Is it possible to cultivate the earth with lime. Ways to use fluff (slaked lime) in the garden and garden. Why are acidic soils unfavorable for plants?

After the harvest of vegetables and fruits is harvested, it is necessary to take care of the condition of the soil in the summer cottage or land. Competent gardening increases fertility, helps fight a variety of diseases, weeds and pests. The lack of calcareous substances in acidic soil leads to a decrease in the amount of useful chemical elements, and also worsens their absorption by plants and trees. Liming with the use of special lime fertilizers not only improves the quality of the nutrient medium, but also makes plants immune to pathogens and insects.

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What is a process?

Soil liming is the reclamation of acidic arable layers, which is necessary for the assimilation of fertilizers by plants, soil formation and fertility. The following mineral elements are used as fertilizers:

limestone;
dolomite;
calcite;
slaked lime;
waste from sugar production.

The liming procedure includes the replacement of hydrogen and aluminum ions in the absorbing soil complex (SPC) with chemical compounds of magnesium or calcium, which are part of fertilizers.

Which land requires lime?

Before proceeding with liming the soil on the site, it is necessary to determine the level of its acidity. Indeed, to achieve the desired result, the correct calculation of the ratio of fertilizer to the volume of the cultivated soil complex is required. It is best if the need is identified during special agrochemical analyzes, on the basis of which it will be possible to establish accurate indicators of soil acidity and the presence of humus in it.

The following types of soil require the most processing:

forest gray;
red earth;
swamp peat;
sod-podzolic.

Acidic soils have a characteristic whitish hue. During digging, it will be noticeable not only on the surface of the earth, but also on the inner layers. It should be borne in mind that the soil can be acidic only in certain places, and not in the entire area. If plants such as horsetail, mint, heather, sorrel, plantain grow on backyard acres, then most likely the soil will be acidic.

Determination of acidity level

Elevated soil pH levels are easy to recognize using indicator paper sold in stores that sell seeds and fertilizers. The set includes filter paper in the form of strips impregnated with a specific mixture. For a more accurate result, sampling is carried out at different depths and in several places.

You need to take some earth, put it in the middle of clean gauze. The ends of the gauze are tightly tied and lowered into distilled water. The ratio of water and soil is 1 teaspoon of soil per 5 teaspoons of water. After 5 minutes, the indicator strip is lowered into the resulting solution for 3 seconds. You can just drop a dark liquid on the paper. Next, compare the resulting color with the scale indicated on the back of the package. Soil pH values:

3–4 - strongly acidic;
4–5 - sour;
5–6 - slightly acidic;
7 - neutral;
8–9 - strongly alkaline.

Based on the test result, ameliorants are used - agents that improve the fertility of acidic soils. The main purpose of liming is to reduce the acidity of the arable layer, thus creating optimal conditions for the normal growth of green spaces.

Features of fertilization in the soil complex

The amount of lime fertilizer intended for the treatment of acidic soil is calculated according to some factors:

1. Soil acidity and its composition.
2. The period between the previous and subsequent fertilization.
3. Varieties of mineral dressings and the depth of their application.

The most common chemical fertilizer is ground limestone. Fluff lime, ground dolomite, lake lime, dolomite flour have similar properties. Usually, the earth is limed to a depth of 20 cm. However, applying in an insufficient volume provides for a decrease in this value to 4–6 cm.

It is advisable to carry out the liming procedure no more than 1 time in 5 years. The best period for increasing the fertility of the arable layer is autumn and spring. The applied fertilizer changes the structure and acidity level of the soil, however, after 5–6 years, all parameters return to the original result. For this reason, liming is carried out with a certain regularity.

Calcareous soils and fertilizer complexes with different combinations of useful components have a beneficial effect on the development of plants and trees. Since strongly acidic soils contain a small amount of magnesium, it is better to use fertilizers that include this element for the procedure.

The effect of fertilizer application will be more pronounced if it is combined with organic and chemical compounds such as manure, potash fertilizers, boron complexes, superphosphates.

Basic rules for autumn

Autumn liming requires preliminary preparation of lime. Fluff lime, marl, slaked lime are suitable for lowering the acidity of the substrate. The optimal period for the introduction of useful elements is the end of summer or early autumn. At this time, work is underway to prepare the site for the winter cold.

In addition, the processing of the arable layer in the fall has a number of advantages. Firstly, the indicators of the physical and chemical composition of the soil on the plot are improving. Secondly, it allows the soil to more actively absorb the nutrient mixture. In addition, liming the soil in early autumn improves the biological qualities of the substrate.

Before introducing nutrients to the site, you need to find out how rich the earth is with lime deposits. If the pH is below 4-5, then the site needs liming. A value in the range of 5–6 suggests moderate fertilization. A value above this level indicates an alkaline environment, so it does not need to be fertilized.

The use of fluff lime in the garden protects plants from diseases and pests. In addition, fluff is used as a top dressing. The composition of the product includes chalk, processed limestone, carbonate elements. In appearance, it is a white powdery substance that dissolves well in water. For humans, lime fluff is completely safe, since it belongs to organic substances.

You can also make fluff at home. To do this, you need lime powder and cold water. The components are mixed in the proportions indicated on the package, and then left for a few minutes. At this time, a chemical reaction occurs, as a result of which the lime begins to melt and transform into a state that is safe for plants and trees.

Then the slaked mixture is mixed with the ground. Fertilizer is evenly distributed throughout the site, loosen and carefully dig up the ground, embedding the mixture 20 cm deep. In this case, you should adhere to the established rules and regulations:

1. Clay and heavy substrate will require 500-750 g/m2.
2. Alumina, light soil, loam - 400–600 g/m2.
3. Light soil with a high content of sand - 250–450 g/m2.

An overdose of nutrients has a detrimental effect on plants. The alkaline environment does not allow them to fully absorb all macronutrients and microelements, including calcium.

spring procedure

In order to harvest a rich harvest, it is important to increase the nutritional qualities of the soil in a timely manner, for which soil liming is carried out. Usually this procedure is performed in the autumn. However, if for some reason this could not be done, you can fertilize the soil in the spring, but no later than 3-4 weeks before the start of sowing.

Spring liming involves the introduction of a moderate amount of fertilizer. At the same time, the calculation should be such that useful substances are enough for several years to come. Such deoxidation is considered more effective, so it is often used by experienced gardeners. In this case, the depth to which lime is required for the garden should not exceed 4–6 cm.

The calculation of the amount of fertilizer is based on the mechanical composition of the soil, the level of its acidity and the depth of application of lime top dressing. For a slightly acidic environment, 300 grams per square meter is enough. meter. More acidic soil means an increase in this indicator.

Since lime slowly dissolves in the ground, it is added before the first loosening of the arable layer and before the introduction of organic matter with chemical fertilizers. The effect of the procedure will be noticeable after 2-3 years.

Conclusion on the topic

During the main liming of the soil, full doses of active ingredients are used to raise the pH level to a normal value. Re-treatment with lime helps to maintain an optimal indicator of the reaction of the environment on the site and prevent the destruction of the fertile layer. The frequency of each subsequent application depends on the crop rotation and on the initial dose of liming. The introduction of half doses, as well as the frequent use of mineral complexes, increase the acidity of the soil.

Timely liming will allow you to collect a generous and environmentally friendly crop of crops. More detailed information is discussed in the book by Viktor Barsukov "Soils - their types, properties, classification, improvement, liming".

The need to use fluff (slaked lime) in the garden is explained not only by the fact that it increases the fertility of the soil, it is also an excellent tool for combating pests, infections and weeds

Lime is a substance that is obtained by burning carbonate rock. An example is chalk, limestone. As for slaked lime, it is calcium hydroxide. The product is an alkaline agent, it looks like a whitish powder, which is poorly soluble in liquid. In the people, this powder is called fluff. The product can be quenched by mixing the calcium oxide compound with water.

Quicklime type is obtained by heat treatment of the same material. It's calcium oxide. It looks like a material in the form of granules. When touched, you feel warmth from the product.

Quicklime for the garden is practically not used. But the product is used to create some types of bricks, various refractory materials and in other areas.

The main difference between slaked and quicklime is the formula of the substances. The first is calcium hydroxide and the other is an oxide of the same element.
The first substance reacts weakly with water, and the second is converted into slaked lime and generates heat. The release form is also different: the first component is a powder, and the second is granules. As for the common between the two products, slaked lime is obtained by mixing water with quicklime.

Useful properties of fluff for the garden and vegetable garden

Fluffy has the following useful properties:

protects plants from diseases;
increases the adaptive properties of plants, helping to counteract various harmful factors;
improves crop nutrition;
retains nitrogen in the soil;
accelerates the dissolution of various substances in the liquid;
accelerates the expansion of the root system of the plant;
promotes faster decomposition of organic compounds.

Thanks to the fluff, it turns out to stabilize the upper layer of the soil and improve its chemical composition. In addition, the impact of toxic metals is leveled.

How to use fluff for the garden and garden?

There are the following main ways to use fluff:

use with other fertilizers;
as a weed and pest control agent.

Pushonka not only treats trees and large shrubs from pests, but also fertilizes the soil to increase soil fertility, as well as reduce its acidity.

When using fluff in the garden, you need to remember the following nuances:

About the time of application of fertilizer. If the soil has not been exploited too much, then it is enough to carry out liming of the garden every 4 years. Otherwise, every 3 years.
It is forbidden to use in parallel with humus.
Recommended for use on heavy ground.
Cannot be stored indoors, because. when reacting with water, it will begin to heat up and evaporate, thereby harming the human body.
It is allowed to use in parallel with wood ash, especially for the treatment of plants that do not react well to chlorine.

Soil deoxidation with slaked lime: when and why is it done?

Soil deoxidation (liming) is a process to improve the quality and structure of acidic soils. It is carried out by applying fertilizers that contain a large amount of calcium. This includes fluff.

This is required for the correct process of soil formation, increasing yields, and improving the access of nutrients for plants.
Soil acidification in the garden indicates that calcium is being displaced by hydrogen ions. The deficiency of the mineral is replenished just due to liming. The procedure improves the metabolic processes between plant cells, saturates the soil with magnesium and other useful substances, promotes loosening of the earth, and improves air exchange in it.

It is required to alkalize the soil with the help of fluff if you plan to plant such crops in the garden as: cabbage, carrots, garlic, onions, beets, spinach, celery, alfalfa. They will not give a good harvest if the soil is acidic. They will not be able to fully develop in such a site. This also applies to some colors.

Cucumbers, grapes, corn, cereals, legumes, sunflowers, lettuce require neutral soil, but fluff will not harm them.

For fruit and berry crops, the acidity should be as follows:

pears and apple trees - up to 6.5%;
plums - up to 7%;
raspberries, gooseberries, blackberries - up to 5.5%;
currant - up to 6%;
strawberries - up to 5.2%.

If there are deviations from such indicators, then it is required to deoxidize the soil in the garden.

Liming is not always necessary. There are crops that tolerate mild acidification of the soil well. These include: tomatoes, pumpkin, sorrel, radish, turnip, potatoes, beans.

Fluff is supposed to be applied during plowing in the fall. After that, mix with the soil to activate the action. If the garden area is small, then the powder must be scattered by hand and immediately mixed with the soil.
Fertilizer needs to be applied gradually. The algorithm of actions is as follows:

Initial entry. First you need to determine the exact level of acidity. The deoxidation procedure is carried out in parallel with digging. The main addition of fluff is usually done once every 3-4 years.
Re-adding. This is required if the level of acidification of different areas in the garden is different. The procedure is carried out dosed and only on the necessary areas. Particular attention should be paid to those plants that are most affected by a decrease in the level of calcium in the soil.

For 1 sq.m. acidic lands require up to 650 g of fluff. If the soil is moderately acidic - 520 g, and if not too acidic - 450 g. A 10-liter container can hold 25 kg of fluff. The composition must be distributed as evenly as possible.

Use with other fertilizers

If you plan to use fluff along with other compounds, then you need to take into account some features:

you can not make mixes with crushed chalk, dolomite flour, marl;
it is allowed to mix with ground limestone (organic calcium type).

To the question of what is better for a garden or fluff, you can give the following answer. If we compare the calcium content, then in fluff it is 8% less than in dolomite flour.

As for magnesium, fluff does not contain such an element, but in dolomite flour its specific gravity is 40%. Thanks to this compound, photosynthesis occurs.

Fluff acts faster than dolomite flour, but after its use, plants more difficult to absorb phosphorus. The only advantage of fluff, compared to dolomite flour, is its lower cost.

Using fluff to control weeds and pests

Fluffy is a good tool for pest and weed control. But it is used in the event that the garden has excessively acidic soil. Then such a plant grows on it,. It quickly takes root and grows, so it is almost impossible to weed out.

But for a weed, you can create inappropriate conditions. To do this, during the fall, during the digging of the soil, it is required to add fluff to it. It will take 190 g of lime per 1 sq.m. Reducing the level of acidity provokes the disappearance of weeds. And this applies not only to wood lice, but also horsetail, wheatgrass.

Fluff is used against

In order to get a good harvest in the garden or in the garden, it is necessary not only to sow seeds and plant seedlings or seedlings, but also to provide the soil with proper care. To do this, many gardeners and gardeners resort to the help of chemicals. One of these means is fluff lime. In the garden, there are many reasons to use this chemical.

Varieties and their uses

The use of fluffy lime in vegetable gardens and orchards is due to the fact that their owners prefer natural farming, so they use substances of organic origin (calcium lime). It is divided into two types:

Quicklime;
Hasted.

Both of these species are safe for plants and humans, subject to application rates and proper use. Calcium lime is used as a food additive (E-529). Pushonka is a white powder that dissolves in water, a product of the processing of chalk, limestone and other minerals of the carbonate group. The main rock-forming elements are dolomite and calcite.

The use of quicklime

It is used in the garden, in horticulture, in construction, in the country.

The main hydraulic qualities are due to the number of silicates and calcium aluminoferite crystals, which is determined by the rounded shape of a yellow, brown or black hue. Based on these characteristics, several varieties of lime can be distinguished:

Due to changes in the structure, chemical composition and properties of metal alloys, lime is used as a cleaning agent.

Many people have stopped using the chemical, even in building houses, because quicklime picks up moisture. In the chemical industry, lime is used in the synthesis of organic compounds. You can work with it in cold weather, because when it is extinguished, enough heat is generated, and the temperature does not drop.

It cannot be used for processing any device that heats the building, as liquefied carbon dioxide is formed.

What is slaked lime

Fluff - this is slaked lime, which can be obtained at home using ordinary quicklime. The quenching process is a reaction of the interaction of lime powder and water, the duration of which is several minutes. During the reaction, a kind of "melting" of the substance occurs - it is converted into a form that is more convenient for use and safer for plants. In this case, the following should be taken into account: to extinguish lime, hot water cannot be used, since high temperature neutralizes the beneficial properties of the product.

Milk of lime is made from freshly slaked lime, which is used as a disinfectant.

Application in the garden and horticulture

Plants are treated with this substance from pests, in addition, it is a top dressing for the soil. It is added in crushed form in the manufacture of animal feed. Lime fertilizers have long been used in agriculture to improve soil fertility and to reduce the percentage of acidity. There are hard lime fertilizers and soft ones. Rigid, such as limestone, chalk, are burned or ground before being introduced into the ground. Soft ones are more effective because they do not need to be pre-treated.

It is necessary to lime the soil in compliance with the following terms:

On land that has not been heavily exploited, the procedure is carried out once every four years;
On a site subjected to intensive exploitation - once every three years.

When using slaked lime in the garden, you must follow the basic principles:

You can not make lime along with humus;
It is rational to apply on heavy soil;
Do not store the substance indoors, as when combined with water, the lime may warm up. Volatiles occur that harm the human body;
Can be used with wood ash and sulfuric acid. This option is chlorine-free and therefore it is good for them to fertilize plants that do not respond well to chlorine.

The use of lime in horticulture allows you to normalize the top cover of the soil and improves its chemical composition. Eliminates the influence of toxic metals.

Many gardeners know that some plants cannot tolerate too much calcium, although calcium is the main source of root growth and is very important in early development. Its main advantages:

Use in the country

The use of slaked lime in the country:

A very alkaline soil reduces the absorption of many required micronutrients, including calcium. The poor quality of liming is associated with the addition of lime to the soil along with humus. Such combinations cannot dissolve. Therefore garden crops do not receive nutrients, as a result, there is no crop.

Soil deoxidation

For, to determine the degree of "sourness" of the beds you need to pay attention to some signs that indicate a change in the chemical composition of the earth:

Green moss appears on the edges of the earth;
Horsetail and wormwood, clover, wild rosemary, heather, sorrel, white-bearded, creeping buttercup grow.

Besides, acidity indicator are the ash layer that appeared on the surface, crop failure of beets, wheat.

If at least one of these signs appears on the land plot, this means that it is necessary to apply a deoxidizer here. It will be correct in this case to use fluffy lime. It is necessary to deacidify the soil using the appropriate dosages.

Acidic soil leads to the appearance of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. And beneficial microorganisms, in turn, are present in small quantities in an acidic environment. Acidic soil is a habitat for many weeds. Cultivars rarely take root in such conditions, as their root system develops poorly, which often leads to immediate plant death.

An elevated pH indicates an increase in the level of hydrogen ions in the earth. When fertilizers are applied, a reaction with hydrogen occurs, which changes their composition and thereby makes them useless for plants. Conducting soil deoxidation in autumn or spring can reduce the level of manganese and aluminum. Thus, all useful trace elements will be presented in the required amount.

In order to check the level of acidity in the soil, you need to use paper indicators. They are purchased in specialized stores.

You can also deoxidize the soil with the help of ash and dolomite flour.

Applying fertilizer to the soil

Lime is applied in autumn or spring, the earth is dug up before that. In this case, the substance eventually penetrates into the soil along with rain.

It is preferable to dig the soil in the fall. This should be done immediately after harvest. Fertilizers are evenly scattered over the site. The main processing is done to a depth of 22-30 centimeters, for perennial vegetables - 35-40 centimeters. Areas where plowing has been shallow require digging up the podzol (subsoil) and simultaneous introduction of lime together with organic fertilizers:

When digging, the upper fertile layer is removed, and the subsoil is loosened to a depth of about two centimeters;
Then lime must be added there;
The loosened layer is mixed with fertile soil;
Organics are introduced - 8-10 kilograms per 1 sq. m;
The furrow is sprinkled with the top layer of earth.

If you annually loosen and fertilize, then the arable fertile layer will increase.

During work, you must adhere to the rules for working with chemicals. If suddenly lime gets on the mucous membrane, you should immediately consult a doctor. After work, be sure to wash your hands and face.

Lime should not be used with compost, as this may cause a chemical reaction. Liming of acidic soils in the recommended doses favorably affects the increase in the population of earthworms, which multiply very slowly in oxidized soils.

In order to increase the yield, it is necessary to comply with the norms for applying liming to the soil. In autumn, the following dosages are established:

For heavy clay soils: 450-800 g/sq. m;
For light soils, loam, alumina: 350-600 g/sq. m;
For the lightest, sandy soils: 250-500 g/sq. m.

Wood ash and gypsum as substitutes

Very beneficial effect on the soil. It reduces soil subacidity and is a significant potash fertilizer. However, it will have to be applied in larger doses than other options.

To normalize the acidity of the soil in the garden plot, gardeners often change quicklime to gypsum. Such activities are not correct, since gypsum does not reduce subacidity. It is used only in salted soils to improve them, because it crystallizes excess sulfate.

How often you need to use horticultural lime depends on the type of fertilizer being applied. When they are mineral, liming should be done more often. And the use of natural supplements helps to naturally maintain the acid-base balance. It follows from this that if you systematically supply the soil with organic matter, then it will not be necessary to treat it with a chemical. It should also be borne in mind that not many vegetables like lime treatment.

Use in construction

Quicklime used to be widely used in construction. At one time, lime cement was produced from it, which instantly hardened in the open air when carbon dioxide was absorbed. Today, lime is not often used in construction, as it absorbs a lot of water. Because of this, moisture accumulates inside the walls and leads to the growth of bacteria and mold.

Do not use this chemical on ovens. When exposed to flame and high temperatures, this element releases toxic carbonic anhydride.

Lime mortar has two key types: air - used for ground construction work; hydraulic - for the preparation of special building mixtures. Most of all it is used in the construction of bridges.

Work safety

When working with a dry substance, it is necessary to avoid inhalation and contact with mucous membranes. You need to constantly ventilate the room. And it is best to work outdoors. If these requirements are not feasible, protective dressings, gloves and special masks must be used.

The substance must be stored in an airtight container, as it readily absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and forms calcium carbonate.

Chemical poisoning

Intoxication occurs as follows:

Incorrect use of chemicals can lead to detrimental effects. Before work is carried out, it is necessary to read the instructions for the use of the substance indicated on the package.

Attention, only TODAY!

Everyone knows about the need to apply fertilizers to beds and fields, but not everyone thinks about how cultivated plants will absorb nutrients. The availability of nitrogen and phosphorus for the roots largely depends on the acidity of the environment. To bring it to standard indicators, they use such an agrotechnical technique as liming the soil. This procedure seems to many not entirely clear, so it is worth justifying it.

Acids and alkalis in the soil

The difference between these two classes of compounds is the presence of hydrogen or a hydroxo group. H⁺ ions form acids, and OH⁻ - alkalis. The elements that are closer to the right side of the periodic table are more prone to the formation of the former, and the metals clinging to the left edge of the periodic system gravitate to the latter. Those elements that lie between them are called amphoteric. They can form both acids and alkalis.

Among the acids are well-known sulfuric H₂SO₄, nitric HNO₃, hydrochloric HCl, acetic CH₃COOH, hydrocyanic HCN and others. Alkalis - KOH, NaOH, Ca (OH)₂. Aluminum can participate in the creation of alkali Al (OH) ₃, but salts are widely used in industry, where this metal is part of the acid residue. They are called aluminates. For example, sodium aluminate has the formula NaAlO₂.

Hydrogen indicator

After adding additives to the ground, it must be dug up. During the winter, lime will react with the acids contained in the earth, and the reaction of calcareous soil will become neutral or completely slightly acidic. When applied in the spring, you can burn the roots with alkali. If the deadline is missed, it is better to use dolomite or chalk - they are less aggressive. They are more appropriate in sandy environments. Lime is useful in the abundance of clays and loams. Liming the soil with quicklime or magnesium oxide requires slaking with water before application. This is an exothermic process. It is not necessary to carry out it immediately before planting vegetables.

The frequency of liming depends on the nature of the soil in the region and on the site. For example, in wetlands, on the site of peatlands, this is done once every three years, and on heavy soils, the next treatment can be carried out once every 7 years. With a large amount of precipitation, this interval decreases.

Breeders have bred varieties of tomatoes adapted to a short summer, but in order to grow this vegetable in risky farming areas, some effort must be made. Tomatoes require sunlight, warmth, watering, pinching, fertile or fertilized soils. The acidity of the soil plays an important role in the cultivation of this vegetable.

Why lime the soil

Soils are subjected to liming in cases where plants are not suitable for excessive. Tomatoes need a pH of 6 to 6.8 for comfortable growth. Distilled water has such indications. This means that for the roots to fully assimilate nutrients from the earth, tomatoes need a soil with a neutral pH. Liming is carried out to bind an excess amount of hydrogen ions in the soil with hydroxyl groups contained in the lime compositions. A neutralization reaction occurs with the formation of water and salt.

Attention!

Excessive liming should also be avoided to prevent soil contamination.

What soils require liming

Need to lower the pH value of the soil with an acidity reading below 5-5.5. Although there are lovers to grow in such conditions, especially flowers. Increased acidity can be determined by the appearance of the soil. It is gray in color with a white coating. The absence or small number of earthworms in the garden also indicate the presence of acidic soils. Most often, sour are depleted:

chernozems;
forest;
peatlands;
podzolic;
red soils.

Plants - indicators

An experienced gardener does not need to conduct an analysis to determine the pH level of the soil.

Weeds growing on the adjacent plot will tell you everything.

The level of soil acidity and its effect on tomatoes

Due to the excess of soil acidity in tomatoes:

The absorption of nutrients and moisture from the soil is reduced due to reduced root growth.
The growth of seedlings in the initial period of development slows down.
Metabolism is disturbed due to an imbalance in the earth of calcium, magnesium, potassium.
There is a slowdown in the conversion of simple carbohydrates into organic compounds inside the plant.
Decreased bud formation.
The harvest is decreasing.
The susceptibility of tomatoes to fungal diseases is increasing.

Although tomatoes tolerate a slight decrease in pH tolerably. An increase in acidity to 5-5.5 will not make significant changes in their growth and development.

But alkaline earth also has a negative effect on the development and fruiting of tomato bushes. This is observed at pH above 8.0. Alkali forms insoluble compounds with microelements, which leads to yellowing of the leaves in tomatoes and stunting of bushes in growth. In such cases, it is necessary to increase the acidity with the help of:

compost, humus, manure, sphagnum moss;
introduction of nitrogen fertilizers into the soil before winter;
introduction of colloidal sulfur;
addition of ferrous sulfate.

What to report and when

Liming can be carried out by introducing mineral compounds into the soil, organic fertilizers and planting green manure.

The main time for liming is autumn, when the garden is free and you can scatter a suitable liming agent without harm to the plants. From mineral use:

quicklime fluff;
dolomite flour.

Additives are scattered on the surface of the earth, spending 500 g and 300 g per 1 sq.m. Processing is carried out more often 1 time in 3-4 years. As a result:

the pH of the earth rises;
plant growth increases;
increases the activity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil.

Chalk is used in the spring, scattering it directly on the snow. Melt water will carry chalk particles into the ground. It should be remembered that tomato seedlings can be planted 3 weeks after treatment.

Organic fertilizers that can increase soil acidity include. Since there is no nitrogen in its composition, ash can be applied under plants throughout the season. It is only required to observe the dosages, introducing under the bush in small portions or in the form of a solution.