How to fertilize currants in spring. Excellent folk ways to feed currants! Top dressing of black and red currants for good yields

Currant constantly needs nutrients, which it mainly consumes from the soil. From year to year, the amount of nutrients in the earth decreases, and in order to prolong the life of berry bushes, the quality of the soil has to be improved by applying fertilizers. During the season, it is recommended to feed currants 4-5 times, using both mineral and organic fertilizers.

1. The very first top dressing is carried out at the moment the plant awakens and the green mass is actively growing;
2. The second dressing is carried out during flowering;
3. The third top dressing falls on the period of formation and ripening of fruits;
4. Fourth, after harvest;
5. The fifth can be done when preparing the bushes for wintering.

Top dressing can be root or foliar. foliar top dressing carried out by spraying the bush, a weak solution of fertilizer.

Nutrients with this type of top dressing are absorbed through the leaves and get to the plant faster than with root top dressing.
When root feeding nutrients fall into the ground and are absorbed by the plant through the absorption of useful elements by the roots. The process of delivering nutrients to the roots takes time, and the bush does not receive them immediately.

To get a healthy harvest from berry bushes, it is recommended to alternate these two types of top dressing.

How can you feed currant bushes

On the Internet, there are a lot of tips and recipes for all kinds of dressing solutions with the percentage and weight content of all substances necessary for application, depending on the stage of the vegetative development of the bush. Remembering everything is almost impossible, and probably not necessary. The most important thing that beginner gardeners need to know is:

• The composition of the first two dressings should include nitrogen.
• Subsequent feeding should be carried out by eliminating or reducing the level of nitrogen elements (because nitrogen contributes to the active growth of green mass, and at the stage of formation and ripening of berries this is no longer necessary, because the bush should direct all its forces to the formation and ripening of fruits, and not active growth green mass).

The simplest compositions for feeding currant bushes

Specialty Blends fertilizers for fruit bushes. Purchased granular or liquid fertilizers for feeding fruit bushes (spring-autumn) are convenient to use. On the back of each package is detailed instructions on application, composition, terms and rates of fertilizer application.

Folk recipes:

• Nitrogen-containing top dressing (spring);
• Complex feed (summer - autumn).

Nitrogen is found in manure, compost, bird droppings.
1. The rotted manure is diluted in water 1: 4 and the bushes are watered. Fresh, pour water 1:1 and insist 2-3 days. The finished composition is diluted 1:10 and watered with the calculation of 1 bucket of solution per bush.

2. Bird droppings are diluted 1:12, the application rate is the same - 1 bucket per bush.
3. It is good to mulch the ground under the bush with humus or compost, throughout the spring-summer period.

Complex fertilizing currants

Complex top dressing should contain phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, etc. useful elements. For such top dressing, you can use ash, starch, yeast.

All of the above compositions can be used both for the root method of feeding, and for foliar. You should be more careful only with manure and bird droppings, their concentration should be halved.

At first glance, it may seem that the preparation of infusions is a long and laborious process, but this is not so, we lay the right ingredients in a bucket of water and put in a greenhouse. The cooking process will go on by itself while you go about your business.

Folk methods of feeding should be used in combination with mineral fertilizers, alternating them with each other.

Take care of the currant bushes and then they will surely thank you with a plentiful, juicy and very sweet harvest.

All types of currants are considered to be unpretentious and easy to care for plants that can be found on almost all garden plots. At proper fit bushes quickly grow new branches and delight bountiful harvest healthy and tasty berries. But even the largest and productive varieties after a few years, they become smaller and form fewer and fewer berries if they are not given attention.

Intensive growth, flowering and ripening of berries require a large number nutrients that currants actively consume from the soil. organic and mineral fertilizers, which were laid in the pit when planting the plant, will last for 1-2 years, and after that the currants will have to be fed. To get a good harvest of berries, fertilizers for all types of currants should be applied annually, and their composition should depend on the stage of plant development. red and white currant surpass black in growth intensity, which means they require more nutrients.

Spring currant needs

Spring care for currants includes not only the treatment of shrubs from diseases and pests, but also the application of nitrogen fertilizers. It is carried out at the beginning of the blooming of the leaves. Top dressing during this period is especially important for young plants that actively form new shoots and increase leaf mass.

As spring feeding for red and black currants, urea can be used. After the snow has melted, the fertilizer crystals are spread over the soil surface around the bushes and buried in the ground. It is enough to dig shallowly or loosen the soil around the plant along the projection of the crown. A young plant needs 40-50 g of urea, and for adult bushes, the amount of fertilizer can be reduced. Not superfluous during this period is also top dressing with mineral elements. You can add 0.5 liters of ash for each plant. Or use ready-made complex fertilizer with high content nitrogen.

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Currants respond well to liquid top dressings with infusion of mullein, bird droppings or slurry.

During fertilizing, it is necessary to pay attention to the condition of the soil. Moisture is needed to dissolve minerals, and high doses can damage shrub roots, for example, if fertilizer granules get on the roots when applied to dry soil. Such care will bring currants more harm than good. If the spring is dry, then it is necessary to feed the plants only after abundant watering.

are of great importance soil conditions. When planting on rich loamy soils, it is allowed to feed once every 2 years. While on the lungs sandy soils, where nutrients are quickly washed out, currant care must necessarily include annual top dressing. In such conditions, in addition to urea, it is recommended to apply organic matter and potash fertilizers.

How to feed the bushes during and after flowering

The period of formation of inflorescences falls on May June. Bushes continue to actively grow leaves and shoots and need nitrogen fertilizers, even when active spring growth has slowed down. In addition, the need for phosphorus and potassium, which is necessary for the formation of inflorescences and the formation of ovaries, will increase. Care during this period should take into account the needs of black and red currant bushes.

The best option top dressing during this period will be an alternation of complex mineral fertilizer with infusions of mullein or bird droppings. FROM special attention you need to treat the red currant. This culture makes special requirements to the choice of fertilizers. Red currants do not tolerate chlorine, so fertilizers containing potassium sulfate instead of chloride should be preferred. The need for red currants in potassium can be solved with the help of wood ash.

Liquid top dressing is also used after flowering, during the formation of ovaries and the pouring of berries. They are recommended to be applied along with watering, also adding a little wood ash. Many summer residents the best top dressing consider an infusion of weeds that can be used without restrictions.

Proper feeding and growing plants

What fertilizers are needed in the fall

At the end of summer - the beginning of autumn, when the crop has already been harvested, and the shoots have finished growing, the currant needs to be fed no less than in other periods. Flower buds are laid on the shoots - the basis of the future harvest, and the bushes are preparing for the onset of cold weather.

During this period, the need for phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. A "set" of fertilizers is applied to the root zone, including:

• Superphosphate (40 50 g);
• Potassium sulfate (10 20 g);
• Organic fertilizers (compost, manure, bird droppings).

Fertilizers are distributed in an even layer over the soil surface and closed up, carefully digging up the top layer so as not to injure root system currants. On rich soils, organic fertilizers can be applied every 2-3 years.

Mulch and green manure as a natural fertilizer

Often mulching is perceived as a decorative or protective technique. Green manures are the best helpers if there is a need to naturally increase soil fertility. Some plants are excellent natural fertilizers. sown between the rows legumes(lupine, vetch), cereals (oats, rye), phacelia or white mustard will become mulch and fertilizer after mowing. Such care is natural and will not harm the plants.

A layer of mulch helps retain soil moisture, protect the currant root system from overheating or severe frosts, and prevents weeds from germinating. Often, various organic residues are used as mulch: sawdust, peat, compost, needles, plant leaves, mowed grass. These substances gradually decompose, enriching the soil with the necessary nutritional properties. With regular mulching and constant renewal of this layer, you can completely abandon the introduction of organic substances, since the mulch will provide the currants with everything they need.

However, when using sawdust and needles as a mulching material, it must be remembered that they acidify the soil, and currants love soils with neutral acidity. In this case, care should include additional application of lime or wood ash to prevent acidification of the soil.

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Currant happens different varieties and varieties. The colors are: black, white and red. Care and fertilizer for different varieties has no differences. In addition to the usual pruning of bushes after harvesting, currants also need to be fed with fertilizers throughout the year. This procedure is carried out four times for the entire season.

The first dressing of currants

Even before the currants have released their leaves and are about to begin to bloom, the very first top dressing for the whole year is made. As soon as new young green shoots begin to form on the bushes, you should immediately start fertilizing. The first top dressing of currants in the spring is carried out using nitrogenous fertilizers - this is a mixture of 15 g of urea, 35 g and also 10 - 15 g of ammonia. This calculation is given for making under one bush. This is a great way to fertilize if it was not fertilized at all in the fall.

If in the fall they were introduced, then organic fertilizers will be an excellent option for the first top dressing. To do this, dilute the manure in a bucket of water by adding 2 teaspoons of urea to it. This mixture is applied in the amount of two liters per currant bush. After completion of such top dressing, it is thoroughly watered.

Second top dressing

Two weeks after the first feeding, it is necessary to proceed to the second. By this time, flowering is already ending on the bushes, and the first berries are beginning to set. During this period, use non-aggressive fertilizers, such as humus, with the addition of rotted manure and one tablespoon of potassium sulfate.

As a full-fledged top dressing of currant bushes in the spring, another method can be used - this is a Berry fertilizer solution, which is diluted in the proportion: 2 tablespoons per bucket of water. For one plant, the consumption of 3 liters of such fertilizers is required.

Third top dressing

After another two weeks, when green berries form on the bushes, they can be sprayed with a solution of urea diluted in a ratio of 2 teaspoons per 10 liters of water. This will be the last feeding of black currants in the spring.

Fourth dressing

Only after the end of the harvest, in autumn, the bushes are pruned and fed for the fourth time this season. For this purpose, the following solution is used: 3 buckets of water, 3 tablespoons and the same amount of superphosphate. After watering the bushes with this mixture, it is recommended to additionally pour wood ash and humus under them. After that, one or more waterings are usually performed. On this, the care and feeding of currants in the spring and for the whole year with fertilizers will be considered finished. And it will only happen next season.

Foliar top dressing

Currants have proven themselves well in the spring with microelements. For this method, it is necessary to prepare a solution of 5 grams of potassium permanganate, 3 grams boric acid and 40 grams blue vitriol diluted in 10 liters of water. Spraying with such a solution not only supplies plants essential trace elements for healthy growth and fruiting, but also is the prevention of many diseases characteristic of this culture.

Alternative Methods

If there is no time or desire to breed special solutions, and top dressing of black currants is necessary in the spring, then you can use more versatile and low-cost methods, such as planting lupins, peas, and wikis in the aisle. These crops are sederal, and after they have grown but not yet flowered, they must be mowed and mixed with the soil surrounding the currant bushes. Thus, during overheating, they will supply all the necessary nutrients, which will not take much time and financial costs.

Another in a good way is the application of long-term fertilizers. Top dressing of currants and gooseberries in the spring can be carried out with special briquettes. There are so-called long-term fertilizers on sale for gardeners, which are available in the form of tablets or sticks that need to be stuck near the base of the bush and they will slowly dissolve and feed the plants for a long period.

Fertilizing currants in spring organic fertilizers in the form of dissolved bird droppings, it will support and strengthen plants without harming either them or the health of the person who eats the berries.

Spring care for currants, raspberries and gooseberries

At the first onset of heat, berry bushes must be sprayed with nitrofen, as well as karbofos. Top dressing of currants and gooseberries in the spring is mandatory when the first leaves appear, and also two or three times, with an interval of one week, it is necessary to spray them with a solution of soda ash and laundry soap, which are taken in equal quantities, 50 grams each, based on 10 liters of water. This spraying helps to avoid powdery mildew.

Top dressing of raspberries and currants in the spring is carried out by watering with organic fertilizers, such as diluted mullein or bird droppings.

Ever since time immemorial experienced gardeners advised to water the bushes until the buds swell, hot water. This helps to get rid of the mites, which later settle in swollen buds, spreading the infection to healthy bushes, which is very difficult to prevent.

Currant, spring care, top dressing

Spring is an excellent period for the propagation of currants. Usually two methods are used - cutting cuttings or dividing the bush into several shoots with roots and their further jigging. This is the easiest way, and for its implementation you need to prepare the ground in advance. To do this, you need to dig up the site, remove weeds from it, flavor the hole with humus, with the expectation: for one hole for planting one currant bush, add 5-6 kg, it will be enough to add ammonium nitrate, mix it all with the ground and plant a new plant in this place.

Plant it so that the root is deepened by about 10 centimeters. The distance between adjacent bushes should be one to one and a half meters. Newly planted young seedlings are plentifully watered.

They also use the second method - cuttings or diverting branches for rooting, a good way would be to fertilize the land surrounding the mother plant. That will allow not only to support and feed the main bush, but also to give a good start for young plant. It is formed much faster when cutting the shoot, if the earth is saturated with fertilizers and fertile.

Productive and tasty varietal currants, care in the spring, top dressing with special fertilizers - these are all the necessary components for obtaining good harvest.

Fertilizing currants in spring is an important part of year-round shrub care. Timely and correct application of fertilizers contributes to enhanced vegetation, increase fruit ovaries and increasing productivity. And you can use it in the spring as a top dressing not only complex fertilizers industrial production but also other means.

The importance of spring fertilizing currants

It's no secret that currants deplete the soil quite a lot, literally pumping useful elements out of it. After several years of growth in one place, the plant will completely use up the supply of nutrients that was introduced into the ground during planting. If you do not feed it regularly, the shoots will begin to dry, and the crop will greatly decrease and grind.

Spring top dressing helps to avoid such a development of events. During the spring, they can be carried out several times. The nutrients and microelements introduced at this time will give the shrub an impetus to growth, increase the growth of green mass and shoot formation. A good spring top dressing is the basis of the future harvest.

What are the feeding methods?

There are two ways to feed currant bushes in spring: root and foliar. The first method is the simplest and most common. It is produced by introducing organic or mineral fertilizers into the soil of the root zone. Gradually dissolving under the action of atmospheric moisture contained in the ground and incoming atmospheric moisture, the fertilizer passes into a liquid state and is then absorbed by the root system of the shrub. Such dressings are called slow, since the process of their decomposition and absorption of nutrients by plants proceeds for quite a long time.

To increase the rate of assimilation of useful substances by plants, they can be introduced in an already dissolved form. For this, the fertilizer is dissolved in water before application. In this form, the plant absorbs it much more intensively, and the result is noticeable faster.

Another way to stimulate the plant is foliar feeding. For a long time it was believed that nutrients are absorbed only by the roots, but this is not the case. Leaves and shoots cope with this task just as well. produce outside root top dressing by spraying plants with aqueous solutions of fertilizers. Thus, nutrients are delivered much faster to the desired area of ​​the plant, which stimulates its enhanced growth.

How can you fertilize currants in spring

Spring application of feeding mixtures and formulations should ensure the following tasks are performed:

1. Stimulate the plant to rapid growth, a set of green mass.
2. Provide abundant blooms.
3. Promote the growth and development of young shoots.
4. Accumulate a supply of nutrients for the future harvest.

To perform these tasks, organic and mineral fertilizers are used, as well as some folk remedies.

Fertilizing currants in spring with mineral fertilizers

For spring dressing of currants, the following types of fertilizers are used:

• ammonia (nitroammophoska);
• potassium (potassium sulfate, wood ash);
• phosphoric (superphosphate, regular and double);
• nitrogen (urea).

Important! Do not use complex mineral compounds containing chlorine in their composition.

In addition, microelements are also introduced, which the shrub really needs. This is usually done during flowering.

Currant fertilizer in the spring with organic matter

In addition to minerals, organic matter can also be used to fertilize currants in the spring. Here are the most common organic matter used for feeding this shrub:

• manure;
• peat;
• humus;
• chicken manure;
• compost.

They can be used both independently and in combination with mineral fertilizers. For root dressings, organic substances can be used either in dry form or in the form of their aqueous infusions, diluted with water to an acceptable concentration.

How to feed currants in spring: folk remedies

Other means can be used as an impromptu fertilizer. Often, a yeast infusion of bread crusts, banana peels, or potato peels is used to feed blackcurrants in the spring. Moreover, they can be used as in their usual form, simply by digging them next to the bushes, there and in the form of water infusions.

To prepare an infusion of bread crusts, you need a kilogram of stale bread and a bucket of water. Soak the bread in water, add 2 tablespoons of sugar and half a pack (50 g) of baker's yeast. Leave for a few days for the mixture to ferment. After that, the contents of the bucket must be poured under a bush and mulched with earth so as not to attract birds and insects.

Important! You can feed blackcurrants in spring and more effectively if you add a few banana peels to this mixture, this will further enrich the soil with potassium.

Often, gardeners, in order to enrich the soil with organic matter, plant peas or vetch next to currant bushes. Then the grown green mass is mowed, and in the fall they dig the soil along with it.

Top dressing of currants in the spring with potato peelings

Potato peelings are a valuable biological product containing starch. The easiest way is to bury them in the root zone of a shrub, but it is more efficient to use a water infusion. For this cleaning, pour boiling water in a ratio of 1: 1 and leave to cool. The resulting infusion is applied to the soil directly under the root at the rate of 3 liters per bush.

top dressing potato peels especially recommended for red and white currants, but black reacts to it very moderately.

How to fertilize currants in the spring to increase the yield

For the formation of the future harvest, it is important that all parts of the plant receive good nutrition. Therefore, top dressing of currants begins in early spring and is carried out in several stages. At the earliest stage, nitrogen-containing fertilizers or organics are used, which contain nitrogen compounds in large quantities. As the bush grows and develops, the composition of the bait changes.

Fertilizing schedule for currants in spring

Nutrients must be supplied to the soil systematically. Therefore, fertilize currants in the spring for better harvest need several times, observing certain deadlines and intervals.

The first spring dressing of currants

For the first spring top dressing, you can use a complex nitrogen-containing fertilizer, for example, nitroammophoska. It is applied dry under each bush in early spring, when the buds begin to swell. Under black currant, 10-15 g is laid under each bush, under color - 8-10 g.

Top dressing of currants in the spring with urea instead of nitrophoska is done if phosphorus and potassium compounds were introduced under the bushes in the fall. They bring it in dissolved form, under each bush 40–50 g per 1 bucket of water.

How to feed currants in the spring before flowering

Before the start of the flowering period berry bushes can be fed with liquid organic matter. To do this, you can use an infusion of bird droppings or an infusion of mullein, diluted in water in a ratio of 1:10. The solution is applied to the root zone of the bush.

How to feed currants in spring during flowering

For abundant flowering and the formation of a large number of ovaries, currants during the flowering period can be fed with a small amount of mineral fertilizers. It can be done in the usual way by adding 10 g of potassium sulfate or the same amount of superphosphate, previously dissolved in 10 liters of water, under the bush. Or spend foliar top dressing, spraying the shrub with an aqueous solution of the same substances, but 3 times lower concentration.

Often, gardeners practice spraying currant bushes during flowering. mineral compositions with added micronutrients. The most commonly used composition is:

• boric acid (2 g);
• copper sulfate (2 g);
• zinc sulfate (2 g);
• potassium permanganate (5 g)

All components are diluted in 10 liters of water. Zinc is a good remedy prevent the appearance of fungi, and manganese helps to increase productivity.

Fertilizing currants after flowering

After flowering, about two weeks after the first feeding, the shrub should be fed wood ash. 100–150 g should be added under black currant, for color, the amount can be increased to 200 g. Usually, this top dressing is combined with weeding and loosening the root zone, thus mixing the top layer of soil with ash. After carrying out the work, the root zone of the shrub should be poured abundantly with water.

Instead of dry ash, you can use its infusion. To do this, fill half a bucket of ash to the top with water and let it brew for at least 3 days. Then the resulting concentrate is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10. Under each adult bush, 10 liters of this liquid composition, under the young - half the norm.

Caring for currants after feeding

After top dressing in the spring, it is very important to trace how the plant has changed, to see the result of the work done. Often, instead of the desired effect, the shrub begins to wither, this is the result of an incorrect dosage of fertilizer. To avoid this, you must follow the following rules:

• Do not exceed the indicated doses and concentrations.
• Contact of liquid root dressings with exposed parts of the plant should be avoided to avoid burns.
• All root dressings are applied only on pre-moistened soil.
• Foliar top dressing by spraying the bush should be carried out only in cloudy weather or after sunset.

If any disease is detected, measures must first be taken to cure the plant. Then, when observing positive dynamics, top dressing can be resumed, but in a smaller volume.

Important! Usually they feed currants 1 time in 2 years. If top dressing was carried out in the fall, then in the spring they do not apply fertilizers for currants.

Conclusion

Fertilizing currants in the spring is very important for a good harvest, since this shrub very intensively absorbs everything necessary for its growth from the soil. Therefore, a couple of years after planting a bush, the soil under it may well be very depleted, which will certainly affect the yield. But it is quite easy to make up for the missing food. Even a small top dressing of currant bushes in the spring will definitely have a positive effect on the number of berries, and regular application of minerals and organic matter will save high yield long years.