The disease of fruit trees brown spots on the leaves. Diseases of garden trees and shrubs. Measures to combat diseases in the garden. How to treat mycoplasma disease

I met a lot of recipes for fees from everything that grows in the country. I collected something, tried it, forgot it, occasionally repeated it several times, but I try to use only some of the collections every year and practically do not change, because they are already so beautiful!

This is my all-time favorite tea!

In May - June, in truth, at the beginning of June, we collect mint leaves, and I get grade 2 - pepper and lemon.

Most of all I take currant leaves, only black.

Strawberry leaf, strawberries. If you come across wild strawberries - great!

Raspberry leaves - an indispensable participant! Equally with currants!

Cherry young leaves are also needed. Moreover, I tried the grafted varietal and local wildlings - a simpleton, the difference, in my opinion, is with the advantage of a simpleton! Paradox!

We dry everything, simply by laying it out on a towel. Do not wash before drying.

The proportion of the collection is the main part of currants and raspberries, a little bit of mint, strawberries and cherries.

That's it, the miracle tea is ready. In a jar, under the lid. We brew as usual tea leaves in a teapot, the rule works - more leaves - thicker tea leaves, that is, you can get tea both light green and black! Yes, I'm surprised! I make black, which can be brewed a few more times (during the day) and it will be just as rich! These are amazing, proven facts!

The main thing is that the leaves should be early, May-June! Later it turns out not so tasty tea. As for the safety in the winter: Somewhere before the new year is as good as in June! Then the taste fades!

Share your findings on beverage collections and more!

The most common diseases of fruit trees include bitter, fusarium, moldy and fruit rot, milky sheen, false tinder fungus, Steklenberg virosis, gum disease and cytosporosis. If you do not take measures to protect fruit trees from diseases, your orchard runs the risk of being left without a crop. About diseases of fruit trees and their treatment available methods you will learn from the material below.

Disease of fruit crops bitter rot

Bitter rot of fruits is characterized by the appearance of brown depressed rotting spots on them. The fruits become bitter in taste.

Almost all fruit trees are susceptible to this disease.

In warm and humid weather, this disease of fruit trees attacks branches through untreated wounds. The bark on them cracks, turns brown and dies.

To combat this disease of fruit trees, affected fruits must be collected and destroyed. Wounds on trees after pruning or other damage must be treated (cleaned and disinfected in a timely manner).

Before treating fruit trees for diseases, solutions must be prepared in the proportions indicated below. Before bud break, it is recommended to spray with a 4% solution of Bordeaux liquid (400 g per 10 l of water). When processing trees during the period of budding, it is best to use a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid (100 g per 10 liters of water).

The second spraying can be carried out immediately after flowering. The third spraying can be carried out simultaneously with the treatment against the codling moth (2-3 weeks after flowering).

Bitter rot of fruits can appear during the storage of apples, pears and other fruits, therefore it is recommended to disinfect storage facilities with formalin (100 g of 40% formalin per 10 liters of water). After carrying out this procedure, the room must be thoroughly ventilated. In addition, sudden temperature fluctuations in storage should be avoided. Joint storage of apples and pears is undesirable.

How to deal with fruit tree disease fruit rot

The causative agent of the disease is fruit rot - a fungus that affects the fruits of pear and apple trees.

Look at the photo: this disease of fruit trees provokes the appearance of brown spots on the fruits:

At first they are small in area, but gradually they can occupy the entire surface of the fruit, after which it turns black.

Damaged fruits usually fall off, but it is not uncommon for 2-3 affected fruits remaining on the tree to survive the winter and subsequently become a source of re-infection of the tree.

The disease spreads mainly in the second half of summer.

When preparing fruits for storage, it is necessary first of all to check whether they are affected by the disease. Affected fruits should be periodically identified and destroyed.

Fusarium rot disease of fruit plants

The defeat of Fusarium rot begins with the seed chamber, so most often the disease is detected only when the fetus is cut. The space around the seminal chamber in this disease fruit crops filled with pink or yellow mycelium. Apples and pears are most often affected by this disease.

Fusarium rot affects fruits during storage, especially when storage is violated or after mechanical damage to fruits, so it is important to be careful when harvesting fruits for long-term storage.

Stores are recommended to be sprayed with formalin (100 g of a 40% formalin solution per 10 liters of water). After carrying out this procedure, the room should be thoroughly ventilated. Walls and ceilings in the storage should be treated with a 1% solution of Bordeaux mixture (100 g per 10 liters of water).

Fight against fruit tree disease milky sheen

Another disease orchard- milky sheen: when trees are affected by this disease, the leaves acquire a whitish mother-of-pearl tint.

Mushrooms are leathery plates, the width of which reaches 3 cm. They are tightly attached to the bark. The upper part of the mushroom is gray, while the lower part has a purple, brown or orange tint. Infected branches die off, sometimes the whole tree dies.

Everyone is susceptible to this disease, but most often affected and. A milky sheen usually appears on trees whose bark has been wounded over the winter. Affected trees must be uprooted and burned.

Protecting fruit trees from dying off branches

This disease is characterized by the appearance on the bark of dead branches of warty growths of a light pink color. The size of each of them does not exceed 5 mm. Growths can be located singly and in groups.

The disease manifests itself on the branches of currants, apple trees, pears, cherries, plums,.

Affected branches must be cut and burned, and the resulting cuts should be lubricated with garden pitch.

Orchard disease false tinder fungus

False tinder fungus causes core white rot of wood. Affected wood becomes soft and very light. Such trees are easily broken by gusts of wind. Inside the wood there are black veins that penetrate or border the affected areas.

The fruit bodies of the false tinder fungus are woody perennial outgrowths that have a flattened shape. The mushroom can have a different color: from yellow to dark brown. Its upper side is always covered with small cracks. Usually false tinder fungus is located in cracks in the lower part of the tree trunk.

This disease affects pears, cherries, sweet cherries.

The spread of the disease occurs by spores that germinate in wounds on the bark of trees.

To combat the false tinder fungus, it is necessary to increase the winter hardiness of fruit trees and choose zoned varieties for planting. In autumn, trunks and skeletal branches of trees should be whitewashed with lime.

It is important to protect trees from bark damage. All wounds must be disinfected with a 3% solution of copper sulfate and covered with garden pitch.

Trees affected by tinder fungus should be uprooted and burned. It is desirable to cut false tinder fungi in July, when their fruiting bodies have already formed, and the spores have not yet matured.

Diseases of stone fruit crops

The most common non-infectious disease of stone fruit crops is gum disease, which affects plums, cherries, sweet cherries, and other stone fruits.

Diseases are mainly affected by trees damaged after an unfavorable wintering or already affected by other diseases of stone fruit crops. Most often, gum disease occurs on trees grown on acidic or highly moist soils, as well as after applying a large amount of fertilizer in high humidity.

With this disease, gum is released on tree trunks, which hardens in the form of transparent glassy formations.

To combat gum disease, gum-producing wounds should be cleaned, disinfected with a 1% solution of copper sulfate, then rubbed with fresh leaves and covered with a mixture consisting of 70% nigrol and 30% sifted oven ash.

Wounds formed on the bark after pruning must be covered with garden pitch.

How to treat fruit trees from the disease pink moldy rot

Brown rotting spots form on fruits affected by pink moldy rot. Gradually, they increase and become covered first with white, and then with a pink coating - mycelium. Rot damage can also begin from the seed chamber. In this case, the disease can be detected only when the fetus is cut.

Pink moldy rot affects the fruits during their storage if its regime is violated (for example, at high humidity, high temperature). In addition, the cause of the disease can be mechanical damage to the fruit.

Care must be taken when harvesting fruits for long-term storage. It is recommended to disinfect storages by spraying with formalin (100 g of 40% formalin per 10 liters of water) followed by closing the storage for a day. After carrying out such a procedure, the room must be ventilated. Walls and ceilings should be whitewashed with lime milk or sprayed with a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid (100 g per 10 liters of water).

Cherry leaf disease Steklenberg virosis

Cherry leaf disease Steklenberg virosis provokes the formation of rings of light green or yellow color, which persist until leaf fall. Sometimes the affected areas of the leaf die off, brown necrotic spots appear. On some leaves, growths characteristic of virosis may form.

In adult cherry trees, the growth of shoots slows down, the formation of rosettes on them from narrow leaves with a thickened skin and an oily sheen on the underside of the leaf. The edges of the leaves are curled. In spring, trees affected by virosis often die off flower buds.

Sometimes the disease can proceed without visible symptoms, but such a cherry tree dies prematurely.

Cherry virosis can also affect cherries.

This viral disease is practically untreatable. Affected trees should be uprooted and burned.

Protecting fruit trees from cytosporosis disease

The main symptom of the disease of fruit trees is cytosporosis - the formation of large gum wounds in the bark of plants (usually on skeletal branches and forks).

As a result, the branches dry out, as the wood is damaged under the dead bark. The mass spread of the disease occurs most often in late spring, as well as in the first half of summer.

The characteristic signs of the disease are browning and further drying, accompanied by twisting of the leaves and buds. They remain on the tree for a long time without falling off.

Cytosporosis most often affects trees damaged by the sun or frost.

Only weakened stone fruit trees are most susceptible to the disease.

As a preventive measure for further infection, affected branches and trees should be removed from the site.

Now that you have received information about the main diseases of fruit trees and their treatment, immediate measures must be taken to cultivate the garden.

The diet of children (especially children with ASD) is often limited and lacks vitamins for full growth and development of the body. Last year, we began to collect and procure biological food supplements ourselves, we started with a raspberry leaf and walnut. Studying the information more deeply, we learned that the leaves of all fruit trees (and not only fruit trees) are a natural pharmacy. M A powerful set of vitamins and minerals that are contained in the leaves of trees and shrubs can compete with any complex of artificial multivitamins.

This year we spent the summer at the holiday village Yuzhny Slope and we had the happiest opportunity to collect leaves in the ecological clean place. Many dachas and gardens turned out to be abandoned and we ate berries, collected our home pharmacy from trees that had been free for several years and certainly were not sprayed with any chemicals by anyone.

So let's start:

CHERRY LEAF

Cherry leaves contain:

Quercetin is a substance that is a natural antioxidant, it protects the human body from the harmful effects of the environment, prevents the formation of free radicals in the body and weakens their effect on the nervous and cardiovascular systems.

Tannins - provide anti-inflammatory and aseptic properties of decoctions and tinctures of cherry leaves

Coumarin is a substance that prevents the formation of blood clots and takes part in the processes of blood clotting.

Amygdalin is a biologically active substance that has positive influence on the cardiovascular system, normalizes the rhythm and speed of heart contractions and helps to reduce the intensity of heart attacks

Phytoncides - natural "antibiotics" that can destroy and stop the growth of most pathogenic bacteria, fungi and viruses

Essential oils provide delicate fragrance, anti-inflammatory and aseptic properties of cherry leaves;

Vitamins A, P, C and group B - have a sedative, restorative effect and normalize the metabolism in the body;

Macro- and microelements: potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, iodine, cobalt, manganese, copper, molybdenum and others.

Contraindications

Cherry leaves should not be used for treatment: people suffering from diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with high acidity, with exacerbation of gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, patients with diabetes, patients with obesity, with chronic inflammatory processes in the lungs, with chronic diarrhea, with increased individual sensitivity.

BLACKBERRY LEAF

The chemical composition of blackberry leaves is rich and well studied. In this part of the plant found: flavonoids, tannins, leucoanthocyanides, inositol (specific alcohol), vitamin C, organic acids, essential oils, fructose, sucrose and glucose.

In addition, the leaves contain great amount vitamins: the whole group of vitamins B, A, E, PP and C. There are many macro- and microelements in the plant, these are: zinc, copper, magnesium, manganese, iron, potassium, selenium, sodium, phosphorus, calcium, chromium and nickel.

The spectrum of action of blackberry leaves is quite wide. Preparations based on them are prescribed as the following means: anti-inflammatory, sedative, wound healing, immunomodulatory, antitoxic, antislag and antipyretic.

Blackberry leaves have shown themselves well in the treatment of hysteria, depression and nervous insomnia. By calming the central nervous system and normalizing its work, the plant helps to cope with problems. In addition, by stimulating the production of the hormone of happiness, which is necessary for depression, blackberries successfully fight this disease when it is still in mild to moderate severity.

At the first manifestations of gastritis, blackberry leaves will also come in handy. They will quickly relieve inflammation and prevent the development of the disease. In addition, the ability of blackberries to heal wounds helps to restore the mucous membrane affected by the disease.

For colds and flu, preparations from the leaves reduce the temperature, having a diaphoretic effect. At the same time, they significantly strengthen the immune system, helping to cope with the disease in the shortest possible time.

As an immunomodulatory drug, blackberry leaves help prevent morbidity during the flu and colds.

Contraindications.

First of all, these are: various kidney diseases, especially severe ones, significantly increased acidity of the stomach, as well as an allergic reaction to the plant. It is unacceptable to use preparations from blackberries in large quantities with hypotension, as this can provoke a slight decrease in pressure.

PEACH LEAF

Peach leaves contain a complex of valuable polyphenolic substances (persicoside, naringenin, quercetin, tannin and kaempferol). They contain bioactive flavonoids, essential oils and organic acids. The microelement set is represented by substances that are very important for the body - copper and iron.

Due to the presence of naringenin and persicoside, preparations prepared from peach leaves have antitumor activity and are used in the treatment of cancer.

Tannin gives them hemostatic and capillary-strengthening properties.

Flavonoids and organic acids have bactericidal, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effects.

Polyphenols peach leaf- powerful antioxidants. They cleanse the body of free radicals, slow down the aging process and eliminate toxicosis.

Taking an aqueous peach leaf extract increases immunity, activates the production of antibodies that destroy harmful microorganisms.

Phytopreparations from peach leaves are an excellent remedy for the negative effects of climatic, environmental and psycho-emotional factors. We must not forget that a decoction of peach leaves - good remedy from headaches and rheumatic pains.

Infusions and decoctions of leaves peach tree have antipyretic, diuretic, diaphoretic and mild laxative effects. Their intake improves the functioning of the stomach and intestines, stimulates digestion and eliminates dyspepsia.

Peach leaves are used in the treatment of hypoacid gastritis (with low acidity of gastric juice). Those who suffer from constipation and accumulation of intestinal gases will solve their problem by drinking 1-2 glasses of water infusion of peach leaves per day.

Peach leaf is part of the herbal teas used to treat thyroid pathologies. His healing properties used in the treatment of anemia, bronchitis and heart disease.

Contraindications
Peach leaf treatment is contraindicated in case of individual intolerance. It is not recommended to use it during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
RASPBERRY LEAF

leaves it thorn bush- a real pantry of substances that are useful and vital to a person. What makes it unique is that it has practically no contraindications and it can be used by children, pregnant women and nursing mothers - it benefits everyone.

The beneficial properties of the leaves are explained by the fact that they contain vitamins: C, K, E, as well as: fiber, fruit organic acids (succinic, malic, lactic), tannins and astringents, flavonoids, sugars; macro- and microelements: iodine, magnesium, manganese, calcium, potassium, sodium, iron, copper, phosphorus; a unique biological substance salicylate, which in its effect on the body resembles the well-known aspirin; antioxidants, mineral salts, resins; mucus.

Leaf decoctions are taken in inflammatory processes of the gastrointestinal tract, the need to increase immunity, in the complex treatment of beriberi, cosmetic masks are made from them to nourish the skin and reduce facial wrinkles.

Infusions cleanse the intestines of toxins and toxins.

Contraindications
Use with caution in nephritis and gout.

SEA BUCKTHORN LEAF

The richest chemical composition: tannin (more than 10%), oleanic and ursolic triterpene acids,folic acid, serotonin, flavonoids, vitamins (PP, C, group B), coumarin, inositol, tannins, phytoncides, useful trace elements (including manganese, iron, boron and others)

Experienced professionals in the field traditional medicine argue that decoctions, tinctures and infusions prepared from sea buckthorn leaves are universal therapeutic and prophylactic agents that cope with many different pathologies.

The unique chemical composition allows them to have the following types of effects on the human body: anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic (reduce blood sugar concentration), hepatoprotective (protect liver cells from harmful effects), immunomodulatory, astringent, anticonvulsant, sedative, antibacterial and antiviral.

Besides, medicines from the leaves of sea buckthorn contribute to the removal of toxins from the body, oxalic and uric acid, excess cholesterol, improve blood composition.

Contraindications:

The main contraindication to taking preparations from sea buckthorn leaves is their individual intolerance. constituent components. Meanwhile, the tincture prepared on their basis is forbidden to be taken by persons whose activities require the highest concentration and strict adherence to safety requirements (for example, pilots, equipment operators on production lines, drivers of motor vehicles, etc.).

CURRANT LEAF

Surely everyone has heard more than once how currants are called the “pantry” of vitamins, and there are really a lot of them: C, PP, E, K, D, group B and provitamin A. They are found not only in berries, but also in the entire aerial part of the plant, and it is they who positively affect the functioning of the immune system and tone up.

Among other things, the currant leaf contains: mineral salts of magnesium, manganese, zinc, silver, sulfur, copper, phosphorus, boron, potassium, sodium, fluorine, iron, calcium and cobalt,
valuable essential oils, sugar, tannins, phytoncides, organic acids - malic, citric, salicylic, succinic and tartaric, pectins.

By the way, it is the group of pectins that is able to bind and remove various toxins, salts from the body. heavy metals and radionuclides.

Its anti-inflammatory properties and antiseptic qualities are appropriate in the treatment of diseases of the stomach or intestines. The leaf is able to kill the pathogenic microflora that has settled and spreads in the digestive tract.

Sulfur is a substance that takes an active part in the construction of bone tissue and cartilage, as well as in strengthening nerve cells. Its functions include stabilization nervous system and normalization of blood sugar levels.

Regular intake of decoctions is able to remove excess uric acid and bile, and destroy pathogenic microorganisms and dysentery bacillus. They have a positive effect on the function of hematopoiesis and help get rid of anemia.

In complex treatment, they are successfully used in the treatment of diseases of the liver, respiratory organs and urolithiasis. They also increase the body's resistance during periods of seasonal colds.

The totality of the discovered ingredients makes it possible to use beneficial features leaves for the treatment of beriberi, immune diseases, weakened states due to overwork and in postoperative periods. Thanks to antioxidants, they prevent the formation of tumors.

Contraindications

With thrombophlebitis, since the regular use of drugs based on currant leaves leads to an increase in blood clotting.

With increased gastric acidity, leaf decoction will be contraindicated; you should not treat it with peptic ulcers and inflammation of the duodenum.

Concentrated leaves in any form are contraindicated for pregnant women and nursing mothers in order to avoid allergic reactions and other side effects.

MULBERRY LEAF

The pectins present in the leaves reduce the absorption of fats in the small intestine and stomach, improve digestion, thereby reducing the level of cholesterol and fats in the blood. Pectins also prevent the formation of carcinogens and toxins and contribute to the removal of toxins from the body, which leads to strengthening immunity and reducing the risk of malignant tumors.

The beneficial properties of mulberry berries and leaves are also due to the content of tannins that have binding properties, and therefore the plant is useful for diarrhea.

An infusion of the leaves is used in diabetes to lower blood sugar levels.

A decoction of the leaves reduces fever and has antibacterial properties.

WALNUT LEAF

The chemical composition of the leaves of the plant is well studied and today is not a mystery. This part of the plant contains: naphthoquinonuglon, hyperoside, quercetin, kaempferol, tannins, juglone, essential oils, glycosides, carotene, coumarin, aromatic compounds, alkaloids, caffeic acid, galusic acid, ascorbic acid, ellagic acid, aldehydes, flavoxanthin, violaxanthin and cryptoxanthin. In addition, walnut leaves contain vitamins: A, E, C, PP, B1 and B8.

The high concentration of various medicinal substances in the leaves of the plant makes them an excellent drug for getting rid of many ailments. Separately, it is worth highlighting the record content of vitamin C, due to which walnut leaf plates are especially useful for the human immune system.

The scope of preparations from walnut leaves is quite wide. They have various therapeutic effects on the body: anti-inflammatory, astringent, hemostatic, anthelmintic, wound healing, analgesic and immunomodulatory.

With general exhaustion and weakening of the body, walnut leaves are included in general therapy as a very effective general tonic of natural origin. They have a beneficial effect on metabolism, contributing to its recovery and thereby helping the body cope with the disease. Usually in this case, the leaf-based medicine is part of a comprehensive treatment. Various diseases stomach and intestines are perfectly cured with preparations from walnut leaf plates. They relieve inflammation and pain, and also promote the healing of ulcers and damaged mucous membranes.

Various inflammatory processes in the joints are also eliminated with plant-based preparations. If the articular tissue is not yet completely destroyed, leaf medicines will have a stimulating effect on it to restore itself.

Diarrhea is another reason to remember walnut leaves, which have pronounced antimicrobial and astringent actions and quickly eliminate the problem. It is reasonable to use preparations based on them even with dysentery

Contraindications

There are few contraindications to the use of medicines from walnut leaves. They cannot be treated if there is an allergic reaction (at least to one component in their composition), there is increased blood clotting or thrombophlebitis. For everyone else, preparations based on walnut leaves are completely safe and can be used without fear.

To delight children with their cherries and surprise friends with a bunch of grapes "like in Languedoc." But fruit trees also have their own serious diseases that make the gardener's heart shrink. In the proposed article you will find a list of the most common tree ailments, as well as photos and videos with which you can diagnose and treat a plant.

Classification of the main types and types of diseases of fruit trees

Garden diseases are divided, depending on their causes, into infectious (there is a living organism - the pathogen) and non-infectious. The causative agents can be:

How to identify and treat rust

This fungal disease so named because the affected leaves resemble corroded iron. Rust spots are bright, yellow-red, in the center they have a dark area where full is underway dispute development.

The body of the fungus is called the mycelium, the thinnest threads of which grow along the intercellular spaces of the leaves, penetrate into the photosynthetic cells and suck everything they can out of them. As a result, the fruit tree receives less nutrients, does not form a significant and tasty crop.

Rust

It is impossible to cure infected shoots, so they should be ruthlessly cut out, moreover, “with a margin”, i.e. 10-15 cm below the last red spot. Cauterize wounds with a 1% solution of copper sulfate, and in order to avoid re-infection, pour garden pitch.

Microscopic fungi are so insidious and tenacious that it is impossible to do without chemistry in the fight against them. Special drugs against fungi are called fungicides. One of the most effective is 1% Bordeaux liquid. This is a mixture of copper sulfate and slaked lime. Trees are treated with it on blossoming leaves and spraying is repeated after two weeks.

Rust fungi are among those that have two consecutive hosts. One of these hosts is a fruit tree, the second is a conifer. Juniper is especially dangerous as a source of harmful spores, so if rust is found in the garden, take care to destroy this plant.

Attention! Copper sulfate is absolutely contraindicated during the flowering period.

Powdery mildew - a gardener's headache

Powdery mildew outwardly looks as if the leaves and fruits were powdered with flour, and over time it turns from pure white to gray with reddish, almost black spots appear on it - the spore-forming organs of the fungus. The nutrition and growth of the tree stop, the leaves curl into a drying boat and fall off, the fruits are not even tied.

powdery mildew

Successfully used against powdery mildew Bordeaux liquid, 1% suspension of colloidal sulfur, from other fungicides - Topaz, Bayleton. Treatments are carried out prophylactically, according to the first leaves, and when signs of the disease appear.

Attention! When working with fungicides, protective gloves, goggles, a raincoat and a mask are required.

Spotted fruit trees - a consequence of fungal activity

Spotting of fruit trees

But you can always diagnose one of the types of spotting yourself - this is perforated spotting, or klyasterosporiosis, popularly referred to as lumbago. Leaf tissues actively resist the spread of mycelium, forming protective layer from cells with a very thick shell - cork. The fungus and the cells affected by it are deprived of the opportunity to receive water, die off and are destroyed. A hole appears in the center of the spot, like a hole from a puncture with an awl. Clasterosporiosis is treated with the same Bordeaux liquid, and autumn treatment is considered the most effective. As a preventive measure, they collect and burn fallen leaves - a depot of infection.

Attention! In no case do not put foliage with signs of fungal diseases in compost heap. Disputes will comfortably spend several years in it and will fall on the garden with renewed vigor after feeding any crop with the resulting fertilizer.

Cortical necrosis

Some fungi prefer to settle not on leaves, but on more durable bark. From the moment of their penetration to the appearance of visible changes on the cortex, months can pass. During this time, the mycelium will have time to grow over a large area. The affected bark cracks, becomes covered with tubercles, fails, exfoliates, rot, mucous accumulations of spores are found under it.

Cortical necrosis

The disease is dangerous because it often affects the bearing part of the tree: the trunk and main branches. The plant can dry out and die completely. Frequent careful examination of the bark of each instance allows you to notice something was wrong in time and begin to take action. Affected branches should be cut 15 cm below the necrosis, disinfected blue vitriol and cover the wound with garden pitch. If necrosis has formed on the trunk, it must be cleaned, capturing part of the healthy tissue and treated in the same way.

Fruit deformation - a blow that was not expected

Usually fruit deformation is caused by taphrine fungi. Their spores penetrate the ovary even during flowering and wait for the plant to begin active food supplies to the developing embryo.

The owners of stone fruit gardens should be worried about the possible deformation of the fruit, since the fungus clearly prefers the plum and its relatives. Spraying trees with Bordeaux liquid should begin even before blooming. flower buds. All found ovaries with signs of deformation are removed and burned.

Trees get cancer too

This is a misfortune of pome species, mainly apple trees. The fungus secretes substances that stimulate the division of cambial cells or other educational tissue. As a result, a quite noticeable tumor is formed. The most common types of cancer are:

black, or "Anton fire", affects all organs, from the trunk to the flowers;
ordinary, specializing in the trunk and the largest branches.

Spores of pathogens penetrate into the deep layers of the bark through frost holes and sunburn. In the first two or three years, you will not see signs of the disease, but then you will be amazed by new cracks, influxes, rot and a meager harvest from nowhere.

Tree disease - cancer

Small cancer spots are cleaned; in case of a wide lesion, it is better to remove the tree entirely. Copper sulphate, "Bayleton", watering near-stem circles with "Fundazol" are effective.

In addition to fungal, there is a bacterial cancer localized on the roots and root neck. planting material with signs of bacterial cancer - brown growths - should be destroyed, and before buying a new one, carefully examine the root system.

Advice. Do not forget to disinfect the tool after working with diseased plants - this will save the garden from the spread of infection.

Unlike the pathogens of cancer or spotting, the tinder fungus is a large mushroom that lives for decades. Once in a crack in the bark, the spore gives rise to a giant mycelium that spreads throughout the entire conducting system of the plant. The fungus actively pumps into itself the food produced by the tree, and after a few years it produces spore-bearing organs that look like donkey hooves to the surface. The tree at this point is weakened and doomed.

Polypores

Diseases of fruit trees: video

What is sick garden: photo

Non-infectious diseases of trees - how to deal with them?

This pest, resembling a small bee, cracks down on the middle of the ovaries. Its wintering takes place in the soil, and it flies out from there about five days before the blooming of apple flowers. Females lay eggs in buds and flowers - each with 80 pieces. Twenty-legged larvae crawl into the fruit, eating the seeds. Because of this, the ovaries fall and the crop is lost.
The fungus overwinters in autumn fallen leaves. If the spring is rainy, then it is activated. And with a cool and humid summer, it rejoices at all. He also loves a dense crown. So we remove extra branches, fallen apples, burn autumn leaves. In autumn, we sprinkle copper sulphate on the crown, and in spring (before bud break) - Bordeaux liquid. Another good remedy for autumn processing is a solution of nitrate with urea.
On this I say goodbye to you, dear readers. She told only about some types of diseases of fruit crops. Those that she herself encountered.
- the release of a jelly-like liquid with the formation of small hollows and sagging. Occurs due to increased reproduction of pathogenic bacteria. A factor contributing to the strengthening of external manifestations is insufficient care for wounds on the cortex, high humidity, cold summer. They get rid of it by cleaning the affected area with a knife, followed by its treatment with garden pitch. I don’t advise you to take gum treatment lightly: with amber “tears”, plums, cherries, cherries lose their strength and useful substances.
It is best if wounds begin to heal in the spring. And the treatment of fruit trees of the trunk begins with a rough treatment of the wound. In autumn, the damage should be temporarily covered with a special mixture to avoid the influence of frost and sunlight.

DNOC - 200 g for every 10 liters of water;
The fight against this type of disease should begin in early spring and be carried out using the Topaz composition as follows:
black cancer;

Fruit rot. It is not so difficult to notice it - brown spots appear on the leaves, which grow quickly and flow to the fruits. Fruits infected with this disease rot, change shape and fall or dry out. If the fruits remain on the tree, then next season they will begin to form spores that can infect a new crop. In this case, as in the case of scab, spraying with a solution of urea will help, as well as treatment with lime "milk", for the preparation of which you need to dissolve 1.5 kg of lime in 10 liters of water.

Another "mushroom" problem - "

In the treatment of fruit tree trunks, hollows are of particular difficulty. Since ancient times, people have tried to help the tree, trying all sorts of ways. They all start with cleaning, disinfection measures. Then comes the resin treatment. After that, the hollow is filled with pebbles and cemented with a special composition. After all the procedures, when the filling dries, its edges are treated with oil paint, always on natural drying oil. It is impossible to use gasoline for processing, as it penetrates deep into the thickness of the tree and over time the hollow will become even larger. Properly carried out treatment of fruit tree trunks will help rid it of many diseases.

Suspension of colloidal sulfur - 100 g for every 10 liters of water.

Infectious diseases and their treatment

The substance is diluted in a ratio of 2 ml per 10 liters;

scab;

Leaf spotting. This disease most often manifests itself in the form of light-colored spots with black dots on the leaves. The tissue affected by the disease soon falls out, leaving behind holes in the leaves, the bark of the diseased tree cracks, wounds appear on the trunk, releasing gum. Young shoots weaken due to spotting, become more susceptible to cold and frost, and yields also decrease. If the plant is not sprayed in time, it may die.

To avoid such problems, we must not forget about the importance of carrying out agrotechnical measures in the garden, which will ensure the timely preparation of plants for cold weather.

Shoots stop growing and developing;

To prevent trouble, measures are taken in advance. So, when buying seedlings, they turn only to those nurseries whose goods are reliable and tested (otherwise you can buy an infected tree). When the apple trees take root, you need to take care of them regularly: loosen the ground near the trunks, weed weeds, cut off dried branches, remove leaves with apples that have fallen (and immediately). And thin out the crown regularly.

If a grayish coating appears on leaves, twigs, flowers, then it's time to sound the alarm. The spores of the fungus penetrate the tissues of the plant, preventing it from developing. Apples wrinkle and dry up before ripening. The ovaries may not appear at all.

My opinion: for a garden to be healthy, it needs to be looked after. Do not neglect pruning, processing, do not be lazy to destroy spoiled fruits. witch's broom

Our company employs experienced, highly qualified employees who will not only be able to correctly diagnose a diseased tree, but also restore its health and youth.
Another way to minimize the likelihood of a disease of this type is to collect all rotten fruits and systematically destroy them. This operation should be carried out daily. Apples should be disposed of as far from the site as possible. It is advisable not to bury them in the ground and not throw them away, but simply burn them. So you can completely destroy the pathogenic fungus, leading to the appearance of rot.
Even before flowering, the tree trunk is processed with this composition;

powdery mildew;

The main problem is the resulting gum wounds, which are dangerous because another infection can get into them. That is why they need to be treated with a solution of copper sulfate (100 g of product per 10 liters of water), and at the end with a garden pitch that will protect open space on the tree from disease. Preventive measures are simple - thin out the crown in time. Before the buds swell, be sure to treat the plant with a solution of ferrous sulfate (500 g of the product per 10 l of water) and spray with a solution of nitrofen (dissolve 300 g of the product in 10 l of water).

So, for example, to prevent frost burns, clean the tree from the old bark, and treat the skeletal stems with a mixture of 20% lime milk and 3.5% copper sulphate solution. In the spring, the treatment is repeated again. So that the plants do not suffer from frost, before the winter cold, tree trunks are tied with spruce paws, straw and white paper.

Preventive measures against diseases

Drying leaves deprive the plant of important "building" elements - phosphorus and nitrogen;

The recipe for making Bordeaux liquid is here;

This fungus also loves wet spring and warm summers. But when the frost is minus 27, he dies. It is necessary to remove all diseased shoots and burn. For treatment, colloidal liquid sulfur is taken. Buds are sprayed with a two percent liquid, ovaries - one percent. The third time we process the apple tree in a couple of weeks, also with two percent sulfur. Or use copper (iron) vitriol, Bordeaux liquid is also good.
It is difficult for a bad owner to make out what happened to the trees: one sore clings to another. You look, and there is no harvest. But it's not about us.
". From one area, weakened branches with small, fragile yellow-red leaves grow in a bunch. Closer to July, a matte gray coating appears on the wrong side - spores. Together with the wind, they fall on other shoots and infect them. To prevent the formation of panicles in spring and autumn, diseased bunches are cut and burned. At the same time, preventive treatment with copper sulfate is carried out.
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To avoid a situation in which the leaves on the apple tree become covered with brown spots, various kinds of preventive work should be performed.
After flowering, the plant also needs to be processed.
Fruit rot.

Instead of fighting diseases of garden plants, it is better to provide high-quality protection of trees from diseases. In other words, you need to carry out preventive work, thanks to which you can save a lot of your time and effort.

nasotke.ru

Diseases of apple trees in the photo and how to treat them

There are a lot of tree diseases, and their treatment is individual in each case. Experienced gardeners diseases are easily distinguished by their characteristic features, which allows them to accurately determine the method of treatment, but young gardeners first need to know these very signs. And only then spray the plants with suitable means for protection.

Varieties of diseases of the apple tree

After several fruiting seasons, when the fruits absorb the remaining moisture, the tree may die;

We work in the field. We are building a booth for a dog: derevo-s.ru/budka-dlya-sobaki.
Chronic disease occurs after damage to the bark and branches caused by cold, pruning or rodent teeth. Infection is possible in weather from 2 to 30 degrees Celsius. A diseased tree does not develop and cannot fully feed. Its bark is cracking, branches and trunk are overgrown with growths. Infected parts die and wither.
What do you think? Are you doing well in the garden? Are you doing everything on time? Please answer in the comments. Recommend the article to friends on social networks. Someone else's experience will help to avoid mistakes!
Since apple and pear are related varieties, their diseases are also the same. I’ll only talk about those with whom I had to deal.

Find out the cost of work:

Black cancer

First of all, they include inspection of the tree trunk. The trunk should be as even as possible, the presence of any cracks and other defects is not allowed. This also applies to leaves and fruits. Even if the symptoms of any diseases appeared only on one or two leaves or apples, the whole range of measures should be taken to disinfect the plant. Perhaps this will save him from death.

Also, instead of the drug "Topaz" you can use "Hom". It should be diluted in an amount of 40 g per 10 liters of water and sprayed on the plant stem before and after flowering. Colloidal sulfur, which is diluted in an amount of 80 g per bucket of water, also gives excellent results. It is very important not to overdo it with the compositions indicated above. This can lead to a burn of the bark and foliage.
Each disease is dangerous in its own way. When the slightest signs of disease appear, it is necessary to immediately begin to treat the plant.
Basic rules for protecting the garden:

Scab. This disease is considered one of the most common. It is quite simple to determine the scab - brown spots form on the leaves, and after a few weeks the leaves begin to fall off. Fruits lose their appearance- black blotches appear on apples. Blisters can be seen on the shoots. The main problem with scab is that an infected tree develops very slowly, it can freeze in winter and bloom very poorly.

Leaves begin to fall prematurely;
And in the spring, the trunks of all trees should not be too lazy to whiten. And prepare Bordeaux liquid by spraying apple trees with it until they bloom. You can also use copper sulphate for this purpose. And one more thing: all wounds and cuts on branches and trunks must be treated without fail - for example, with garden pitch.

We treat the apple tree like this: carefully cut out all the sore spots, and treat fresh sections with an antiseptic composition (you can use copper sulphate). Top with garden pitch. No pitch - take oil paint. And in winter, so that the hares do not eat the trunk, we wrap it with corn or sorghum tops - it helps well.

Scab

Ruddy and fragrant apples are an excellent delicacy, and also very healthy. And pectin in them, and iron, and a host of other minerals with vitamins. And in order to taste pure fruits, where there are guaranteed no nitrates, it is best to grow an apple orchard yourself. By the way, on our planet the area of such gardens is only slightly less than that of vineyards and olive groves. They take the third place - they even got ahead of the orange plantations.

scab

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Growing an apple tree is quite difficult, despite the unpretentiousness of most of its varieties. That is why it is necessary to carefully monitor its condition. Since with untimely treatment for the described diseases, you can lose not only the crop, but also the tree itself.
A disease such as powdery mildew is dangerous because it damages young shoots and buds of an apple tree.
Diseases of apple trees and their treatment (photos can be found on the Internet) are very diverse. The most common is "black cancer". Such a disease can be identified by the following symptoms:

never bring it into the garden fruit bushes and other plants that are already infected;

powdery mildew

The fight against this disease must be serious. In March, gardeners carry out an eradicating spraying of the soil near the trunks with a solution of sulfate (1 l) and urea (700 ml). A solution of nitrophoska is also suitable (dissolve 1 kg of the product in 10 liters of water). The consumption of the mixture for spraying an adult tree is an average of 4 liters. You can use Bordeaux liquid for spraying the garden. In this case, the processing is carried out twice a year - in early spring and after the petals fall. The main thing is to prepare the solution correctly. So, for the first spraying, mix 300 ml of copper sulfate and lime in 10 liters of water, for the second - 100 ml each in the same volume of water. Such treatment will be very effective.

The tree becomes more susceptible to diseases and pests.

- fungal origin, looks like spots, yellowish at first, small size. Over time, the foliage turns black, falls off. If you do not fight the scab, it goes to apples. This is especially noticeable in old gardens: they met fruits covered with dense gray-brown spots with cracked skin. To prevent the spread of the fungus, every autumn, damaged shoots are cut out and burned on old plantings, and the ground around the trunks is dug up. Starting in spring, spraying is carried out (about 6 times per season with the same frequency), alternating Bordeaux mixture with other preparations.

Greetings, dear readers and subscribers! Autumn has come. It's time to start working on the site. Remove and burn the foliage, cut off excess shoots, form a crown. And carefully inspect the property: diseases of fruit trees and their treatment is the most relevant topic for me at the moment.

Trees are living organisms and therefore can also get sick. Timely treatment of diseases of fruit trees will help save the plant from death. Often the disease occurs because the integrity of the cortex is broken, there is not enough water or, conversely, there is too much of it. Even minor damage and improper care can lead to illness.

This type of apple leaf disease is characterized by an extremely rapid spread. Tree affected by fungus disease-causing, can die in just one month. It also often happens that the mycelium survives a cold winter in the trunk of a plant and, after a thaw, begins to act with renewed vigor, destroying the fruit tree from the inside.

The appearance of black spots on the leaves - their number and size are growing every day;

Be sure to remove the excess crown and diseased shoots, also avoiding dense plantings;
However best defense for trees is preventive measures Any gardener will tell you so. Therefore, be sure to practice foliar feeding of the plant with a solution of urea - about 60 g of the product per bucket of water. It is also necessary to collect the fruits affected by the disease in time and destroy them. Be careful in the spring - as soon as the snow melts, scrape off the remaining foliage with shoots and burn them. And during the season, cut out the branches that you think are diseased so that the sore does not transfer to healthy parts of the trees.

garden plants with decorative leaves

In addition, there are special ready-made products that save you from pests and fungal diseases. There are many varieties of them - it is important to have time to do the processing on time. It is carried out in two steps:

Flower beetle

And now about the most delicious - apples. They appear 8-12 years after planting and can be either round or laterally flattened, varying in weight. There are fruits reaching up to a kilogram, but there are also small varieties, the size of a nut or cherry. Diverse and color shades ripe apples, which include all the yellow-green and red-orange gamut. Only cold colors of fruits are not found - blue, for example. Or purple.

How to fight apple cancer - video

glav-dacha.ru

Treatment of fruit trees

Powdery mildew

I spent all the summer months in the battle for the harvest: I got rid of aphids, whiteflies, garden ants. And now I found signs of infection on the bark. So, the fight continues!

Tree disease control measures

The most common diseases today are varieties of spotting, cancer (root and black), scab, fruit rot, etc.

For the treatment of apple trees from a disease of the type in question, the following drugs can be used:

The presence of black rot on fruits;

Try to avoid mechanical damage, protect trees from severe frosts and sunburn;

Black cancer is another disease of fruit trees that requires effective treatment. This sore affects the bark, stems, shoots, leaves and fruits. The disease is quite easy to see - black spots form on the leaves and fruits, red spots on the bark, which eventually become covered with pores. The main problem is that as a result of the appearance of pores, the bark can crack and as a result fall off, forming wounds. If the disease is not treated, it will lead to the death of the tree.

How to treat wounds on a tree?

Spraying grapes in autumn with iron sulphate

Initially, trees are sprayed before they bloom. The level is a green cone. At the same time, pests crawling out of the ground and from under the bark die, and the development of diseases is stopped.

This is a dark brown bug with a long proboscis nose. Wintering in the bark and fallen leaves, it lays larvae inside the tender buds and buds of the apple tree, eating them from the inside along the way. Signs: juice dripping from the kidneys, buds with leaves that have not opened.

Can a hollow be cured?

Apple trees grow everywhere, preferring a temperate climate. They can be seen high in the mountains (up to a thousand meters) and on the edge of the forest in middle lane, in Central Asia, in the Crimea, in Europe (where apple trees are found in the wild). AT natural conditions trees grow from seeds, and cultivars are propagated by seedlings living in special nurseries. The age of trees can reach 100-150 years, but active fruiting usually lasts no more than 60-70 years.

- for me, a resident of the southern region, the most familiar disease. It's hard to get rid of her. The fungus easily passes to other species. It affects more often young shoots, blossoming buds, then fruits. The photo shows how the infected areas look like: the green mass, covered with white bloom, curls, fades, crumbles. Prevention and treatment are the same as for scab.

Fruit crops are quite vulnerable. Moreover, often the same misfortune destroys related varieties. For example, the following diseases appear on plums, cherries and cherries.

Every gardener can try to prevent diseases in his garden. To do this, it is necessary to rake fallen leaves every autumn and preferably burn them. You can, if desired, put it on compost.

"Topaz";

doctor-forest.ru

Diseases of fruit trees and their treatment: how to improve the garden

Darkening of the bark of a tree, the appearance of multiple cracks on its surface, its eversion in the opposite direction.

In the autumn it is necessary to dig up the soil, and in the spring it is necessary to loosen the soil;

Damage to stone fruit crops

If you notice black cancer on a plant, immediately spray the trees with Bordeaux liquid (1%). But the most important thing here is to heal the wound. First of all, we clean the bark - carefully cut the bark with a knife until healthy wood appears. Then the cleaned place must be disinfected using a solution of ferrous sulfate (we dilute 20 g of the product in 1 liter of water) or copper oxychloride. After the bark dries, we treat the wound with garden pitch.

Spraying the garden in winter The second time they do this, when the apple trees have faded, and the ovaries of fruits are visible on the branches. At the same time, insects are again destroyed (this time we protect the ovaries) and fungal spores that can scatter.
To deal with the villain, we will pull up the sheet and shake off the bugs when the buds swell. And then we drown them in water. You need to do this four times, until the thermometer shows plus 10. Then, when the buds begin to open, we take a weak (0.2%) solution of chlorophos - and on the crown. By the way, if you wish, you can get strong seedlings from apple seeds yourself. To do this, we use the method of monks growing apple orchards near the Valaam Monastery. You need to take ripe grains, be sure to rinse thoroughly and plant in the ground. This is done at the end of summer, and well-hardened seedlings will germinate in spring. We immediately remove the wilds - they are noticeable by their too bright green color and thorns on the trunks.

big trouble

The development of especially dangerous infections is prevented by timely treatment for powdery mildew and scab. That is why in unkempt plantings there are trees with ugly trunks, basal growths.

Gray rot After all the leaves have been removed from the site, the trunk circles are dug up. In addition, the treatment of fruit trees involves spraying by special means by sleeping kidneys. You can treat the soil in the same way. Features of the treatment of fruit trees in the fall are spraying tree trunks in order to destroy pests. How many times and how to carry it out will be prompted by a specialist after an examination.
"Skor".Treatment of black cancer of an apple tree must be carried out with the help of Bordeaux liquid - it processes the affected areas on the trunk. But this operation is necessary only after flowering trees. In order to avoid the occurrence of a disease of this kind, it is worth conducting preventive work. This will make it possible to save a maximum of plants. Black spots on the leaves of the apple tree cannot be eliminated, but you can simply prevent their appearance: Try to collect fallen leaves every evening;

"Mushroom" problems

Powdery mildew. The main feature is white coating, which at first can be removed quite simply. If you do not provide high-quality protection to fruit trees, the infected areas will begin to die off, the tree will stop developing, the leaves will fall off. The infection usually strikes first lower leaves, slowly flowing upwards, gradually affecting the fruits, which leads to their rapid decay.

We recommend you check out To diversify varieties, ennoble wilds and breathe new strength into old trees, they are grafted. To do this, you need a cutting from a healthy apple tree: a branch about 30-35 centimeters long, growing upwards. It is cut at an acute angle, doing it in the fall or early winter (in extreme cases, very early in the spring, before the juice appears in the kidneys). They store the scion stalk where it is cold and damp.
Codling moth Apple trees are unpretentious and grow on almost any soil. However, most of all they love well-manured soil with enough potassium, as well as the sun in good doses. Slight frosts and lack of water are not able to harm. But what is detrimental to the apple tree is the close presence of groundwater. At the same time, the roots rot, and the tree cannot be saved in any way. If you have such a situation on your site, and you want apples, then choose dwarf varieties that have small roots.

dangerous neighbor

These are different types of cancer.

(moniliosis, monilial burn) - a fungus that affects shoots and buds immediately after flowering begins. Externally, the plant looks like it has been scorched by fire. In summer, a gray coating forms on the fruits, the berries fall off or dry out. favorable conditions cool, rainy summer. Treatment is reduced to sawing and burning damaged branches and all parts of fruit crops. It inhibits the spread of rot by early spring and autumn spraying with Bordeaux liquid.

Spraying must be done several times a year: The compositions in question should be diluted in a quantitative ratio of 2 mg for every 10 liters of water. In this case, the processing is best done using a special spray gun in early spring, before flowering. After that, without fail, it will be necessary to treat the tree with copper chloride, for which a drug called "Hom" is perfect. It should be diluted in the amount of 40 g per bucket of water.
fight small pests; Do not over-fertilize the soil - this can also lead to diseases;

The development of powdery mildew occurs mainly in the warm season in conditions of sharp fluctuations in temperature and high humidity.

However, an excess of moisture can also adversely affect the development of plants. The most known disease caused by excess fluid is called dropsy. Its main symptoms include:

It is necessary to graft when the juices in the tree are most active - in spring or summer. There are dozens of methods for this. The easiest way is to graft behind the bark (into a cut made in depth) or into a split (splitting a prepared branch cut). They try to press the cutting tightly against the stock, and then they coat everything with garden pitch and wrap it with a tape of soft material.

A gray inconspicuous striped butterfly emerges from the cocoon in June, immediately laying eggs on the inside of the leaves, after 10 days pink caterpillars appear from them. They are our apples and spoil, climbing inside. And then (about a month later) they go to winter in a cocoon. Fallen under the bark or under the leaves.

In order for the apple tree to please you with its wonderful fruits every year (by the way, up to 300 kilograms per season can be harvested from an adult tree), you need to take care of it. Water when dry, protect against rodents, feed. And protect from diseases and all sorts of harmful caterpillars with worm bugs. More on this later.

sait-pro-dachu.ru

Diseases of apple trees and their treatment: photos and signs of diseases, pests and their control

Black

Acquaintance with the apple tree

Hole spotting

1. Blue spraying in the green cone or budding phase. 2. If necessary, the trees are treated after they have faded. 3. The last spraying is carried out 20 days before harvesting.

Sometimes, after performing the above actions, the plant visually looks normal, there are no signs of the disease on it. It is mandatory to collect all the fruits. To minimize the likelihood of recurrence of the disease, treatment should also be performed with Bordeaux liquid - a 1% solution. A solution of copper sulphate is also perfect. It should be mixed in an amount of 50 g per bucket of water, while adding 20 g of liquid soap.

Fertilize and disinfect the soil appropriately.

Do not leave plant debris and heaps of garbage in the garden.

Often the disease appears after overfeeding the plant with nitrogen fertilizers. One of the most important conditions in the fight against powdery mildew is the removal of diseased shoots. The second stage of protection is the use of phosphorus supplements and organic fertilizers. Be sure to spray the trees with fungicides, the most effective of which is Topaz. There are also several folk recipes that can protect against powdery mildew:

Sudden fall of healthy leaves;

How to properly vaccinate in a split in the spring, look at the video:

Scab on an apple tree - how to fight?

We fight like this: before the buds swell, we clean the tree from the dead bark, which must be burned. And when the tree fades, we prepare a solution (water 10 liters plus lime 40 grams plus arsenic-acid calcium 30 grams). We spray twice - how the apple tree will bloom and how the extra ovaries will fall off.

Do you want to get fruits earlier - five or six years after planting seedlings? There is one way, which consists in the regular feeding of young animals with weak nitrogen fertilizers (certainly liquid). A tablespoon of ammonium nitrate goes to a bucket of water. In June, trees are fed weekly, and in July - twice a month. So until they begin to bear fruit.

- apple trees get sick more often than pears. The beginning of the current is accompanied by the formation of brown dents on the bark, in the forks of branches. Over time, the trunk acquires a “burnt” appearance, the stem crumbles, flakes off, exposing black wood. The ovaries, foliage darken and fall. After 3-4 years, the whole tree disappears. Treatment and prevention - careful care of the garden, in the early stages - autumn cleaning of wounds with a knife, followed by disinfection with copper sulphate and treatment with garden pitch. By and large, it is better to saw out and burn the infected parts.

powdery mildew

(klyasterosporiosis) - the name makes it clear what kind of green shoots it takes on. One summer, the peach looked riddled with shot. Then all the greens with flowers and ovaries simply fell off. I was left without a crop, but I saved the garden. The fungus receded into next year after repeated spring processing at the stage of the kidneys - iron sulfate, after the appearance of buds - Bordeaux liquid.

All work on the treatment of fruit trees associated with the use of solutions is best entrusted to specialists. They will determine exactly when to conduct them and at what interval.

Apple bark disease - common cancer (European)

Why do apple tree leaves turn yellow in June? The reason for this may be the most common fruit rot. Despite the name, it affects not only the apples themselves, but also the leaves. However, the main sign of the presence of this type of disease is the presence of severe damage to the fetus.

Often, this kind of event becomes enough to prevent infection of the tree with black cancer. If there are any plants on the site that were nevertheless affected by this disease, it is necessary to cut off the black sections of the bark and branches, and then burn them outside the site.

Pests of apple trees and methods of dealing with them: codling moth, flower beetle, sawfly

But, if you suddenly find any signs of infection in the garden, be sure to carry out tree spraying activities to prevent the development of diseases and preserve the crop.

Pour 100 g of ash with a liter of boiling water and leave the mixture for a day. After that, strain and add a little soap diluted in water. Spray the trees with this solution twice at weekly intervals;

Death of shoots (if you do not start fighting the disease, the tree itself will die in a couple of years);

If rodents have severely gnawed your apple tree, grafting with a “bridge” can save it. Why take several cuttings aged 1 year. They need to be inserted below and above the place where there is damage. Then everything is smeared and fixed. In a month there should be the first leaves.

Not bad help from the codling moth unbelted in the summer, special trapping belts. They can be used from July. A good bait for caterpillars is dried fruit compote or kvass. You can also pour whey from milk.

Let us dwell on the three diseases of this plant, which are most common. All of them are called different types fungi.

Bacterial

The infection settles not only on the branches, but also on the trunk.

Trees can have various kinds of damage, depending on them, the wounds are divided into groups. Without going into detail on small details, we can say that all wounds are of two types: resulting from infection and as a result of mechanical damage.

A disease of this type is the most dangerous, since its presence can only be detected after the end of the flowering process, when spoiled fruits are found. Fighting fruit rot is quite difficult - it damages apples even before they ripen. The best way out of the situation is to simply prevent the onset of the disease.

One of the most FAQ gardeners: scab on an apple tree - how to deal with it? This disease is easy to identify. It appears almost immediately after the plant is infected. The first sign of infection is rust on the leaves of the apple tree. If possible, it is necessary to start fighting the disease as soon as possible.

We carry out prevention

Rust on apple leaves, as well as other defects on various parts plants indicate the presence of the disease. If such symptoms are found, urgent measures should be taken.

Fresh mullein may also help. To prepare the solution, take 3 liters of manure, fill it with water and leave the mixture for a couple of days, stirring occasionally. After this time, strain the solution through a cloth and dilute again with water in a ratio of 1:10. It is advisable to spray the trees with such a solution in the evening to avoid sunburn. It must be remembered that only fresh mullein will be effective, and therefore the solution must be prepared before each use;
The fruits become tasteless and quickly deteriorate;

So, apple trees are not capricious trees and do not require anything special. If you treat them carefully and protect them from misfortunes, then for decades they will gratefully delight with apples - sweet and delicious. And enough for jam, and for marshmallow, and eat fresh.

Sawfly

It is this infection that most often attacks apple trees. It is not fatal, but can affect yields. Yes, and affected apples are not stored at all and do not have a presentation. The disease begins with spots on the underside of the leaves. They are greenish brown. And then brown spots and appear on the fruits, turning over time into a hard crust.

- ugly growths form on the roots and in the root region, they grow over time. Caused by a bacterium that lives in the soil. It is difficult to get rid of it, seedlings with signs of cancer are burned. Prevention - disinfection garden tools in a formalin solution, the use of potash and phosphorus fertilizers that increase immunity.
Gum treatment

Grafting an apple tree in spring or summer into a split is the second youth of a tree

It is best to just try to prevent the appearance of this kind of disease on fruits and trees. It is quite simple to do this: preventive treatment should be performed using a conventional nitrafen emulsion - this substance is diluted in an amount of 200 g per 10 liters of water. The following drugs are also excellent for combating the disease of the type in question:

The disease of this type is the most common fungus. It is possible to save a tree only if the sites of infection are detected in a timely manner. If you start the disease too much, then you can say goodbye to the plant. It is best to familiarize yourself with the signs of apple disease in advance from a photograph.

To date, there are a very large number of diseases of the apple tree. The most common are the following varieties:

The use of curdled milk. In the fight against powdery mildew, yogurt helps - dilute it with water in a ratio of 1:10. After that, spray the plants with the resulting mixture.

Plants can become covered with lichen.