The best protection of wood from moisture and rotting. Methods for applying means to protect wood from decay Protection of wood from ultraviolet impregnation

To date, domestic and foreign manufacturers are represented by very a large number of various means for protecting wood (from fire, sun, moisture, beetles, fungus, etc.). In order not to regret the lost money in the future, carefully choose these products. We offer a list of the most known means designed to protect wood.

Russian wood protection products

"BIOX" - often used as decorative coating. Presented in two types:

1. colorless (shows the pattern of the tree, making it brighter);
2. colored (gives the wood the desired shade, leaving the texture of the tree).

Approximate consumption of the product: for planed wood - 0.1 l per 1 m, for unplaned wood - 0.2 l per 1 m.

"KSD" - is used for external processing of wooden structures (then an oil or synthetic coating is applied).

Possesses fire-fighting properties.

"WOOD DOCTOR"- provides the most complete biological protection of the tree. To date, there are four types (brands) of this antiseptic:

1. grade 1 is used for preventive surface treatment;
2. grade 2 - for processing infected wood;
3. grade 3 - for the destruction of rot on wood;
4. grade 4 - for protection against insects that feed on wood fiber (especially against beetles).

The consumption of the product depends on the quality of the tree (planed or unplaned wood) and its condition.

"BARKIS" - is an anti-corrosion waterproofing composition. It is applied to complex protection of concrete, brick or wooden products. This composition is resistant to acid, alkali and salt solutions. But only a synthetic coating is put on it.

Approximate consumption: 0.3 l per 1 m.

"AQUATEX" - is a protective antiseptic coating on water based(similar to "Pinotex").

Approximate consumption: for planed wood - 1 liter per 7-10 m, for unplaned wood - 1 liter per 4-5 m.

"SOTEKS" - is a protective antiseptic coating based on a solvent (in no case acetone), an analogue of "Pinotex".

Approximate consumption: 1 liter per 4-10 m (depending on the roughness of the wood).

"BIOSEPT" - bioprotective coating.

Approximate consumption: 0.15-0.20 l per 1 m.

OLIFA NATURAL- used to protect wood (before coating the surface with a composition on oil based). It is absorbed into the wood quite deeply.

Approximate consumption: 0.1 l per 1 m

Finnish means of protection

"Valtti Podhuste"- (or "Valtti-Pohja") - is a primer composition that is very well absorbed by wood and slows down the action of bacteria from a humid environment. All these compounds retain the texture of wood (provided that they are not tinted).

"Valtti Aqua Color"- this tool protects not only external, but also internal surfaces from mold and blue. In this case, the latter do not need to be varnished.

"Vinha" - it contains special additives that prevent the formation of mold and blue. Has water repellent properties. This tool is used for painting both new and previously treated wooden surfaces with antiseptics.

"Homeenpoisto-1"- is the best remedy to remove mold. This is a special solution for washing (removing) fungus and mold from wooden, concrete and plastered surfaces.

"Valtti Color" is a matte decorative agent for protecting wood from ultraviolet radiation, decay, blue and mold. Retains the texture of wood. On the internal surfaces, this composition is varnished.

Approximate consumption: for unplaned wood - 1 liter per 4-8 m, for planed wood - 1 liter per 8-12 m.

"Valtti Color Extra"- is a glossy jelly-like oil-based decorative film-forming agent that provides wood with long-term protection against UV, rot, blue and mold. This composition preserves the texture of the wood.

Approximate consumption: for an unplaned surface - 1 liter per 4-8 m, for a planed surface - 1 liter per 8-12 m.

"Valtti Aqua Color"- it is a water-borne means for the protection of wooden surfaces (base - vegetable oil). Protects wood from mold, decay, blue stain. Retains texture. It is applied to internal and external protection of a tree.

"Valti Color Satin" is a semi-gloss film-forming glazing antiseptic that adds shine to the wooden surface. Protects wood from a fungus, an ultraviolet, rotting, a mold, blue. Retains the texture of wood. It is applied to external processing.

Approximate consumption: for an unplaned surface - 1 liter per 4-8 m, for a planed surface - 1 liter per 8-12 m.

"Valtti Podhuste"- this colorless primer composition containing linseed oil. Absorbs into wood and slows down the effects of moisture, fungus, rot, mold, blue stain. The top is covered with paint.

Approximate consumption: 1 liter per 4-10 m.

"Vinha" - is a semi-gloss acrylatex covering agent (contains alkyd) for protection and finishing wooden facades. It also contains additives against the formation of mold and blue stains on wood and has a water-repellent property. It is used to cover new (as well as previously treated with antiseptics) wood.

Approximate consumption: for an unplaned surface - 1 liter per 4-6 m, for a planed surface - 1 liter per 8-10 m.

German protective equipment

"Alligator Diffundin Holz-Impregnirung"- colorless water-based matt primer for exterior and internal works. It has a high protective property in wet rooms (against rotting, plants and insects).

Approximate consumption: 0.1 l per 1 m.

"Alligator Diffundin-Biolinium"- the varnish is applied to processing of any wood. It is based on an emulsion vegetable oils. It is used both for external, and for internal works. Weather resistant (though vapor permeable). Protects against so-called warping, bubbling and flaking.

Approximate consumption: 0.1 l per 1 m.

"Alligator Diffundin Holzfarbe"- fire-retardant paint for wood, diluted with water, resistant to all weather conditions, as well as to industrial exhaust gases. This paint is vapor-permeable, highly elastic, bio-resistant, preserves the wood structure.

Approximate consumption: 0.1 l per 1 m.

"Remmers Idol AshKa - Azure 2000"- is a glazing paint. It is used for processing wood that does not have contact with the soil. Protects from blue sun rays, dampness, wood rot and insects. It is applied only on a dry and cleaned wooden surface at least 2 layers. When processing the surface of the oak, it is pre-primed with colorless paint. Does not flake or form cracks. It is strictly forbidden to store this product in the cold.

"Remmers Idol Hydro Blaugrunt"- represents the water primer for wood protecting from blue. Dries within 1 hour.

Approximate consumption: 0.25 l per 1 m.

"Remmers Idol Farblazur"- is a protective and decorative azure (on an alkyd basis) for any kind of wood. Not only protective, but also decorative properties, therefore, does not require additional final coating. It is used both indoors and outdoors. With proper observance of the application technology, it will last from 8 to 10 years.

Approximate consumption: 0.08 l per 1 m.

"Remmers Adolite Holzbau B"- is a means of long-term action to combat rot, house fungus, worms and house wood bugs. Very well absorbed.

Approximate consumption: 0.1 l per 1 m.

"Ryza Holtziegel"- the varnish is applied both to internal, and to external works (on an alkyd basis). Elastic, scratch resistant. Contains fungicidal additives, applied in 2-3 layers. This lacquer is matte and glossy.

Approximate consumption (per layer): 0.13 l per 1 m.

"Relius Holz Grunt"- represents a primer for protection of wooden products from blue (on a water basis). Penetrates deep into wood. Used for outdoor work.

Approximate consumption: 105 ml per 1 m.

"Relius Holzimpregner Grunt"- is a primer on an alkyd basis. Protects against blue stain and fungus. Penetrates deep into wood. Used for outdoor work.

Approximate consumption: 100 ml per 1 m.

"Marshal Martex" It is a protective impregnation for wood. Saves natural look and structure of wood. Penetrates deep into the surface. Protects against bacteria and insects. Prevents the formation of fungi. It is applied both to internal, and to external works.

Approximate consumption: 1 liter per 12 m.

"Marshal Yachtny" - is a waterproof and light-resistant glossy varnish (based on urethane alkyd). Protects a wooden surface from influence of aggressive external environment. Often used to cover parquet.

Approximate consumption: 1 liter per 10-16 m.

"Marshal Parke" is a varnish that protects a wooden surface from the effects of an aggressive external environment. Often used to cover parquet.

Approximate consumption: 1 l per 10-16 m.

PINOTEX security products

PINOTEX AQUA BASE is a water-soluble, colorless primer for the protection of wooden surfaces. Well absorbed. Used for priming wood before using Pinotex classic, Pinotex Ultra, Pinotex Special or oil-alkyd paints.

Approximate consumption: 1 liter per 7-11 m.

PINOTEX BASE is a colorless primer for the protection of wooden surfaces. Well absorbed. It is used for priming wood before using Pinotex Classic, Pinotex Ultra, Pinotex Special or oil-alkyd paints.

Approximate consumption: 1 liter per 8-14 m.

PINOTEX SPECIAL is an opaque paint (based on alkyd-linseed oil) for the protection of wooden surfaces. Contains components that prevent diseases of the tree. Forms an elastic light-resistant water-repellent film on the surface. Toned in 44 tones.

Approximate consumption: 1 liter per 6-12 m.

PINOTEX ULTRA is a decorative wood preservative that is resistant to environment. Best suited for planed wood. Allows you to reveal the texture of the surface, keeping it natural beauty. Toned.

Approximate consumption: 1 liter per 6-12 m.

PINOTEX WOOD OIL is a transparent wood protection oil based on natural and modified oils and waxes for all wood surfaces. It does not form a skin film and provides a highly water-repellent surface while emphasizing the grain of the wood.

Approximate consumption: 1 liter per 15-20 m.

PINOTEX CLASSIC is used as a decorative, environmentally resistant agent for the protection of all wooden surfaces. Allows you to reveal the texture, while maintaining the natural beauty of wood. Toned.

Approximate consumption: 1 liter per 8-14 m

Means of protection of the company "AI SI AY"

Dulux fungicidal Wash is a water-based antifungal (fungicidal) solution. It is used to treat wooden surfaces infected with mold, fungus, etc. A day after application, it is necessary to remove the mold from the wooden surface, and rinse the wood with clean water.

Approximate consumption: 1 liter per 30 m

Dulux Exterior - "Dulux Exterior Przevativ Bayskoat" (Great Britain). It is a protective primer for outdoor wood flooring. When using it, all coatings will not fall off ahead of time.

Approximate consumption: 1 liter per 25 m.

Dulux Protective Woodstain is a semi-gloss wood stain. Protection lasts about 4 years. Durable, water-repellent finish. Doesn't fade or peel off. reflects ultra-violet rays, destroying the structure of the tree. Environmentally friendly product. Can be used outside and inside!

Very economical, approximate consumption: 1 liter per 22-25 m.

Wood has been used as a building material for over a hundred years. It is she who is preferred to be used for the construction of baths, houses, cottages. It is the most environmentally friendly, safe and warm material with low thermal conductivity. And also in wood, the aesthetically attractive appearance. Therefore, it is often used as decorative element for the implementation of external and internal finishing of the log house. But the service life of a wooden material can be reduced due to atmospheric influence on it. After all, moisture, insects, precipitation, wind, sunlight, fungus and fire are dangerous for the strength and other characteristics of wood. And in order to extend the service life of this building material, it is necessary to provide it with reliable and timely protection.

The main causes of the destruction of wood according to scientific developments

Wood is alive natural material containing a certain percentage of moisture. The amount of moisture varies depending on the ambient temperature, air humidity and other weather conditions. Water has a strong influence on the structure of wood: on a cloudy, rainy day, it swells, and on the contrary, it dries out in summer. From these constant changes, the strength of the structure suffers greatly. Therefore, wood must be protected from moisture.

A photo: proper storage lumber in a stack.

saving wooden material from water, it is not necessary to finish (cover) it with a film, oilcloth. After all, wood must breathe and a violation of air exchange will lead to the formation of an even more serious problem - damage to the wooden material by fungus or mold. And they, in turn, will provoke the development of putrefactive processes, which will lead in the near future to the complete destruction of the entire structure.

Photo: incorrect storage of timber in a stack.

How to deal with atmospheric influence on wood material

The condition of wood depends on natural conditions in which it is located. From ultraviolet, moisture, the structure of wood is destroyed, its shade and density change. Biological agents and insects destroy the strength characteristics of the material. Wood for carpenter beetles is both food and shelter. They, being in the structure of the tree, destroy its strength, making many holes (moves) in it. Precipitation, temperature changes lead to rotting of wood. The first signs of the appearance of putrefactive processes in a wooden material are the formation of fungi and mold on its surface.

To provide wood with proper and reliable protection, it is necessary to periodically treat it with protective compounds. Best of all, antiseptic agents cope with the appearance of microorganisms, insects. And to prevent the penetration of moisture into the wood structure, film-forming, water-repellent compounds should be used: varnishes, paints, etc.

In the modern construction market there are a large number of complex tools. They perform protective function, thanks to the fungicides included in the composition and decorative.

Opinions of experts on the protection of wood from biological agents

Will help protect wood from biological agents and various insects Yaroslavl decorative antiseptic PREMIA. This tool has large quantity positive feedback from developers and builders. It is intended to ensure the protection of wood from atmospheric phenomena and biological contamination for 7 years, as well as to decorative finishes. It also prevents the influence of sunlight on the wooden material, delaying ultraviolet radiation in the outer layer. The PREMIA decorative antiseptic can be used both inside and outside the premises.

It has an environmentally friendly composition, with a minimum content of solvents. It includes highly effective fungicides that protect wood from blue stain, fungus, mold, woodworms. And they are also able to eliminate the already begun damage to the material by biological agents.

This tool can improve decorative characteristics wooden material, giving it a shade of any type of wood after application, thanks to the alkyd varnish and pigments included in the composition. Antiseptic PREMIA emphasizes the structure of wood, uniformly tones it. This composition is easy to apply, well absorbed into the structure of the material and dries quickly (after 24 hours after application). After processing, a breathable coating is formed on the surface of the wooden material, through which you can see the pattern of the unique wood structure.

One of the best decorative antiseptics at the same time, intended for processing log cabins of houses, baths and other wooden structures, is decorative Bystrolak from the Yaroslavl Paints company. The basis of its safe and economical composition is alkyd varnish, pigments, fungicides. It can be used both for carrying out work outside (painting benches, fences, window frames etc.), and indoors (applied to doors, walls, furniture).

The resulting layer of varnish dries very quickly, at an air temperature of +20 it may take only 5 hours. Bystrolak is resistant to the negative effects of atmospheric phenomena. He is not afraid of the sun's rays, precipitation, temperature changes. After applying Bystrolak, the surface of the wood acquires a beautiful, glossy sheen. And the structure of the material under the resulting layer is not hidden, but emphasized and stands out favorably. Available in the palette of this tool 9 shades imitating various breeds wood (ash, rosewood, golden oak, walnut, pine, oregon, mahogany, teak, mountain ash).

Protective decorative compositions for finishing coating and protecting a wooden structure, there are many means. But all of them are either high cost or low quality. In terms of quality and price, I consider Neomid Biocolor Ultra to be the best. This domestic company has been tested for years, consumers appreciate the funds for their environmental friendliness and efficiency.

Biocolor Ultra is made on an alkyd basis. It provides the wooden material with reliable protection against atmospheric phenomena, cracking, mold formation, rot, and insects. It contains microwax, which provides elasticity to the resulting coating and additional water-resistant characteristics. This decorative agent also protects wood from sunlight, prevents its fading, due to the presence of a UV filter in the composition.

Biocolor Ultra can be used indoors and outdoors. It does not affect the structure of wood, only emphasizes its beauty. It is easily applied on a wooden surface, a semi-gloss, translucent layer is formed. Color palette decorative composition consists of 9 shades, including colorless. But it can be tinted with special pastes.

One of the most widely used building materials in modern world unmistakably wood. Houses, baths or gazebos are built from it, fences are built and furniture is made, and wood is also used for interior and exterior decoration in individual housing and for public buildings. This material boasts a lot of advantages, among which the most significant is its environmental friendliness and availability. But along with positive qualities present and negative properties- risk of fire, possibility of decay and high moisture absorption. The article will discuss the means and methods of wood protection.

Since ancient times, they tried to protect wooden buildings and structures by impregnating boards and logs. various formulations based on vinegar or salt. Modern development technology and the chemical industry allows you to create more reliable multi-component compositions that can effectively withstand various adverse factors, protecting wood for a long time and extending its service life.

Factors that negatively affect wood

Wood is a specific material that is demanding on the conditions of use. When using, it is necessary to take into account many nuances, protecting buildings from adverse events that can significantly reduce the life of wooden structures.

• First of all, it should be taken into account that a tree belongs to a “living” product containing moisture, which means that its percentage may vary depending on weather conditions. At high humidity wooden crafts they absorb water from the air and the environment, while their volume increases (swells), and in dry times, on the contrary, they dry out, losing in size.

• This fact can greatly affect the construction, so if the wood is not protected in time, then the entire structure will suffer if the humidity fluctuates. Therefore, one of the main negative factors can be attributed humidity(rain, fog). It is necessary to reduce the ability of boards and logs to absorb moisture, but at the same time without changing their natural ability to “breathe”.
• Also, with high humidity and without air access, the material may begin to rot, mold and fungi form on the surface, and various mosses begin to grow. In addition, pests such as bark beetles, barbels, woodworms, gold beetles and termites can be introduced, making labyrinth passages in the tree, which spoils not only the appearance, but also its structure. So, to the next factor, which has Negative influence, can be attributed microorganisms and insects. In order to prevent their development, experts recommend processing wooden structures various antiseptic compounds.
• Another dangerous factor is the fire. Fires annually destroy hundreds of buildings, which is why it is so important to protect wooden structures with special means - fire retardants, which will prevent the spread of combustion.

• In addition, wood often suffers from exposure ultraviolet radiation . Intense sunlight is dangerous for the wooden surface, which gradually begins to break down. UV rays have a particularly detrimental effect on lignin (a polymer compound in the structure of plants that provides hardness and rigidity), the structure, color and density change. building material, therefore, it is necessary to take timely preventive measures.

From each of these factors in the modern world there is a specially designed means of protection. Unfortunately, not yet invented universal formulations, protecting immediately from everything, thus, based on where wooden products will be used, protective preparations should be chosen.

Protecting wood from moisture

• High humidity is detrimental to wood, if its content exceeds 20-30% for a long time, then the wood begins to break down. Moreover, if the product is dried abruptly, then it is likely that it will begin to exfoliate, crack and change appearance and shape (warp). Moisture has a negative effect on products from almost any type of wood, with the exception of tropical trees such as kusia (bilinga), azobe, ipe, kumaru and some others, from which decking is most often made.

Even well-dried wooden material, not treated with any special means, begins to absorb moisture from the air over time, this property is called hygroscopicity. Depending on the type of wood and the quality of drying, the absorbent properties may vary.

There is such a thing as intracellular moisture, according to which wood products are divided into the following categories:

• wet, with a humidity of 100% or more, occurs during prolonged contact of wooden products with water;
• freshly cut, with a moisture content of 50-100%, the indicator may fluctuate depending on the season in which the tree was cut down, so products harvested in winter are drier and stronger;
• air-dry, with a humidity of 15-25%, possibly subject to long-term storage in air;
• room-dry, with a humidity of 5-10%, when stored in closed ventilated and heated rooms;
• dry, with a moisture content of 0-5%, can only be achieved by drying in special apparatus.

In construction, it is recommended to use wood, the moisture content of which is in the range of 10-15%, since with an increase in this indicator, strength qualities decrease. It is important to protect the wood at the processing stage, and not in the finished structure. Means to reduce the moisture absorption of the material are called water repellents. All developed water-repellent preparations can be divided into two main groups:

• compositions that form a film on the surface, they do not differ in a long period of action, so it is necessary to periodically repeat the treatment;

• compounds that penetrate into the pores of wood, such means provide more resistant protection and form a durable barrier.

Important: water repellents do not change the appearance of the material, their main function is the long-term preservation of wood from the penetration of water vapor and moisture. Incoming water simply rolls off the surface and does not form wet marks and smudges. In addition, many products are able to increase the frost resistance of wood, so that deep cracks do not form on products in winter.

Manufacturers produce products that differ in composition, structure and application methods. Some products may be in the form of a paste, while others may be oil impregnations.

Methods for applying means to protect wood from decay

• The surface intended for processing is cleaned of dirt and dust, as well as existing oil and grease stains. Water-repellent film-forming agents are applied with a roller, brush or spray, depending on the degree of density of the preparation.
• It is necessary to apply the water repellent at a time to the entire surface without gaps and without too much layering. It is allowed to work at temperatures from +5 to +30 degrees.
• The effectiveness of the composition appears after 15-30 hours, until this moment it is desirable to protect the processed products from moisture, wind and sunlight. Special attention should be given to the end of the boards and logs.

• Penetrating water repellents are applied in several stages, drying each layer for 30-180 minutes. If possible, it is best to immerse the processed materials for a short time in containers with the agent, for its deeper penetration into the wood structure. Moisture-proof compounds are necessarily used in the construction of facades made of wood.

fire protection

The most terrible and dangerous enemy not only of wood, but also of man is fire. Chemical industry tries to create various fire retardants that make wood products and structures fire resistant. Of course, it is impossible to completely eliminate flammability this material, means only increase the time of non-flammability of wood.

Flame retardants are available in the form:

• liquid formulations, which include:
  1. varnishes - form a thin transparent film that preserves the wood texture;
  2. impregnations - an aqueous solution of salts used as a composition for deep penetration;
  3. enamels, paints - form a thin layer of color and give a decorative look.
• solid formulations, which include:
  1. backfill - loose powdery substance;
  2. coatings - a pasty substance that does not have decorative properties.

Impregnations are considered the most effective protective preparations. Also, all products are divided into products designed for deep penetration and products for surface treatment. Suitable for external processing (weather-resistant), for internal processing (non-weather-resistant) and aggressive-resistant (operated when exposed to an aggressive environment - vapors, gases).

The main distinguishing ability of fire retardants is the principle of their action:

• active- These are substances that emit non-combustible gases that prevent the free access of oxygen to the surface, thereby reducing the spread of flames. Aqueous solutions of salts are added to the composition of such products, which, under the influence high temperatures melt and form protective layer, preventing the penetration of fire;
• passive- form a porous structure during application and retain the strength properties of wood when ignited. They, in turn, can be divided into intumescent and non-intumescent compositions.

Important: flame retardants for the protection of wood are mandatory for use in residential buildings, especially when processing the internal parts of buildings - windows, door frames, wooden walls and partitions.

Flame retardants do not change the structure of the wood material, but slight toning can sometimes be observed. On top of the applied solution, almost any other substance can be applied - paints, primers, plasters, and so on.

Flame retardant application methods

The highest quality protection is provided by compounds applied in industrial conditions, but self-application can help prevent the terrible consequences of a fire.

• As a rule, fire retardants are applied superficially with a brush or roller, and the manufacturer also produces products in aerosol cans. When processing poorly dried wood, it is recommended to use water-soluble fire retardants, since organic-soluble compounds simply cannot penetrate deep into the material. The maximum humidity of the processed products should not exceed 15%.

• Any flame retardants are applied to wood in finished structures, which is not expected to be subjected in the future mechanical impact. Before proceeding with the impregnation, it is necessary to remove all dirt, dust and various substances from the surface that prevent the solution from penetrating deep into the wood structure. If processing is carried out in a closed space, then safety measures should be observed: use means personal protection(mask, suit), and at the end of the treatment, ventilate the room well.
• The ambient temperature should be more than +5 degrees, and the air humidity should not exceed 70%, it is also not recommended to carry out processing in intense sunlight or on cloudy and rainy days. Fire-retardant preparations are applied in an even continuous layer, without sags and gaps, special attention is paid to the joints of parts. For better grip with the surface, the flame retardant solution can be slightly heated.
• If products are processed small size, it is allowed to carry out dipping in fire-retardant solutions. To do this, the agent is poured into the container and the object to be processed is immersed for at least 30-60 minutes. At the same time, it is important to ensure that the liquid level is 8-10 cm higher than the workpiece. Depending on the recommendations of a specialist, wood should be kept in such a solution for up to 24 hours.

• It is recommended to carry out re-impregnation after 2-3 years of service, since repeated processing only increases the effectiveness of protection. If it becomes necessary to temporarily remove the fireproof layer, then additional processing should be carried out for further operation.

Protection of wood from fungus, mold and insects

• Unfavorable climatic phenomena - precipitation, temperature fluctuations, intense sunlight can negatively affect the structure of wood, leading to the appearance of decay processes: rot, mold or fungi. If the affected areas are too extensive, it is almost impossible to save a wooden structure. That is why preventive treatment should be carried out with the help of antiseptics, which can be produced in liquid or pasty form.

• Wood preservatives do not kill bacteria, they only prevent their spread. Therefore, if the process of reproduction of microorganisms is already in the active phase, then antiseptic treatment should be carried out only after the use of special potent drugs - fungicides.
• Logs and boards must be protected by antiseptics at all times: they are covered for the first time before transportation, especially if long-term storage material. They are re-processed after installation and final cleaning. On top of antiseptics, paints and varnishes can be applied.

• Buying protective equipment, it should be taken into account that different materials consume different amounts of solution. For example, for processing pine boards which already have a natural protective layer, less antiseptic agents will be required than for the impregnation of rounded logs.
• Do right choice antiseptics will help precise definition the purpose for which they are purchased. So, for processing wood during transportation and for processing unfinished buildings left on winter period, you will need two absolutely different means. In addition, on such structural elements as logs, lower crowns, draft floors, floor beams, rafter system and other parts that carry a power load, special solutions are required (hard-to-wash or non-wash-out) that can reliably protect structural parts for their entire service life. Such compositions, as a rule, stain the wood in gray or brown colors and are not suitable for application to the facade or for decoration.

UV Protection

Wooden buildings, long under open sky, over time, lose their external attractiveness, begin to blacken and collapse. Such an effect on wood is exerted by UV rays. Therefore, if the surface is not protected from their impact in time, it is almost impossible to stop the destruction in the future.

• Means that prevent the penetration of ultraviolet radiation to the surface of wood contain special additives and pigments that absorb harmful radiation. When choosing a protective composition, it is worth giving preference to those on the packaging of which is marked “absorption of UV radiation”.
• The treated wooden surface can last 8-10 years, after this period the protective agent must be reapplied. Colorless products will have to be updated a little more often than colored ones (about every 2-3 years). processing wood conifers, the surface should be pre-primed with anti-blue compounds. Impregnations are applied with a brush or roller, in one layer, and then covered with azure.

The sequence of application of solutions for wood treatment

Protecting wooden structures, as a rule, should be done in a complex, that is, the use of all means has equal priorities.

• First of all, even at the stage of harvesting and transportation, wood must be treated with antiseptic solutions that prevent the development of putrefactive processes and are a prophylactic against wood-destroying insects.
• On top of antiseptics, if necessary, fire retardants are treated to prevent fire. The choice of a particular product depends on preference, but you should definitely pay attention to compatibility with other protective equipment.
• Then wooden products can be treated with water-repellent impregnations that prevent moisture from entering the structure of the material, while not interfering with the removal of excess moisture, that is, wood drying will take place in normal mode. Such protection will help prevent washing out of antiseptics and flame retardants.
• The last layer can be any paint and varnish product, which contains additives or pigments that can absorb ultraviolet radiation.
• Do not forget about sealing seams and joints. This procedure can be done using acrylic sealants, which provide reliable protection and are an environmentally friendly product. In addition, they are able to reduce heat loss in wooden structures.
• For getting quality coverage processing is carried out under conditions that the wood has a moisture content of not more than 20%. In this case, the application of solutions is carried out on a warm, clear day. Especially carefully should be processed logs and other spherical wooden surfaces, as well as horizontal structures (railings, benches, bridges), since they are the most susceptible to moisture and UV radiation.

Manufacturers and product range

Hardware stores and markets offer consumers more than 100 different types of wood preservatives. Among the most popular are several major manufacturers.

Senezh-preparations

Russian company, leader in the production of specialized protective equipment for the protection of wood senezh. Produces and supplies a full range of drugs that protect against any adverse factors.

The company produces the following product categories:

• decorative compositions for wood;
• protective products for lumber and logging;
• antiseptic solutions for baths and saunas;
• solutions for wood conservation;
• biopyrenes;
• renewal agents;
• economy class antiseptics.

Belinka

Protective equipment from the company "Belinka":

• impregnations - contain biocides that prevent the destruction of wood (Base, Impregnant, Belbor fix concentrate, Belocid);
• surface azure coatings - protect wood from mechanical and climatic influences (Toplasur, Lasur, Interier, Interier Sauna, Exterier, Illumina).

NORTH

The research and production association produces biopyrenes and wood preservatives. The company began its activity in 1993 and today is a leader in the production of professional products, which in many respects surpass European counterparts. All products have quality certificates and are made only from environmentally friendly components.

Popular wood preservatives

• Aidol
• Alpina
• Aquawood Ligno+
• wood protection dial
• Dulux
• Eurotex
• Johnstones
• Lignovit Protect.
• Pinotex
• Polifarb
• Sadolin
• Select
• Teknos
• Tikkurila
• Woodworks
• Aquatex
• Barkis
• biox
• Biosept
• Valtti
• tree healer
• Drevotex
• Zatex
• KSD-A
• Favorite dacha
• Sotex
• Texturol

Criterias of choice

It is very easy to get confused and very difficult to make a choice in a store with showcases for wood protection products. To decide which product to purchase, you should carefully study the packaging, on which bona fide manufacturers indicate all the necessary information. If you need comprehensive protection, you need to make sure that the selected products are compatible with each other (it is best to purchase products from the same brand).

What to look for when choosing:

• how reliable and durable the tool is;
• does the product change the color of the wood;
• Does the solution have a chemical smell?
• whether special equipment is needed for the preparation and application of the mixture;
• How environmentally friendly is the solution?
• composition cost.

If wood protection products meet all the requirements and have only positive reviews, as well as all the necessary quality certificates, then the tool can be safely bought and used.

UV protection is necessary not only for the coating, but also for the wood itself. Ultraviolet - short-wave invisible radiation that is part of natural sunlight - is especially dangerous for wood.

Influence of UV rays

Essential feature of coatings paintwork materials(LKM) is the protection of the wood surface from harmful influence UV rays. They are part of the rays invisible to the human eye. solar spectrum, which due to high content energies can cause destruction. UV rays destroy lignin, the basis building timber, lignin is a natural polymer in the composition of wood (content 20-30%), which gives wood such properties as color, structure, density, hardness, etc. The destruction of lignin can be clearly observed in the process of fading and warping of paper in the sun. Similarly, ultraviolet affects wood products that are in the sun (windows and doors). Wood becomes gray and loose over time, its external and internal structure is destroyed, the appearance of the product deteriorates. Along with such an ugly color, the adhesion of this layer to the paintwork material also becomes insufficient, since the “destruction products” no longer provide a strong bond with undestroyed wood. Opaque systems do not transmit rays to the wood surface. Transparent systems have a lower pigment content and transmit rays, which leads to destruction.

UV protection

Not only wood, but also paintwork must be protected from harmful UV rays. A dark primer helps protect the wood from UV rays (even if the workpiece is covered with a light varnish, a slight graying does not immediately become noticeable). But a significant part of the UV rays is filtered through the light varnish. Therefore, the dried layer of varnish must be protected so that it does not become brittle and collapse. This means that the wood must additionally be protected from the harmful effects of UV rays.

Here, special UV protective agents are added, or, accordingly, higher pigmentation, which diverts UV rays.

To determine the effect of UV protection, you can pass UV rays through the coating layer and measure on the device - what is the output on the other side of the coating.

Absorption - absorption of radiation

Assistance can be provided by "absorption" of radiation (Absorption), there are three possibilities:

• An increase in the pigment content - in this case, the probability of the beam hitting the pigment increases, destruction decreases, but the overall tone of the colors becomes darker.
• Increasing the thickness of the layer also results in a darker layer, but there may be problems when the paint layer dries.
• Addition of UV protective agents - scattered or deflected rays lose their strength. For this, either additional substances are used that receive dangerous radiation and “sacrifice” themselves to some extent, or substances that are invisible and eliminate the danger by scattering radiation particles.

Determination of the protective effect of a coating eventually leads to a certain number, which, based on many years of experience, is 2.4% of the transmission of UV rays. This number represents the ratio of "absorbed" to the transmitted UV rays, through a certain part of the UV spectrum (440-280 nm).

Wood quickly ignites and burns. To increase the fire resistance of buildings, flame retardants are required to increase the duration of fire resistance. Particular attention should be paid to the processing of the house from the inside: windows, door frames, walls and non-capital partitions. Wood impregnated with flame retardants can withstand fire for up to two hours (depending on the product).

By composition, fire retardants are divided into two groups:

• containing low-melting salts,
• when heated, they emit gases that prevent ignition.

Often both types of substances are found in the same preparation.

Flame retardants are made liquid or solid in consistency. Liquid varnishes include varnishes for the formation of a film that preserves the texture of wood, deep penetration impregnations (water-based salt solution), enamels and paints that give the product a decorative effect. Solid fire retardants come in the form of fillings (powder) and coatings (pastes).

Antiprenes do not change the structure of wood, but they can slightly tint or decorate it. In the future, paint, primer, plaster and others can be applied over the fire-retardant preparation.

Photo: Instagram benjaminmooreukraine

How to protect wood from UV exposure

Under the intense light of the sun, the tree begins to collapse: it turns gray, fades, absorbs moisture, as it becomes porous, and, accordingly, rots. This is where preventive measures are important.

UV protection products contain absorbent additives and pigments. Such drugs on the packaging are labeled "absorption of UV radiation." Facade paints (especially dark colors) protect buildings for about 10 years. Further processing must be repeated. Colorless products need to be renewed every two to three years.