An ornamental shrub with maple-like leaves. Reproduction of red maple. Types of maples: tall and majestic

Maple - tree amazing beauty, especially in autumn, when its crown shimmers with all shades of yellow-red. The color palette is very diverse, there are such colors as yellow, golden yellow, orange, brown-red, purple, olive, lemon, orange-red.

AT different parts In the world, there are varieties of maple that are very different in crown, leaf shape, fruit shape and other features, although they belong to the same genus - maple (Acer L.), numbering about 160 species. Previously, maples belonged to the Maple family, now they are placed in the Sapindaceae family.

A bucket is a small pot made of soft plastic, usually square, in which the plant is rooted in its soil. The indicated number corresponds to one side of the jar at its widest level. For example, a 9 cm bucket is a square pot measuring 9 cm in its highest part, the widest. It is widely used for perennials and seedlings. We produce bucket plants from 6 months to a year, they are already well developed.

The basket is a bank, usually square and rather low, in which the plant is rooted in its soil. It is perforated to allow water to circulate in the substrate and bring oxygen to the roots. The indicated number corresponds to the side of the basket at the widest level. It is widely used for aquatic plants.

How to determine the type of maple

Varieties of maple can be distinguished by the shape of the sharp-leaved one, it has the outlines familiar to us - five lobes, the field maple has three to five of them, the curled maple has up to nine, the Manchurian maple has three leaves on the petiole. Maple fruits are also different. Two-winged insects outwardly look like dragonfly wings, which different types are at different angles: in the small-leaved maple - at a straight line, in the light maple the angle is obtuse, and in the field maple the lionfish are located in a straight line.

This is comparable to a half stem. His age is 2 years after the transplant. A 2 year old bush is a tree with at least three branches starting from the base. Trees set at half stem have one chest, the branch of which starts about 1.50 m from the ground. In the general case, the circumference of the trunk is indicated.

Trees placed in the upper stem have one chest, the horn of which starts about 2 m from the ground. When delivered, this tree has no branches. It only consists of a relatively thick stem and some fairly short roots when sold in bare roots. This strange aspect is normal. Therefore, nurseries remove them to facilitate the transport of plants. But in the spring, or shortly after planting, new leaves and branches appear, and the tree resumes a more traditional aspect. A tree in a tall stem usually has a large or even very large development.

How and where maples grow


Usually maples are from 10 to 40 m in height, but there are also species of bush maples. In such shrubs, several branches diverge from the base of the trunk, sometimes reaching a height of ten meters. Maples familiar to us are deciduous plants, but there are also evergreen maple species that grow in South Asia and the Mediterranean region.

Its location is carefully chosen, since once installed it will not be possible to move it, except in the very first years, and provided that it does not become too large. Several fruit trees and some grafted shrubs are also sold in tall stems.

A tall-stemmed tree has the advantage that it can pass under its groove without having the slightest slope. This must be taken into account when regularly switching the lawnmower to the lawn below it. It also allows you to set up a table and chairs or garden furniture in its advantageous shade without worrying about branches as soon as you stand. This shrub has been cut so that it has only one trunk or is grafted onto one trunk, the height indicated corresponds to the height of the trunk. the plant has a stem 60 cm high, the branches start at 60 cm and are mainly used for roses and shrubs grown in a pot or in an alignment, usually small shrubs or medium developments and evergreens, but there are some notable exceptions such as roses or willows. shrimp.

All varieties of maple are most fully represented in mountainous regions. East Asia. Scientists suggest that it was from here that his resettlement to other places began. Maples grow in Europe, North and Central America, South Asia, North Africa. Interestingly, in Australia and South America, these trees do not occur at all.

This palliative form is found in fruit trees. The shaft is formed by a vertical main rod and inclined side branches evenly spaced on both sides of the trunk. The tree is formed by a short trunk, at the top of which there are two symmetrical horizontal horizontal branches. These recent forms were created as their name suggests for apple and pear. On a short chest, two branches arranged symmetrically on either side result in a pear or apple shape. The advantage of these types of sizes, besides their aesthetic appearance, is a small footprint of wood.

Maples in Russia

Maple appeared in Russia several centuries ago, and the first was a species of maple, which was planted in monastic and boyar gardens. A little later, other types of maple began to be used in park culture - Tatar, Manchurian, ash-leaved. Now 20 species of maples are growing in the vastness of Russia, of which the most common are white (pseudo-planetary), field maple, and Norway maple (plane tree).

Disadvantage: These dimensions must be done every year and not improvised. They require technique and experience from the gardener. This type of size also has the advantage, when mastering the technique, of being able to set fruit tree in a small space, reduced courtyard, balcony or terrace, well lit. Which trees to choose for a small to medium sized garden? Let's discover together this wide range of plants that will meet the needs of your garden in size, silhouette, color and color.

Tree Selection Criteria

Before installing a tree in your garden, ask yourself the right questions so that it doesn't become too invasive or even dangerous for your home. There are many small ornate trees or shrubs ideal for the sometimes reduced size. modern gardens.

Norway maple is the most widespread. it tall tree(up to 28 m), having a dense spherical crown. In young trees, the bark is smooth, gray-brown, becoming almost black with time and covered with longitudinal cracks.

Field maple reaches a height of 15 m, has a trunk with brownish bark and a dense spherical crown. It tolerates a haircut, so it is sometimes used for but more often for group and single plantings.

Adjust the height and number of tree to garden size

Virginia oak, beech, liquor, birch and tulip trees are entities perfectly adapted to our regions, but they are also trees over 12 m tall and sometimes reaching very large proportions. So don't be fooled by your favorite and adapt your tree selection to the size of your garden. A tree on 150 m² of land seems to be a reasonable density.

Choose a port for your tree

Wearing your tree will determine its size and style, among the most common ports you will find. These are large scale trees with a wingspan of over 4m and are especially recommended if you want to create shade. the trees of the port are scattered. They are perfectly shaded trees, sheared or columnar port trees, thin trees with little width, a tree that creates little shade but whose thin port creates interesting volumes, especially if you want to break for example the horizontal aspect of the facade. These trees create beautiful vaults under which you can set up a bench, for example. They also have a very interesting graphic view even in winter.

  • These are large trees, often exceeding 6 m in width, divert them from the houses.
  • Weeping trees.
The appearance of your tree also depends on its presentation.

Tatar maple is a low tree with smooth, almost black, bark. It has an elegant appearance not only in autumn, but also in summer, when its numerous pink-red lionfish fruits ripen.

White maple (which is also called sycamore) can reach a height of 35 m. It has a wide domed crown. The bark on young trees is white, darkens and flakes off with age. Wood is used in the manufacture musical instruments, for production and decorative cladding furniture.

Choose a plant adapted to the soil and impact on the ground

Indeed, at the time of purchase, these trees will be presented to you in a stem or in a sword. Stem - a tree with a trunk from 50 to 00, with branches. . This question is often overlooked, however, is the key to the success of your plantations. What are the criteria to be considered.

Definition of aesthetic criteria

Be careful if you are looking for a tree with evergreen foliage, you may want to limit your selection because there are few hardy trees and they are often trees of great development. Let's now look at a selection of trees from small to medium development, among which you are sure to find original tree suitable for your area.



How maple is used

In the old days in Russia in the spring, maple sap was obtained from maples and syrup was boiled. Now birch sap is extracted by a similar method, but maple sap has been forgotten. In Canada, maple is widely used to obtain and further industrial production Sahara. The type of maple used for these purposes is called sugar maple, the leaf of which is depicted on

Small, these trees will find their place in a massive ornament, for example, at the entrance or on the edge of the terrace. Blooming pink in April May, before the leaves appear, can be offered in the stem or in the sword. Exist various varieties with purple or green foliage, pink or white blooms, single or double and erect, branched or rounded. The leaves turn red in autumn, the leaves look like a chestnut forest, deciduous tree in spreading port, naturally producing umbel, fine foliage, dark pink bloom in summer plumes, can be sold as stalk or stalk. Diversity shallow development with original heart-shaped foliage and finely serrated margins.

  • Rounded ports tree, slow growth.
  • Yellow flowers in panicles in summer.
  • They can be sold in sword or stem.
  • Weeping weeping tree, gray silver foliage.
  • Especially decorative carpenter in winter.
  • Very decorative foliage.
  • Young shoots are pink and white.
  • Variety of small development.
A successful planting results in a good start and care, especially in the early years.

To obtain wood, maple varieties that grow in the area are used. So, in North America it is sugar maple, in European countries- white maple.

Maples in Japan

In Japan, maple is especially revered as a symbol of greatness and eternity. It is often used to create bonsai. The palm-shaped maple is especially cultivated. Many of its garden forms have been bred, distinguished by a variety of leaf colors and the elegance of their shape. Such maple plantings can be compared to the brightest flower arrangements.

Several years of experience have revealed the main causes of mortality from planting. 50%: Poor soil quality 15%: Poor soil quality 20%: No plant care upon receipt 15%: Poor planting monitoring. So let's discover together the different steps to better understand your tree plantations.

Drained soil is a guarantee of the success of your plantations. Preferably your basement is slate, not clay. To test good soil and basement drainage, you can implement the following experiment. Fill the hole with pipe. 1 hour the water should have completely disappeared, if it does not come to consult us to know the methods that can be used to drain your soil. Soil supply may be required to improve your soil structure.


The photo shows the following varieties of maple:

  • photo 1 - field maple leaves;
  • photo 2 - white maple leaves;
  • photo 3 - Tatar maple;
  • photo 4 - sugar maple;
  • photo 5 - Japanese maples.

The name of the genus comes from the word Acer - sharp, because of the shape of the leaf blade. In most species of this genus, it has sharp lobes. Unpretentiousness, an abundance of species that differ in size and shape of the crown, as well as the color of the foliage, made maples indispensable in green construction.

Watching the planting in the clover plant

Soak the potted plant and praline in bare roots, the instructions are all the more important when planting during the growing season. The plant should not be buried above the crown. The roots should be at ground level, the plant will decide the optimum depth for its growth. The mesh surrounding the root ball of the plants should be left as a textile, otherwise it should be removed as follows: cut the bottom of the mesh after planting the plant in the hole and then finish cutting and removing it safely. Some baskets will self-destruct and therefore may remain in the ground.

Planting maples closer to housing, decorating parks with this picturesque tree was still a custom among the inhabitants of Hellas. They later brought this tradition to the shores of the Black Sea, where they founded numerous settlements. Perhaps it was from here that the noble tradition spread throughout the world.

Everyone knows the Norway maple (Acer platanoides). In the landscaping of city gardens and parks, this species is perhaps the most favorite. Shady, elegant, with large broad leaves, in summer the tree pleases the eye with bright greenery, in autumn - with generous golden beauty, in winter - with elegant graphics of brown branches, and in spring - with golden-green bouquets of flowers. At the time of its fragrant flowering, maple is a magnificent honey plant. From the nectar collected by bees from one tree, up to 10 kg of honey is obtained.

The pressure of the roots will be enough to break the seams. For the rest, you need to cut off the seams of the part and the other. For herbaceous grass clippings, just loosen the grate on the plant's crown once the plant is in place in the planting hole. The fence will only degrade over time.

Observation of crops of bare root crops

Be sure to protect the roots of these plants from air currents and dry before planting. Before planting, make a few plants to "dress" the air and root parts. This is due to the reduction in the number of branches and the trimming of those that remain to limit evapotranspiration. When buying bare root plants, you must also "renew" the roots.

It is impossible not to be surprised by the endless variety natural species and cultural forms of our acquaintance - maple.

Purple-leaved varieties of Norway maple are very popular - Krimson King, Schwedlerii, Royal Red.

Variegated forms are less common. One of the most famous, with a creamy yellow border on the edge of the leaf, belongs to the cultivar Drummondii. Small groups, consisting of trees of this form, are distinguished by their extraordinary beauty and lightness.

Observation of planting plants in containers

Never break the root ball or loosen the roots too much, as we sometimes hear it. It is wise to water on the day of planting and pack properly so that the soil in situ adheres properly to the roots or root ball of your young plantations. nutrient, helping to anchor your tree, prefer plentiful but spaced waterings. Find watering tips on the advice page - After planting.

The choice of educational material

To attach the tree chest to the guardian, choose a special tie or flexible ties. Don't use strings that don't evolve with the evolution of the tree. In the case of planting a tree in a clod or container, we prefer to install a bicycle guard either in a bipole or tripod, so as not to accidentally cross the root ball with the risk of breaking one of the main roots. bare rooted trees: you will be able to install a tutor at the bottom of the hole so that the roots try not to break them and the tutor is parallel to the trunk.

Ash-leaved maple (Acer negundo) came to Europe from the central part of North America. The most beautiful of all forms of this species is Flamingo.



Its foliage is characterized by spectacular white-pink spotting, which makes the crown seem openwork, lacy. decorative shape Aurea can be recognized by the lemon-yellow color of the leaves.

Field maple (Acer campestre) captivates with its modest appearance, grows in the form of a tree or bush. Its palmately lobed leaves turn bright yellow in autumn. It is more demanding on the soil than Norway maple. This type of maple can be successfully used in hedges.

False siboldov (autumn coloring)




For small gardens, the false-siebold maple (Acer pseudosieboldianum) is suitable - an elegant tree up to 8 m tall, very beautiful in spring when the bright pinkish-red scales of leaf buds have not yet fallen, which have just released young leaves. AT autumn period the foliage takes on a fiery red color, as if the bush is engulfed in flames - an impressive and unforgettable sight.

Field (autumn coloring)


Tatar


In winter, the green-bark maple (Acer tegmentosum) will perform as a soloist. The trunk of young trees is decorated with greenish bark with longitudinal white stripes, so that the surface of the trunk resembles marble.

The Tatar maple (Acer tataricum) is a must in urban landscaping. This species is unpretentious, tolerates a haircut well. Dressed up and at the time of flowering, and in the fall. Its numerous lionfish fruits are also charming. They are collected in lush clusters, conspicuous against the backdrop of foliage.

Maple Ginnala, or riverine, is very similar to the previous view, but it autumn color more intense.

The sugar maple (Acer saccharinum) is native to North America. In our climate, an overseas resident feels great: he is not afraid of frost, does not make special demands on the soil, and does not suffer from strong winds. Its other name - silvery - this species received for the color of the sheet: its upper side is bright green, and the lower side is silvery white. AT autumn time the smooth light gray trunk of this maple is crowned with a golden crown.



Bearded (summer color)


Very decorative garden form silver maple Laciniata with deeply dissected leaves. The characteristic of this species is early ripening seeds that quickly lose their viability if their moisture content drops to 34%, so seeds received from outside often do not germinate.

Unfortunately, on household plots while you rarely see a Far Eastern species - the Manchurian maple (Acer mandshuricum) - an original slender tree with an openwork crown. Its trifoliate leaves on reddish petioles are very attractive. This maple has an early autumn color of the leaves of a rare beauty of pink.

Another species that is not very common in culture is the bearded maple (Acer barbinerve). Long hairs are noticeable on the underside of the leaves, which probably gave the species its name.

Decorative throughout the season. In winter, when there are few bright colors, its reddish shoots stand out beautifully against the background of snow. The species is very cold hardy.

Most maples are demanding on soil and air moisture. The soil they need is light loamy or sandy loam. When growing maples, it is necessary to take into account not only the conditions of their natural distribution, but also the conditions of the area where it was grown, planting material. Plants from areas with a similar climate show themselves to be more winter-hardy.

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