How to apply patina and color decorative elements. Applying patina or patination. Compositions and application Is it possible to paint iron elements with a wax patina

Patina was originally called a greenish-brown coating that appeared on bronze, copper, and wooden products after some time. Now there is an artificial method of aging any items from various materials especially for wood. When applying paint, the relief and texture of the product are accentuated, since dark paint penetrates into the recesses, while light paint remains on the protruding parts.

Stages of patination:

Surface treatment;

Patination or applying varnish in dark shades;

Rubbing the patina solution on the surface;

Fixing the effect with varnish.

Materials for patination:

Patination is carried out using a special paint, which often contains particles of bronze, silver and gold. This coating lasts much longer than natural plaque. In addition, the paint additionally protects the tree from destruction. Paint on almost any traditional base can be used for patination. The color of the paint can be either golden, silver, or red, purple, blue and other bright colors. Patination is carried out on solid wood, lamellas and MDF.

To create artificial antiquity, quite a lot of types of patinating compositions are used: stain, acrylic, bitumen, shellac, wax, oil. In this way, various shades with an individual effect are obtained.

It could be:

individual coverage;

partial refinement;

craquelure effect.

The consistency of the composition can also be different, it can also be a thick paste, which allows you to give the wood golden, red hues. To give the effect of glow and give the wood noble shades, a liquid patina is used (with a synthetic or water base). For an in-depth effect of antiquity with a craquelure effect, facet varnish is used. When applied, the surface is covered with cracks.

Proper patination of wooden surfaces begins with brushing. Soft wood fibers are removed with a stiff brush, hard longitudinal fibers remain intact. Dark stain is used for patination. Acrylic for patination is almost universal and can be used not only on wood, but also on plaster and metal. Acrylic patina has silver, gold, blue and other equally beautiful colors. Patination can be carried out on the entire surface of the product or only on its separate carved protruding part.

When applied different shades compositions, a deeper and more complex color is obtained. For a thin coating or, on the contrary, a rich golden hue, bituminous varnish is used. All recesses in the wood become black, and the edges begin to protrude outward. This varnish consists of a bituminous polymer, white spirit or turpentine. The surface after drying should be covered with shellac varnish. To create a mother-of-pearl overflow, a wax-based composition is used. This type of patina can be used for wooden products that will be placed in damp conditions, as they are protected from moisture by a wax layer.

Shellac is a yellow, red-brown paint-lacquer. The main color, the structure is preserved. Shellac can be used on its own or as a top coat. The oil composition is similar to shellac and saturates the wood with a natural color. To apply a patina surface, the surface is brushed with a metal brush, coarse sandpaper. Dust is brushed off with a soft brush. The surface is degreased. Chipboard, MDF are pre-primed.

Bituminous varnish, acrylic, wax are applied quite simply. The ingredients are applied with a brush. Surplus is removed with rags. If necessary, after drying, a second, third layer is applied. Shading is in progress. The dried surface is treated with fine sandpaper. Shellac varnish is applied on top. Stain is used to create the effect of an old oak surface. water stain applied to the brushed surface. To highlight the relief with a sponge, excess paint is removed. A fixing compound based on white spirit is applied on top.

To remove the texture, wax is applied to the stained surface. From above, everything is fixed with shellac. A more expensive finish is craquelure. It uses patina and facet varnish. First, facet varnish is applied in two layers, when it dries, you can start patinating.

When using any patinating composition, one should not forget about accuracy. You need to work carefully and accurately, this will create a beautiful aged thing that will decorate any home.

Do-it-yourself wood patination video:

Publications: 66

08.08.2016

Decorating techniques: patina

Real, natural patina (Patina antica) is a greenish coating on copper or bronze items, which gives any item a noble imprint of time and antiquity. But in our time, decorators have slightly expanded the scope of patina and made it possible to patinate not only metal, but also wood. As for wooden surfaces, the color of the patina can be anything - from dimming in the corners and patterns to golden or colored patina in the gutters of the product.

Types of patinating compounds

bituminous patina, or, as it is called in another way - bituminous varnish, applied to patterned, carved elements of the product. The composition penetrates into the recesses of the pattern, and then is erased from the surface with a cloth, leaving a noble darkening in the carved elements. The color of the patina can be adjusted by the amount of composition - the more it is, the darker the patina will be.

Acrylic patina- it is, in essence, just any shade of acrylic spilled on the product, and then rubbed and left in the corners or patterns. This is the simplest and safe view patination, moreover, you yourself can choose the color of the patina, which is limited only by imagination. Combinations look very classic. Ivory and dark brown patina, ebony and silver patina. As well as a terracotta product with a patina of gold color.

Shellac varnish is a mixture of a special resin and ethyl alcohol, which has a pleasant warm red-orange hue. Typically, varnish is used to highlight the texture of wood, but it works great for patination. You can adjust the shade by diluting the varnish to the desired light or dark state. Such a varnish looks very beautiful and natural on products painted with gold or bronze metallic paint.

Wax patina is a wax-based paint, water soluble. Such a patina is good because it is perfectly rubbed over the surface and various reliefs for which it is best suited. Also, with this composition, you can "age" the relief patterns from the texture paste and overwrite the cracks from, which the ECTS Blog wrote about earlier.

Metal patination

Patinating metal products with your own hands is quite difficult - until they came up with nothing better and more effective than the method in which the product is placed in a dark and humid room, saturated carbon dioxide. On average, a layer of patina appears in a month (maybe less - it all depends on the presence of copper carbonate in the metal itself), during which it is necessary to spray the product with a solution of acetic acid twice a day. This is the most difficult, but the most "natural" way to get a beautiful patina on metal.

There is another method - chemical patination special formulations. All compositions can be found in ordinary art stores, but the minus of such patination is the causticity and toxicity of such products and the special inconvenience when working with them in an apartment.

Wood patination

With patination of wood, unlike metals, everything is much simpler. That is why wooden products with patina are so popular even in modern interiors. You can do the patination yourself.

We will need

materials

Primer.
Acrylic paint.
Patina.
Lacquer to fix the result.

Tools

Sandpaper.
Brushes.
Dry and clean hard cloth.

Before work, it is necessary to process the product - if there is a layer of paint on it, remove it sandpaper if not, just polish and sand the surface. We remove all debris and dust, and only after that we begin to apply a primer.

After the protective layer has dried, it can be applied acrylic paint- base layer for patination. There may be several layers, but each of them will need to wait a day for drying. You can also emboss the paint layer with special paint rollers.

The patination process itself consists in the next step - we apply a darker shade of paint with a dry (!) Brush, or a paint "under the metal" - for example, gold. We apply it to the entire product, including corners and relief elements, which can be made darker by adding large quantity paints. We let the patina dry, and then wipe the top layer with a dry hard cloth or metallized cotton wool, adjusting the intensity of the patina with our movements. After this step, varnish the product.

Products with patina in the interior

Patinated products and pieces of furniture fit perfectly into any interior. For example, a bathroom with patinated doors, a bronze sink or a bathtub with a patina, or a delicate children's room in a style with a light patina on the beds, or a kitchen in classical style with embossed patinated facades - all this looks aesthetically pleasing, natural and invariably attracts attention.

Patina is a special paint that allows you to give a metallic or wooden surface aged noble look. The meaning of the word "patina" has nothing to do with paints. The term means a thin film that appears on a metal surface after prolonged exposure to oxygen.

The process of film formation on metal has been known since ancient times. Previously, this process was called bluing. However, bluing has a number of serious disadvantages:

this is sophisticated technology and it is not easy to repeat it with your own hands;
the cost of bluing is high;
the process takes a lot of time.

Modern paints allow you to paint the surface (not only metal, but also wood) much faster - within a few minutes. At the same time, the quality of the material is fully preserved.

Color solutions

The most common type of patina is copper oxide. The surface painted with such paint is greenish in appearance. On other metals, oxidative processes occur differently, so the patina gives other colors, for example:

on steel - ocher or yellow;
on bronze and brass - brown;
on silver - darkish gray.

In building supermarkets you can buy a patina of various colors:

under silver;
under natural copper;
green copper oxide.

These are the most common colors, however, paints with more exotic shades are also available. Such paints do not imitate any metal, but are independent color solution. Their use is usually associated only with the desire to give the surface an old look.

An example is the following colors:

blue;
violet;
pink;
red.

Application technology

The principles of patination of metal and wood are different. Powder (forge) patina is used for metal, and acrylic patina for wood.

Such paint is almost never used for metal surfaces. The reason is poor adhesive qualities. However, acrylic is great for painting wood products, as it penetrates deep into the pores of wood and emphasizes the beauty of its fibers and structure. Wood, painted with acrylic patina, acquires a noble appearance, its appearance enriched with color transitions.

Patina staining is often used for items made in the following styles:

classic;
baroque;
provence;
country;
ethnic motives.

The technology of coating with acrylic patina is called abrasion. Aging consists in first applying a layer of paint, which will act as a so-called substrate.

Sequencing:

Powder patina

Usually matte, and patina gives the metal a noble sheen. You can buy powder material in the form of a finished product. For greater convenience when staining, the patina can be mixed with xylene or solvent.

Note! For painting metal products, it is recommended to purchase a special material for blacksmithing.

Coating with blacksmith patina is considered to be quite a difficult task in the absence of the necessary experience. To apply paint, you will need something like a palette where you can smear the paintwork material.

Sequencing:

Clots of patina should be placed on one side of the palette.
Lightly soak the brushes in solvent or xylene. Then grind the paint until the brush is completely dry.
Next, the paint is applied with careful strokes. Products should only be touched with the tip of the brush. The result should be an uneven layer of paint, but something resembling scuffs.

The process is very laborious and time consuming. Although the result is worth it - the product will acquire a noble, aged look.

Out of inexperience, many try to get as much patina on the brush as possible in order to avoid rubbing it after a couple of strokes. However, it is categorically not recommended to do this, since in this case it will not be possible to achieve the desired result.

So, working with patina requires certain skills, so it is difficult for a beginner to count on quick success. It is recommended to start using items for patination that you do not mind spoiling. After gaining experience, you can take on more responsible work.

Antique fashion in design is a very strange thing, because not everyone can feel the fine line between “junk” and vintage. Of course, you can buy antiques and furnish your home with them, but they have one significant problem - the lack of modern functionality that we are all so used to.

In this case, there is only one thing left - to buy modern things and artificially age them. And patina paint for metal or wood will help with this, which we will talk about in this article.

The very word "patina" has nothing to do with paints. In fact, patina is a thin film that forms on the surface of the product as a result of its long interaction with oxygen. Most famous view patina can be considered copper oxide - the same green coating that appears on the surface after long use, as shown in the photo below.

On different metals, the oxidation process takes place in different ways, and accordingly the patina has different colors:

Copper is green.
Steel - yellow or ocher.
Brass and bronze - brown.
Silver - dark grey.

It is the patina that protects the product from decay and at the same time creates a characteristic appearance, which is so valued in vintage things. Creation technology protective film on metal has been known for a long time. For example, for many years the weapon went through a special process called "burning".

As a result, the metal becomes more resistant when interacting with water and air, but there are several significant disadvantages of this method:

Blueing is a complex process and difficult to do on your own.
High final price of the product.
It takes a very long time to create such a coating.

But technology does not stand still, and today any metal or even wooden product can be aged in a few minutes, and without losing quality characteristics the material itself.

If we talk about patina as a paint, then protective functions she has practically none, it is rather a decoration that is applied over the first layer and gives the product an aged look.

Today in specialized stores you can find a patina of various colors:

Silver.
Copper in its purest form.
Green copper oxide.
Gold.

These are the most common shades, as they are able to imitate various metals and turn ordinary iron into gold or silver.

Unfortunately, before philosopher's stone"Patina is far away, so some manufacturers produce completely exotic shades that are not designed to imitate something:

Violet.
Blue.
Red.
Pink.

Most often they are used when it is necessary to give the product a similarity with the original.

Acrylic patina

This type of patina is not used on metal, as it has poor adhesion to it. Such paints are more suitable for wood, they penetrate into the pores of the product and emphasize the wood structure and fibers.

As a result of such a coating, the product immediately receives several additional qualities:

The structure of the tree appears.
The play on color transitions gives the product a noble look.

Advice! you should not use patina on pieces of furniture with a characteristic modern style. This coverage introduces dissonance into general perception, and creates a feeling of bad taste of the owner.

Furniture patina painting is typical for styles such as:

Provence.
Country.
Classicism.
Baroque.
Ethno.

Here it will look harmonious and sustained in the general style.

Patina based on powder dyes

It is powder patina that is used to paint metal. It is sold ready-made, and when applied, for convenience, it can be dissolved with a solvent or xylene.

Advice! for patination metal products buy only a specialized patina for blacksmithing. She has long term service and does not wear out over time.

Below will be detailed instructions for applying patina, but for now let's summarize everything that has been said and list the advantages of such a coating:

As a rule, blacksmith paints are matte, and the patina gives shine to the product.
There is a feeling of antiquity.
Ordinary steel takes on the appearance of precious metals.
With the help of patina, you can stylize furniture under overall design interior.

Application

The technology for applying patina to metal and wood is very different, since acrylic and powder dyes have different goals. Therefore, we dwell on each method in more detail.

Acrylic patina - for wood

Experts call this technology of aging wooden products - abrasion. It consists in the fact that a layer of paint is first applied to the tree, which will be the substrate, or, if we are talking about the finished product, then this stage can be omitted.

So:

Before painting with a patina, the surface is passed with a metal brush or coarse sandpaper. Part of the coating is erased and the structure of the tree appears.

Advice! sanding the product, all movements should be in one direction and along the fibers of the tree. Thus, the texture will appear, but the integrity of the tree will not be violated.

Next, an acrylic patina is applied to the surface in a thick layer. desired color. She needs to be given a few minutes to penetrate the wood, but do not forget that the longer the product is impregnated, the darker the color will be in the end.
Now the excess paint is wiped off with a soft cloth or sponge. That patina that did not have time to be absorbed into the pores will go away, and the fibers will take on a new shade. Later, when the product is dry, you can add color intensity by adding another layer of paint, or cover everything with gloss varnish.
If the application and surface preparation technology is not entirely clear, then you can watch the video in this article, which shows all the steps in detail.

Blacksmith's patina - for metal

A rather complicated technology, especially if you apply the patina with your own hands, without having the appropriate experience. To do this, we need some kind of palette on which we can smear the paint.

A thick patina is located in the corner of the palette, and the brush is slightly wetted in solvent or xylene, after which the paint must be rubbed hard until the brush is almost dry.
Now, with light strokes, touching the product with the very tips of the brush, apply a patina. We get not a uniform coating, but abrasions, which create the effect of antiquity. Thus, the entire product is covered, and it can take a very long time, but the result is worth it.
Very often, in the absence of experience, there is a desire to grab more patina with a brush at once, so as not to rub it every few strokes. It is absolutely impossible to do this, since the coating will turn out to be uneven, and instead of the effect of antiquity, a poorly dyed and shabby product will appear.

In any case, it is better to first practice on something else, and when the hand feels confident, you can start patinating the product. Now you know how this work is done and you will do everything according to technology.

Artificial aging
Patina on wood
Detailed description of compositions
Patina technology

A perfectly clean and glossy surface is a sign of the novelty of an interior item or furniture. But aged wood is often valued more, especially when it comes to the classic setting of the room. Artificial patination of wood - fast way get an aged smooth surface of any wooden and not only surface.

Initially, patina was an oxidized copper layer on furniture, mirror moldings, columns and other architectural elements in palaces and estates of wealthy people. This effect was achieved after many years of service of the item. The film has a bluish or greenish tint.

Over time, patina began to be called any plaque that appears on metal and wooden surfaces.

Natural origin

Natural patination occurs under the influence of oxygen on the oxidized surface. Whether it's wood or metal, plaque adds age and charm to an item. Basically, the effect is manifested on carved and forged textures - in these places there are many refractions of the surface, where the main protective layer is abraded.

A noble coating does not include heavily corroded areas that adversely affect the integrity and aesthetic appearance of the surface.

Artificial aging

By aging wood and any other surface, designers mean creating the effect of an oxidized material that gives furniture and utensils a noble sound. But waiting for the process to happen naturally is incredibly long.

Modern technology helped with the solution - artificial patina. This is a coating with special coloring compositions using a special technology.

Materials for self-patination

Special paint, which often includes particles of real precious metals - silver, bronze, gold. Such a coating is more wear-resistant than natural patina, it protects the wood from destruction due to its dense texture with minimal porosity.
Any paint on a traditional basis will help to create an imitation of a noble surface. The color in this case can be anything - from natural golden to unusual bright blue, purple, red, etc.

Patina on wood

Not every wood product can be covered with a natural coating without destroying the main structure - this is only characteristic of dense, moisture-resistant species, such as oak or ash. Of course, the effect is arbitrarily formed only on a solid array; on modern MDF facades, its formation is impossible.

Artificial patina is applied on any surfaces:

From an array;
On lamellas;
By MDF.

To obtain the effect of antiquity, a chemical effect on the surface is used in combination with a mechanical one.

Varieties of patina compositions

For painting "old times" use compositions based on different substances:

Bitumen;
Acrylic;
Wax;
Shellac;
Oil.

These substances create patination of different shades with individual effects:

fragmentary refinement;
Full coverage;
Craquelure effect.

Patina may vary in consistency:

Thick patina is presented in the form of a paste. It is designed for gilding wood in shades from yellow to red, close to the color of natural gold.
Liquid patina for wood on water or synthetic basis saturates the wood pattern to noble shades, adds a slight radiance effect.
Facet varnish will help create an in-depth effect of aging with cracking of the coating (craquelure).

Detailed description of compositions

Kitchen furniture with patina or a cabinet with a gilded frame - you can process any wooden product that has a texture. It is worth noting that the coating of metal and wood is carried out with compositions on a different basis - they have special characteristics of stability and adhesion to the base.

wood stain

In almost every home there is a piece of wood with patination. Coating boards with stain is one of the ways to improve products with the option of protection against fungi, mold, moisture penetration and decay.

To enhance the effect work surface brushed: it is possible to save longitudinal hard fibers, soft ones are removed with a special hard brush. Thus, a natural array is processed at home. True, the color of the patina in this case is the same - the stain is made in a dark shade, you will not have to expect gilding.

Bitumen

It would seem that the material far from art is bitumen. But the patina on wood from it is the most malleable and easy to apply, it can be used to make rich gilding or a thin coating. Bituminous varnish blackens the recesses in the thread, highlighting the edges protruding to the surface. It is produced on the basis of a bituminous polymer and turpentine or white spirit, therefore, after drying, the treated surface must be fixed with shellac varnish.

Acrylic

Versatile material for water based for patination of metal, wood, plaster surfaces. Differs in durability, good adhesion to the bases, protects structure of wood from wetting and settlement of microflora.

The wood patination technology does not contain tricks: you can paint the entire surface or apply color selectively to the protruding parts of the thread. Compositions of different shades are applied in several layers - a complex color ornament is obtained.

Acrylic patina antiquity can be any color:

Gold;
Silver;
Blue;
Other possible shades.

Combinations of light and dark colors can give a rich effect of aging a noble tree.

Wax

The wax composition leaves a mother-of-pearl overflow on the surface, which favorably emphasizes the relief of the carving. The coating dries slowly and is easy to apply without special skills and tools.

Wax paint is non-toxic and safe, making it a preferred choice in the kitchen. The durability and ability of the wax to penetrate into the porous surface of the wood provides good resistance to moisture and cleaning.

Shellac

Shellac paint-lacquer reddish-brown or yellowish coating. It helps to preserve the main color and visible structure of the base, if you use shellac as an independent tool. In most cases, it is used as a cover layer for other compositions, in decoupage technique and in painting.

Oil

The oil solution favorably beats the structure of the tree by saturating the color. The material is similar to the shellac solution, but it cannot be used in the decoupage technique - the oil does not fix, but dissolves the paper. Used as a coating and protection for less resistant paints.

Patina technology

Working with patina does not cause difficulties; on the contrary, this process is fascinating and creative. But for each type of surface there is its own algorithm for preparing the base and applying the patina, which should be followed.

Surface preparation

If you decide to patinate finished goods with your own hands, the first thing you need to pay attention to is the quality of the surface. If the product is created from a raw array, then there are no problems. Harder with smooth surfaces varnish, acrylic film, PVC - paint is not fixed on such. To correct the situation, we will do the following actions:

We brush the surface with coarse-grained sandpaper or a metal brush. Thus, we will get rid of the soft fibers of the tree, hidden under a film that is unstable to such influences. The exposed structure is now suitable for further processing.
Remove dust with a soft brush, degrease the surface.

MDF boards and chipboard is better primer - such preparation will help to make an artificial wooden relief and ensure optimal adhesion of the base and the coloring composition.

Classic patination

It is not difficult to apply coloring compounds from bitumen, wax or acrylic, but you need to do it correctly:

With a brush, apply the coloring matter in an amount determined by the intensity of the desired result. The paint can only appear on the surface or penetrate into all the recesses of the relief.
If desired, remove excess solution with a rag.
If it is necessary to obtain a deep patination effect, after the first layer has dried, apply a second one and shade it in the same way.
After the final layer of paint has dried, we rub the treated area with fine sandpaper to give the product an aged look.
We fix the finished surface with shellac varnish.

Wood stain for furniture

The price of this method of ennobling interior items is low, so everyone can afford to use this technique.

The use of stain allows you to darken the tree without adding the effect of gilding, ignoble woods and panels to give the appearance of a stately oak array.

On the brushed surface, apply a water stain with a brush.
We remove the top layer of paint with a sponge to highlight the relief.
After the layer has dried, a second one can be applied, but the composition must have a different base (white spirit).
Rubbing the wax helps to deepen the texture of the object, rub it into the dried stain.
The result is fixed with shellac.

We offer you to get acquainted with the technique on the example of the processing of stair elements:

Craquelure

Expensive, but the effect is the most impressive. To create it, we use 2 components:

Facet varnish;
Patina.

The first step is intensive coloring of the surface with facet varnish. The number of layers determines the depth of cracks in the coating. After drying, the thick layer cracks and you can start patination, which has already been discussed.

Artificial scuffs

The method below is universal for solid wood and MDF.

We take a patina of a darker shade than the main surface and apply it with the first layer.
We rub the protruding fragments with paraffin: carving, forging, framing of the product.
Now apply a lighter patina.
We remove the paraffin with a spatula, grind the wood.

This type of coating deepens the structure and in the most advantageous way emphasizes the pattern of wood and carvings.