Flowers in the Japanese style "komono". Japanese plants Which perennials are suitable for a Japanese garden

The flora and fauna of Japan is diverse, due to the favorable climate and large quantity moisture, and also has its own characteristics, which is associated with the island isolation of the territory. Endemics are common here - plants and animals that live only in this area. In Japan, there are 2750 species of plants, many animals and birds, rivers, lakes and seas are rich in fish. Forests cover about 60% of the entire territory.

The flora of Japan

The vegetation of Japan is diverse. Species that are characteristic of tropical, subtropical and temperate climatic zones grow here.

On the island of Kyushu, a tropical forest grows in the sea coast zone, and above - a subtropical one. Also, it is the subtropical forest that is characteristic of the island of Shikoku and the south of the island of Honshu. Here you can see the evergreen oak, endemic pine, cypress, thuja, cryptomeria and polycarp. The undergrowth is occupied by gardenia, azalea, aralia and magnolia. On the island of Honshu, you can see a unique laurel forest.

The most common trees are camphor laurels, castanopsis, oaks, star anises, camellias and symplokos, in some places there are bamboo and ginkgo.

The Ryukyu Islands are predominantly covered by tropical rain forests: a variety of palm trees, tree ferns, cycads, podocarpus, banana trees, ficuses and other plants. In the mountainous areas grows evergreen oak and tropical coniferous trees(Akamatsu pine, hemlock, fir, etc.). Epiphytes and creepers are also widespread here. On the island of Kakuyu, a natural forest grows, consisting of Japanese cryptomeria, in which there are trees that are up to 2 thousand years old. The diameter of such rare specimens reaches 5 meters, and the height is 50.

The high part of the island of Hokkaido is covered with spruce and fir forests, and bamboo is found in the lower tier. On the mountain tops of Honshu, rhododendrons, elfin cedars, heath, alpine and subalpine meadows grow. On the coast of the southern islands, mangrove trees are found.

In the northern part of the island of Honshu and in the southern part of Hokkaido, a broad-leaved deciduous forest extends, dominated by beech, oak, chestnut, maple, ash, linden, elm, birch, hornbeam, hop hornbeam, zelkva and bagatoplydniki. The mountain slopes are covered with coniferous-broad-leaved forest (cryptomeria, cypress, hemlock, false suga, thousand, etc.).

The natural vegetation of this island nation has suffered greatly at the hands of people. So, a significant part of the forests was replaced by agricultural land.

Animal world of Japan

The fauna is not as diverse as the flora, which is due to the territorial isolation of the islands.

On Shikoku, you can see Japanese macaques, white-breasted bears, spotted deer, serows, wild boars, sables, raccoon dogs, foxes, otters, flying squirrels, squirrels, chipmunks, hares, pasyukov, mice, dormouse, shrews, shrews, as well as petrels and copper pheasants .

Japanese macaques, white-breasted bears, badgers, Japanese sables, raccoon dogs, spotted deer, pasyuki, foxes, Japanese sernau, wild boars, flying squirrels, chipmunks, squirrels, mice, dormice, voles, hares, shrews, shrews, moles and mogers. Of the birds, you can meet the copper pheasant, mandarin duck, grebe, shelduck, from reptiles - the Yakushima gecko.

Brown bears, raccoon dogs, ermines, weasels, squirrels, chipmunks, sables, hares, Japanese macaques, deer and various rodents are common in Hokkaido. Among the birds, one can single out the Japanese three-toed woodpecker, beaded eagles, fish owls, grosbeaks, etc.

Honshu is inhabited by white-breasted bears, foxes, serows, macaques, deer, wild boars, badgers, ermines, raccoon dogs, sables, hares, and many species of rodents. There are also many birds here: golden eagles, pheasants, robins, swifts, nutcrackers, partridges, petrels, gulls, jays, crows, blackbirds, nuthatches, etc.

In the fresh waters of Japan, crucian carp and carp, crabs, crayfish and turtles are found. Many species of fish live in the coastal seas and the Pacific Ocean: salmon, cod, perch, tuna, eel, saury, etc.

Rhubarb can not be found in every garden plot. It's a pity. This plant is a storehouse of vitamins and can be widely used in cooking. What is not prepared from rhubarb: soups and cabbage soup, salads, delicious jam, kvass, compotes and juices, candied fruits and marmalade, and even wine. But that's not all! A large green or red rosette of plant leaves, reminiscent of burdock, acts as a beautiful backdrop for annuals. Not surprisingly, rhubarb can also be seen in flower beds.

3 delicious sandwiches - cucumber sandwich, chicken sandwich, cabbage and meat sandwich - a great idea for a quick snack or for a picnic in nature. Only fresh vegetables, juicy chicken and cream cheese and a little spice. There is no onion in these sandwiches, if you wish, you can add an onion marinated in balsamic vinegar to any of the sandwiches, this will not spoil the taste. Having quickly prepared snacks, it remains to collect a picnic basket and go to the nearest green lawn.

Depending on the variety group, the age of seedlings suitable for planting in open ground, is: for early tomatoes- 45-50 days, medium terms of ripening - 55-60 and late terms - not less than 70 days. When planting seedlings of tomatoes at a younger age, the period of its adaptation to new conditions is significantly extended. But success in obtaining a high-quality crop of tomatoes also depends on the careful implementation of the basic rules for planting seedlings in open ground.

unpretentious plants The “second plan” of sansevieria does not seem boring to those who appreciate minimalism. They are better than other indoor decorative foliage stars for collections that require minimal maintenance. The stable decorative effect and extreme endurance of only one type of sansevieria are also combined with compactness and very fast growth - Khan's rosette sansevieria. The squat rosettes of their stiff leaves create striking clusters and patterns.

One of the brightest months of the garden calendar pleasantly surprises with the balance of the distribution of favorable and unsuccessful days for working with plants according to the lunar calendar. Gardening and gardening in June can be done throughout the month, while the unfavorable periods are very short and still allow you to do useful work. There will be their optimal days for sowing with plantings, and for pruning, and for a pond, and even for construction work.

Meat with mushrooms in a pan is an inexpensive hot dish that is suitable for a regular lunch and for a festive menu. Pork will cook quickly, veal and chicken too, so this meat is preferable for the recipe. Mushrooms - fresh champignons, in my opinion, the best choice for homemade stew. Forest gold - mushrooms, boletus and other goodies are best harvested for the winter. Boiled rice or mashed potatoes are ideal as a side dish.

I love ornamental shrubs, especially unpretentious and with an interesting, non-trivial foliage color. I have different Japanese spireas, Thunberg barberries, black elderberry ... And there is one special shrub that I will talk about in this article - the viburnum vesicle. To make my dream of a low maintenance garden come true, it's probably the perfect fit. At the same time, it is able to diversify the picture in the garden very much, moreover, from spring to autumn.

June is not accidentally one of the favorite months of gardeners. The first harvest, new crops in the vacant places, the rapid growth of plants - all this cannot but rejoice. But the main enemies of gardeners and gardeners - pests and weeds - also this month use every opportunity to spread. Planting work is on the wane this month, and seedling planting is at its peak. The lunar calendar in June for vegetables is balanced.

Many owners of cottages, equipping the territory, think about creating a lawn. Imagination draws, as a rule, magic pictures- a smooth carpet of green grass, a hammock, a deck chair, a barbecue and lovely trees and shrubs around the perimeter ... But, faced with the breakdown of the lawn in practice, many are surprised to learn that it is not so easy to create a beautiful, even lawn. And, it would seem, everything is done correctly, but here and there incomprehensible bumps appear or weeds sprout.

June chart garden work able to surprise anyone with its richness. In June, even lawns and ponds require attention. Alone ornamental plants have already completed flowering and need pruning, others are just getting ready for the upcoming show. And donate ornamental garden in order to take better care of the ripening crop - the idea is not the best. In the June lunar calendar, there is time to plant new perennials and potted compositions.

Cold pork leg terrine is a meat appetizer from the category of budget recipes, because pork legs are one of the cheapest parts of the carcass. Despite the modesty of the ingredients, appearance dishes and their taste highest level! Translated from French, this “game dish” is a cross between a pate and a casserole. Since there were fewer game hunters in times of technological progress, terrine is made more often from livestock meat, fish, vegetables, and cold terrines are also made.

In pretty pots or trendy florariums, on walls, tables and window sills, succulents can last weeks without watering. They do not change their character and do not perceive conditions that are comfortable for most capricious indoor plants. And their diversity will allow everyone to find their favorite. Similar either to stones, or to bizarre flowers, or to extravagant sticks or lace, fashionable succulents have long been not limited to cacti and fat women.

Trifle with strawberries is a light dessert common in England, the USA and Scotland. I think this dish is prepared everywhere, only called differently. Trifle consists of 3-4 layers: fresh fruit or fruit jelly, biscuit biscuit or biscuit, whipped cream. Usually they prepare custard for a layer, but for a light dessert they prefer to do without it, whipped cream is enough. This dessert is prepared in a deep transparent salad bowl so that the layers are visible.

Weeds are bad. They interfere with the growth of cultivated plants. Some wild herbs and shrubs are poisonous or may cause allergies. At the same time, many weeds can be of great benefit. They are used both as medicinal herbs and as an excellent mulch or ingredient. green manure, and as a means of repelling harmful insects and rodents. But in order to properly fight or use this or that plant for the good, it must be identified.

Today, very often, homeowners want to decorate their summer cottage in the Japanese style. The visiting card of Japanese culture is not only rock gardens, but also flower gardens. After all, as you know, the eastern countries can boast of their amazing flora and the ability to recreate truly original compositions from it. In addition, the Japanese have special feelings for flowers, putting a certain symbolism into them. Floriculture in Eastern countries They are engaged both on a large scale, organizing delightful flower gardens, and privately on their estate territories.

The Japanese treat the "art of flora" with special reverence, admire the beauty of flowering plants, use them to decorate their homes and dining tables. For example, not a single tea ceremony takes place without decorating the table with flowers grown in own garden. It is worth saying that today it is possible to grow Japanese flowers on the territory of our country, even taking into account the climate of our latitudes. Next, we will talk about the names of Japanese flowers and how they can decorate your site.

Features of Traditional Japanese Flowers

The features of traditional Japanese flowers include the following:

Japanese plants grow in a mild and warm climate, therefore, appropriate conditions should be created for them in order to extend and improve their survival in our latitudes.
Beautiful Japanese flowers love an abundance of moisture, so these plants should be watered regularly at regular intervals. However, excessive zeal is also not worth it, since stagnant moisture can provoke root rot and the development of a disease such as gray rot.
Varieties of Japanese flowers should be planted in sunny glades, as in the shade or partial shade their flowering will not be so bright.
The Japanese are always experimenting with plants, adding something new to their varieties. For example, when breeding varieties, they try to cross plants so that the flowering of new flowers is more abundant and lush.
Japanese flowers are designed to decorate not only suburban areas in a "live" form, but will also be an excellent addition to arranged flower arrangements.

Landscape planning for a summer cottage and a Japanese flower garden

Before planting Japanese flowers, you should definitely draw up a landscape project for a summer cottage and a plan for a future flower garden. So, if we take into account the beginning of the 90s, it can be noted that the builders and designers of that time faced many obstacles that they could not overcome due to the weak development of the architectural industry. Today, even the specific relief that the regions of our country have is not an obstacle to the construction of beautiful summer cottages.

As you know, many regions of Russia cannot boast of a uniform relief, since in some places the height difference is several meters. Such a landscape is a significant obstacle to the further design of flower beds and country garden. The Japanese flower garden is no exception, for decorating which it is advisable to choose a flat and horizontal platform. The primary task in such a situation is to strengthen the shedding soil. To strengthen the slope, it is possible to use special mesh structures - gabions. They do not require a special foundation and cladding, so they are very convenient for landscaping.

Uneven terrain, in addition to steep slopes, puts other obstacles in the way of arranging Japanese gardens - these are obstacles in the form of decays between two hills. Sometimes builders solve this problem by building a special "dam" that fits perfectly into the landscape. The resulting "dam" can be decorated with a structure alpine slides, waterfalls, miniature ponds, etc.

When arranging the landscape of a summer cottage in the Japanese style, a huge role is given to design work, since during their implementation it is possible to conduct an ideal analysis of the existing territory, taking into account all the features. Then, on the basis of analytical data and measurements, it is possible to draw up a successful project for the future site, and thereby find a rational solution that, through certain time can make your dream come true.

Decor garden plot Japanese style will provide you large area for creativity. The garden can be decorated with different characters in the form of stone sculptures. AT recent times various characters, animals became popular. For example, these may be unusual shape flower pots. In general, any object that can be skillfully played with plants will become a bright decorative detail that gives your garden a personality.

Schemes of Japanese flower beds in the country

Once you have decided which Japanese flowers you want to grow on your suburban area, you should draw up a diagram of the flower garden.

The main difference between Japanese flower gardens is that flower beds here they must be combined with stone compositions. Japanese-style rockeries include evergreen stunted shrubs and trees, as well as figures made of stones.

You can use one of the suggested schemes:

Names and characteristics of Japanese flowers

The following cultures can be classified as traditional Japanese plants:

Chrysanthemum.
Benibana.
Sakura.
Sophora.
Orchid.
Japanese rose.
Camellia japonica.

Japanese rose flowers

The second name of the culture is Eustoma (lat. Eustoma). In height, the Japanese rose reaches 70 cm. There are also undersized varieties plants. It blooms with bright and large flowers that have the shape of a funnel.

Planting rules:

The plant should be sown in early spring. Before this, the seeds are carefully prepared for planting, the stratification procedure is carried out.
The first shoots appear within 14 days after planting. Sprouts are planted at a distance of 15-20 cm from each other.
The plant during its life should be watered regularly.
Contribute complex fertilizers Twice a year.

Camellia japonica flowers

Camellia japonica belongs to the Tea family (Theaceae). Grows as low growing evergreen shrubs. The leaves are oval in shape. Blooms with flowers big size having a pink or red color.

Landing and care rules:

The crop is planted in partial shade.
Water flower beds with camellia should be evenly watered to avoid stagnant water.
The culture is fed with mineral fertilizers in March and at the end of summer.

Chrysanthemum japonica

It is worth saying that the chrysanthemum, which is familiar to all summer residents of Russia, is also a favorite flower of the Japanese. This culture is often found in the national poetry and prose of Japan. In addition, chrysanthemum is often added to give a spicy taste to tea drink at tea ceremonies. Japanese chrysanthemums bloom with bright colors during the flowering period. This culture is also beautiful during the budding period.

Chrysanthemum belongs to perennial crops. Plant them in sunny clearings with well-drained soil. Feed flower beds with chrysanthemum in late spring. For this, potassium supplements are used.

Japanese Sophora - plants and flowers

Sophora (Sophora) Japanese is otherwise called Japanese acacia. belongs to the genus Legumes. In total, there are more than 50 varieties of this plant. Grows as shrubs or small trees. The branches of culture have a curved shape. The foliage turns bright green in summer.

The plant should be planted exclusively in sunny glades, as she loves abundant Sun rays. If you plant a crop in the northern regions, then it is worth organizing additional lighting with the help of a phytolamp.
Maintain the temperature in the area where the culture grows should be at a level of +1 to +12 degrees.
Water the culture should be 1 time in 7-14 days.
Fertilizers are applied under the root of the crop at the beginning of winter. For this, complex mineral fertilizers.

Japanese sakura flower

The name of this plant is directly associated with Japan and its original culture. In this country, there are special charts that display the dates of flowering of certain varieties of sakura. This is necessary so that local residents can certain days visit Japanese flower gardens and enjoy the flowering of this majestic plant with your own eyes. Sakura is an integral part of all landscape compositions in Japan.

Benibana

It is not for nothing that this flower is called mythical, as it blooms with very unusual colors - orange with a bright crimson hue. Flowering culture is observed in the summer. Benibana belongs to the chrysanthemum family. Outwardly, the flower looks like a thistle.

Orchid

This plant feels great in the Japanese climate. In our latitudes, an orchid is most often grown at home on a windowsill, as this plant is very demanding to care for. Drainage is poured into the bottom of the pot. The soil should be used specialized, purchased at the store and designed specifically for orchids.

Japanese-style garden design and small landscape forms

When designing a landscape Japanese garden colors are often used small landscape forms. Under this concept are hidden all sorts of small decorative details that will help you make your garden unique. These include gazebos, sheds, various sculptures, fountains, columns. They are also classified as small landscape garden furniture and barbecue facilities. The use of such details turns the design of the garden plot into a real art.

If you need to divide the territory into zones, then various kinds of decorative walls, screens, lattices, pavilions, gazebos and other similar structures are suitable for this purpose. They can help realize several ideas on one site. For example, make a corner wildlife, and in the neighborhood with it to recreate this or that composition from a stone.

If you decide to use decorative grilles, then do not forget that they are also an excellent frame for vertical gardening. In general, any vertical structure that you put in a Japanese garden will serve as a platform where you can place vines and various compositions in decorative baskets. Such structures are usually made of wood, but are sometimes made of metal rods or even bamboo.

Japanese flowers: video

Flowers. The inhabitants of the Celestial Empire carefully monitor nature. In general, the East is characterized by attachment to everything fresh, real, to the miracle of nascent life.

Praise the natural

Many botanists are of the opinion that the flora of the Middle Kingdom is one of the richest and most colorful on the planet. An indicator is a Japanese flower park called "Ashikaga", located on the island of Honshu. Delicate wisteria of different shades, broom and plum, daffodils and muscari grow here. Tulips, azaleas and rhododendrons, as well as roses, hydrangeas, petunias, irises and clematis amaze visitors with a colorful palette. In addition, you can see the delightful riot of nature by heading to Tokyo, where the Kawachi Fuji Garden is located, or to Hatachi Seaside Park in Hitachinaka City.

If you find yourself in this wonderful state, then you will see how nature is valued and protected on its territory.

Most residents are fond of floriculture; on their beds you can see a flower unusual for Europeans. The Japanese mentality has positive features: since childhood, these people are instilled with a desire to protect the environment. In other states, many of the local plants cannot be found.

The country has a mild climate, which favors the growth of many types of flora. There is also enough moisture and sun, due to which such natural masterpieces are born. Local botanists are trying to improve natural plants, experimenting, creating new shades, making the buds more lush.

National traditions

Many people know about such a hobby as ikebana. This art was born just on the territory of Japan, where lovers first began to beautifully arrange flowers. Careful attention is paid in China to the so-called art of flora. It includes the beliefs of the local inhabitants, bordering on mysticism. There are special cults, the center of which is a flower.

A Japanese person lives with the knowledge that admiring flowers should be an integral part of his life, because such a pastime helps to feel delight, enjoy the moments of the blossoming of nature. This process has its own name - khanami. It is combined with a meal. Traditional Japanese flowers are placed on the tables during lunch.

exotic close

Repeatedly, each of us saw Japanese flowers in local latitudes. The names of some are also very well known, such as the chrysanthemum, which is loved all over the world. If we have a flower growing in summer and autumn, then in his homeland exotic beauty pleases the eyes already in the first months of spring.

There are many species of this plant, which sometimes outshine even roses in their beauty. There are many authors who sing about this flower. Japanese conveys all the tenderness and awe with which people relate to this miracle of nature. You can not only admire them, but also make them an element of dishes and teas that the flower perfectly complements. Interesting exhibitions are held in honor of this plant, where you can just look at the beautiful compositions that amaze the imagination of an inexperienced connoisseur of art.

garden beauty

Chrysanthemum can be kept at home. It has a compact size due to the fact that flowers are planted in flowerpots, taken from greenhouses, where they grow from seeds. To stop growth, enter special preparations. Also, thanks to them, the plant acquires a decorative appearance.

When buying a cutting, you can end up with a fairly large process, which is more suitable for a garden setting. In order to avoid this, you need to know the subtleties of care. They reproduce in different ways: cuttings, dividing the bush, true lovers of these plants take Japanese flower seeds.

The first two methods are very simple. It is necessary to take 3-5 cuttings and plant in one pot. Branches should be pruned after flowering. Wintering should proceed under temperature conditions close to zero. It is best to put the pot in the cellar. escapes will appear. This is a great time to change new land. If the flower is old, you can do without it, although a fresh environment will always benefit the plant. If the chrysanthemum has developed well, you can start collecting cuttings that will be used to grow new bushes. It's lovely and unpretentious flower giving joy to everyone who decorates their home with it.

Refined beauty

Sakura, the most popular Japanese tree, also deserves admiration. Its flower has an unusually delicate color. Hanami, as a rule, is dedicated to him. On television, you can see forecasts for the flowering time of trees in individual cities. Thus, citizens are preparing for admiration, as if for a ceremony.

There are a huge number of parks and gardens planted with these plants. They look truly fabulous, give admiration and peace. Sakura is either sharp-sawed. The tree can reach a height of 25 meters, has large leaves, which in autumn time acquire a dark purple or even brown color. Each brush, which is 5 cm long, contains about 8 flowers.

Subtleties of treatment

Flowering is observed in March-June. Often formed pink flowers, although in Japan you can meet not only them. There are parks in which there are several dozen species of this tree. It is able to withstand cold weather, grows gradually. When buds appear, it is better to water the roots additionally, especially if there is little rain.

The earth sometimes lacks potassium and nitrogen, organic-type substances, which can make growth difficult. To solve this problem, manure and humus, organic and mineral fertilizers are used. In addition, it is worth trimming the branches that have dried up and burden the crown. This is best done in the spring, before the juice begins to move along the trunk. This operation should be carried out by a specialist so as not to harm the sakura.

To get new trees, you need to carry out reproduction using seeds or processes of roots. Cuttings and grafting are also suitable when it comes to varietal sakura.

Beautiful children of the earth

Benibana is another unusual and interesting flower. The Japanese people love her for her bright scarlet color. When it blooms in summer, it seems as if a red carpet has covered the mountains, like poppies in our fields. The plant belongs to the chrysanthemum, and in appearance it looks like a thistle.

Another wonderful flower is the orchid, which is often depicted in the paintings of Japanese masters. It is interesting that she came to the Celestial Empire from South America. The climate here is quite suitable for her. Japanese scientists set up experiments during which the color, shape of the petals changes, or reproduction occurs in a new way.

Secrets of a successful gardener

In order for the orchid to grow well, you need to work on properly organized lighting. It must be scattered. The direct rays of the sun will only hurt. If everything is done correctly, then you can regularly see the beautiful flowers of this plant. When mistakes are made, the leaves take on a yellow tint and an elongated shape. In summer, you should not leave the orchid on the windowsill, it is better to put it in a light shade, otherwise a burn may appear. She adapts very slowly. bright lighting after the winter cold. You can use plastic or film.

In autumn, blackout should be eliminated, since natural light is no longer so strong. At this time, a period begins when the orchid experiences peace, shoots and buds are poured for future flowers. It is also important not only the strength, but also the duration of the lighting. This plant should be under the rays of light for at least half a day. You can not leave it in the shade for a long time. To solve this problem, it is worth using artificial light.

Quality care

You always want more beauty, so gardeners are asking questions about the reproduction of this beautiful flower. To do everything right, you need to have a solid stock of knowledge. You can divide a larger plant. Some detach the shoots that have grown on the sides. Cuttings from above are also good for transplanting. Bulbs are also suitable for this purpose.

Or can you go over difficult way and grow a flower from a seed. When the soil ball collapses, the plant can be damaged, so you need to act with extreme care so as not to hurt the hairs of the roots, because it is thanks to them that the orchid feeds.

Sometimes you can cut open the pot to get it right, but root system will remain unharmed. Jewelry work is cutting off old parts. The top is not covered with substrate. When it comes to trimming the peduncle, you can get rid of it completely or partially in the part where the flower grew. The plant has buds that are dormant. Lateral peduncles and offspring appear from them.

You really need to love nature in order to study all the subtleties of dealing with it and ensure mutual understanding with man. environment. It works well with the Japanese, from whom we borrowed a large number of beautiful plants that give pleasure and peace of mind just by looking at them. The Celestial Empire is the land of spiritual development and close interaction with nature.

In a classic Japanese garden, as we have already noted, the main emphasis is on recreating the natural landscape, usually using water and stone. Plants, on the other hand, play the role of an elegant "wrapper" that adorns the relief of the garden. That is why plants should be selected very carefully and economically, and in no case should you strive to create a collection garden densely filled with exotic Japanese species. There may be very few plants used - in Japan you can find gardens from rhododendrons alone!

There is no need to plant only the species loved by the Japanese. Very often they are sensitive to our frosts. Usually it is easy for them to pick up a replacement from plants more adapted to our conditions. For example, the main conifers in the Japanese garden are thunberg pine(Pinus thunbergii) and densely flowered pine(Pinus densiflora). It is better to replace them with species more familiar to Russia, especially since densely flowered pine is a close relative of our good friend - Scotch pine(P. silvestris). The main thing is to find a good balance of several ornamental trees and shrubs interspersed with flowering perennials, grasses, bamboos and ferns.

Below we have selected as an example 12 plants from which it is easy to create compositions in the Japanese style. From trees, the Japanese appreciate weeping forms with spherical contours, and from ornamental and flowering shrubs, preference is given to plants that are easy to cut, in order, again, to give them the appearance of hemispheres. As accents that break the monotony of spherical forms, tall cereals, ferns and bamboo are included in the composition.

In addition to these "best of the best", the section contains descriptions of several dozen more plants recommended for the Japanese garden (see the navigation column on the right). The vast majority of them feel great in central Russia.

DECORATIVE TREES

Common cherry. Many Russians certainly want to have sakura in their dacha in order to perform the spring ceremony of admiring Japanese cherries. Of course, sakura grow not only in the subtropics, but also in the Krasnodar Territory, Stavropol Territory, in the south of Primorsky Territory. And the residents middle lane and the northern regions, it is better to remember your native cherries - snow-white, poetic, sung in Russian literature in both poetry and prose. Especially close to the southern sakura Cherry ordinary f. Raksa, which grows magnificently in the suburbs.

Palm maple. Almost all types of maple are of interest as very ornamental plants. A beautiful pattern of leaves of various shapes, bright autumn color, original inflorescences and fruits, bark pattern and color of shoots have long attracted people's attention to them. Almost all species are good honey plants. For landscaping purposes, they began to be used from the first steps in the development of horticulture. Used in single and group plantings, low forms are planted in tubs. It goes well with dark conifers.

Scotch pine. The priority in the Japanese garden, without a doubt, belongs to the pine. She is - a symbol of longevity, courage, willpower. The choice of pine trees for planting in a Japanese garden depends on its size. Garden areas in Japan are very small, so it has long been customary to shape trees, weakening their growth and giving the crown an expressive shape. In modern Japanese gardens, mountain pine is sometimes used without shaping, while maintaining its natural lodging appearance. Pine trees form the structural basis of the garden, serve as its skeletal plants.

DECORATIVE SHRUBS

Barberry Thunberg- the most beautiful of deciduous barberries, with yellowish, bright red or purple-red, later purple-brown shoots. Barberries are used in solitary and group plantings, in rock gardens, as a ground cover plant. A variety of varieties gives simply unlimited scope for the gardener's imagination. For the conditions of central Russia, it is also the most suitable culture for creating clipped and free hedges and borders.

Hawthornirreplaceable in ornamental gardening. In spring, it is beautiful during flowering with its corymbose inflorescences, consisting of numerous flowers, in summer when fruits ripen, having a variety of colors - orange, yellow, red, burgundy, black, and in autumn, when its foliage turns yellow, bright red, orange or retains green color. Usually hawthorn is planted separately standing trees or groups. Many species are spectacular in standard form.

Cotoneaster. The main attraction of cotoneasters is a combination of strong branching, original foliage and various growth forms. Small flowers of white or pink color are not very decorative, but a dense crown of dark green shiny leaves, reddening in autumn, is appreciated. These shrubs are easily formed, retain their shape for a long time. In addition, at the end of summer, their decorative effect is enhanced by the abundance of bright red or black fruits hanging on the branches for a long time.

BEAUTIFUL FLOWERING PERENNIUMS

tree peony- a shrub of outstanding beauty, reaching a height of 1.5-2 m, with large bright green leaves. One bush can have from 30 to 70 flowers. The diameter of each is from 20 to 25 cm. The color of the petals is white, pink, crimson, lilac with a dark crimson spot at the base. Large numerous stamens with bright yellow anthers are clearly visible. There are forms with double and semi-double flowers. The plant is decorative even after flowering due to the unusual shape of the leaves and fruits.

Rhododendron - decorative woody plant, a bright and early flowering shrub, which can compete with roses in grace, richness of colors of flowers and splendor of flowering.Rhododendrons look very impressive during flowering. In one lush inflorescence there can be up to1 5-25 flowers. During flowering, the branch of the plant looks like a bouquet. The beauty of the flowers is set off by glossy leathery leaves. Many types of rhododendrons can grow successfully in central Russia.

Chrysanthemum. The culture of decorative garden chrysanthemums has a thousand-year history. In Japan, they are considered the national flower. The chrysanthemum is traditionally depicted on coins and the state emblem of Japan, and one of the country's highest awards is the Order of the Chrysanthemum. The holiday of chrysanthemums in the country of the Sun is a special ritual: when performing it, one must admire every shade of inflorescences, while it is necessary to think deeply about the path traveled and the meaning of life.

GRAINS, BAMBOO AND FERN

Adiantum stopiform- one of the most beautiful ferns that grow well in Central Russia. This is an unusually elegant openwork plant from the deciduous forests of North America and East Asia, up to 60 cm tall with flat, fan-shaped leaves on thin, shiny, black petioles. In beauty it is not inferior to tropical representatives of the genus. Looks good both singly and in group planting. Adiantum is so beautiful that it needs to be planted in plain sight.

Miscanthus - one of the most popular ornamental cereals in horticulture. No species can compete with it in the beauty of plants, the variety of varieties and forms and methods of application in garden design. Almost all miscanthus have a long decorative period - from spring to late winter. In autumn, their foliage turns various shades of yellow, brown, burgundy colors. Unusually beautiful miscanthus inflorescences are used to create dry floral arrangements.

Saza- one of the most cold-resistant bamboos, the only genus of bamboos that grows wild in Russia. Naturally, it is preferable to plant bamboos in gardens created in oriental style, against the backdrop of decorative pools and streams. Tall bamboos can be used as a characteristic feature of Japanese gardens. Rotting, durable and beautiful bamboo sticks are a wonderful ornamental material for decorating a Japanese garden. Mandatory plant for compositions imitating in Russian conditions Japanese gardens.