When to feed the trees with ashes. Wood ash as a fertilizer: mineral composition and methods of application to the soil. What plants can be fertilized with ash

The main task of the gardener is to get good harvest without harming plants or your health. Usage natural remedies care of plants is welcomed by all professionals and lovers of horticultural art. This approach has a double benefit. Plants take up nutrients better and, thanks to the wise use of waste, the site is always in order.

Ash is considered a worthy helper for growing and feeding. different cultures. It is formed during the combustion of plant materials, consists of a mixture of non-combustible mineral salts. Chemical composition substrate is quite complex. Among the significant components, the presence of calcium, potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus should be noted. No less useful are the other minerals contained in the ash - silicon, manganese, iron. Finds application as limy, and potash-phosphorus fertilizer.

Depending on the combusted raw materials, the percentage and quantitative composition of the components differs markedly. Birch gives ash rich in phosphorus, potassium, calcium. Potato tops after burning give more than 20% of potassium, more than 30% of lime and phosphorus. When burning peat, the most valuable type of ash is obtained.

It should be noted the absence of nitrogen and chlorine in it. If nitrogen can be compensated by other types of fertilizers, then due to a deficiency of chlorine, Negative influence for the development of many plants. Ash is primarily valued for its deoxidizing properties due to its high calcium content. Introduced into the soil, it contributes to its deoxidation (deoxidation) and inhibition of the development of pathogenic microorganisms. Helps to cope with some types of pests.

Using ashes in the garden

Use the ash garden work can be quite extensive. It is undesirable to mix ash with any kind of fresh manure, ammonium sulfate, lime. It can be used in combination only with rotted humus or peat (1: 2). This is due to the ability of calcium compounds in the ash to absorb valuable nitrogen. The main uses of ash:

How to improve productivity?

We are constantly getting letters in which amateur gardeners are worried that due to the cold summer this year, a poor harvest of potatoes, tomatoes, cucumbers, and other vegetables. Last year we published TIPS about this. But unfortunately, many did not listen, but some still applied. Here is a report from our reader, we want to advise plant growth biostimulantswhich will help increase the yield by up to 50-70%.

The pieces must be broken, a mixed sample and a small sub-sample taken and air dried before submitting the sample to an accredited laboratory for analysis. Moisture samples can be sent directly to the laboratory with short travel times. The lab staff will dry these samples before analysis. It is also necessary to obtain samples from depths of 6 to 12 inches and 12 to 24 inches to help identify other crop production restrictions.

What plants can be fertilized with ash

Soil analysis. When samples are submitted for lime requirement, analysis should be carried out using the incubation method. The lime requirement is converted to an ash recommendation by the following calculation. If recommendations are made in metric measure, appropriate adjustments should be made if imperative measures are the preferred units.

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It is convenient and economical to use such fertilizer in the garden, so you should know some rules.

We use natural fertilizer wisely

by the most in a simple way to feed the plants is the introduction of wood ash when planting. It is best when a dry substrate (no more than 10 grams) is mixed with humus or soil and added to each well. There are some subtleties wood fertilizer. For example, potatoes will respond gratefully to the dusting of tubers before planting.

The optimal consumption is 1 kilogram of substrate per 35 kg of potatoes. The next application is done during hilling. The first time you need to add two tablespoons of ash, the second - half as much.

Cucumber, zucchini, patisson require the addition of a substrate for digging, then up to two tablespoons per hole when planting and top dressing in the middle of the growing season (200 grams per square meter area). Fertilizer must be embedded in the ground (top layer), then watered.

Pepper, tomato, eggplant - we add 500 grams for digging per square meter and four tablespoons of ash when planting.

Cabbage need up to two glasses per square meter for digging and three spoons per hole.

When three true leaves are formed, dusting should be carried out. To do this, prepare a mixture of ash with tobacco dust (1: 1). The procedure will save the culture from the cabbage fly and cruciferous flea.

Onion, winter garlic they are fed during autumn digging (two glasses per square meter), and in spring - one glass of substrate is embedded in the soil.

Legumes, lettuce, radishes, dill must be sown in the soil already dug up with ash. Take one glass of ash per square meter.

Landing vegetable crops mandatory application of natural fertilizers is recommended. In the future, you can take the infusion of the substrate. It is not at all difficult to cook it. For one glass of ash, you need to take a bucket of water and insist for a day, then use it for irrigation. A bucket of infusion is distributed over one to two square meters.

Regular addition of ash fertilizer will improve nutrition, provide good resistance to disease and weather troubles.

We fertilize flowers and houseplants

Worthy application finds ash in the care of roses. First, the soil is prepared before planting - fertilizer is applied when digging the earth. When the roses overwinter, start the main top dressing. Now you can, along with organic fertilizers use infusion of ash.

For root dressing with ashes, you need to take 100 grams of ash per bucket of water (10 liters). Foliar requires doubling the concentration (200 grams of ash). Top dressing is carried out in the evening to avoid sunburn. When spraying, the infusion must be stirred periodically to prevent precipitation of phosphorus.

Garden flowers are fertilized with ash throughout the season. They are applied to the soil before watering or watered with infusion. The effect is immediately noticeable in terms of color intensity, size and increased resistance to diseases. The most grateful consumers are irises, lilies, tulips.

Indoor flowers can also be fed with ashes. Most often:

• when dividing, the fleshy sections of the rhizomes are sprinkled when the flowers are planted;
• added to the soil when transplanting geraniums, cyclamen, fuchsia (two tablespoons per liter);
• mixed with used tea leaves and put into pots.

To always have valuable fertilizer on hand, do not store it outdoors. The substrate is used only dry. Plants that receive enough nutrients will enjoy a high yield.

Features for the use of ash

And a little about the secrets of the Author

Have you ever experienced unbearable joint pain? And you know firsthand what it is:

• inability to move easily and comfortably;
• discomfort when going up and down stairs;

Article content

Without a doubt, ash residues are the oldest type of fertilizer offered to the once observant farmers by nature itself. After all, blackened forest and steppe conflagrations by spring are invariably covered with lush greenery of grasses, seeds that have fallen from trees rush to hatch behind them. On the incinerated earth, after the first rains, all living things start growing together. In this sense, only natural forest compost from fallen leaves and twigs can compete on equal terms with the fertile product of fire.

Good old wood ash as a fertilizer will easily and naturally replace any artificial potash-phosphorus mixture with the same natural ingredients. In her high content calcium. There is a rich palette of trace elements: magnesium, molybdenum, sulfur, copper, boron, iron. Has almost everything you need cultivated plants, only nitrogen is missing. This is the uniqueness of ash as a fertilizer.

This natural product is especially valuable due to the complete absence of harmful chlorine.

Leave to rest on the shelves garden centers branded mineral mixtures created in chemical plants. Agricultural technologies of the Stone Age in this case are not a vector of regression. Today, in the 21st century, the use of ash as a fertilizer is again widely practiced. This grandfather technology now respectfully referred to as organic farming.

Invisible differences

It's interesting that Full description The composition of the ashen remains was once compiled by an inquisitive young scientist Dmitry Mendeleev. It was he who determined that organic substances, when burned, form very different compositions of microelements. For example, incinerated clover and the ashes of burnt oak firewood differ greatly in their structural content.

Agronomists use this work of the great scientist to this day.

Further research on the verge organic chemistry and botanists sorted out the information - how to fertilize with ash, which plants are most useful for one or another type of it, and which plants do not accept it at all. Ash top dressing can be harmful to them.

firewood used in stoves, fireplaces, barbecues; green and dry vegetation (weeds, shrubs, cut grass, leaves).

It is this treat that will be loved not only by garden plantings, but also by fruit trees.

The product richest in trace elements is from burnt vines of grapes, quinoa, sunflowers. Such ash as fertilizer is most accessible to the roots that seek food. It has a unique structure resembling the smallest dust.

In the product left on the fire after the burning of willow, pine, poplar, potassium is several times less than in the ashes from the wood of fruit trees.

The ashes of the burnt hard coal also rich in potassium, phosphorus and calcium. Some people consider these oven products useless and even capable of causing harm. This is an incorrect judgment. After all, coal ash is not so poor. It is dominated by silicon oxides. It is good to use it as a nutritional and loosening additive in heavy soils, in which there is a lot of dense clay.

For some plants, wood ash as a complete top dressing may not be enough. For example, raspberries also require nitrogen.

Recipe for ash dressings




Here is a recipe for top dressings of some common on summer cottages plants:

Potato

When planting: one glass per tuber hole. You don't need to mix. Just put the material on the ashy base and bury it.

Two weeks later, when hilling, apply 2 kg per 1 sq. m. It is useful to repeat the procedure in a month. Powder the leaves after every rain.

What is the result? Great benefit:

the colorados will perish or the damage caused by beetles will be minimal; potatoes will add several record kilograms per bush to the harvest; there will be a lot of starch in the tubers.

Tomatoes and cucumbers

Preplant processing. A couple of weeks before planting seedlings, loosen the beds, dig holes. In each, add half a glass of fertilizer, mix with the ground, pour. If the soil is heavy, add a glass of sand.

Surface dressing. During the period of growth of the bushes, regularly free the root space from weeds. Once a month, top dressing with ash is necessary (half a glass per bush). Loosen carefully (the roots are superficial), water the powder.

Root watering. Prepare a solution of ashes and water (1:1). Leave the container in a sunny place in the garden, leave for two weeks. Then water the tomatoes and cucumbers under the root in the evening. Dilute the concentrate warm water(1:10). After "vitamin" watering, cover the beds with mulch from mowed grass.

Onion

Powder the furrow for the seedling generously. Young bulbs love ashes. Arrange the onions - seedlings, water and sprinkle with earth 2-3 cm.

Peas, beans

It's a good idea to use the ashes as fertilizer for legumes. They love ash top dressing and respond gratefully to them. When planting seeds, add 100-150 g of ash to the holes, mix with the ground, water, mulch. In a few days, friendly shoots will appear. For climbing varieties, install supports immediately so as not to tear the roots later.

Grape

Grapes are a child of the sun and ashes. The best varieties grow on the slopes of dormant volcanoes, covered with a multi-meter ash layer formed by ancient eruptions. Feel free to add this substance and you (on a well-developed bush - three kilos).

This method is universal. Its use is not limited to the full nutrition of plantations. The soil becomes friable, unwanted fungi and other bacterial living creatures are oppressed. And yet - the resistance of plantings to frost and disease is noticeably increased.

Gardeners and gardeners use the ashes and how effective tool plant pest control.

What is the soil like in your area?

Any fertilizer serves, first of all, to enrich and structurally change the depleted soil, from which root system draws the necessary substances.

Therefore, for a competent, conscious process of enriching the earth with ash, it is necessary to determine what kind of soil in your garden and under garden trees, "like" whether it is one or another plant. In various soils, ash fertilizer lasts from two to four years.

You can carry out a fairly accurate analysis yourself, without resorting to the services of specialists.

Koloboks, sausages and rings

Sandy and peaty soils are light, crumbly. They are easy to identify by touch and by eye.

Here is an easy way to identify other common soil structures.

Moisten the lump of earth, form a ball. Then, in your palms, roll the bun into a thin sausage (about the thickness of a pencil or even thinner). Try rolling it into a ring. Now compare with the list - the determinant. The brackets indicate what your soil needs:

Sandy loam. The gingerbread man turned out, but the sausage fell apart. Root crops develop well, ground vegetables - poorly. (Enrich with peat, clay, compost).

Loam. The sausage rolls into a ring, but it is covered with cracks. This soil is from the category of heavy, it is quite productive, but requires constant replenishment with organic matter. (Add compost, coarse sand, coal ash, peat, humus).

Alumina. The ring rolled up without cracks. The substance is dense, heavy. Water and air do not penetrate well to the roots. Root crops develop poorly, grow small. (Dig up regularly, add sand, peat, ash, other organic matter, cover with mulch).

Acidity

Few garden and garden plants(cranberry, sorrel, turnip, radish, decorative heather, boxwood) develop well on acidic soils. Most vegetables are contraindicated. For example, cabbage under such conditions will certainly get sick with clubroot. Knowing how to use the ash can effectively reduce acidity. Peat ash is especially good for these purposes. It is rich in lime, perfectly deoxidizes and alkalizes the soil. But there is little potassium in it.

There are clear rules for the introduction of wood ash.

If the site has heavy soil, it is brought in in the fall, for digging. If it is light, work is carried out in the spring so that snow and rain do not carry away trace elements into porous layers that lie below the near-surface root system of most vegetable crops.

Ash additives are often added when digging a garden. But it is better to fill them in already formed beds or holes for seedlings. In this case, the components must be thoroughly mixed with the ground.

These wonderful additives are suitable for all types of soil and for all types of vegetable and berry crops. But their overabundance can be harmful, follow the recommended proportions. Plants love moderation.

Beware, dangerous poison!

Some summer residents are too lazy to take out the garbage and burn it right on the plots. Into the fire are sent plastic bottles, foam packaging, plastic bags, construction and household waste. They also put cardboard and newspapers there - so that it burns better.

This barbaric practice not only poisons you and your neighbors with highly toxic smoke. Combustion products contain extremely dangerous substances - carcinogens. Once in the lungs, they are quite capable of provoking cancer.

Carcinogenic compounds at a relatively low temperature of the fire flame are not destroyed, but only multiply when heated. There is no need to talk about useful substances in the burnt remains of garbage.

Of course, nothing can be “fertilized” with such poison. It will cause irreparable damage to the crop.

How to prepare and store




Carefully collect the contents of the ash pan or fireplace insert and store in a dry place with a draft. Moisture deprives valuable food for garden residents of many trace elements: they are either destroyed or washed out.

Use waterproof bags for storage. It is convenient to use large plastic water bottles with screw caps for storage.

Ashes for the garden are collected and stored separately: wood, grass, straw, grape, peat. It is useful to sign each package used, indicating the origin and composition of the ash.

A specially built brick hearth for burning wood residues will regularly replenish stocks. You can adapt an iron barrel for a capacious "potbelly stove".

Avoid burning firewood affected by fungus, mold. In general, it is better not to use low-quality wood. In the city, dried tree branches are often cut down, but they should not be collected either: such firewood is thoroughly saturated with toxic exhaust from car engines.

Weight and volume

Finally, for the convenience of gardeners, we present some useful metric data. They will come in handy if you need to more accurately measure the amount (weight or volume) of an ingredient to “nourish” tender seedlings or create a complex fertilizer with your own hands.

So, how much dry ash is contained in common improvised measures:

in one tablespoon with top - 7 grams; in 250 grams glass beaker- 100g; in a half-liter jar - 250 grams; in a liter container - exactly half a kilo.

The use of ash as a fertilizer for large areas is conveniently planned in buckets. But now it is very different in terms of capacity.

Weigh the selected empty bucket on the steelyard, and then fill it and weigh it again. Subtract the first number from the second. The result is the weight of the contents of your bucket. Now the ash fertilizer will be accurate and verified.