six of the strongest and most well-developed lateral shoots should remain in the bush, which should be the strongest, strongest, youngest, carry fresh lateral growths and, of course, evenly spaced, diverging radially from the bush. It is these gooseberry shoots in next year will give both good growth and a full harvest.

Processing row-spacing gooseberries in autumn

For those who have several rows of gooseberries, you need to take care of the row spacing, be sure to dig the soil there and you can not mulch it in any of the regions. It is necessary to combine digging with the removal of weeds and treatments against possible stages of development of pests and diseases.
Preventive treatment of gooseberry plants and soil between rows.

To protect gooseberries from possible wintering stages of pests and diseases, it is best to treat plants with 2% Bordeaux mixture, and the soil - 3% Bordeaux liquid. You can, at your own peril and risk, treat plantings and soil with foundationazole or topaz, but you already know everything about them.

Mulching the gooseberry bite zone in autumn

Finally, if you are not a resident of the central, but an inhabitant of the more northern regions of the country, then you need to mulch the root system of gooseberry plants. For this, dry and healthy leaf litter is suitable, which must be covered with spruce spruce branches so that it does not scatter over the site, as well as needles, sawdust (but keep in mind that they slightly acidify the soil), humus (by the way, in spring, humus can not be removed, but loosened and it will be an additional spring natural fertilizer), and you can also use newfangled non-woven covering materials. Covering materials, as a rule, do not need much, it is enough to cover only the bite zone with them.

Most importantly, remember that in the spring the covering material must be removed in time, because the soil warms up under it for a long time, and we absolutely do not need this.

That's all we wanted to tell you about how to care for gooseberries in the fall. In principle, this culture is unpretentious, but it suffers from the same powdery mildew or leaf necrosis quite often, so do not forget about the appropriate treatments in the spring. In the meantime, we are waiting for winter and the first snow that will cover the gray earth for a long six months.

Very often from the lips of gardeners, especially beginners, you can hear the question of what needs to be done in the process of growing gooseberries to get good harvest? Like other garden and berry crops, the plant needs care (pruning, watering, mulching, bush formation).

Gooseberries are not whimsical plants. That is why it is necessary to apply fertilizers correctly and in the required proportions. Saturating the bush with them can be a prerequisite for crop loss. If you provide gooseberries with the necessary complex nutrients, one bush is able to reward the gardener with a high yield, which in different cases can range from 7 to 10 kg.

Some summer residents are interested in ways to feed currants, gooseberries, raspberries and other shrubs in terms of general, universal fertilizer.

It should be said that for feeding shrubs during planting in the soil and the entire growing process, are used organic fertilizers (wood ash, humus, manure, chicken manure and mullein). Among the piece fertilizers, the most popular are superphosphate, potassium salt, ammonium nitrate.

When, how and what to feed gooseberries?

What is the best way to feed gooseberries when planting in the soil? Planting of young seedlings, most often, is carried out in the fall (before winter). This period is very important for the development of the bush and its development in a new place. Therefore, the correct application of nourishing agents plays a key role.

The hole under the bush is prepared in advance. It is necessary, almost half, to make a mixture of humus, sand and soil into it. Humus and soil are mixed in proportions of 2:3, then 1/3 of the sand is added and mixed thoroughly. Sand is needed in order to ensure the softness and permeability of the soil.

After about 14 days, you can proceed to the direct planting of the seedling in the ground. During this period, about 200 g of wood ash is applied to protect the soil from pests.

First feeding should be done in the spring. During this period, the plant is experiencing a shortage, since its activity increases sharply by the time when other shrubs are just waking up. You can feed gooseberries in the spring with urea or ammonium nitrate. Under one bush, it will be enough to add about 60 g of ammonium nitrate or 45 g of urea. Also in early spring gooseberries should be fed with the nitrate form of nitrogen.

Second top dressing should be held in May. Falling leaves are a sign of nutrient deficiencies. As a rule, the lower leaves begin to fall off. You can use a solution of urea or chicken manure with water.

Third top dressing gooseberry bushes are carried out throughout the summer. It consists of 2-3 applications at regular intervals of organic infusion in the form of slurry. A remedy is made from humus, water and wood ash. For 10 l. water add 3-5 kg. manure, about 200 g of ash. All components are mixed and infused for up to 6 hours. Feeding is best done in the evening. It is carried out by creating shallow furrows after loosening the soil and removing weeds around the bush (about 15 cm from the base). Approximately 8 liters are added. for one plant. The introduction of these dressings will contribute to the filling of fruits and the rapid development of the root system.

Some summer residents note that in autumn the plant needs to apply chlorine-containing fertilizers. Is it so? Opinions are strongly divided. Some use it in a diluted form (solution), and some in combination with other types of fertilizers.

It should be noted that gooseberries do not tolerate chlorine, even in the smallest concentrations.

Instead of chlorine autumn feeding gooseberry, other forms of nourishing substances are used, which have different properties. chemical composition anions (). They are less toxic to gooseberries and contribute to the development and rapid growth of shoots and foliage.

On light soils (sandy and sandy loam), the gooseberry bush may experience a frequent lack of magnesium. Dolomite flour is used to replenish this nutrient. Experienced agronomists recommend using a solution dolomite flour with 50 grams of magnesium sulfate per 1 m square square around the gooseberry bush. This proportion is mixed in 10 liters. water.

On heavily depleted soils, liquid organic substances are used as top dressings. They are bred in 10 liters of water and brought in this amount under one bush. What proportions should be followed?

Fresh cow manure should be mixed with water at a ratio of 1:5. This means that about 2 kg is needed for a capacity of 10 liters. manure.
Chicken litter. For 10 liters of water, a ratio of 1:12 should be added. For 10 l. water must be added about 0.8 kg. litter.
Dung slurry. Humus is used in a ratio of 1: 7. For 10 l. - 1.4 kg. manure.

When should they be applied? For the whole season, it is recommended to use these fertilizers only twice. The first time gooseberries are fed at the beginning of the flowering period and the formation of ovaries. The second time you need to use each of the fertilizers with an interval of about 3 days. This top dressing of gooseberries is used after harvesting. Grooves are made on one and the other side of the bush on loose soil. After that, you need to evenly distribute the solution over the territory. You can use a garden watering can for this.

In addition to organics, piece nitrogen (urea, ammonium nitrate) and phosphorus fertilizers are also used. It is best to use gooseberries (if necessary - double). It is enough to scatter evenly up to 60 g of funds on one bush.

It should be noted that for acidic soil not superphosphate is used, but its analogues for certain type soils. Among them, thermophosphate and supertomasin are distinguished.

Concerning potash fertilizers, for gooseberries, wood ash and potassium sulfate are necessary. Based on one bush, from 300 to 400 g of ash and up to 80 g of potassium sulfate are needed. It is also recommended to use high-percentage potassium salts in the proportion of 0.1 kg / bush.

It should be remembered that starting from the 4th year of fruiting gooseberries, it is necessary to apply phosphorus, potash and nitrogen top dressing every spring.

If you use all types of fertilizers correctly and apply them on time, you can expect big harvest and a lower degree of damage and pests. At first glance, such care may seem too troublesome, but it is not at all the case. Having done everything right once, all other top dressing will be carried out without problems and errors.

found in many gardeners similar situation with gooseberries: the bush is large, but there is no harvest. And it's not always about bad varieties. The problem is often improper care behind the berry bush. We will investigate and correct the situation.

How to prune gooseberries

The first thing to do is to thin out the bush.

Gooseberry - very photophilous. He needs as much light as possible. But this is a plant that loves to grow. And with this he creates a problem for himself. The branches begin to shade each other, which leads to a decrease in yield. This is especially true for old bushes. Therefore, in the coming season, it is necessary to cut out all unnecessary.

How to do it?

1 cut. At the beginning of the season, in the spring, even before bud break, we remove diseased and broken shoots that intertwine and lie on the ground. The rest of the branches are cut from above to the first strong side shoot.

2 trims. After harvesting, we remove the old shoots on which there was little or no harvest. In the middle of the bush, we leave 5-8 of the strongest, cut out the rest to avoid thickening. If shoots affected by powdery mildew are noticed, we cut them to a healthy bud.

To increase the yield, make it a rule - every year in early August, pinch annual shoots.

How to fertilize gooseberries

Now let's feed our bush. During the season we fertilize gooseberries 5 times.

1 time, as soon as the buds begin to bloom. For this serving, dilute in 10 liters of water 1 tbsp. a spoonful of urea and 2 tbsp. spoons of nitrophoska. On a bush - 2 buckets

2 times - as soon as flowering begins, scatter 1-1.5 cups of ash under the bush and water with a fertilizer solution: 1 tbsp. a spoonful of potassium sulfate per 10 liters of water. On a bush - 3 buckets

3 times - during the setting of berries: 1 tbsp. a spoonful of nitrophoska and 2 tbsp. tablespoons of potassium humate per 10 liters of water. On a bush - 3 buckets

4 times - in early October: Mix evenly 1.5 tbsp. spoons of double superphosphate and 4 tbsp. spoons of potassium sulfate, sprinkle under a bush and water

Many people love fragrant and tasty gooseberries, so this shrub is a frequent inhabitant of our summer cottages and household plots. With proper care, this unpretentious plant it is able to produce from 8 to 10 kg of berries annually from each bush, and the gooseberry bears fruit for several decades. But what to do to get him best yield? A competent approach to feeding gooseberries will help in this matter, because it is known that abundant fruiting requires additional nutrients. It is necessary to feed the plant already in the first year of life, this contributes to its healthy growth, while the maximum yield is achieved at 5-6 years.

Feeding in March

The best soil option for planting gooseberries is loose sandy soil, in it the roots of the shrub feel the best. It is advisable to fertilize it for a certain period of time even before planting a shrub. Also experienced gardeners it is recommended to regularly loosen the soil in order to improve the oxygen exchange of the root system, this must be done very carefully so as not to damage the roots of the plant, which are mostly on the surface.

Fertilizer for gooseberries should be applied to the soil in early spring, when the snow has not completely melted. Even if the snow has almost melted, the soil during this period is still saturated with moisture, so fertilizers will be absorbed by the plant very quickly, even if they are not previously dissolved in water, but a dry mixture is used. During this period, the soil is especially depleted in minerals. Dry fertilizers are scattered around the shrub at a distance of 0.5-1.0 m.

Fertilizers for gooseberries during this period can be a mixture of nitrophoska with ash, for young plants they take 2 tbsp. spoons per glass, for adults - twice as much. Good for this shrub and manure.

How to improve productivity?
We are constantly getting letters in which amateur gardeners are worried that due to the cold summer this year, a poor harvest of potatoes, tomatoes, cucumbers, and other vegetables. Last year we published TIPS about this. But unfortunately, many did not listen, but some still applied. Here is a report from our reader, we want to advise plant growth biostimulantswhich will help increase the yield by up to 50-70%.
Read...

Top dressing gooseberries in April

During this period, it is necessary to carry out the second stage of fertilization. Gooseberry is a moisture-loving plant, for this reason and also, because fertilizers themselves can cause root burns, the plant should be watered abundantly before feeding. In the second month of spring, there is a period of active vegetation - leaves, shoots grow, flowering begins. Feeding at this stage will be critical to increasing yields. A clear deficiency of minerals in the soil is indicated by premature fall of leaves and fruit ovaries. At the end of April, liquid top dressing is introduced into the soil, it is a complex of organic and mineral fertilizers. Here is an approximate version of it:

500 g of manure or 250 g of bird droppings;
Potassium sulfide - 50 g;
Ammonium sulfate - 50 g;
Water - 10 liters.

All components are mixed until smooth. To feed young plants, no more than 3 liters of such a mixture will be required, for adults 5-6 liters.

The third wave of gooseberry feeding falls on the period after flowering. If you notice that the gooseberry bush bears fruit profusely, but at the same time grows poorly, it is worth carrying out another stage of fertilization, immediately after harvesting.

How to grow beautiful and tasty "northern grapes"?

Mineral fertilizers for gooseberry bushes

As mentioned above, gooseberries need to be fed already in the first year after planting. The ideal option in this period, saltpeter is considered. The plant is fertilized for the first time when the length of its shoots is about 5-6 cm, for this they take 250 g of fertilizer and divide it into 3 equal parts, then continue feeding at an interval of 3 weeks. As the plant grows, so do the portions of fertilizer for them. So, a three-year-old shrub is fertilized with 300 g of saltpeter, and this is done in three stages, as described above - in early spring, before flowering and immediately after it. But in the fourth year after planting, a complex of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is introduced into the soil.

Along with saltpeter, urea is also used to fertilize gooseberries. As phosphate fertilizer the best thing double superphosphate when the soil is characterized low level pH, then it is replaced with thermophosphate.

The best option for potash fertilizers for gooseberry bushes is potassium sulfate and ash.

Organic fertilizers for feeding gooseberries

In this type of feeding, the shrub needs no less than the application of mineral fertilizers. For this purpose, manure, slurry, compost, humus, bird droppings and humus are used. True, fertilizing the plant with organic matter is mainly recommended in the fall.

Manure is applied to the ground once every 2-3 years, it will be enough to feed 10-15 kg per bush, and is used in combination with it. mineral supplement, potato tops can replace manure. The soil near the bush is dug up with manure, but it can also be left on the surface.

Other gooseberry care secrets

In addition to the timely application of fertilizers, caring for this shrub involves a number of measures that, in combination, will ensure its abundant and long-term fruiting.

Spring pruning. During this procedure, old dry branches are removed, in addition, the desired shape is given to the plant.

Proper watering. gooseberry - moisture-loving plant, however, it must be watered under the root without affecting the leaves, otherwise it can cause the bush to be damaged by a dangerous fungal disease.

Basic rules for the care of "northern grapes"

Only by fulfilling all these requirements together, gooseberries will delight you not only with beauty, but also with useful fruits.

And a little about the secrets of the Author

Have you ever experienced unbearable joint pain? And you know firsthand what it is:

inability to move easily and comfortably;
discomfort when going up and down stairs;
unpleasant crunch, clicking not of their own free will;
pain during or after exercise;
inflammation in the joints and swelling;