The certificate is white. Svidina. Care, cultivation, reproduction. Rules for propagation by seed

Cornus, Derain, svidina, cornus. Deciduous shrubs with entire leaves and small flowers collected in inflorescences.

Etymology

The name comes from the Latin cornus- "horn". The name is given because of the particularly durable wood of the plant.

Types and varieties of derain

There are 50 species in the genus, distributed mainly in the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. In ornamental gardening, 4 types are widespread: offspring turf (Cornus stolonifera), white turf (Cornus alba), red turf (Cornus sanguinea), red turf (Cornus sanguinea).

White deren, or Tatar derain, white svidina, or Siberian svidina, white cornus (Cornus alba, Swida alba)

Homeland - the European part of Russia, Siberia, Transbaikalia and the Far East.

Deciduous shrub up to 3 m tall. Crown hemispherical or irregular shape. Shoots erect or slightly sloping. The color of the bark is bright, red, brown or yellow. The branches are thin, flexible, young shoots - various shades of red. The leaves are dark green, wrinkled, up to 10 cm long. autumn coloring decorative: from lemon yellow to purple-red. The flowers are small, white, individually inconspicuous, collected in corymbose inflorescences. Blooms in early summer and again in early autumn. Fruiting in August-September. Fruits - drupe - spherical white or bluish- white color up to 10 mm in diameter. Inedible.

USDA zone2 (3). Kind of winter-hardy.

Numerous varieties are used in ornamental horticulture in compositions and hedges.

Popular varieties of white derain:

‘Aurea’- the variety is distinguished by yellow coloring of foliage;

‘Aigenteomarginata’ (‘Elegantissima’, ‘Variegata') - bush up to 3 m tall, reddish branches, bluish leaves with a white border, in autumn their color is from orange to burgundy, the variety tolerates heavy pruning and shearing;

‘Baihalo' - a bush with a rounded crown, up to 1.5 m tall, dark red branches, leaves with a white border;

'Cream Cracker'- the variety is distinguished by the golden edging of young leaves and the cream of older ones;

‘Kesselringii’- characterized by dark brown shoots

‘Sibirica’- the variety is distinguished by the coral-red color of the shoots;

‘Sibirica Variegata' - a bush with a dense crown, the leaves are large, flat with a wide white border;

‘Spaethii' - a bush with a dense crown up to 2 m tall, the leaves are bluish, with a wide yellow border, some are completely yellow.

Derain white Gouchaultii

Offspring derain, or shoot-bearing derain, silky deren, offspring svidina (Cornus stolonifera)

North American species, close to white turf, distinguished by its ability to produce a large number of root suckers.

Deciduous shrub. Shoots are shiny, red. They can lean and easily take root next to the bush. The leaves are large oval, up to 10 cm long, bright green in color. The flowers are small, yellowish or greenish-white, collected in a corymbose inflorescence up to 8 cm long. Flowering in May - June. Fruiting in August-September. Fruits - drupe - white spherical shape up to 10 mm in diameter. Inedible.

Popular varieties of offspring derain:

‘Flaviramea’- the variety is distinguished by green shoots;

'Kelsey'- differs by the prostrate shape of the crown, yellowish branches with red tops;

'Winter Flame'- differs in bright yellow color of escapes;

‘WhiteGold' - shrub up to 3.5 m high with decumbent and rooting yellow branches, leaves with a wide white border, with strokes along the edge, yellowish-white flowers;

'Budd's Yellow'- is different olive color shoots.

Deren red, or blood-red svidina, blood-red cornus (Сornus sanguinea)

Derain red grows in the undergrowth of light deciduous and mixed forests in the European part of Russia.

Deciduous shrub up to 4 m tall, with a strongly branched crown and drooping shoots of various colors (green, purple-red and yellowish). The leaves are bright green, light green or whitish below from dense pubescence, blood red in autumn. Inflorescences up to 7 cm in diameter, fluffy of 50-70 white flowers. Appear in May-June. The fruits are blue-black in color, ripen in August. Inedible.

Popular varieties of red derain:

‘Variegata' - greenish-brown branches, reddening in the sun, pubescent leaves with a yellow and white border, purple in autumn;

'Midwinter Fier'- different red-orange shoots;

'Compressa'- differs in small curved "crumpled" wrinkled leaves on vertical shoots.

USDA Zone 2 (3). Kind of winter-hardy.

Male dogwood, male dogwood, or common dogwood (Cornus mas)

An exceptionally southern plant that grows wild in the Caucasus and Crimea, Asia Minor and Ukraine.

Deciduous shrub or small tree, in the conditions of the middle lane, the dogwood usually does not grow more than 1-1.5 m in height. The bark is dark brown, flaky. Leaves ovate, up to 10 cm long, light green. Flowers yellow, small. are blooming in early spring until the leaves appear (March-April). Collected in axillary inflorescences (10-20 pieces each) and surrounded by a wrapper. The fruit is a drupe. Ripens in September-October. Up to 1.5 cm long spindle-shaped or elliptical red color. Edible.

Popular dogwood varieties:

Varieties with fruits- from oval to pear-shaped and cylindrical, red, yellow color, weighing from 2 to 10 g. The pulp can have a variety of tastes: from sweet to sour, astringent. The fruits also have bactericidal properties, and the dogwood bark, its berries and leaves contain organic acids, sugars, pectins, tannins. Vitamin C in them is as much as in blackcurrant.

Varieties with decorative leaves (in the conditions of the middle lane it is not winter-hardy).

USDA Zone 4(5). AT middle lane the culture practically does not hibernate, completely freezing out every year, therefore it is found, as a rule, only up to the latitude of the city of Orel.

Dogwood is shade-tolerant (feels better in weak shading), drought-resistant, undemanding to soils, but prefers well-filled, nutritious and moisture-intensive soils. Dogwood starts fruiting early and bears fruit annually up to 70-90 years. For cross-pollination, there must be at least two different bushes this plant.

The root system of dogwood is dense and branched, but superficial. Therefore, it is necessary to loosen the soil under it shallowly - by 5-8 cm.

You should not buy dogwood seedlings along highways and at spontaneous fairs, since such a purchase will most likely bring failure: specimens dug out in the southern regions have low winter hardiness.

Sod care

Derains are generally unpretentious and winter-hardy plants, preferring a sunny or semi-shady location with any garden soil. When preparing the site, it is advisable to fill the landing pit with humus. Deep landing recommended.

Care is not demanding. Watering is carried out during dry periods, in the spring it is desirable to carry out top dressing with a complete mineral fertilizer.

Instances grown for the sake of branches, beautiful in winter, pruned in early spring, completely removing shoots at a height of 5-20 cm from the ground. Plants planted for flowers or beautiful foliage are grown almost without pruning, only thinning out the crown once every few years (early spring, before bud break).

Derain propagation

Propagated by seeds, cuttings, root suckers.

The use of deren in culture

Blood red derain has a very strong, thin-layered wood that does not prick well. Baskets are woven from thin branches of turf and hoops are made.

And the male deren or dogwood is known for its fruits. They contain up to 9% sugar and 3.5% acids. This is one of the oldest fruit plants. Back in the 4th century BC. e. Hippocrates advised to use its fruits for the treatment of stomach diseases. The seeds and leaves serve as substitutes for tea and coffee.

Origin:

European part (basins of the Upper Volga, Kama, Northern Dvina, Pechora), Western and Eastern Siberia, Far East, North Korea, Northeast China, Japan

Habitat:

undergrowth of dark coniferous forests, floodplains, floodplain forests, thickets of shrubs

Sizes and forms of growth:

life form: bush

deciduous

monoecious

crown diameter:

higher with age

crown shape:

when young, broadly rounded, with age with sloping to the ground, but not rooting branches, in wet places forms extensive thickets

root system:

superficial, strongly branched, with a large number of thin roots

The soil:

mechanical composition soil: any soil

specific need for micro and macro elements:

carries lime

Planting and breeding:

optimal timing landings:

spring, autumn

breeding methods: seeds, green cuttings, semi-lignified cuttings

features of seed reproduction:

seeds are sown before winter or in spring after 2-month cold stratification at +5 degrees;
seed germination is good, can reach 100%

vegetative reproduction:

cuttings in a greenhouse (up to 100% of cuttings take root when treated with 0.002% succinic acid)

Care:

Pruning:

after planting in early spring, pruning is carried out close to the ground, up to 15 cm, in order to form a multi-stemmed plant with strong shoots;
to obtain brightly colored young erect stems, they are cut annually, removing old wood, thin, weak and diseased shoots;
at the beginning of spring growth, a third of annual growths are shortened closer to the old branch, leaving 2-3 buds to stimulate young shoots, and at the end of June, new growths are pinched;
thickened plant correct autumn pruning all old stems up to 1-2 cm from the ground, and in spring weak and thin shoots are removed

A haircut:

suitable for cutting, up to 3 times per season, until the end of July

Winter hardiness:

main view:

winter-hardy

hardiness zone

Shelter for the winter:

not required even for seedlings, only rooted cuttings cover

Decorative:

Decoration season: all year round

Peak decorative:

summer, autumn, winter

Decorative properties: crown shape, color of shoots, leaves, inflorescences, fruits

Branches (bark color, shape):

young shoots bright coral red, old wood red or olive brown beautiful pattern bark

Kidneys:

elongated, with two flap scales

Leaves:

opposite, from widely elliptical to elliptical, 3-10 cm long and 2-7 cm wide, with a pointed apex, rounded or wedge-shaped base, wrinkled above, with sparse adpressed hairs, denser below, with 4-6 pairs of lateral veins, on petioles 5-30 mm long

Summer color of leaves (needles):

dark green, bluish below

Autumn color of leaves (needles):

yellow to orange and brownish red

Flowering time:

can bloom in late May-early June all summer;
in Moscow it blooms from the beginning of June for 12 days, sometimes a second time - in September

Color spectrum:

flowers:

flowers are small, on pedicels 2-5 mm long, with ovate-lanceolate petals 4-5 mm long and 1.5-2 mm wide, with an inconspicuous serrated calyx

Inflorescences:

inflorescences are corymbose, flat or slightly convex, 3.5-5.0 cm in diameter, dense, on peduncles 2-4 cm long

Fruit:

spherical drupes up to 8 mm in diameter, young - bluish, mature - bluish-white or white, with an ellipsoid stone, not edible

Fruiting time:

in Moscow it bears fruit from the age of 3, the fruits ripen from the end of July

Decorative forms (varieties):

Elegantissima syn. Argenteomarginata- up to 2.5 m high, young shoots are reddish, saturated red in winter, bluish-green foliage with creamy-white edging, orange to burgundy in autumn, blooms from June all summer;
Cream Cracker- less than 1.5 m, with a golden border on young foliage;
Ivory Halo(syn. Baihalo) - with a rounded crown up to 1.5 m, shoots are dark red, foliage with white edging;
Gauchaultii- up to 2 m, foliage is green with a yellow-white border and pink spots;
Spaethii- dense shrub up to 2 m high, bright red shoots, foliage brownish-orange or dull red when blooming, then green with a wide yellow edge;
Kernii- green foliage with yellow spots;
Kesselringii- up to 4.0 m high, shoots are black-red, almost black, the foliage is dark brown when blooming, then bluish-green;
Nana- undersized, slow-growing, with bright red shoots;
var. Sibirica(syn. Westonbirt) - up to 2.5 m high, shoots are bright red, leaves are wider, dark green;
var. Sibirica Aurea- 2.0 m high, reddish shoots, golden yellow foliage, blooms all summer;
var. Sibirica Variegata- up to 2 m, foliage with uneven creamy-white edging, in autumn the middle of the leaf turns from green to purple, in winter the shoots are bright coral

And this is not surprising! After all, the turf plant is completely unpretentious to adverse conditions and a dusty habitat. But besides this, white deren is very beautiful, it summer bloom is striking in its beauty, in autumn your garden will be ennobled by its purple leaves, and in winter the red branches look very unusual with white snow around. The plant is popular not only among amateur gardeners, it is also used by professionals and landscape designers. And this also indicates that deren is a plant that has variety of varieties and shapes, so you can create beautiful compositions near roads.

Shrub Description

The plant can also be found under a different name white svidina. In the regions of Russia, this culture is most widespread. Beautiful spreading branches, due to their flexibility, create a rather large crown, which can reach up to 2.5 m, and a width of at least 5 m. At the same time, the color is not limited to white, ornamental shrubs can be blood red or brown.

Durable wood allows growing deren not only as a shrub, but also as a tree. Its flowering occurs twice a year: May - June, August - September. During these periods, svidina or deren are decorated with fluffy inflorescences of white flowers. The bark of shrubs is especially unusual, because not all plants have bark in winter period becomes coral, yellow or dark green. And in autumn period inflorescences turn white, purple or even black, and against the background of purple, orange or green foliage, this looks especially contrasting.

Variety of crop varieties

Derain white has relatively few species, about 20, which are distributed throughout the CIS. The most popular of them are the following:

Elegantissima - of all species, it is the most winter-hardy. Grows up to 3 meters in height. Its leaves are unusual - a bluish-green hue is framed by a white border, and with the onset of autumn they acquire a light pink hue.
Sibirika - a blood-red deren that reaches no more than 1.5 meters, is distinguished by the special beauty of the bark - red shoots with juicy foliage have snow-white flowers with a bluish tint.
Siberian variegata - deren or svidina reaches a height of two meters. Its green leaves are framed with a white border, and in early autumn the leaves turn purple. This species also tolerates severe frosts well. Good for small areas.
Aurea is a species that, like many others, grows up to two meters in height. But its difference is broad leaves, which during flowering from a brown-burgundy color acquire a yellowish tint. Inflorescences are creamy white.
Shpeta is a shrub that grows up to 3 meters in height. It has upright shoots, on which the foliage is green with a white border. This species does not change its color during the growing season, due to this the shrub resembles a golden speck from a long distance.
Ivory Hal is a bush with erect shoots that reach a height of two meters. Svidina with blood-red shoots and white edging, with the onset of autumn changes its color to a darker shade. Inflorescences have yellow flowers. This type of deren grows rapidly, but the increase is small.
Guhalti is a deciduous shrub, its maximum height is 3 meters in height. Shoots in the form of twigs, which look especially bright against the background of green leaves, which differ even in the color of the border, in this species it is pink, and the fruits are white and blue.
Cream cracker - its height directly depends on the conditions in which it is grown, so its minimum height is 80 cm, and its maximum height is 3 meters. Its purple-red shoots are visible from a distance, they are erect and not densely spaced. The leaves have cream stripes and they are also bordered. The fruits can be observed in early August, they are white.

Read also: Fairy tale in the garden - wisteria flowers

Features of growing, planting and caring for turf

Derain red and white is quite unpretentious in cultivation, this is undoubtedly a huge plus for beginner gardeners.

cultivation

A bush or tree does not require any special soil, it will grow well both on heavy, loamy, and on sandy soils. He is not afraid of drought or severe frosts, as well as other unfavourable conditions. Most diseases do not threaten this ornamental shrub, and it does not attract pests at all.
But, despite all this, the turf in planting and care is capricious and it is necessary to take into account some points, observing them, you will get the desired result:

Insufficiently rich in microelements soil, it is better to fertilize immediately before planting the plant. So they can take root well, and their growth will be more active.
If your site has swampy soil or is located close to a reservoir, it is necessary to make drainage and the white sod will not die from an excess of water.
In areas that are well lit sunbeams the plant will grow better and acquire bright colors.

Landing

As we have already found out, derain is unpretentious and frost-resistant. Based on this, we can determine the main landing conditions:

Sunny area.
Moderate humidity.

Before planting sod, it is necessary to take into account the above rules and nuances, which are mandatory even for this unpretentious plant.
Before planting in the landing pit, you need to add organic fertilizers, it can be compost or humus.

If you want to purchase a ready-made seedling, then it should be no more than four years old. Seedlings of this age (up to four years) take root better and give large quantity young shoots after pruning. And also, when planting a purchased seedling, you should pay attention to the state of the root system. If the roots are dry, they must be placed for a while (2 - 3 hours) in water. Thanks to this, the seedling is saturated with moisture, which will ensure better survival in a new place.
In order to propagate the planted sod, you can use the choice of the method that is convenient for you.

Read also: Round-leaved tree pliers: planting, care, reproduction

culture propagation

Ordinary derain is able to propagate by cuttings, layering and seeds. Wherein:

A quick way is cuttings and layering.
Slow - seed.

Often, the shrub begins to bloom and bear fruit when it reaches the age of three. And the seeds are 100% capable of reproduction. Freshly harvested seeds are sown in autumn, and stratified seeds in spring. Seeds may not even sprout in the planned places - do not be surprised by this, because birds often carry them.

Decorative derain shrub is best propagated by one of vegetative ways, so he will not lose his decorative qualities.

However, the rooting of cuttings is not always successful, it often happens that in the first winter they freeze out - this happens with green cuttings. But the same method, but from lignified shoots, gives a guarantee of survival by almost 100%. The plant has an unusual ability: the rudiments of the roots are located under the bark of the entire shoot, and as soon as they fall into the proper conditions, they awaken.

Rules for propagation by seed

Sort the seeds by ripening time, as they may not ripen at the same time.
Assembled planting material must be stored in a dry place such as a paper envelope or box, and accordingly must be marked with the date of collection and variety.
Seeds germinate for five years.
Sowing is best done in late autumn or early spring.
Before planting, it is good to dig up and fertilize the site.
A couple of months before spring sowing, the seeds must be kept in the substrate (sand + moss + sawdust + peat), observing temperature regime+5°C, and the ratio of seeds to substrate is 1:4. autumn sowing involves freshly harvested seeds that do not require stratification.
For good shoots you need 5 - 15 g seed per 1 sq. meter.
The fruits are sown to a depth of 5 cm.
Crops need regular loosening and watering.
Planting is very important for white turf, if planted correctly it will reach maximum dimensions after 5 - 7 years. And varieties that grow quickly - after a maximum of 3 years.
On the permanent place seedlings can be planted when they reach 50 - 60 cm in height.

Read also: Reproduction of alocasia at home in various ways

Rules for propagation by cuttings

Cuttings that are lignified are cut on adult bushes, you need to choose strong shoots. Young ones are not suitable, as there is a high probability that they will not take root.
You can plant cuttings in June, after cutting they are placed in the ground immediately.
Before planting, the soil must be loosened and fertilized.
Landing pits should be no more than 2 cm deep, peat with sand (1: 1) is poured onto the bottom.
The cutting is placed close to the side wall of the fossa.
The distance between landings must be strictly observed - at least 10 cm.
The shoots are sprinkled with earth in 2 approaches, with each layer being compacted.
After that, the seedlings need abundant watering.
The compost around the planted cutting also needs to be compacted.
At the end of the year, rooted seedlings can be transplanted to a permanent location.

Sod care

For care, you do not need to use special fertilizers. It is enough just to mulch the soil around the plants with materials that have organic matter.
Regular, but moderate watering will save the plant during the drought period, and also at this time you need to remember to loosen the ground and weed the weeds.
Another important point, red sod, like white, needs pruning. This process is not difficult to carry out. Pruning before winter - if you want to see red shoots all winter. Pruning, which is carried out in early spring, should be directly above the ground. During the warm time, the shoots will grow back. This pruning promotes increased splendor, but flowering is reduced.
And if you like flowering and growth, then pruning is done in the fall. To do this, you just need to shorten the branches as you like. With this pruning you get a neat appearance and harmonious form plants.

From all that has been said, it is clear that wherever you grow this crop, there will be no problems with this. The amazing colors of the leaves will brighten up your garden like no other plant, while the cost of growing turf is minimal, and if you do not use fertilizers, there are none at all. In this case, you will contemplate the bush all year round.

Svidina. Winter garden decoration

So winter has come ... Garden chores are over. Now you can think about the design of the winter area, how to make it beautiful in a long sad time off-season. What natural colors and shapes can be used to create decorative winter compositions?

First of all, pay attention to the deren, which has decorative flowers, fruits, leaves and shoots. In winter, all derens with stems of burgundy, red, orange, yellow and bright green colors look elegant against the background of white snow in the company of evergreen conifers. Even in the famous park of Versailles there are clipped alleys made of turf.

I think that from the turf family for the winter garden it is better to choose pork (Swida). This deciduous and hardy shrub with upright shoots as if created for decorating the site. Svidina blood-red (Swida sanguinea) will decorate winter Garden bright shoots up to 7 m high! Its varieties amaze with a rich palette of bark of various shades of red. For example, the variety Midwinter Fire has stems on sunny area bright red, and in the shade their color changes from light green to bright orange. The sunlit side of the shoot always looks brighter. Variety Variegata is a tall shrub with young pale green shoots that eventually become burgundy, decorated with blue-black inedible fruits. Winter Beauty shrubs have orange-yellow stems, while New Red and Midwinter Fire have orange with a red tint.

It's interesting that...

At blood red pork very strong and flexible wood- canes are made from it, and baskets are woven from thin branches and hoops are made.

well known to all white pork (Swida alba) with shoots 2.5-3 m high is so named for the abundant snow-white flowering in the first half of summer and again - in early autumn. Round berries are formed on the branches, white with blue. White pigtail has very spectacular whitish-gray foliage, which turns dark purple by autumn. It is interesting that the shoots of some varieties of white pork (Sibirica, Elegantissima) are red, and the stunted pork (up to 2 m tall) of the Kesselringii variety are generally purple-black.

Svidina. Cultivation and care.

Location. Svidina is resistant to frost, air pollution, tolerates moderate shading (but it is better to plant it in lit places). Svidina does not like alkaline soils, it can grow on clay soil, but prefers sandy and peaty, moist.

Landing. You can buy 2-3-year-old svidina seedlings in the nursery in early April. They must be planted immediately, because the vegetation of the svidina begins early. Can't do it immediately after purchase? Then dig or cover the seedlings with a film or burlap! If you want to plant a shrub in the fall, then do it before mid-October so that it takes root before the onset of frost.

When planning a hedge, plant plants in increments of about 3 m. Dig landing pits 1 m wide and 70 cm deep, fill them with a fertile layer of soil mixed with humus and complex mineral fertilizers. It is advisable to transplant plants with a clod of earth. If the seedling has an open root system, then try not to dry out the roots.

Mulch after planting trunk circles peat. In drought, plants need to be watered, and fed better in spring complete mineral fertilizer.

Pruning. Svidina is usually used in group plantings or hedges. Prune these bushes in early spring, shortening the shoots to a height of 5-20 cm from the ground (depending on the size of the bush). So the svidina will be thick, neat, with a bright color of the shoots, which is very important for the aesthetics of the winter garden.

Svidina. Reproduction.

Svidina is propagated by cuttings, layering and seeds.

Reproduction by seeds. This method is most popular with gardeners. Collect pork seeds as they ripen. Before planting, they need to be stratified for 4 months. To do this, alternate layers of seeds with layers of a mixture of sawdust, moss, sand and peat and keep in a cool place (+ 1-5 ° C). Sow before winter or spring in a greenhouse or outdoors, embedding in the soil to a depth of 4-5 cm. Germination can be very long (up to 18 months!). Before sowing, it is desirable to separate the pulp from the seeds, otherwise they will germinate even longer.

When planting seedlings in a permanent place, cut their roots and above-ground part, in the 2nd year of cultivation, cut them “on the stump”. These activities will increase tillering.

Propagation by woody cuttings. Cut the cuttings in the middle of summer and plant them immediately, because after laying down, the survival rate is much lower.

Do you know that...

Pork shoots for harvesting cuttings should have a well-defined growth point and lignification in the lower part. Early in the morning, cut cuttings 10-15 cm long with 2-4 pairs of leaves and immediately put them in water. Then, under water, remove the ends of the shoots with an oblique cut 0.5 cm below the kidney. Leaves do not shorten. To stimulate root formation during the day, treat the cuttings with heteroauxin at a concentration of 0.02-0.03% and indolylbutyric acid - 0.001%.

Root the svidina in a cold greenhouse, because the top of the cutting will grow strongly in the heat - and nutrients used up before the formation of the root system. Prepare a mixture of peat (or humus with peat 1: 1), leafy soil (you can replace it with turf) and washed sand (2: 2: 1). Make a hole in the soil with a peg, insert the cutting so that two buds remain above the ground. Water and shade well, sprinkle with mulch. After 1.5 months, the cuttings will have roots.

It is advisable to leave rooted cuttings in a greenhouse until spring, and then place them in a nursery for growing. In a year (autumn) or six months (spring), young svidina bushes can already be planted in a permanent place.

Reproduction by layering. In the spring, make a groove in the soil near the bush with a depth of 6-7 cm. Bend the side branch, lay it in a trench, leaving the top outside. Cover the shoot nodes with fertile soil, and leave the leaves outside. From each node roots are formed and shoots will go. next spring transplant the rooted seedling to a permanent place.

Svidina. Winter garden decoration

So winter has come ... Garden chores are over. Now you can think about the design of the winter site, how to make it beautiful in the long, dull time of the off-season. What natural colors and shapes can be used to create decorative winter compositions?

I think that from the turf family for the winter garden it is better to choose pork (Swida). This deciduous and frost-resistant shrub with erect shoots seems to be created for decorating the site. Svidina blood-red (Swida sanguinea) will decorate the winter garden with bright shoots up to 7 m high! Its varieties amaze with a rich palette of bark of various shades of red. For example, the Midwinter Fire cultivar has bright red stems in full sun, changing from light green to bright orange in shade. The sunlit side of the shoot always looks brighter. Variety Variegata is a tall shrub with young pale green shoots that eventually become burgundy, decorated with blue-black inedible fruits. Winter Beauty shrubs have orange-yellow stems, while New Red and Midwinter Fire have orange with a red tint.

It's interesting that...

At blood red pork very strong and flexible wood - canes are made from it, and baskets are woven from thin branches and hoops are made.

Svidina. Cultivation and care.

When planning a hedge, plant plants in increments of about 3 m. Dig planting holes 1 m wide and 70 cm deep, fill them with a fertile layer of soil mixed with humus and complex mineral fertilizers. It is advisable to transplant plants with a clod of earth. If the seedling has an open root system, then try not to dry out the roots.

After planting, mulch the tree trunks with peat. In drought, plants need to be watered, and it is better to feed them in the spring with a complete mineral fertilizer.

Svidina. Reproduction.

Svidina is propagated by cuttings, layering and seeds.

When planting seedlings in a permanent place, cut their roots and above-ground part, in the 2nd year of cultivation, cut them “on the stump”. These activities will increase tillering.

Propagation by woody cuttings. Cut the cuttings in the middle of summer and plant them immediately, because after laying down, the survival rate is much lower.

Do you know that...

Root the svidina in a cold greenhouse, because the top of the cutting will grow strongly in the heat - and the nutrients will be used up even before the formation of the root system. Prepare a mixture of peat (or humus with peat 1: 1), leafy soil (you can replace it with turf) and washed sand (2: 2: 1). Make a hole in the soil with a peg, insert the cutting so that two buds remain above the ground. Water and shade well, sprinkle with mulch. After 1.5 months, the cuttings will have roots.

Reproduction by layering. In the spring, make a groove in the soil near the bush with a depth of 6-7 cm. Bend the side branch, lay it in a trench, leaving the top outside. Cover the shoot nodes with fertile soil, and leave the leaves outside. From each node roots are formed and shoots will go. Transplant the rooted seedling to a permanent place next spring.