Fertilizers and top dressing of winter garlic in the fall. Growing garlic: planting, feeding, harvesting, results

Each gardener decides for himself how and when to plant winter garlic autumn. After all, garlic cloves need to take root before the onset of stable frosts, but at the same time not to grow and not to give green shoots.

Once I tried to plant my winter garlic by word of mouth. That is, I asked more experienced neighbors when they planted. Now I have decided on the rules and terms of planting - in the North-Western climate this is from October 5 to 13 (for myself I chose the determining condition for planting - be sure to BEFORE "Pokrov den", Pokrov Holy Mother of God, a holiday that falls on October 14).

“Woke up” and “hungry”: how, when and how to fertilize garlic planted before winter

In our region required time for rooting garlic 35-40 days.

If you are late for the landing, then do not worry. Garlic can be planted later, but if the ground is not frozen! Simply, then you will have to plant the cloves deeper: not two, but three lengths of the cloves. And if the earth is also frozen, then it will have to be shed with boiling water immediately before planting. And in this case, it is necessary to cover the bed with a thick layer of mulch, for example, dry leaves or straw.

Planting winter garlic.

I want to remind you about mulching in winter that in spring, under a layer of organic mulch, air layers can form that will not let heat in and the soil will warm up worse, which means that garlic can freeze out during late spring frosts. There are two solutions to this problem: the first is to add more mulch, and the second is to remove the organic mulch and cover the plantings with black spunbond for a while.

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Varieties of garlic and their features | When to harvest spring garlic and how to keep it until spring

Fertilizer for garlic in the fall

If the summer resident knows that garlic fertilizer is no less important in the fall than during the growing season, then he can count on a good harvest. In addition, the correct crop rotation should be taken into account, because the correct predecessors are very important for this plant.

What fertilizer is needed when planting garlic in the fall?

You need to start preparing a bed for garlic from mid-summer. Already in mid-late July, the land for garlic, which will be planted in the fall, should be free and its pre-fertilization can begin right now. Work must be carried out in accordance with the following algorithm:

1. Release of soil from previous crops.

   Fertilizer for garlic in the fall

   It is best to plant winter garlic in places where cabbage, zucchini, and cucumbers used to grow.

2. Deep digging of the earth with the addition of rotted manure (humus) or compost and wood ash. If you do this immediately before planting garlic, then there is a high probability of excessive deepening of the heads due to the fact that the soil will be loose, not caked.
3. Regular watering and removal of weeds - weeds should not be given the opportunity to spend fertilizer intended for garlic.

Since garlic loves nutrient-rich soil, it will be difficult to get a good harvest in an unfertilized garden. But not only top dressing of garlic in the fall when planting matters. The acidity of the soil is also important. For garlic, it should be neutral. That is why, out of ignorance, an excess of humus or ash can only not enrich the composition of the soil, but also spoil it.

Among other things, it should be borne in mind that if the crops that grew in the garden before garlic were actively fertilized in spring and summer, then less fertilizer can be applied in autumn.

Chemical fertilizer for winter garlic in autumn

In addition to the introduced organic matter, various additives have a good effect on the growth of garlic. So for a moment autumn planting teeth should be added to the soil:

1. Fertilizers containing nitrogen - ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium sulfate, calcium and sodium nitrate. Nitrogen regulates the correct balance between the ground part of the plant and its heads.
2. Phosphorus-potassium fertilizers - superphosphate, potassium salt, potassium magnesia, phosphorus flour, potassium carbonate. These complex preparations increase the yield of garlic, its winter hardiness and reduce the likelihood of diseases.

It should be noted that percentage nitrogen to phosphorus-potassium fertilizers should be 1:2. It is better to underfertilize than to exceed the norm of chemicals. Chemicals before winter, they are applied mainly in dry form, without dilution with water, for gradual entry into the ground.

Fertilizer for garlic in the fall

If the summer resident knows that garlic fertilizer is no less important in the fall than during the growing season, then he can count on a good harvest. In addition, the correct crop rotation should be taken into account, because the correct predecessors are very important for this plant.

What fertilizer is needed when planting garlic in the fall?

You need to start preparing a bed for garlic from mid-summer. Already in mid-late July, the land for garlic, which will be planted in the fall, should be free and its pre-fertilization can begin right now. Work must be carried out in accordance with the following algorithm:

1. Release of soil from previous crops. It is best to plant winter garlic in places where cabbage, zucchini, and cucumbers used to grow.
2. Deep digging of the earth with the addition of rotted manure (humus) or compost and wood ash. If you do this immediately before planting garlic, then there is a high probability of excessive deepening of the heads due to the fact that the soil will be loose, not caked.
3. Regular watering and removal of weeds - weeds should not be given the opportunity to spend fertilizer intended for garlic.

Since garlic loves nutrient-rich soil, it will be difficult to get a good harvest in an unfertilized garden. But not only top dressing of garlic in the fall when planting matters. The acidity of the soil is also important. For garlic, it should be neutral. That is why, out of ignorance, an excess of humus or ash can only not enrich the composition of the soil, but also spoil it.

Among other things, it should be borne in mind that if the crops that grew in the garden before garlic were actively fertilized in spring and summer, then less fertilizer can be applied in autumn.

Chemical fertilizer for winter garlic in autumn

In addition to the introduced organic matter, various additives have a good effect on the growth of garlic. So at the time of the autumn planting of cloves in the soil should be added:

1. Fertilizers containing nitrogen - ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium sulfate, calcium and sodium nitrate. Nitrogen regulates the correct balance between the ground part of the plant and its heads.
2. Phosphorus-potassium fertilizers - superphosphate, potassium salt, potassium magnesia, phosphorus flour, potassium carbonate. These complex preparations increase the yield of garlic, its winter hardiness and reduce the likelihood of diseases.

It should be noted that the percentage of nitrogen to phosphorus-potassium fertilizers should be 1:2. It is better to underfertilize than to exceed the norm of chemicals. Chemical preparations before winter are applied mainly in dry form, without dilution with water, for gradual entry into the ground.

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The best fertilizer for garlic in the fall. Planting garlic in the fall: timing

It is authentically known that garlic was grown even in ancient Egypt, this fact makes this vegetable the patriarch of cultural vegetable growing. Depending on the timing of planting, garlic is divided into spring and winter - the one that is planted in the fall, “before winter”. It is this garlic that is most popular, as it ripens a couple of weeks earlier and has an increased keeping quality; with proper storage, the winter crop can be saved until next winter.

Winter garlic

The whole variety of varieties can be divided into 2 groups: arrows and non-shooters. Of the former, the most popular varieties are Promin, Spas, Duchess, Prometheus, Zubrenok, and others, and of the latter, Gribovsky Jubilee, Dubovsky, Gribovsky 60, Aleisky. If you are in doubt which species this or that variety belongs to, look carefully at the head: the shooter has from 5 to 12 large teeth arranged in one circle, and the non-shooter has 14-30 small teeth arranged in a spiral. It is for non-shooting winter varieties that planting garlic in the fall is good. Fertilizers applied to the soil depend not only on the variety, type of soil, but also on the timing of planting.

Optimal landing time

Most nice results gives planting garlic in the fall. Planting dates may vary slightly depending on weather conditions, but experienced gardeners advise planting garlic between September 30 and October 20. Of course, if the autumn turned out to be warm and sunny, the planting dates can be slightly shifted, but it should be remembered that the garlic should be well strengthened before frost, but not have time to germinate strongly, otherwise the entire crop may die. The optimal t˚C should be at least 13-15˚C. At this temperature, planting garlic in the fall, fertilizing the soil and other work on the site will bring not only pleasure, but also a good harvest.

Before planting, it is necessary to prepare the site, remove weeds and apply the necessary top dressing. It is rather difficult to say which fertilizer for garlic is best suited. It all depends on the quality of the soil in your area.

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Preparing the ground

If in your area sandy soil, you are lucky - this culture loves it very much. Fertilizers for garlic in the fall are applied two weeks before planting, for this it is necessary to dig a bed to a depth of about 20 cm and add humus of about 5-6 kg / m2. Please note that fresh manure cannot be used in this case. If the soil in your area is clayey, then you need to add peat in the amount of 1 bucket / m2.

As a fertilizer for garlic in autumn, potassium salt is also added to the soil - 20 g / m2 and superphosphate - 30 g per m2. And chalk, fluffy lime or dolomite flour are also added to loamy soil. But nitrogen fertilizers it is not worth using, they provoke the growth of the green mass of the plant, and for garlic, the root part is most important.

How to properly place garlic in the garden

It is not necessary to start planting the crop immediately, but about a week after fertilizing. For garlic in the fall, it is very important to follow the planting rules, since watering at this time of the year is very limited and the cloves can take root poorly.

The most common way to plant garlic in beds made with a chopper, but you can do it differently - make a hole for planting each clove. To do this, you need to take a metal tube or peg and push holes of the desired depth.
When you use large teeth for planting, then the holes should be 7 cm deep, and if planting material not too large, then 4-5 cm. Just pour a little wood ash into the hole before planting - this will provide top dressing for your garlic until spring.

Whatever method you choose for planting, remember that you need to place the rows at a distance of at least 25 cm from each other, and the gaps between the teeth should be about 7-10 cm wide. Do not press the teeth themselves too much - you can damage the bottom and they will take root poorly, it is better to simply “put” them at the desired depth and gently sprinkle with earth.

Do I need to cook garlic and how to do it

The day before planting, the heads of garlic should be disassembled into cloves, you should not do this earlier - the cloves can dry out a lot and partially lose their properties. Also, do not peel the skin from the cloves, because some garlic fertilizers are applied directly to the hole in the fall, and the seed may “burn out”.

Select for planting the strongest and largest teeth, from small ones, weighing less than 3 g, good harvest will not work. Please note that if the entire head consists of two or three cloves, then it is not suitable for planting - this is a degenerate material, there will be no harvest.

For better rooting, you can soak the culture in a solution of ordinary salt - 1 tbsp / 2 l of water, and then in a weak solution of potassium permanganate. This will save seedlings from many diseases. For the same purposes, you can use copper sulfate, a 1% solution, or use ready-made preparations. Suitable "Fitosporin", "Barrier", "Immunocytophyte", "Barrier".

Fertilizers for garlic in autumn and spring: when, where and how much

Autumn fertilization almost ends before planting garlic and is limited to the preparation of the soil layer. After planting the beds, it is recommended to mulch with withered grass, sawdust or tops of plants. This will help retain moisture longer and protect the plant from severe frosts.

In early spring, as soon as the first shoots hatch, the garlic should be fed with a solution of urea at the rate of 1 tbsp. l. / 10l of water. For one sq. meter should take about five liters.

A little later, in April, top dressing should be made twice more. For the first time, use a solution of chicken manure and nitroammophoska, the first you need to take 0.5 liters, and the second - 1 tbsp. spoon. Mix all this in 10 liters of water. And at the end of the month, use a slightly different composition: for 10 liters of water you will need 1 tsp. urea, 1 tbsp. l. potassium sulfate and double superphosphate.

One of the main secrets of a good harvest is foliar top dressing of garlic. It differs from the usual one in that fertilizers are not poured under the root, but sprayed from above. This is done most often when the feathers begin to turn yellow. For foliar fertilizer, ammonium nitrate or urea is used, the concentration of the solution should be much less than usual. Foliar top dressing should be carried out only in the evening, in cloudy weather, otherwise you can "burn" the green mass.

Garlic loves crumbly soil and the complete absence of weeds, so the next day after fertilizing or watering, the soil must be loosened. By the way, if the weather was not too rainy, then the beds need to be watered abundantly - this culture loves water. However, do not overdo it - excessive watering is just as harmful as drought.

Harvest

You can collect garlic when a couple lower leaves withered or withered.

Fertilizers for garlic in the fall - striving for a good harvest

The bulbs are pulled out and, together with the leaves, laid out on ridges or hung in bunches in a dry, ventilated room. As the stems dry out, the nutrients from them pass into the bulb. Garlic is considered ready for storage when it begins to rustle in the hands. It is tied into braids or, having cut off dry foliage, put in linen bags for later storage.

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How to fertilize garlic when planting before winter?

Garlic has a weak root system, so it needs a fertile topsoil. Before planting, you need to properly prepare the bed, including maintaining the required level of acidity. What and how to fertilize the earth under winter garlic in the fall - learn from our article.

How to fertilize garlic when planting?

First of all, it is important to choose the right site for sowing garlic. It should be a well-lit garden bed, without close occurrence. ground water. In the spring, during the thaw period, this area should in no case be flooded, otherwise the garlic will rot and will not give a good harvest.

Inexperienced gardeners often ask the question of whether it is possible to fertilize garlic with manure. The answer is strictly negative! In no case should the soil for winter garlic be fertilized with manure this year - otherwise the garlic will give lush tops and loose heads.

Planting winter garlic: features of preparing beds and planting material

In addition, it will be more susceptible to fungal diseases.

In addition to manure, nitrogen is one of the forbidden fertilizers for winter sowing of garlic.

Nitrogen fertilizers lead to accelerated growth of green mass and reduce crop yields. In addition, nitrogen can reduce the winter hardiness of garlic.

How, then, to fertilize garlic when planting before winter? After digging the beds for winter garlic, you need to add garden compost to it at the rate of 15-20 liters per square meter. In addition, garlic needs potassium-phosphorus top dressing. It can be potassium monophosphate in a solution at the rate of 15 g per 10 liters of water, which needs to be poured over 1 square meter. If you prefer organic fertilizers to chemical fertilizers, apply 1-1.5 liters of wood ash.

Organic fertilizers are applied in the fall. This is compost and humus. The first phosphorus-potassium top dressing should be applied when shoots appear, the second - a month later. For these purposes, ammonium nitrate, superphosphate and potassium sulfate are excellent.

Garlic is planted by almost all gardeners, while some prefer winter, which is planted before winter, others - spring or, as it is also called, early, summer. Proponents of growing winter varieties explain that it is they who grow large heads, and the taste and aroma are particularly rich, its teeth are rich in various useful substances.

In addition, if you know what fertilizer to apply in the fall for garlic, follow the rules for planting and caring, the crop will be generous. The shoots will sprout early, will gain strength all summer, and in July you can start harvesting the bulbs. Unlike spring varieties, winter garlic is well stored until the next planting season, while it does not lose any taste or vitamins. It will ripen on the hundredth day after shoots appear, and if the soil is well fertilized, it will be well preserved until the next season.

Autumn planting dates

It should be determined exactly when to plant this crop, depending on the climate of the region. But in any case, you need to guess the time a month and a half before the onset of frost. If you hurry, the first frost will kill the crops, and if you are late, the bulbs will not have time to take root and will develop sluggishly in the spring.

Practice has shown that in middle lane Russian "winter" garlic, like winter bow, it is better to plant from September 20 to October 15, in Siberia - from September 15 to October 5, in the southern regions - in late October - early November.

Preparation for disinfection of beds

The most favorable option is if pumpkin and legume plants, cabbage and green plants. In addition, during the previous 4 years, potatoes, garlic and onions should not be planted in this place.

Beds for winter garlic should be ready no later than one and a half weeks before planting. First of all, the soil is dug up to a depth of 25 cm and carefully loosened to saturate the earth with oxygen. At the same time, the remaining roots of weeds are selected. If you do not do this, in the spring the grass can clog the garlic shoots.

Important! On the same plot, it is recommended to grow garlic, as well as onions, no earlier than after 4 years.

Soil disinfection is a mandatory procedure in the process of land preparation. In doing so, apply special preparations such as Topsin-M and Fitosporin. They not only quickly kill fungal spores, but also keep the soil clean in the next season. There are alternative drugs - Ridomil Gold and Acrobat, which are introduced into the ground in combination with other chemical agents.

You can also cultivate the soil before fertilizing it with self-composed means:

• solution blue vitriol(40 g of vitriol per 10 liters of water);
• Bordeaux mixture (100 g of the drug per 10 liters of water);
• solution boric acid, copper sulfate and potassium permanganate (1 g of each ingredient per 1 liter of water);
• manganese solution (powder is added to 10 liters of water until a bright crimson color is formed).

Among gardeners, such a recipe for a remedy for autumn processing soil: 1 tbsp. a spoonful of copper sulfate is poured into hot water(2 l). In another container with the same amount cold water dissolve 1 tbsp. a spoonful of soda and ammonia. The solutions are poured into a 10-liter bucket and topped up to the top. cold water. It turns out an effective prophylactic, which is watered with a garden bed for garlic: 1 bucket per 2 square meters. m.

The composition of the soil will tell you how to fertilize the garlic when planting before winter. Used for feeding different types fertilizers:

The benefits of mineral fertilizers

Among gardeners there are supporters of exclusively organic farming, who ignore inorganic substances as fertilizers and top dressings. However, when deciding how to fertilize garlic so that it grows large, any of them will understand what plants need, they are sources of nutrients that accelerate the ripening of vegetables:

• nitrogen - the regulator of the correct balance between the ground part of the plant and its heads - is found in calcium, sodium and ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, urea;
• phosphorus-potassium fertilizers (phosphorus flour, potassium salt, potassium carbonate, potassium magnesia and superphosphate) will increase the yield of garlic and protect against diseases.

Mineral fertilizers are certainly useful, but they require a sense of proportion and caution. One of the main rules when it comes to fertilizing plantings: the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus-potassium fertilizers should be 1:2.

Attention! When autumn feeding, you can not use a lot of nitrogen fertilizers. An excess of nitrogen stimulates the active growth of green mass, which is undesirable for plants on the eve of winter.

The best results come from a combination mineral fertilizers with organic. This applies to all soil-climatic regions. Large bulbs with large teeth can be obtained if compost, rotted manure, and bird droppings are used along with mineral supplements.

Important! Wood ash for garlic is not only a source of nutrition, but also a cure for diseases.

You can use the following recipes to make complex fertilizer when planting garlic for the winter:

1. Mix 20 g of potassium salt with 30 g of granular superphosphate and 5 liters of humus. With muddy soil, add another bucket of peat. This amount is enough for one square. ground meter.
2. Mix a bucket of humus, ½ liter of wood ash, 2 tbsp. tablespoons of potassium sulfate and one tbsp. spoon double superphosphate.
3. Add 3 kg of rotted leaves and grass with wood ash, nitrophoska and superphosphate (one tablespoon each).

Attention! Fresh manure, contrary to the opinion of many gardeners, should not be used for autumn feeding of winter garlic, as it can cause the development of various diseases.

The benefits of organic fertilizers

Practically these necessary for the plant there are supplements in every farmstead:

• compost: adding only two buckets of this valuable fertilizer when digging per square meter will increase the yield well;
• humus (rotted manure) - 2-3 kg per square meter is enough; wood and vegetable ash - will replace the action of potassium monophosphate (the norm is 3 liters per square meter of land), deoxidize the soil;
• peat-dung compost composition.

Autumn fertilization of the soil with well-composed mineral-organic mixtures is done once. For the full development of winter garlic, this is enough for the winter.

Important! Timely top dressing of garlic in early autumn will improve the structure of the soil, it will settle and compact. And the fertilizer applied under the garlic will have time to dissolve and go into the form necessary for feeding the root crop.

Siderates as companions of garlic

When a gardener plans to plant a winter crop, it's time to think about green manure. These are good neighbors for winter garlic: they enrich the soil with nutrients, distract pests from the root crop. In addition, green manure trap snow and thereby help the garlic survive safely. low temperatures. Most often used as siderata white mustard. But legumes - peas and beans, as well as cereals - rye, wheat, and oats are also in demand on garlic beds.

Sowing green manure does not exclude the use of mineral-organic fertilizers when planting garlic in the fall. Only tillage with copper sulphate is excluded. They simply water the bed with water so that the earth settles, and sow green manure. Sowing produce tape method, parallel to the future rows of garlic.

Attention! Applying this method to garlic in the fall, nitrogen fertilizers should be used locally, only under green manure, otherwise future plantings can be damaged.

Do not be tempted by the beautiful heads of garlic in the supermarket. Not the fact that they will have good germination. If you don’t have your own planting material, it’s best to go to the market and buy heads of fresh digging from a private trader, always with roots. If the bulb has a smooth bottom, devoid of roots, this is evidence of its special processing. It is useless to feed such an instance, it will be a source of all sorts of problems.

Each garlic clove should be firm with smooth surface without any yellowness. And the whole bulb is of a solid consistency, outwardly healthy, with noticeable root tubercles. Such planting material will be the most reliable.

Of course, ideally, seedlings of this culture should be prepared with your own hands.

Any gardener can afford to get seed bulbs. It is enough to leave 5-7 heads with arrows in the summer. The time has come ─ the film of the inflorescence has burst, the arrow must be cut and dried. Inside the arrow, small bulbous teeth have ripened. From them, next year, “one-toothed” will grow, the best planting material.

Whatever teeth the gardener uses, they must be processed in a weak solution of copper sulphate or potassium permanganate. And you can use an extract from the ashes.

There is another way: 2 weeks before planting, treat the cloves with Fitosporin-M solution.

Important! The heads should be disassembled into cloves and processed just before planting, otherwise they may dry out and not sprout.

Ground landing rules

This final procedure should be carried out at a time when the days are still warm and the nights have become cold. In this mode, the plants adapt easily, their roots will be strong. However, due to frost, the slices will not germinate, but when the real winter comes, root system will be well formed.

Landing technology is very simple. There are several rules:

Thus, in order to get a good harvest, you should know and understand what fertilizer should be applied under garlic in the fall. Winter garlic needs mineral and organic fertilizers.

Attention, only TODAY!

Garlic is one of the popular crops grown in suburban areas. This is not surprising given its health benefits and worldwide popularity as a condiment. Every gardener dreams of a good harvest of garlic, but not always gets it. The most logical way to solve this problem is to fertilize the beds in a timely manner with substances that will help the plants become stronger and larger. But here it is very important to observe the dosage, the number of dressings and the time of their application. In addition, garlic can be winter and spring, and their fertilizer has its own characteristics. This is also a kind of science, and it must be comprehended.

Why fertilize

Given that winter garlic is planted in the fall, at this time it needs to be fed to provide a supply of all the necessary substances for the winter. And in the spring, after the experienced cold season, the plants all the more need vitamin help in order to produce an excellent harvest over the next few months. Thus, the application of fertilizers makes it easier for the crop to survive the cold winter, recharge in early spring in order to then throw all their strength into the formation of the crop. In the summer, when the bulbs begin to form, the plant needs another top dressing more than ever, otherwise you won’t see a good harvest. After all, timely fed garlic receives all the necessary supply. nutrients and becomes more disease resistant.

Proper nutrition for the season

So, garlic is divided into winter and spring. The first is planted in the fall and the harvest is obtained from it earlier than from the spring, planted in the spring, when the snow melts and the soil warms up. Both species need to be fed, but winter, in addition to spring feeding, also requires autumn.

Autumn into winter

The first fertilization in the fall is carried out one to two weeks before planting garlic.. To do this, use a bucket of humus, in which add a tablespoon of double superphosphate, two tablespoons of potassium sulfate and half a liter of wood ash. Garlic is especially fond of the last ingredient and, if applied in a timely manner, is guaranteed to give an improved result.

Nitrogen fertilizers in autumn time do not contribute. Their time is early spring, right after the snow melts. They contribute to the active growth of the leaf rosette and the root system.

Spring after winter

When spring comes, winter garlic begins to sprout and at this time needs another top dressing. Spring garlic is fed later, when it begins to actively grow and form ovaries. Top dressing is usually combined with watering, so as not to pour the garlic.

You need to be careful with watering garlic: this culture does not like dry land, but it also does not tolerate excess moisture.

Spring top dressing of garlic is combined with watering so as not to overmoisten the soil. Watering starts in May

The first spring top dressing of both spring and winter garlic (in this they are similar) is carried out using urea: one tablespoon is diluted in 10 liters of water. 2-3 liters of such a solution are consumed per square meter.

Urea is the main fertilizer for the first spring feeding

The second feeding is carried out two weeks after the first. This rule applies to both spring and winter species. As the main ingredient, a solution of nitrophoska or nitroammophoska is used. Two tablespoons of fertilizer are diluted in 10 liters of water, and 3-4 liters are consumed per square meter.

Nitrophoska or nitroammophoska are used for the second spring top dressing

Summer

The third feeding is carried out in mid-late June. It is at this time that the bulb begins to form, and the plant needs to replenish its supply of nutrients. And again, these terms apply to both spring and winter garlic. However, here it must be taken into account that winter ripens earlier, and therefore not only adhere to the deadlines, but also pay attention to the speed of plant development. It is important not to miss the right moment, otherwise all efforts will be wasted. If the first and second feeding can be carried out not in full accordance with the deadlines, then the third one will not allow this. If you apply fertilizer ahead of time, all the forces of the plant will go to the development of arrows and greenery. A slight delay is also disadvantageous: fertilizer is useless for a plant with withering leaves.

For the formation of heads of garlic, potassium-phosphorus fertilizers are required. Therefore, for the third top dressing, a solution of superphosphate is used - two tablespoons per 10 liters of water. 4-5 liters of solution are consumed per square meter.

Superphosphate is used in the third spring subcortex of garlic

Which soil to apply what fertilizer

Gardeners often ask if soil composition affects fertilizer application. Of course, there is a relationship here, and it needs to be considered.

Note that garlic gives good yields on soil with neutral acidity. If the soil is acidic, then before growing garlic, it must be alkalized. For this, fluff-lime is used, which is applied at 2–3 kg per square meter under the culture preceding garlic. If such a measure was not taken in time, it will work great. wood ash, the amount of which is calculated depending on the initial indicator of soil acidity (from 0.7 to 3 kg per sq. M).

manure in it various forms applied only under the culture preceding garlic. Only in this case it turns out to be very useful!

Garlic is very demanding on soil fertility, and therefore the application of such fertilizers with fresh mullein or horse / sheep / pig manure is mandatory. Only they are brought under the previous crop at the rate of 7–10 kg per square meter. m. If you make such top dressing directly under the garlic, it will delay the growing season, which will adversely affect the yield.

• heavy clay soils involve the introduction of a bucket of coarse sand and peat per square meter of beds.
• Light sandstones and loamy sandstones require the addition of a bucket of peat and powdered clay.
• Peaty marshy soils need to add a bucket of sand and loam in the same volume.

Winter garlic in the fall should be fertilized with manure in the amount of 5-6 kg per square meter. You can also use peat-manure compost composition (8-10 kg per sq. M). Not bad in this matter and garden compost, introduced in the amount of 11 kg per square meter. m. All of these fertilizers contribute to the growth of large bulbs with large teeth.

Features of foliar top dressing

Gardeners with experience use such a technique as foliar top dressing. In this case, the fertilizer is sprayed on the leaves and stem of the plant. Thanks to this method, the plant absorbs nutrients faster. foliar top dressing used when garlic urgently needs nutrient delivery. The concentration of fertilizers is always less than for root top dressing. Spraying is done in the evening or on cloudy days. It is used only as an addition, as a replacement for traditional top dressing, it cannot be considered. It is carried out twice during the period of active growth of garlic.

Video: How to feed garlic

Feeding garlic only at first glance is an optional action. In fact, to get a good harvest, you can’t do without it. It is important not only to observe the proportions of fertilizers applied, but also to take into account the composition of the soil, as well as to apply some types of fertilizers in advance for previous crops. Follow the timing of feeding, and then you can count on the desired result.

Planting garlic requires some knowledge. For example, a bed for a given crop must be chosen very carefully - an option located in a sunny place with deep groundwater is ideal. In no case should the bed be flooded in the spring, otherwise the entire crop will rot.

As for dressings, then there are some subtleties. For example, many gardeners believe that the best fertilizer for winter garlic is fresh manure. However, it is not. Before planting garlic, it is unacceptable to introduce such top dressing into the soil, otherwise it will lead to the growth of the aerial part of the plants, but the vegetables themselves will be small and loose. Yes, and this top dressing will not affect the immune system of the culture in the best way - the seedlings are likely to undergo fungal diseases. It is impossible to add nitrogen before planting garlic, as given element reduce the winter hardiness of the plant.

If you are wondering what then to feed the garlic, then I advise you to pay attention to the compost. Making two buckets this fertilizer per square meter when digging the beds in the future will give an excellent harvest. It is worth noting that compost can also be replaced with humus. A couple of weeks after planting, it is advisable to feed the garlic phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, for example, potassium monophosphate, diluting 15 grams of dry matter in 10 liters of water. Gardeners who recognize only organic top dressing, you can replace the above preparation with ordinary ash (2-3 liters per square meter of beds).

Experienced summer residents over the years, they develop their entire experimental systems for planting winter garlic and grow excellent yields. But still there are basics or rules that should not be neglected.

planting material

Winter garlic is grown from cloves, bulbs formed on the arrows, and single-tooth bulbs obtained.
Garlic for planting should be used local, grown in the native region. Imported imported varieties can give unpredictable results.

Process or not garlic before planting

If there are doubts about diseases, then planting garlic is treated in solutions of copper sulphate, potassium permanganate or modern preparations, such as Maxim, Vitaros. In any case, one of them is used for processing.

For planting, choose the best bulbs in size and quality, divide them into teeth shortly before planting. Internal teeth are not used for planting.

Landing dates

Winter garlic in the middle lane is planted from late September to mid-October. Rooting in the ground takes an average of about 1.5 months. But the landing time is directly affected weather. early boarding will give germination of green feathers, late - freezing or stunting in spring, crop shortage.

Where not to plant garlic

Garlic is unpretentious, but does not like acidic and damp soils, as well as shaded places. The best harvests can be collected on cultivated fertile lands.

Like any garden culture, garlic requires crop rotation. This means that it cannot be grown where garlic itself, onions, potatoes grew. It is useful to plant garlic in the beds where there were legumes, pumpkin, tomato plantings, and planting after cabbage is acceptable.

How and to what depth are planted

It is accepted that garlic is planted from cloves in rows, although it is possible in a semicircle or another figure, this is not so important.
It is important to maintain a distance of at least 20 cm. In a row, leaving 5 ... 8 cm between them. But if possible, you can plant less often.

Bulbs are planted thicker than teeth or single teeth. Between rows leave at least 15 cm, in a row - from 2 cm. Planting depth is important point. Finely planted garlic can freeze, deep-planted garlic can rise unevenly, get wet, and dry out. Here it is necessary to approach individually, taking into account local conditions: the composition of the soil, the size of the teeth, weather and climatic conditions.
The planting depth varies from 5...8 cm to 15 cm. It is believed that the teeth are planted at least two heights (from the bottom to the crown) plus 3...5 cm of mulch.

When planting, do not press the bottom of the teeth into the soil. Plantings are mulched with humus, peat, old sawdust after the onset of stable cold weather.

You can experiment with planting with a small amount of garlic, planting cloves to a certain depth and putting markers with an inscription. During the growing season, follow the germination and development, and after digging the crop, draw conclusions. It will be the most exact result landing at the correct depth, taking into account local conditions.

Tip 3: How to fertilize the ground before planting garlic in the fall

Garlic is an annual crop, and quite demanding, as it grows (heads form) only in well-lit and nutrient-poor beds. There are spring and winter varieties of garlic, the latter are suitable for planting in the fall. In order for the crop cloves to survive the frosts, it is important to fertilize the soil with fertilizers before sowing them.

You will need

• - manure;
• - compost;
• - lowland peat.

Instruction

Before planting garlic in the fall, it is imperative to add organic fertilizer to the soil, since organic matter has a more favorable effect on the crop, and plants tolerate winter much better and have excellent germination in spring. Compost is the preferred fertilizer for garlic. The optimal amount of fertilizer application is 3-4 kg per square meter of the bed.

Lowland peat is also an excellent fertilizer for garlic, it is enough to apply this fertilizer to the soil 2-3 kg per square meter. garden meter. The only thing to consider: you can use nominal lowland peat, since high-moor peat has a very high acidity.

If peat is hard enough to find in your area and you have to buy it, remember that lowland peat is black when buying.

Some gardeners believe that manure should not be added to the garden before planting garlic, but this is not the case. Garlic grows well in beds flavored with manure, the only thing to remember is that only mature cattle manure is suitable for top dressing. A couple of kilograms of fertilizer per sq. metro beds - the optimal amount for growing garlic.

It is allowed to use fresh manure, but only on very depleted soils. In this case, its amount must be halved, that is, 1 kg per sq. garden meter.

In general, peat, manure and compost are the best fertilizers for a crop, so if you have a choice of what to add to the bed before sowing, give preference to one of the three options. For your information, mixing the above fertilizers does not lead to an increase in yield, so you should not waste time on such work.

" Garlic

Often, for the cultivation of garlic, a technology is used that provides for planting before winter. But the harvest does not always live up to expectations, which is due to non-compliance with the bait schedule. Although the culture is considered unpretentious, it requires some attention, especially in matters of fertilization at the beginning of the season, in anticipation of a period of increased growth. You need to know how to feed a vegetable in the spring, planted before winter.

In addition to chemistry, you can fertilize winter garlic with folk remedies - yeast, chicken droppings, and so on. Spring and winter garlic need different top dressings in open ground. Also, seedlings in May and April must be properly cared for.

Garlic after waking up needs to good stimulant , which makes it possible for young shoots to get stronger and resist diseases and pests. The vegetative period on nutritious soil enriched with microelements useful for the plant proceeds faster, which ensures a good harvest.

A well-groomed culture develops better, because when it matures, it selects from the soil all the nutrients that are necessary for normal vegetation.

On a devastated site, it will not be possible to collect high-quality root crops if you do not water with dressings and fertilize properly. This means that at best it will be possible to dig out small heads with fine teeth from the ground. In addition to underdeveloped sizes, the fruits have a low quality of taste.

Spring bait is characterized by the activation of plant growth, so it is appropriate to use nitrogen fertilizers. Phosphorus and potassium supplements are also necessary for the vegetative process. The introduction of organic or mineral substances strengthens the immunity of garlic to various diseases, in particular fungal ones.

Diseases and pests affect, first of all, weak shoots, so you should not ignore the schedule for processing the beds.

Despite the usefulness of fertilizers, don't abuse them. An excess of nutrients provokes the growth of tops, and the heads are obtained small size with poor taste.

What can you feed in the spring

In addition to the planned introduction of fertilizers, when growing garlic, top dressing is used. About the need for it prompts self plants.

Young shoots may turn yellow or become sluggish. It is necessary to carefully study the symptoms, because the signs of a lack of trace elements are sometimes similar to a nematode and other diseases.

AT spring period gardeners feed garlic thrice. The first procedure is carried out immediately after the snow melts. At this time, the plant is deficient in minerals necessary for vegetation. The second complementary foods should be introduced no earlier than 2 weeks.

The exact timing and composition of the nutrient mixture are determined depending on the degree of plant formation and characteristic features.

• Beds with drying plants are fertilized ammonium nitrate.
• When lightening feathers are used potash bait. Before watering, you can sprinkle the soil with wood ash.
• Greens may turn yellow due to acidification of the soil. In such cases, before planting, the soil is enriched dolomite flour or crushed limestone.
• Slow green growth indicates nutritional deficiencies. As a top dressing, solutions are used: based on urea (1 tablespoon per bucket of water), mullein (1 cup per 10 liters of water) or bird droppings(1 tablespoon per bucket of water).

Wood ash for garlic is both a prophylactic against diseases and a source of nutrition.

When to Fertilize for a Good Harvest

An important point in the cultivation of winter varieties of garlic is soil fertilization before planting. From quality preparatory work depend spring work on the beds.

• As soon as the snow melts, you can plan the first bait. This period begins in each region at different times, so you need to focus on the established positive daily temperature.
• The second stage of soil enrichment with useful substances is carried out two weeks after the first feeding. During ripening, the root crop pulls all the nutrients from the soil, so it is not worth shifting the fertilizer schedule.
• The third bait (mid-end of June) falls during the formation of the head, which is important for a good harvest.
• Additional bait is introduced only if there are signs of micronutrient deficiency on the plant.

The third bait must be applied strictly during the formation of the head. If the procedure is performed before mid-June, then all trace elements will be spent on the development of feathers and arrows.

What to feed outdoors

Before planting garlic(for a week or two) in autumn, the soil is pre-enriched with a nutrient mixture, which consists of organic matter or mineral fertilizers.

Organic fertilizers and folk remedies

The plant responds most favorably to organic fertilizing, due to the large amount of humus in the soil and rich composition. Often, on undepleted soils, one, but complete, fertilizer in the fall is enough to provide the crop during the growing season with all the necessary trace elements.

One of the popular supplements is manure. It is scattered over the beds and carefully dug up. Some gardeners increase fertility with fresh manure, but experts advise against using this method. Also warn against using bird droppings in large quantities, this can simply burn the shoots.

With the onset of spring, it is necessary to direct efforts to stimulate crop growth. For this purpose, a solution is prepared from 7 parts of water and 1 part of mullein. The resulting composition is watered with beds, trying not to affect the broken greens.

It will be appropriate to apply to enrich the soil compost. In principle, any will do, but garlic responds well to fertilizer from food waste.

Among other complementary foods, time-tested:

• wood ash (sprinkled between the beds or watered with a solution based on water 10 l and ash 200 gr.);
• salt (watered with a solution prepared from 10 liters of water and 3 tablespoons of salt);
• ammonia (spray the plants with a composition based on 25 ml of ammonia and a bucket of water).

mineral

Mineral based supplements are used alone and in combination with organic.

As practice shows, many areas are significantly depleted from annual exploitation.

It is not always possible to replenish the balance of nutritional components with organic matter alone. Moreover, there is another factor that affects the yield - the climatic features of the region.

Consumption rates depends on soil fertility, therefore, in each individual case, it is necessary to calculate individually.

The most popular super popular are such mineral supplements:

• carbamide (1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water);
• nitroammophoska (60 gr. per 10 liters of water);
• superphosphate (50-60 gr per bucket of water);
• urea (1 tablespoon per bucket of water);
• nitrophoska (2 tablespoons per bucket of water).

Some components appropriate to connect to get more effective remedy . For example, nitrogen introduced into the soil along with phosphorus (proportions 1: 1.5) contributes to the development of greenery and the accumulation of nutrients in the head.

After watering or rain, it is appropriate to sprinkle the beds with a dry mixture, which includes: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (proportions 8:15:35).

When determining the amount and composition of fertilizers, important factors should be considered:

• the degree of soil fertility, its acidification;
• climate (precipitation, probability of spring frosts);
• area illumination;
• what crops were grown before garlic (the advantage should be given to such predecessors as zucchini, cereals, squash);
• features of the crop variety (maturing period, preferred conditions for the growing season).

Scheme of feeding garlic

Garlic planted before winter gives the first shoots in spring. In order for the vegetative process to proceed without disturbances in the summer, it is recommended to process and introduce top dressing. 3 times. The schedule is drawn up taking into account the following rules.

1. Excessive moisture for an early culture is considered dangerous, so you need to introduce the first complementary foods. combined with irrigation. To activate the growth and development of shoots, urea or carbamide is ideal. In order to prepare a solution, it is enough to dilute a tablespoon of fertilizer in 10 liters of water.
2. The second time to feed the plants 2 weeks after the first treatment. Water (9 l) and 2 incomplete spoons of nitrophoska or nitroammophoska are used as a working solution. The norm of fertilizer beds is 4 liters per 1 m2.
3. The third top dressing is aimed at stimulating the growth of heads, therefore, it is introduced during the formation of root crops - mid-late June. Superphosphate is used as food (2 tablespoons of the product are taken for 10 liters of water). The consumption rate is 4-5 liters per 1 m2.

As an additional nutrition, you can use the method of spraying young shoots with special compounds.

This method refers to foliar feeding, therefore, during the preparation of a product from mineral components, it should be taken into account that the consumption rate should be halved. Spraying is often combined with the usual watering of beds.

It is worth remembering that the rate of fluid per bush should not change due to the use of a special solution.

What fertilizers should not be used to process

Enriching the soil for better plant maturation does not mean using everything. Each crop responds better to a particular type of fertilizer.

So garlic perceives organic matter well, but it will be extremely difficult to cope with fresh manure. Therefore, rotted mass is used for fertilizers.

Experienced gardeners recommend combine organic food with minerals. Otherwise, from an overabundance of natural humus, the planting material will rot in the ground, or the crop will not differ long term storage.

When choosing mineral bait, you should pay attention to the period of their use. Nitrogen-containing are relevant only during the development of the feather part. When forming the head, such nutrition will be inappropriate.

Compliance with the bait regime and consumption rate guarantees the production of large root crops. And the grown crop throughout the cold season will complement different dishes with its aroma and taste, and fight pathogenic bacteria.