How to grow sweet carrots. Why carrots are not sweet and not juicy How to make carrots juicy

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Carrots are a popular and favorite vegetable crop for everyone. suburban area. Rich in trace elements, carotene, vitamins, substances that increase immunity and help cure many ailments. Carrots are one of the main crops in baby foods. And it is very sad when the labors spent on growing it end up with crooked ugly squiggles of dubious taste, because in the case of carrots, the external corresponds to the internal content. How to grow carrots even, large, tasty, with high content beneficial substances?

Carrots are a frost-resistant crop that can be sown before winter and at several times from early spring. In the southern regions, it is sown in warm winter (February) windows and gets early harvest delicious vegetable. Carrots are not afraid of frost.

To grow a decent crop, you need to pay attention to:

on the biological features carrots,
to comply with the requirements of growing technology,
on the structure and fertility of the soil, its preparation for sowing,
soil acidity,
features of moisture supply.

The main causes of small-fruited carrots

Carrots do not tolerate swampy lowland areas, closely spaced fruit and forest tree crops. It will not be smooth and graceful, and even more so when grown in the shade, under the canopy of the garden.
Culture needs deep loose nutrient soil, air and water permeable. The presence of small gravel, pebbles, rhizomes and other inclusions in the soil causes distortion and crushing of the carrot root.
The root crop needs bright lighting. Beds with carrots are arranged so that each plant receives sufficient lighting. Tall crops (tomatoes, eggplants) should not shade the tops of carrots. Carrots are best located south of tall neighbors.
Carrots will not bear fruit in acidic soils. Therefore, a year before sowing a crop on a selected bed, the soil is deoxidized by introducing humus, chalk, lime, dolomite flour. The soil under carrots should be neutral with zero acidity within pH = 6-7.
Ugly, branchy, bursting carrot roots and small root crops are obtained with poor-quality soil preparation, spring pre-sowing deoxidation of the soil, the use of fertilizers containing chlorine, with an excess of nitrogen fertilizers, thickened crops.
The value of carrots is determined by the amount of nutrients that are formed in the root crop as a result of metabolic processes with the timely receipt of moisture and nutrients. Therefore, the lack of moisture and nutrition at the beginning and their excess at the end of the growing season of carrots will change not only the external forms and characteristics, but also significantly reduce the taste.

How to get large carrots?

Selection of a plot for sowing carrots and predecessors

The site should be leveled, without a slope, evenly lit. Good predecessors and neighbors are zucchini and other pumpkin, legumes, turnip onions, garlic, potatoes, tomatoes, eggplants. Celery, parsley, dill, other umbrellas are unwanted neighbors and predecessors. In the cultural turnover, carrots return to their original place in the 4th - 5th year.

Soil preparation for sowing carrots

The soil for sowing carrots has been prepared since autumn. After harvesting the previous crop, the tops are taken out of the site, provoked by irrigation to receive an autumn wave of weed shoots. If the site is unfavorable, they clean it of stones, rhizomes, dig a shovel onto a bayonet. Scatter the mixture or complex fertilizers containing no chloride forms. Fertilizers are embedded in the soil while crushing coarse clods of earth and leveling the surface of the site with a rake.

Important! Deoxidizers must not be added at the same time ( dolomite flour or lime) and fertilizers. These two methods of preparation are spaced apart in time. You can apply deoxidizers in the fall (if necessary), and fertilizers in the spring, 2-3 weeks before sowing.

In the spring, a bed for carrots is once again deeply dug up, especially if the soils are heavy clay and loamy in composition. To fluff them, you can add perlite or vermiculite, sand to the root layer.

Fertilizing carrots

From mineral fertilizers during the main soil preparation, nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers are applied at the rate of 50-60 and 40-50 g/sq. m. on soils of medium fertility. You can make nitrophos, ammophos at a dose of 60-80 g / sq. m. or a fertilizer vegetable mixture in the same dose. Fertilizers can be applied for digging or during the final preparation of the site (for looting). On highly fertile soils, 1/2-1/3 of the above-mentioned doses of fertilizers are applied under carrots, sometimes they only manage to add ash - a glass per square meter. m. and subsequent top dressing during the growing season. On infertile soils, the main dose of fertilizers is not increased, but enhanced feeding is used in the first half of the carrot growing season.

Sowing dates for carrots

Carrots are frost-resistant crops. Seedlings can withstand temperatures as low as -2°C. Developed plants do not die during short-term frost down to -4°C. Using these properties, some gardeners sow the crop as soon as the soil warms up to + 3 ... + 4 ° С. But for such early crops, as well as for winter ones, you need to choose early ripe varieties carrots. Yes, and shoots are obtained on the 20th - 30th day.

The best for sowing carrots is still considered to be warming up 10-15 cm of the soil layer to + 8 ... + 10 ° С. Shoots at the same time appear on the 12th - 15th day. If a initial period development of carrots will take place at low temperatures, the plants will flower in the first year, and the root crop will be rough and tasteless. Optimum temperatures fluctuate within +17…+24°С. With an increase of more than + 25 ° C, the metabolic processes in the root slow down, the carrot root becomes fibrous. It is necessary to reduce the temperature of the soil by watering and mulching, and the air - by fine spraying (foggy irrigation).

How to improve the taste of the root crop?

With a properly prepared site, the taste qualities of carrot roots depend on the availability of basic nutrients during the growing season. nutrients(and their proper ratio), microelements, moisture, standing density and varieties.

Top dressing carrots

Carrots do not tolerate overfeeding and react to it with a decrease in the quality of root crops, especially with an excess of nitrogen fats. The flesh of the root crop becomes tasteless. But carrots need a good supply of potassium, which contributes to the accumulation of sugars in root crops, increases the shelf life and overall yield. Of potash fertilizers, it is better to use kalimag. It is chlorine free.

During the warm period, carrots are fed 2-3 times, sometimes on depleted soils - 4 times.

First dressing of carrots

3 weeks after the shoots of carrots - a solution of kalimag and urea (15 g / 10 l of water). 20 g of superphosphate can be added to the solution. With sufficient filling of the soil with fertilizers in the autumn-spring preparation, the first top dressing can be carried out later, in the phase of 5-6 leaves.

The second dressing of carrots

After 2-3 weeks, the second top dressing is performed by adding Kemira-universal (50-60 g / sq. M), nitrophoska, Rost-2, solute in the same dose.

The third dressing of carrots

The next top dressing is carried out after 2-3 weeks (in the phase of root growth) with ash (on moist soil) at the rate of 20 g / sq. m or a mixture of trace elements. The growth phase of the root crop falls on the end of June - July. In order for the fruits to be sweet with tender pulp between 2 and 3 top dressing, a foliar solution is effective. boric acid(2 g/10 l of water). Potassium is very important in the composition of the elements, which contributes to the delivery of nutrients to root crops. Therefore, 3 top dressing can be carried out with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers at the rate of 30 and 40 g / sq., respectively. m.

Fourth dressing of carrots

On depleted soils, if required, the 4th top dressing is also carried out, which falls on the phase of root ripening. It is most often carried out in order to enlarge the fruit. Usually it is carried out in early - mid-September (depending on the ripening period of the variety). This top dressing can be carried out with the same fats and doses as the third, or in another combination, but excluding nitrogen fertilizers.

Watering carrots

Small, bitter, woody fruits of carrots are obtained with a lack of moisture, especially during the period from sowing to germination, and in the phase of intensive growth of root crops. Before germination, the topsoil is kept constantly moist. Watering during this period is best done in the evening, mulching the aisles with fine mulch no higher than 2-3 cm. With fluctuations in the humidity regime and excessively abundant watering, carrots can form a large root crop, but it will be tasteless and replete with cracks.

After germination, the culture is watered weekly until the root crops grow, and then they switch to watering 2-3 times a month, but increase the watering rate. After each watering, mulching carrots is a must. It prevents the formation of a crust and reduces the temperature of the topsoil. Stop watering 2 weeks before harvest.

Rules for thinning carrots

Aligned carrot roots grow with the correct 2-3-fold thinning. The first thinning is carried out after the appearance of the 3rd sheet. Before thinning, the aisles are loosened and watered. Sprouts are removed by plucking or tweezers, but do not pull out so as not to disturb root system the remaining plants. Waste is removed away from the garden, so as not to attract a carrot fly. To scare it away after thinning in the aisles, you can scatter onion arrows or cover the plants. After 2.5-3.0 weeks, the crops are thinned out again, increasing the distance between plants from 2 to 6 cm. The 3rd thinning is actually a sample of the first crop. Carrots are demanding on the air regime of the soil. Once every 7-10 days, the aisles of the carrots are loosened, turning the mulch.

Carrot varieties

To grow sweet carrots, you need to select a zoned variety with a certain root quality. Breeders offer a wide range of seeds of early, medium and late maturation with a high content of sugars, characterized by a dessert taste, long term storage and other qualities.

For growing in the country, we can recommend universal varieties: Shantane, Nantes-4, Karotelka. sustainable unpretentious varieties. Nantes-4 can be used for winter crops. For all regions of Russia, the Moscow Winter A-545 variety is suitable. The early ripe variety Polar cranberry forms a crop in 2 months and is recommended for cultivation in northern latitudes due to its qualities.

In families with small children, varieties are indispensable: Vitamin-6, Viking and Sugar gourmet, Children's sweetness, which are distinguished by a high content of carotene and sugar. Sugar gourmet is one of the sweetest varieties of carrots. Children's sweets are perfectly stored until the next harvest. If necessary, in the annual catalog of varieties and hybrids, you can choose a root crop with the desired quality.

One of important indicators when assessing the quality of carrots is the sweetness of the fruit. The sweeter the carrot, the tastier and juicier it is. To make it sweet, vegetables are fed with special fertilizers. What exactly to feed carrots in August for growth will be prompted by the advice of experienced gardeners.

Several factors affect the quality of carrots:

land in which vegetables were planted;
watering, weeding;
top dressing.

If all the conditions for growing were carried out correctly and regularly, then the fruits will grow sugary and beautiful. Carrots that have been cared for have a regular elongated shape and a bright orange color.

Agricultural practices

Initially, the soil for planting should be neutral. If there is even a slight excess of acid in the ground, and the pH is less than 7, then the amount of sugars in the composition of the root crop decreases sharply. The acidity of the soil can be reduced by adding lime. You need to make no more than 400-500 grams of powder per 1 square meter soil. Lime must be leveled in the ground, it should lie in it in an even layer.

Important! Indicator paper is used to assess soil pH. It can be found in home and garden products.

In addition to lime, ash is added to the ground. It neutralizes an excess of acid, and the pH of the earth levels off to 7. Ash is added at the rate of 2-3 cups per 1 square meter of land.

In order for carrots to grow sweet, they are planted in a sunny place and in the land where peas, lentils, potatoes were grown, winter garlic, cucumbers. The soil from under these crops has a rich mineral and organic composition, so the vegetable will be saturated with nutrients, and its taste will acquire a noticeable sweetness.

For rapid growth, beds with carrots are regularly weeded and watered. It is necessary to water the earth at least 1 time in 4-5 days; in hot weather, watering is increased up to 1 time in 2 days or even more often. From the beginning of cultivation, 3-4 times a week, extraneous grass, weeds are pulled out from the soil - they interfere with the growth of fruits and take vitamins from the ground.

top dressing

From mid-July to mid-August, carrots are fed with fertilizer - nitroammophos with the addition of potassium permanganate. This composition increases the sugar content of vegetables by more than 50%. You need to prepare the supplement as follows:

2 tbsp nitroammophoski;
6-7 crystals of potassium permanganate;
10 liters of water.

The beds are watered with a freshly prepared solution once a week for 2-3 weeks. Wood ash can be used instead of potassium permanganate. For 10 liters, it is recommended to take 1 glass of ash.

Boric acid can increase the sweetness of fruits if you make fertilizer from it:

1 tsp boric acid;
10 liters of pure water.

Water the land with the resulting mixture in August for 2-3 weeks with an interval of 1 time in 5-7 days.

Important! Irrigation with boric acid is only suitable for land where there is no high acidity.

The most common mistakes

Some gardeners think that any fertilizer can enhance the taste of fruits, and they begin to use organic matter when growing carrots - chicken, mullein, horse dung. This is absolutely impossible to do.

All of these fertilizers contain a high concentration of nitrogen. With its excess in the soil, carrots have an unpleasant bitter aftertaste. In addition, the fruits begin to twist, their shape takes on ugly curves, and the color becomes dirty red.

Ammonium nitrate has a similar effect, it contains a high amount of nitrogen compounds.

Neglect of insect treatment is the reason for the slow growth of carrots and their tastelessness.

The main enemy of the vegetable is the carrot fly. When it attacks the culture, bitterness appears in the taste of the fruit, the amount of sugar drops. Tobacco mixture is considered a good medicine for pests. It is sprinkled with aisle (thin layer) or watered beds, bred.

Many gardeners grow beets and carrots on their plot. One of the indicators of the quality of the harvest of these root crops is the sugar content - the higher, the more valuable these vegetables are considered. To grow sweet carrots, there are a number of garden tricks, which are quite easy to follow. Today we will tell you how to feed carrots so that they are sweet.

Conditions for a good harvest of carrots

Carrots are a frost-resistant crop that can be sown before winter and at several times from early spring. In the southern regions, it is sown in warm winter (February) windows and an early harvest of a delicious vegetable is obtained. Carrots are not afraid of frost.

To grow a decent crop, you need to pay attention to:

biological characteristics of carrots,
compliance with the requirements of growing technology,
structure and fertility of the soil, its preparation for sowing,
soil acidity,
features of moisture supply.

How to feed carrots before planting

Carrots do not accept fresh manure or manure and soil deoxidation. Therefore, it is necessary to fertilize the land before planting, preferably in the fall, so that the organic matter (most often it is mullein or chicken droppings) is rotten. Make 6-8 kg of manure, humus or litter per 1 square meter. If before that vegetables grew on this bed, which were fertilized abundantly, then there is no need to fertilize the soil anymore.

If necessary, the soil can be slightly deoxidized using the following recipe: add ash, chalk or dolomite flour.

In the spring, you can also feed the seeds before planting instead of fertilizing the soil. Take 1 tablespoon wood ash and mix with a liter of water, soak the seeds in this solution for a day, and then dry.

organic fertilizer for carrots

Carrots are an incredibly sensitive vegetable crop to organic nutrition. Experts strongly recommend not to make fresh bird droppings or manure. This is fraught with oversaturation of the soil with nutrients. As a result, fertilizer for the growth of carrots can provoke its death.

The root crop may become crooked in shape, the taste also does not change in better side. Organics are added exclusively in non-concentrated form.

Chicken litter. First of all, a special infusion should be prepared: 1 part of organic matter is added to 10 parts of water. The final consistency is diluted in another 10 parts of water. The composition can be added between the rows.

Manure is diluted in water, keeping the ratio 1:10. They watered the space between the rows.

Allowed use foliar feeding based organic compounds with nitrogen. The consistency is used for spraying the tops. Fertilizers for carrots in this case will go through the plant to the root. This will produce very sweet and nutritious carrots.

Top dressing for carrots is an integral part of active growth for vegetable crop. Given the unpretentiousness of the plant to useful elements, additional feeding will not only increase the yield, but also strengthen it. To get really high-quality root crops, follow the advice and recommendations of professionals. Correct formation fruit is achieved through the introduction of deficient chemical compounds.

Mineral and complex fertilizers for carrots

Fertilizers of mineral nature are considered the main ones used for feeding carrots, since this crop does not like organic matter during the growing season, but it grows well and quickly in the area that it fertilized last year under the previous crop.

For carrots, you can use simple, mixed or complex mixtures. Each of them can provide vegetative plants with some one nutrient element or several at the same time. From simple mineral fertilizers for carrots, you can use those commonly used for other vegetables. ammonium nitrate, urea (they contain nitrogen), simple or double superphosphate(will provide plants with phosphorus), potassium nitrate, potassium salt, potassium chloride (they will provide the culture with potassium).

How to feed carrots so that they are sweet

You need to know what fertilizer for carrots when planting will add sweetness. According to many gardeners, this is ash. It contains potassium, and it affects the taste. Ash can be brought in for digging, or you can dust it with plantings after each watering. It kills two birds with one stone.

The first is to supply the plant with potassium, the second is to protect against carrot flies. The benefits of ash do not end there. Practice shows that by introducing this fertilizer for carrots when planting in a hole, they improve the keeping quality of root crops.

Not only fertilizers make a vegetable sweet. Turns out, proper watering able to add sweetness to it. The frequency of watering is individual, depending on the structure of the soil. For example, if you have light soil (sandy loam) in your garden, then you water every week and very plentifully. Another option: the soil is fertile, oily. In this case, water every week, but little by little.

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After the first thinning, do not water the bed for 3 weeks, it will grow down in search of moisture.

It is necessary to feed carrots. This is necessary for full growth, nutrition, increased vitality and immunity. Properly selected and timely application of fertilizer depends on appearance, taste and shelf life of carrots.

How to feed carrots with boric acid

Useful root root and foliar top dressing boric acid. Its timing is active growth underground part (second half of summer). The solution is prepared at the rate of a teaspoon of boric acid in a bucket of water.

How to feed carrots with ashes

Top dressing of the culture with ash is best done during the intensive growth of root crops, that is, during the third top dressing. Ash is potash fertilizer, which is better absorbed by plants than others. And it also perfectly protects the culture from pests and diseases. In July-August, every 10 days before watering, you can simply powder the carrot beds with ash.

For irrigation with infusion - 1 cup of ash is thoroughly mixed in 10 liters of water and, without letting it settle, the beds are watered.

There is no definite answer to the question of which fertilizer: mineral or organic is better suited for carrots. Each of them performs its function. Organics in the form of compost or humus are usually applied in the fall when preparing the beds. Mineral fertilizers along with organic top dressing, contribute root or foliar method. For a vegetable grower, the main goal is to get a rich and environmentally friendly harvest. orange root vegetables. If fertilizers are applied according to the norm, in a timely manner, then the tandem of mineral fertilizers and organics will help to achieve the desired result.

If you want to see a vitamin vegetable on the table all year round, then follow the recommendations of vegetable growers for caring for carrot beds. Do not neglect the procedures for thinning and dressing carrots. After all, the taste properties, presentation and keeping quality of the future crop depend on the correctly carried out fertilizer procedure.

One of the most popular root crops in modern gardens. Smooth beds with openwork green leaves adorn the plots of even beginner gardeners. But only those who adhere to the rules manage to get a crop of beautiful, even root crops.

Choosing a place for the garden

Carrot should be placed in well-lit areas. Growing in the shade will lead to a significant reduction in yield and deterioration in taste. Therefore, it is worth highlighting a territory for carrots that is under direct lines throughout the day. sunbeams.

In addition, it is necessary to take into account crop rotation - the order of growing crops in a particular area.

You can not plant carrots annually on the same bed or after such plants:

The ideal "predecessors" of this root crop will be:

Sowing dates for carrots

Experienced gardeners know how important correct term sowing. The yield of root crops directly depends on this. After all, the ripening time different varieties varies considerably. In addition, it is necessary to focus on the desired harvest time.

To get early carrots, the so-called "beam products", winter or spring crops of early ripening varieties are practiced. True, the first option is not possible in all climatic zones. In severe winters, seeds freeze even under a thick layer of covering material. Therefore, it is better to give preference to early spring crops. They can be carried out immediately after the top layer of soil warms up.

Return cooling will negatively affect the level of "keeping quality" of root crops and can provoke the active formation of flower arrows. But for beam products, these flaws are not a hindrance. That is why early ripening varieties can be sown much earlier.

Great for storage carrot varieties with a long maturation period. But it is recommended to sow them after a stable heat is established (15-18 ° C).

Preparation and sowing of seeds

Pre-sowing preparation allows you to immediately identify "defective" seeds and accelerates germination. Therefore, this step should not be neglected. Moreover, the procedure requires almost no effort. To begin, the seeds must be poured warm water. After 10 hours, all the "illiquid assets" will surface.

To speed up germination by a week or even more, it is necessary to carry out one more simple manipulation. Seeds are placed on a damp piece of cloth or cotton wool and kept for several days. The air temperature should vary between 20 °C and 24 °C. In such conditions, after three days the seeds will hatch - fragile roots will appear.

Before boarding carrots it is necessary to dig grooves and moisten them well. They should not be too small so that strong gusts of wind do not spread the seeds throughout the site. You can not make grooves and too deep. Otherwise, the seeds will not germinate at all. The optimal sowing depth ranges from 2 to 3 cm. The distance between adjacent grooves is at least 15 cm, and between seeds is at least 2 cm.

Care for beds with carrots

In order for carrots to grow sweet and beautiful, regular tillage should be carried out. The first weeding may be required before the seeds germinate. The neighborhood of weeds has a detrimental effect on the development of carrots. Therefore, they must be eliminated immediately after the appearance.

The soil in the garden should always be loose. Compaction of the soil and the formation of a crust provoke the curvature of root crops. They can grow big, but appearance will be completely unrepresentative. Therefore, loosening the soil in the garden is a mandatory procedure.

In order for carrots to grow large, it is necessary to monitor the level of thickening of crops. The first thinning is carried out immediately after the real leaves appear on the plants. The distance between adjacent carrots is about 3 centimeters. If the seeds were sown sparsely, then there is no need for the first thinning. When two pairs of leaves appear, the procedure is repeated, doubling the distance between adjacent plants.

Watering and fertilizing

Juicy, sweet root crops grow only in those who spare no effort and time for watering. Lack of moisture is the cause of bitterness and lethargy in carrots. Moreover, watering is equally important at all stages of plant development. The depth of moisture should correspond to the size of the root crop. A bed of adult carrots must be watered so that the water soaks a layer of 30 cm.

It is enough to feed the carrots twice during the season. The first fertilization should be carried out 3-4 weeks after germination, the second - after a couple of months. It is most convenient to apply fertilizer in liquid form. To do this, add a choice of water to a bucket of water:

a tablespoon of nitrophoska;
two glasses of wood ash;
a mixture of 20 g of potassium nitrate, 15 g of urea and double superphosphate.

Pest and disease control

The main enemy of root crops is the carrot fly. Its presence can be determined by the presence of twisted leaves. The best protection from the pest is proper care for carrots. The insect appears on thickened, overgrown with weeds or excessively moistened beds. Used to control carrot flies chemicals: Intavir, Aktellik and others.

Carrots are less susceptible to disease. Most often, problems arise with alternariosis or phomosis. Treating the beds with a 1% solution of Bordeaux will help to significantly reduce the risk of developing diseases.

Carrot varieties

Among numerous varieties carrots are easy to pick up best option for both spring and winter sowing. are the most productive.