Cherry - Favorite - gardenFavorite - garden: Saplings: fruit and berry crops. Felt cherry "Natalie": photo, variety description, reviews Velvet cherry variety

Wood medium-sized, fast-growing, medium density, pyramidal crown, branches depart at a large angle.

Fruit: average value 4.7 g, maximum 7.7 g, fruits are dark red, almost black, pulp and juice are dark red, pulp is dense, stalk middle length and thickness.

The best pollinators are Ovstuzhenka, Iput, Tyutchevka, Raditsa, Compact, Veniaminova. The winter hardiness of the tree and flower buds is high, the trunk and bases of the skeletal branches are resistant to sunburn and frost. Highly resistant to fungal diseases.

Variety advantages: High winter hardiness and resistance to fungal diseases, high quality fruits.

Wood medium size with a spherical crown of medium density and foliage.

Fruit large, weighing 5.0 g, one-dimensional, rounded. The main color of the fetus is dark red, subcutaneous dots are average, hardly noticeable. The skin is medium, without pubescence. The pulp is orange, tender. The juice is light red. Fruit taste 4.75 points, sweet and sour. The content of dry matter in fruits is 15.0%, sugars - 6.8%, acids - 1.48%, ascorbic acid - 11.0 mg/100g. General purpose variety.

The variety is partially self-fertile, the best pollinators are Zhukovskaya and Vladimirskaya.

Variety benefits: High-quality fruits of universal use, moderate growth, stable yield, increased resistance to coccomycosis.

Wood medium, fast-growing, crown is spherical, slightly spreading. The predominant placement of fruit formations is bouquet branches. The bark on the trunk and main branches is smooth, brownish. Shoots are thick, arched, brown, glabrous. Lots of lenticels, large, yellow with white edging. leaves are large, obovate, short-pointed, dark green. The leaf blade is concave, the edges are pointed up and inward; base sharply pointed, pubescence absent. The edge of the sheet is double-serrated. Stipules medium, slightly dissected, early falling. The petiole is medium, pigmented at the base of red. The glands are small - 1-2, yellow, oval. Inflorescence umbel, flowers solitary, rosaceous, large, white.

Fruit one-dimensional, medium weight, rounded-flattened from the side of the stalk, the top of the fruit is flat-rounded, a funnel of medium depth, saucer-shaped. The base of the fruit is indented. The ventral suture is of medium depth, the stalk is medium, green in color, well attached to the branch, weakly attached to the stone. The color of the fetus is dark red, there are no subcutaneous points. The skin is medium, naked.

Variety benefits: High winter hardiness of wood, trunk and flower buds.

Wood medium-sized with a wide-round raised crown of medium density. Fruiting mainly on bouquet twigs. The bark on the trunk and skeletal branches is light brown. The shoots are large, gray-green, with an average number of lenticels. Buds are ovoid, medium deviation relative to the shoot. The leaf is medium in size, narrowly oval, with double-crested serration, smooth relief, green color with a sheen, without pubescence. The petiole is long, of medium thickness, anthocyanin coloration along the entire length of the petiole. There are 1-2 small glands of dark red color at the base of the leaf blade. The flowers are large, white, horn-shaped. The shape of the petal is rounded. Flowering time is average. The stigma of the pistil is higher in relation to the stamens.

Fruit large, rounded, with a rounded apex, with a depression at the base of the fetus, with a small, inconspicuous abdominal suture. The stalk is long, with a fragile attachment to the stone. The fruits are dark red, there are no integumentary points. The stone is medium, dump, separated from the pulp well. The pulp of the fruit is dark red, with dark red juice, dense, juicy. The taste character is dessert with high sweetness and low medium acidity.

Advantagesvarieties: High winter hardiness of wood, high resistance to coccomycosis, medium height, high taste qualities of fruits.

Wood medium-sized, crown shape is wide-round, sprawling, with medium foliage. Fruiting mainly on annual growths - fruit twigs. The bark on the stem and main branches is light brown. The shoots are large, gray-green, with an average number of lenticels. Buds are ovoid, strongly deviated from the shoot, above average size, back- ovoid, with double-crested serration, smooth relief, matte surface, light green color, without pubescence. Petiole of medium length and thickness, with anthocyanin coloration along the entire length of the petiole. There are 1-2 small glands of red color at the base of the leaf and on the petiole. Stipules short, early falling. The flowers are large, white, pink. The shape of the petal is rounded. Flowering time is early. The stigma of the pistil is higher in relation to the stamens.

Fruit large, rounded, with a concave apex, a medium depression at the base of the fetus and a small, inconspicuous abdominal suture. The peduncle is long, of medium thickness. A separating layer is formed between the fruit and the peduncle. The fruits are red, with a small number of subcutaneous dots of small size. The bone is medium, rounded. The pulp of the fruit is red, soft density, tender texture, juicy. Dessert flavor character with high sweetness and very low acidity.

Advantagesvarieties: Precocity, very early ripening, winter hardiness, fruiting regularity, disease resistance, dessert taste.

Wood tree type, with a reverse pyramidal raised crown of medium density. Shoots are medium, straight, brown-brown. The bark on the trunk and main branches is grayish-brown. The kidney is cone-shaped, strongly deviated from the shoot. The leaf is narrowly oval, dark green. The apex is strongly pointed, the base is sharp, the edge is serrated. The surface of the leaf blade is shiny, folded in a boat. The glands are located at the base of the leaf and on the petiole. Petiole with anthocyanin coloration along the entire length. The number of flowers in the inflorescence is 4. The corolla is open. The petals are white, touching each other. The stigma of the pistil is located at the same level relative to the anthers. The calyx is goblet-shaped, the sepals are strongly serrated. It bears fruit on twigs.

Fruit broad-hearted. The fruit funnel is medium, the apex is rounded. The fruits are dark red. The pulp is dark red, juicy, dense, the juice is dark red. The bone is oval. The apex is pointed, the base is rounded. The stone is separated from the pulp well. The taste is sweet and sour.

Variety advantages: Winter hardiness, yield, good fruit quality.

Wood medium vigor with a rounded, slightly spreading crown of medium density and foliage. The shoot is reddish-brown, of medium thickness, curved, covered with a few medium-sized, silvery-yellow lenticels. Buds of medium size, pointed, brownish-gray, not pubescent, lagging behind the shoot. The leaf is dark green in color, above average in size, oblong-oval in shape with a slight sheen. The base of the leaf blade is rounded, the top gradually passes into the tip. The leaf blade is slightly concave with a boat and curved down, located on the shoot at an acute angle. The serration of the edge of the sheet is double- or triple-crested. The petiole is long, of medium thickness, without pubescence, purple-red on the illuminated side. Glands of medium size up to four at the base of the leaf blade. Stipules are long, large, not falling for a long time. The flowers are white. Petals are rounded, above average size. The pistil and stamens are the same length. The calyx is conical, green in color with a tan, without pubescence.

Fruit painted dark red and have an attractive appearance. The shape of the fruit is oval-heart-shaped with a rounded base and an oval apex. The pulp is dark red, quite dense, juicy, sweet and sour. The juice is dark colored. The stone is well separated from the pulp, medium in size, oval-ovoid.

Variety advantages: High quality fruits of universal use, high resistance to coccomycosis, resistance to ring spot pathogens.

Trees or bushes are medium and below average in height, the crown is rounded, slightly drooping. The leaves are of medium size, bright green, the edges of the leaf blade are crenate. It bears fruit on last year's growths and bouquet twigs.

Fruit large, oval, maroon, suitable for consumption in fresh and all types of processing (jams, marmalades, compotes). The taste is sweet and sour, dessert, the pulp of the fruit is dense, juicy. The juice is dark red, the stone is medium in size, it is easily separated from the pulp.

Advantagesvarieties: High yield of good quality fruits. Resistance to the most dangerous fungal diseases (moniliosis and coccomycosis).

Wood average, average. The crown is pyramidal-spreading, raised, of medium density. The bark on the trunk and main branches is smooth, brown. Shoots are medium, straight, brown, glabrous. Little lentils, medium, yellow. The leaves are medium, wide, obovate, short-pointed, dark green, wrinkled, matte. The leaf blade is concave (boat), curved upwards. The top of the leaf is sharply pointed, the base is pointed, there is no pubescence. Leaf margin is biennial. Stipules are short, slightly dissected, early falling. The petiole is medium, thin, green. The glands are small, yellow, oval. Inflorescence - umbrella, flowers triple, pink, medium, white.

Fruit large, medium one-dimensionality, medium weight. The shape of the fruit is rounded, the apex is rounded, the base is without deepening, the fossa is small, wide. The ventral suture is absent. The stalk is medium, the ease of separation from the branch is poor, the attachment to the stone is strong. The color of the fruit is dark red. There are no subcutaneous points. The peel is medium, naked, it is difficult to remove from the fruit. The pulp is dark red, tender, juicy, the color of the cavity is the same color as the pulp. The juice is dark red. Fruit transportability is good. General purpose variety. The variety is self-fertile. Fruiting is annual. The drought resistance of the variety is high.

Advantagesvarieties: High winter hardiness of wood and flower buds. Good fruit quality with high yield.

High bush spreading form with pink-white flowers. Light yellow and carmine, they are very decorative in autumn. Fruits are also beautiful - spherical, shiny, bright red-orange color, edible. The shrub is winter-hardy, drought-resistant. Propagated by seeds, green cuttings, grafting. The fruits densely stick to the branches, their color is from light pink to dark red, juicy, tender, pleasant in taste, almost without acid.

Leaves dark green, oval, pubescent below, strongly corrugated, with a pointed end.

flowers white, white with pink (rarely pink).

Variety benefits: High winter hardiness, high productivity and precocity.

Wood medium size, with a broad-pyramidal, well-leafed crown. The kidney is large, vegetative cone-shaped, medium deviation, generative ovoid. The leaf is oblong-ovate, large, dark green, the apex is strongly pointed, the base is rounded, the serration is double-crested, the plate is slightly concave, wavy, there is no pubescence. The petiole is short or medium, thick, pigmented, has 2-3 large colored glands. In inflorescence 3-4 flowers, large, saucer-shaped corolla, petals touching, white, pistil stigma located on the same level with stamens, calyx narrowly goblet, sepals not serrated, stamens and pistil long. It bears fruit on twigs.

Fruit medium weight, obtuse-heart shape, narrow funnel, rounded apex, with a white dot, dark red color, almost black when fully ripe, dark red pulp and juice, medium density pulp. The stem is short, thick. The stone is ovoid, the apex is pointed, the base is rounded, it is separated from the pulp medium. The fruits are beautiful, juicy, sweet, come off the stalk well, partially crack in wet years.

Advantagesvarieties: Regular yield, high winter hardiness of flower buds, resistance to fungal diseases, early term maturing, dense pulp of fruits.

Trees medium-sized, the crown is spherical, sprawling, drooping, of medium density, skeletal branches depart at a right or obtuse angle. The leaves are large, wide, lanceolate, long-pointed, dark green, smooth, shiny, with a finely serrated edge.

Fruit medium weight, one-dimensional, rounded, red-yellow. The taste is sweet and sour, dessert, the pulp is dense, cartilaginous, juicy, light pink, the stone is medium-sized, oval, well separated from the pulp.

Advantagesvarieties: Mid-early winter-hardy variety with fruits of good taste and commercial qualities. Resistant to the most dangerous fungal diseases - moniliosis and coccomycosis.

Wood small. Fruit large, bright or dark red. The taste is pleasant, sweet and sour, the fruits are not so tart. The fruits contain sugar, malic and citric acid. It blooms very profusely, the entire bush or tree from the top to the ground is covered with white openwork foam and looks very impressive because of the long, flowering brushes. Smartly this plant and in the summer with its dark decorative leaves, it is beautiful in autumn, when large orange-red fruits ripen.

Variety advantages: Red bird cherry is unpretentious, withstands light shading.

Rhubarb can not be found in every garden plot. It's a pity. This plant is a storehouse of vitamins and can be widely used in cooking. What is not prepared from rhubarb: soups and cabbage soup, salads, delicious jam, kvass, compotes and juices, candied fruits and marmalade, and even wine. But that's not all! A large green or red rosette of plant leaves, reminiscent of burdock, acts as a beautiful backdrop for annuals. Not surprisingly, rhubarb can also be seen in flower beds.

3 delicious sandwiches - cucumber sandwich, chicken sandwich, cabbage and meat sandwich - a great idea for a quick snack or for a picnic in nature. Only fresh vegetables, juicy chicken and cream cheese and a little spice. There is no onion in these sandwiches, if you wish, you can add an onion marinated in balsamic vinegar to any of the sandwiches, this will not spoil the taste. Having quickly prepared snacks, it remains to collect a picnic basket and go to the nearest green lawn.

Depending on the variety group, the age of seedlings suitable for planting in open ground is: for early tomatoes - 45-50 days, medium ripening - 55-60 and late terms - at least 70 days. When planting seedlings of tomatoes at a younger age, the period of its adaptation to new conditions is significantly extended. But success in obtaining a high-quality crop of tomatoes also depends on the careful implementation of the basic rules for planting seedlings in open ground.

unpretentious plants The “second plan” of sansevieria does not seem boring to those who appreciate minimalism. They are better than other indoor decorative foliage stars for collections that require minimal maintenance. The stable decorative effect and extreme endurance of only one type of sansevieria are also combined with compactness and very fast growth - Khan's rosette sansevieria. The squat rosettes of their stiff leaves create striking clusters and patterns.

One of the brightest months of the garden calendar pleasantly surprises with the balance of the distribution of favorable and unsuccessful days for working with plants according to the lunar calendar. Gardening and gardening in June can be done throughout the month, while the unfavorable periods are very short and still allow you to do useful work. There will be their optimal days for sowing with plantings, and for pruning, and for a pond, and even for construction work.

Meat with mushrooms in a pan is an inexpensive hot dish that is suitable for a regular lunch and for a festive menu. Pork will cook quickly, veal and chicken too, so this meat is preferable for the recipe. Mushrooms - fresh champignons, in my opinion, the best choice for homemade stew. Forest gold - mushrooms, boletus and other goodies are best harvested for the winter. Boiled rice or mashed potatoes are ideal as a side dish.

I love ornamental shrubs, especially unpretentious and with an interesting, non-trivial foliage color. I have different Japanese spireas, Thunberg barberries, black elderberry ... And there is one special shrub that I will talk about in this article - the viburnum vesicle. To make my dream of a low maintenance garden come true, it's probably the perfect fit. At the same time, it is able to diversify the picture in the garden very much, moreover, from spring to autumn.

June is not accidentally one of the favorite months of gardeners. The first harvest, new crops in the vacant places, the rapid growth of plants - all this cannot but rejoice. But the main enemies of gardeners and gardeners - pests and weeds - also this month use every opportunity to spread. Planting work is on the wane this month, and seedling planting is at its peak. The lunar calendar in June for vegetables is balanced.

Many owners of cottages, equipping the territory, think about creating a lawn. Imagination draws, as a rule, magical pictures - a smooth carpet of green grass, a hammock, a deck chair, a barbecue and lovely trees and shrubs around the perimeter ... But, faced with the breakdown of the lawn in practice, many are surprised to learn that it is not so easy to create a beautiful, even lawn. And, it would seem, everything is done correctly, but here and there incomprehensible bumps appear or weeds sprout.

The June schedule of garden work can surprise anyone with its richness. In June, even lawns and ponds require attention. Some ornamental plants have already completed flowering and need pruning, others are just getting ready for the upcoming show. And donate ornamental garden in order to take better care of the ripening crop - the idea is not the best. AT lunar calendar June will be the time to plant new perennials and potted compositions.

Cold pork leg terrine is a meat appetizer from the category of budget recipes, because pork legs are one of the cheapest parts of the carcass. Despite the modesty of the ingredients, the appearance of the dish and its taste are highest level! Translated from French, this “game dish” is a cross between a pate and a casserole. Since there were fewer game hunters in times of technological progress, terrine is made more often from livestock meat, fish, vegetables, and cold terrines are also made.

In pretty pots or trendy florariums, on walls, tables and window sills, succulents can last weeks without watering. They do not change their character and do not perceive conditions that are comfortable for most capricious indoor plants. And their diversity will allow everyone to find their favorite. Similar either to stones, or to bizarre flowers, or to extravagant sticks or lace, fashionable succulents have long been not limited to cacti and fat women.

Trifle with strawberries is a light dessert common in England, the USA and Scotland. I think this dish is prepared everywhere, only called differently. Trifle consists of 3-4 layers: fresh fruit or fruit jelly, biscuit biscuit or biscuit, whipped cream. Usually they prepare custard for a layer, but for a light dessert they prefer to do without it, whipped cream is enough. This dessert is prepared in a deep transparent salad bowl so that the layers are visible.

Weeds are bad. They interfere with the growth of cultivated plants. Some wild herbs and shrubs are poisonous or may cause allergies. At the same time, many weeds can be of great benefit. They are used both as medicinal herbs, and as an excellent mulch or component of green manure, and as a means of repelling harmful insects and rodents. But in order to properly fight or use this or that plant for the good, it must be identified.

Maybe you already have felt cherries growing and caring for which will not be difficult even for a novice gardener. And most probably have at least heard this name more than once - “felt cherry”, and perhaps even tried its sweet berries. This fruit shrub is characterized by a rather high yield, unpretentiousness, resistance to drought, cold. It grows well, bears fruit even in the Urals or Siberia.

Many summer residents, gardeners from different parts of our country appreciate, love this shrub for its economic, biological, taste qualities. This is a distant relative of the wild cherry, which is widely distributed in China, so its other name "Chinese cherry" is quite reasonable, it is practically a synonym. This shrub came to us around the end of the 19th century, but then it was used only as a landscaping crop. Over time, through the efforts of breeders, different varieties were bred, they began to grow it not only for beauty, but also for fruit production. Today it is widely distributed in European countries, Japan, Korea, as well as in America, Canada.

Felt cherry - description and photo

Felt cherry, photo:

Felt cherry blossoms, photo:

The appearance of leaves, berries, shoots, pedicels directly justifies its name - they are all covered with a delicate fluff.

She has short stalks, and the flowers first have a pink tint, which then turns white.

The berries are most often red, but some varieties have pink, white, even black fruits. They are not sour at all, their sweetness is to everyone's liking. It is because of the delicate sweet taste that it is sometimes called baby cherry. Berries quickly reach maturity (less than 2 weeks). The core of the fruit is predominantly tender, soft, but some varieties can be quite dense (such as cherries).

Jams, marmalades, jams are made from it, although small bone quite difficult to separate from the pulp. Compotes, juices, even homemade alcoholic drinks from this berry are simply excellent. In addition to a pleasant taste, the fruit contains organic acids, vitamins (especially C, B), carbohydrates. It is noteworthy that in terms of iron content, these berries are far ahead of apples! As mentioned above, in addition to growing for the sake of the harvest, you can safely use these low shrubs to create hedges, strengthen slopes. It turns out, no matter how you look at it - in all respects it is a useful, very nice culture.

Felt cherry is good for everyone: it has attractive appearance, compact size (which is important for small areas), but she has one small "flaw". This is about short term life is approximately 10 years. If you surround her with care, competent care (in particular, rejuvenating crown pruning), then you may be able to extend it. life cycle up to 18-20 years old. As for size, an adult shrub usually grows up to 2-2.5 meters, but never exceeds 3. This feature optimizes the harvesting process, solves the problem of plots with a small area. Formative pruning is much more convenient with such a relatively small size of the tree.

Felt cherry - how it grows and where, growing conditions

She prefers light, fertile sandy loam or loam, it is best that non-acidic, well-drained soil prevail at the growing site. It will not grow on peat bogs or waterlogged soil. Excessive moisture adversely affects growth, the ability to give color, fruit, resistance to cold. It also needs to be placed in exceptionally sunny places, as it really does not like shade or even partial shade. Returning to the pH of the soil, it should be mentioned: if you have it sour, then it should be preliminarily limed (in spring or autumn).

Felt cherry, bushes with fruits, photo:

An important point - to get a generous harvest, you need to plant at least 3 bushes different varieties close to each other. This is necessary for better cross-pollination! Self-fertile varieties are “Summer”, “Fairy Tale”, “Delight”, “Triana”, “Anniversary”, “Spark”, “Eastern Smuglyanka”, “Princess”, “Beauty”, “Children's”, “Dream”, “ Eastern". Of the self-fertile varieties, the most famous are Autumn Virovskaya, Natalie, Ocean Virovskaya, Alice.

Usually the berries ripen by the very middle of summer, and in the southern regions - by mid-June. Despite significant genetic differences with ordinary cherries, the close proximity of these two representatives, namely their simultaneous flowering, has an extremely positive effect on the taste and size of Chinese cherries.

Flower buds and green felt cherry berries, photo:

This crop tolerates temperature drops quite well, sometimes down to -27°C ..-30°C, however, it reacts very negatively to spring (or winter) thaws. It will be better if at the very beginning of spring you rake more snow under the bushes, trample it more tightly, and lay sawdust on top. So you protect the shrub from temperature changes.

Pros of growing felt cherries:

1. It can be eaten already when the rest of the fruit representatives are just forming ovaries.
2. Due to the low acid content, the berries are endowed with excellent taste, which allows them to be consumed by anyone (raw, in the form of jam or juice, as a raw material for sauces, marinades or pickles).
3. Good adaptability of culture to the conditions of the region where it grows. Drought and frost resistance is also a plus.
4. The seedling begins to bear fruit already in the second year of life in open ground (most varieties). The berries ripen quite early, stay on the branches for a long time.
5. It has a high yield, with normal care, the fruits literally stick around the branches.
6. Lack of root growth - in this culture, it does not appear at all.
7. lovely element landscape design(hedge, border design, main detail in mixed plantations).

This is an unpretentious culture, its cultivation will not require subtle agrotechnical knowledge from you, even a beginner will be able to successfully plant a shrub and take care of it. Well, finally, felt cherry is very beautiful like a flowering tree or with branches covered with fruits. As a deciduous shrub, it is also good.

Felt cherry - planting and care

The most acceptable time for planting seedlings is autumn or early spring, when the buds have not yet blossomed. If you plant bushes in the fall, then no later than September. For these purposes, they usually take seedlings that are already a year or two old.

A little higher it was already said that the landing site should be sunny. It should also be protected as far as possible from strong winds, drafts. Make sure that there is no stagnation of water in the place intended for landing, the presence of closely lying ground water. This factor should also be taken into account during the snowmelt in the spring. That is why a small hill is the most acceptable option for planting this crop.

Felt cherries are very sensitive to excessive moisture. root system. That's why this moment is one of the most important when planting, even on a hill it should not be too deep, so as not to block the root neck. It (the root neck) should be located above the soil level, because its deepening will subsequently lead to the death of the shrub. The requirements for the soil were also mentioned above, but if the nuance with the soil is of secondary importance, then the absence of excessive moisture, the location of the root neck during planting, is one of the prerequisites.

Landing conditions:

1. The width of the hole should be at least 60-70 cm, and the depth should not be more than 50 cm. If you want to do everything according to the rules, then mix well the rotted manure (3 buckets), phosphorus (50 g), lime (500-700 g) , potassium (25-30 g) - the amount of additives is calculated for approximately 1 square meter of land. Fill the planting hole with this soil mixture.
2. The roots of the seedling should be carefully cut - about 20 cm, dip into a pre-prepared clay solution (clay + water).
3. We place the seedling in a hole (do not forget about the root neck) and fill it with the same earth mixture, slightly compact it, and generously pour it with water. In general, it is recommended to deepen the bush no more than how it grew before in the nursery - this is if you take planting material from there.
4. The area around the bush can be mulched, for example, with peat.

As mentioned above, for a positive result, you need to plant at least three cherries in one area. Make sure that they do not grow too close to each other, but not too far (optimally - 2-3 meters). Of course, it is very convenient to use already grown seedlings. But you should also know that this culture is propagated by layering, cuttings, even by sowing seeds. With proper care for good location from one shrub you can expect from 7 to 10 kg of delicious sweet fruits.

Concerning autumn planting- if September has already passed, and you just got a seedling, then planting can be done next spring. Seedlings should be placed in a suitable container, sprinkled with earth, taken to the basement. There they will safely overwinter, and in the spring you will plant them, just first carry out a thorough revision of the roots, remove damaged or dried fragments. Further "duty" care consists in loosening the earth, watering, removing weeds.

As for top dressing, shrubs can be fertilized immediately after flowering by adding nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic additives to the soil of the near-stem circle (at the rate of 40 g: 80 g: 30 g: 7 kg). Liming of the soil is carried out once every five to six years.

Felt cherry - reproduction

If you are interested in the whole process "from scratch", then you can try the method of reproduction by planting seeds. Collect seeds from ripe fruits, wash and dry them. Around the end of summer, take a container with wet vermiculite or clean river sand (also wet), put the bones in there, leave them like that until October. At the appointed time, form shallow beds (3-4 cm), lay the seed. With the advent of spring in this place you will see young shoots, which in the same year will already reach about 50 cm in height. From young seedlings, you will choose the best representatives, plant them less often (at a distance of 1.5-3 m from each other), already as it should be for shrubs. This method does not guarantee 100% preservation of the original varietal characteristics, however, it opens up wide horizons for breeding experiments.

Propagation by cuttings - this option will require special conditions, more time, unlike all other methods. Plus, in this way you can get varietal representatives of a single species. This undertaking is carried out in July. The cutting is taken from a branch of the second or third order, it must be at least 15 cm long, and for these purposes, last year's wood must be preserved on the branches themselves. On an already separated cutting, there should be at least 2 cm of this very wood. Next, the cutting is kept in water for about 15-18 hours with the addition of a growth regulator (for example, "Heteroauxin"), and then vertically buried in the ground according to the "scheme" - 2 cm with bark and 1 cm of the green part of the cutting! After planting, the bed should be covered with a film (create a "greenhouse"), regularly irrigate the seedlings, protect from bright sunlight for the first 4 weeks. After a couple of weeks, the cuttings will have adventitious roots, and after 4 weeks - difficult to root.

Reproduction by layering will not be difficult. In early spring, a good one-year-old shoot should be looked after in an adult bush. Near the shoot, you need to make a groove, up to 8 cm deep, lay the shoot, pin it to the ground with a wire bracket. Further, the shoot is covered with fertile soil, generously watered all summer. With the advent of autumn, fibrous roots and new shoots will already be formed on such a layer. It is divided into parts or left without division, as a result we get a new planting material.

Pruning felt cherries in spring

Pruning of felt cherries is carried out in early spring- exactly this best time for this procedure. It is important that the buds have not yet had time to bloom, sap flow has not begun, then all the forces of the plant will be concentrated on flowering, fruit set.

The shrub undergoes formative pruning from the first year of life. Side branches that grow inside the crown, as well as dried, damaged or frozen during the winter, are subject to removal. Old branches that no longer bear fruit should also be removed. Multiple branches, which, taking into account the set fruits, will burden the tree too much, should also be removed.

On average, you should have about 12 strong, healthy, productive shoots left. Taking into account the fact that the entire crop is “concentrated” on those branches that are one year old, radical pruning is carried out in old shrubs (9-10 years old). This method allows you to completely replace the old skeletal branches with new young ones.

Pruning can also be carried out in the fall, only in this case it is necessary to take into account the new growth of branches. If the weather is warm, then the shoots continue to grow actively, and then freeze out with the onset of frost. Those branches that are 1 year old and have reached 70 cm in length should be shortened by about one third. With the advent of autumn, the so-called sanitary procedures are more relevant - cleaning the foliage, removing branches affected by pests (if there is such a thing). Everything remote is subject to burning, and wounded places are smeared with garden pitch.

Pruning in the spring is also a thinning of the crown, lightening its center, for better penetration air currents, rays of the sun.

Varieties of felt cherries

In general, all varieties of this crop can be divided into three subgroups according to the ripening time: early, medium, late. Berries of cherries of different varieties may have different colors. Of course, it is unrealistic to describe all varieties, but I would like to mention the most popular, often planted ones.

• Natalie is a fairly common variety, loved by our gardeners. The bush is low (1.5-2 m), with a lush spreading crown, blooms with large flowers (in the second half of May), gives the same large dark red berries (average 4 g). From one bush, you can remove 8-9 kg of fruits with dense pulp. If you try to pick a berry from a branch, it is relatively easy to separate from the stem. Harvest time is around the twentieth of July.
• A fairy tale is probably one of the lowest bushes, since its maximum height is 1-1.3 meters. The shrub has a not too thickened crown, which greatly facilitates the process of pruning and fruit picking. It blooms by the end of May, you can pick berries at the end of July. The fruits themselves are not small, about 3.5 g, slightly elongated, very dark color. It is a little more difficult to remove a berry from a branch than, for example, the Natalie variety, due to the deep-seated stalk. From an adult bush you can get about 10 kg of fruit.
• Salute - a shrub boasts an oval spreading crown, which is approximately comparable in width to its height (1.5 - 1.7 m). It blooms by the end of May, yields a crop after 2 months. Oval berries are not located close to each other, medium-large in weight (3-3.5 g), bright pink, closer to scarlet. The berries themselves, foliage, shoots of the bush are distinguished by increased pubescence. The yield is high - about 10 kg of fruit can be harvested from an adult bush.
• Rapture is a variety that is best suited for growing in middle lane Russia. The shrub most often grows up to 1.5 m in height, has a dense, spreading crown. The flowers are quite close to each other. Each fruit weighs approximately 3.3 g, has a bright scarlet color, a funny shape - a deep bed for the stalk, a slightly sloping top, a pronounced stripe-seam. The pulp of the berries is dense, slightly fibrous. The shrub blooms in mid-May, the harvest can be harvested by the end of July. From the bush you can remove 8-9 kg of fruit.
• Ocean virovskaya is a shrub 1.8-2 meters high, the branches of which are literally plastered with bright burgundy fruits (2.5-3 g). This variety has a very short stem (about 0.2 cm), flowers bloom in the second half of May, the fruits ripen by the end of July. One adult bush can give 8-9 kg of berries, which are quite sweet, pleasant in taste, but practically do not have the usual cherry flavor.
• Alice is a low shrub, about 1.5 m in height with an oval crown. This variety has good resistance to cold as well as drought. Diseases such as coccomycosis, clasterosporiasis do not touch him. The berries (weighing approximately 3.5 g) are maroon in color and ripen by the end of July. From one bush you can collect 8-9 kg of sweet juicy berries. The stalk (0.7 cm) allows you to more or less comfortably remove the fruits from the branches.
• Summer - this variety has morphological features felt and sand cherries. For the first couple of years, the bush grows inactively, has a high resistance to pocket disease, and is winter-hardy. Berries (weight 3-4 g) are light red in color, have an average resistance to transportation. It ripens by the 20th of July, after which the fruits can stay on the branches for quite a long time (about a month). From the bush you can collect 7-8 kg of fruit.
• Damanka - a shrub of this variety can reach 2 m in height, the crown is sprawling, rounded. The weight of the berry is approximately 2.5-3 g. The variety is characterized by late ripening (late July / early August), the fruits have a rich maroon (almost black) color. The berries themselves are very sweet, in terms of taste they are considered one of the best among the other varieties of felt cherries. One adult bush gives about 8-10 kg of fruit. Winter hardy look.
• Children's - a relatively low variety - 1.5-1.8 m in height, the crown is medium thickened. Berries on short stalks are very densely located to each other (like sea buckthorn). Fruit weight is 2-4 g, juicy, sweet with slight sourness. Very winter-hardy species, can withstand frosts down to -25..-27ºС. It gives color by the beginning of May, and in July it is already possible to harvest. Up to 10 kg of fruits can be removed from one adult bush.

If you set a goal, correctly calculate the timing of flowering, fruiting of individual varieties, then you can plant different varieties. The difference between the ripening periods is approximately 20-30 days, so if you like this berry, you can provide yourself with fresh servings of fruits for quite a long time. Plus, almost all fruits after ripening stay on the branches for a long time.

Felt cherry - diseases and pests

Sometimes it happens that the appearance of the shrub indicates problems: the foliage fades, the foliage curls, the newly set fruits fall or wrinkle. Alas, this culture is also prone to disease, like all the green inhabitants of our plots.

Very often felt cherry diseases have similar symptoms. It is important to establish the correct diagnosis, as soon as possible to apply the appropriate treatment. The country “first aid kit” of each of us includes Bordeaux mixture, garden pitch, slaked lime, blue vitriol. Also mandatory is the presence of fungicides, insecticides, because these drugs, compounds are most often used to treat plants, trees, shrubs.

Consider the most common diseases.

Moniliosis or monilial burn

It is manifested by the appearance of small cracks on the bark of a shrub, from which gum is released. The foliage wilts, turns yellow, the branches gradually dry out, from the outside it really looks as if the shrub was burned by a strong heat. The fungus Monilia is responsible for this process, it spreads very quickly throughout the plant, affecting healthy shoots. If measures are not taken in time, the felt cherry will die. First you need to remove all affected fragments (and burn).

But it is better not to wait until the first signs of the disease appear. The best control measures are prevention. For prevention, just before the beginning of flowering, the entire shrub is treated with one of the means - Horus, Fundazol, Topaz, Topsin. They are diluted with water (10-15 g + 10 l of water), if it rains, then the irrigation procedure should be repeated after the end of the flowering phase.

If the shrub was saved, then in the fall, next spring (before bud break), such treatments will need to be repeated. Bordeaux mixture or copper sulphate (3% solutions) can also be used for these subsequent irrigations.

Clasterosporiasis or perforated spotting

The cause of this disease is the fungus Clasterosporium carpophilum, which is activated when high humidity, damp. This fungus is so tenacious that it calmly endures the winter, actively gets down to business with the advent of spring. Initially appear on the leaves dark spots, which then turn into holes. The dark edging of the edges of the hole signals to us that this is clasterosporiasis, and not some other disease. Wind, insects spread spores of the fungus from infected plants to healthy ones.

The bark of the shrub also suffers - cracks appear, oozing gum, as a result, the disease covers the bush, growth slows down, leaves are shed, the shoots dry out. Preventive measures we can consider the timely thinning of the crown, the application of fertilizers that give vitality to the shrub, the cleaning of foliage, all kinds of excess growth.

With the advent of spring, it is recommended to carry out a triple treatment of the bushes: irrigation with Bordeaux mixture until the buds have blossomed, irrigation with Kuproksat on slightly ajar buds, repeated spraying with Kuproksat 2 weeks after the first treatment. If the shrub is already sick, then a radical cutting of all the affected fragments is performed.

coccomycosis

pocket disease

And again, the fungus, this is Taphrina, manifests itself very noticeably - after the end of the flowering phase, pitted fruits appear, wrinkled, flat (looks like a deflated balloon). Inside the fruits are pathogenic spores, where they ripen. As soon as you notice this, you should immediately remove all infected shoots with fruits, burn them. The plant itself must be treated with fungicides. Preventive spring treatments with Fundazol, Fitosporin-M, Abiga Peak, Albit, Skor will help you. They also treat the plant after removing diseased fragments.

Pocket disease, photo:

Pests

As for pests, the scale insect, aphid, plum codling moth, leafworm also do not ignore felt cherries.

An ash-soap solution helps with aphids (1 piece of laundry soap + a glass of ash + 10 liters of water), and if this is a particularly neglected case, the preparations "Commander", "Iskra", "Avant", "Agravertin", "Admiral" (insecticides ).

Spring preventive irrigation with the use of the “Prophylactin” product (half a liter of the drug + 1 bucket of water) helps from the leaflet. If the matter has already taken a serious turn, then pyrethroid products, such as Accord, Alphashans, Fatrin, Alfatsin, will help you. Processing should be carried out on a cool day (not higher than + 23 ° C), since these preparations become ineffective in hot weather.

Arranged traps with sweet sticky contents (berry compote + glue or thick sugar syrup) help from plum codling moth, butterflies flock to the smell and die, bogged down in a sticky mass. Such traps should be cleaned regularly, adding fresh bait mixture.

As for chemical procedures, immediately after the completion of the flowering phase, the shrub should be treated with "Decis" or "Alatar" - this will destroy the first codling moths. For the second time, at the end of July, the plant is again treated with Karbofos - this is already a method of fighting the second pest invasion.

The fight with the scale insect is quite difficult, if only because the insects are protected by a strong chitinous shell. To get rid of the pest, mechanical scraping off of harmful "shields" + subsequent treatment of the plant with Actellik is used. If the problem has taken on a serious scale, then absolutely all the affected parts of the bush are cut out and burned. The cherry itself is treated with "Preparation 30-D" (insectoacaricide). The same preparation is recommended for spring preventive spraying (500 g + 10 l of water).

Shield on felt cherry, photo:

As for the ardent fans of Chinese cherries - mice, they are usually used against a metal mesh with small cells, which is wrapped around the trunk of a bush several times. Thus, rodents will not get to the bark, they will not be able to feast on it. This should be done in the fall, as mice, even in winter (under the snow) can make their way to the cherry.

Summing up, we can say that an integrated approach to prevention and protection will help keep your plantings from pests and diseases. Do not forget about the rules of planting (root collar), about regular spring or autumn pruning. About spring preventive spraying, appropriate care during the entire season (as well as after it) should also be remembered. With the advent of autumn, be sure to dig up the tree trunks. If you follow these simple truths, then felt cherries, growing and caring for them, as well as collecting bountiful harvest will give you only positive emotions.

21.03.2016 15 704

Felt cherry, planting and care, varieties

Felt cherry (Chinese) has many advantages, planting and caring for which do not require special skills and abilities. stable good yield, the possibility of fruiting in the second year after planting, resistance to frost, decorativeness make it possible to grow a crop in many climatic zones. You will find photos, reviews and a description of the variety below.

Planting rules

Felt cherries can be planted in spring and autumn. Spring planting is preferable, the plants have time to take root well, get stronger before the onset of frost. In the spring, cherries are planted before bud break. In autumn, landing is carried out no later than the end of September. There are several basic principles by which good development and delicious harvest will not keep you waiting:

• A landing site should be chosen sunny, without stagnant water. Close proximity of groundwater;
• Cherry grows well on loamy, sandy soils, peat bogs. Heavy land with stagnant water, lowlands are not suitable for cultivation;
• In the allotted place, a hole is dug 0.5 meters deep, 80 centimeters wide;
• A mixture of fertile soil, three buckets of humus (), a tablespoon of superphosphate, 300-400 grams is poured at the bottom of the pit dolomite flour(can be replaced with lime);
• The seedling is installed vertically, covered with earth, without deepening the root neck;
• Planted cherry trees are abundantly watered with water (20-40 liters).

in the photo - planting felt cherries

Experienced gardeners it is recommended to plant a crop on ridges (knolls) so that water does not stagnate at the root collar during warm winters and spring floods. This can lead to the death of the plant. It is recommended to cover the root zone around the neck with coarse-grained sand, protecting the microcherries from damping out.

Attention! A prerequisite is the planting of two felt trees side by side, maintaining a distance of one meter. The peculiarity of bush cherries is self-fertility (self-pollination is impossible). You definitely need a cross variety, mid-season, Natalie and Skazka are best suited.

How to take care of plantings

The main care is proper feeding, timely pruning, pest and disease control. Fertilize felt cherries begin from the second year of planting. The need for these actions improves the fruiting and quality of the berries. With the onset of early spring, nitrogen fertilizers(20 g of urea or ammonium nitrate), phosphorus (15-20 grams of superphosphate). As well as potash top dressing (20 g of potassium sulfate) should be made in the fall.

In the spring, sanitary and regulatory pruning of felt (Chinese) cherries is carried out annually, and rejuvenation is done from the fifth year. Cherry begins to bear fruit quickly enough, by this time the tree must be formed. Remove old, diseased, damaged, withered and inward-pointing branches. In the first year, young annual seedlings are cut at a height of 0.4-0.5 meters. Annual shoots are left, it is they who bear fruit, give good harvest. From the second year of growth, all side branches are cut to a third of the length, the center of the crown is thinned out, 10-12 strong shoots are left.

in the photo - felt cherry after autumn pruning in the photo - the harvest of felt cherries, after the formation of a bush

Microcherry is often affected by diseases, the most dangerous is moniliosis (monilial burn), in which the tops of the shoots, flowers, ovaries of felt cherries dry up. It is necessary to remove the affected shoots 10-15 centimeters more and burn. For the treatment of the disease, the biological preparation Alirin-B is recommended, it can be used throughout the entire growing season.

A common pest is the pocket mite, which forms warts on the leaves. Effective way struggle is considered scalding cherries in the spring with boiling water until the period of swelling of the kidneys. The procedure can be repeated in autumn after leaf fall. The tick lays its eggs in early July and leaves the plants at the end. This month, spraying with drugs (Karbofos, Aktara, Karate) is necessary.

The best and most popular varieties

Stable high yield is the advantage and distinguishing feature of felt cherries. The average yield is 4-10 kg per tree, the maximum can reach 20 kilograms. Microcherry is self-fertile, it is recommended to grow several different varieties for good pollination:

Variety Damanka refers to late-ripening, ripens in late July, early August. A new variety with large fruits, excellent taste characteristics, is recognized as the best of the variety of felt varieties. The maximum yield is 10 kilograms;

in the photo - felt (Chinese) cherry variety Damanka

Variety Alice grows a low bush up to one and a half meters. Cherry is winter-hardy, drought-resistant, shows good resistance to diseases. Fruits of rich dark burgundy color, sweet and sour, ripen in mid-July;

in the photo - felt cherry variety Alice

Variety Natalie vigorous, trees reach a height of 1.8-2 meters. Large fruits of a dark red hue begin to ripen on July 17-20. The yield of one plant is 5-7 kilograms. Frost-resistant variety, flowers tolerate small spring frosts;

in the photo - felt cherry variety Natalie

Sort Princess undersized (up to 1.5 meters). Delicious sweet and sour berries ripen in the twentieth of July. felt trees enter begin to bear fruit two years after planting seedlings. Productivity with proper care reaches nine kilograms.

in the photo - wild cherry variety Tsarevna

When buying seedlings of felt cherries, pay attention to the varieties, Spark, Children's, Delight, Eastern, Beauty, Fairy Tale, Ocean Virovskaya, Zhelannaya, Harvest, White. A beautiful hardy felt cherry can grow in your garden, proper planting and care will give a generous harvest.

When it comes to growing cherries, most often they mean an ordinary variety that is widespread in Russian gardens.

How to plant a felt cherry, and what must be taken into account?

felt cherry

However, some gardeners like felt cherries much more, and for good reason:

• the fruits of felt cherries are fragrant, very juicy, tender, sweet with or without slight sourness;
• the pulp contains polysaccharides, vitamin C and substances that have a beneficial effect on blood pressure, blood composition, the functioning of the heart muscle and the digestive system. Fresh felted cherries are especially valued - their beneficial properties in this form are best manifested;
• blooming felt cherry is incredibly beautiful (photo attached to the article), so it is also used for decorative purposes;
• fruiting begins in the second year;
• cherries begin to ripen from the end of June and do not fall off for a long time;
• cherry productivity is high - with good care and suitable climatic conditions, the bush is densely strewn with berries, like sea buckthorn;
• the tree is unpretentious, resistant to frost and drought;
• no need, since it does not form in felt cherries;
• to coccomycosis the tree is completely immune.

It would seem that felt cherry is good for everyone - caring for it is quite simple, the fruits are tasty, and the harvests are plentiful. But there are also enough shortcomings in this variety of cherries: you will not find the fruits of felt cherries on sale, because they are poorly stored and transported; the tree ages after 10 years; without pruning, the bush thickens strongly; felt cherry is often affected by moniliosis. In addition, felt cherries are self-fertile - other varieties must grow nearby (even common cherry or steppe), otherwise there will be no harvest.

Knowing how to properly grow and care for felted cherries will help you easily overcome the disadvantages of this species while enjoying the benefits listed above.

Video about felt cherries

Taking into account the self-infertility of felt cherries, for better pollination it is necessary to plant at least two varieties at once that bloom at the same time. So, felt cherry Natalie of medium ripening with large tasty fruits and a yield of up to 7 kg per bush is popular. Among mid-season varieties also common: cherry felt Tsarevna, Eastern, Fairy Tale. Early varieties: Nursery, Alice, Delight. From late varieties popular: Summer, Beauty, Ocean Virovskaya, Altana.

Cherry looks very unusual felt varieties White, strewn during fruiting with fruits of a matte white color. The grade differs in high productivity and worthy tastes.

cherry planting

Important rules for planting felt cherries:

• choose a sunny place for cherries, where water does not stagnate;
• the soil is desirable light loamy or sandy loam, peat bogs and waterlogged heavy soils are not suitable;
• for a seedling, dig a hole with a depth and diameter of up to half a meter;
• fill the planting hole with a well-mixed soil mixture with the addition of rotted manure, lime, potassium and phosphorus;
• cut the root system of a cherry seedling by 20 centimeters so that the lateral roots develop better;
• lower the roots into a clay mash;
• so that the felt cherry is well accepted in the new place, the seedling should be planted at the same depth as in the nursery;
• fill the cherry seedling installed in the pit with soil mixture and compact the soil a little, and then pour it abundantly with water;
• mulch the ground around the cherry seedling with peat to regulate soil moisture and reduce the need for watering.

felt cherry

Felt cherries can be planted not only with ready-made seedlings - they are also propagated by green cuttings (in greenhouses), layering, and even by simply sowing seeds before winter.

Felt Cherry Care Basics

In the spring, after the end of cherry blossoms, it is fed with complex mineral fertilizers with a nitrogen content, fertilizing along the edge of the near-stem circle. At the same time, the soil is loosened no more than 4 cm deep, otherwise there is a risk of damaging the roots of the seedling. In autumn, when fertilizing cherries, nitrogen is excluded so as not to cause active growth shoots that will freeze at the first frost.

Shrubs should be watered moderately, since excess moisture has a bad effect on the growth of felt cherries, its fruiting and preparation for winter.

Video about growing felt cherries

To form a neat bush, annual felt cherry seedlings are cut at a height of 40 cm, from the second year all side branches are shortened by a third of the length. In addition, the cherry crown will need to be constantly monitored, avoiding thickening in the center of the tree. In order for the felt cherry to grow and bear fruit better, pruning of branches should be annual, it should be carried out in early spring. It is enough to leave 8-10 strong shoots, and cut the rest, Special attention devoting poorly located, diseased, old, fruit-bearing branches.

If you want a high-yielding felt cherry to grow in your garden, planting, care and pruning must be carried out in accordance with all the rules. The main thing is not to leave the tree unattended and prevent the development of moniliosis, otherwise the disease will pass to other stone plants in your area.