What level of air humidity is considered optimal? What is the norm of air humidity in the apartment and how to achieve its optimization

What is the humidity level in the apartment? Most people can easily answer what the temperature should be in a living space, but the question of humidity will confuse them. And only a few will be able to name the correct numbers. Meanwhile, humidity is one of the main indicators of the microclimate level in the house.

in the apartment

The humidity in the room is measured by a special device - a hygrometer. They vary in design (digital, hairline, wireless) and measurement range, but each is very easy to use. In any case, no more difficult than with a conventional thermometer.

The humidity level depends on the type of room. For example, in bakeries, in fermentation rooms, in poultry houses, in cold warehouses for food storage, it is 70-80%. In greenhouses for growing tulips, it can reach 95%, and this is considered the norm. But for rooms with computers, telephone nodes and office equipment, the indicators should not exceed 50%.

The rate of humidity in the apartment also depends on the type of room. On average, the numbers fluctuate between 40-60%. According to in the living rooms and in the interior corridor, the optimum humidity during the cold season should be 30-45%. Permissible rates for these types of premises - up to 60%.

In the warm season, the optimum humidity in the apartment is 30-60%. Permissible - up to 65%. However, in the regions from the air (above 75% on the street), the permissible values are increased to 75%.

In the kitchen, toilet, bathroom, lobby, on and in the pantry, this indicator is not standardized.

Various indicators and the need to use special instruments - all this may seem too complicated for ordinary person. Therefore, in order to find out whether the humidity in the apartment is high or low, you can experiment with a glass. We take a glass or a stack (any glass vessel), pour water into it, cool it to 3-4 ° C in the refrigerator. Then you need to put the vessel in the room and observe:

the walls of the vessel fogged up, and then dried up in 5 minutes - the humidity is lowered, the air is dry;
after 5 minutes the walls are wet - optimal performance;
after 5 minutes, streams run along the walls of the vessel - high humidity.

This is how you can easily find out the microclimate in the room, but for the purity of the experiment, the glass must be placed away from heating devices.

What is harmful high humidity

High humidity is foggy windows, linen drying for several days, clothes with an unpleasant moldy smell, fungi and mold. Only these factors make the house unsuitable for living. It is also worth adding that such a microclimate does not have a very good effect on human health: fungal spores during
contact with food can cause poisoning and allergies, heat exchange processes are disturbed, and the risk of infection increases. A person living in a house with high humidity gets sick more often and for longer.

How low humidity affects the human body

Low humidity also causes a number of problems. The intensity of evaporation from everything that contains water increases: from human skin, from plants. The latter dry out, and the skin loses its elasticity and ages. The nasal mucosa dries up, which means that there is a risk of a runny nose and acute respiratory infections. Respiratory organs suffer, especially in asthmatics and allergy sufferers.

The norm of humidity in an apartment is not an abstract concept. These are real numbers that allow you to understand how safe the indoor climate is. And if the air humidity is greatly reduced or increased, it is necessary to ensure that it corresponds to normal values.

Ways to reduce humidity

There are two main methods for dehumidifying the air.

Find and eliminate the cause high humidity. This may be a temporary increase in performance due to cooking, showering or drying things, lack of sunlight, lack of normal ventilation, sealed PVC windows, etc. For each reason, you can choose a way to eliminate it: make good ventilation, ventilate rooms more often , build up batteries, etc.
Forced dehumidification with special dehumidifiers, chemicals absorbing moisture, and climate control systems.

Ideally, only the first method should be used, but if this cannot be done or is associated with serious financial costs, then the second can be used.

Humidity Increase Methods

Most often, dry air in the room is formed in winter period when the heating devices are intensively working, and the rooms are criminally rarely ventilated. However, this problem can also be overcome. The norm of humidity in the apartment with dry air is achieved through the following measures:

The presence of an aquarium in the room or
The presence of a large number of plants.
Installation of a household humidifier.
Reducing the frequency of using any household appliances especially heating ones.
Frequent ventilation.

In an apartment - this is a guarantee of your health and ensuring the desired level of comfort in the house. And don't skimp on your health. Therefore, try to maintain normal humidity levels, even if by force.

Can't decide which humidifier you need? This article will tell you how to make the right choice and more. In general, is it worth buying this device and why is it needed, perhaps you can do without it.

What air humidity is considered normal for a person and why?

As you know, a person needs to drink 1.5 - 2 liters of water per day to maintain a normal level of water-salt balance in the body. But there are situations when this amount is not enough, for example, in hot weather or in a room that is too dry, when there is a strong evaporation of moisture. Human body 70% consists of water, so even if we drink a lot of liquid, in certain situations this may not be enough. Water deficiency in the body negatively affects the condition of the skin, respiratory organs, and general well-being may worsen. In a too dry room, accumulates on the surface of objects large quantity static electricity than in rooms with normal humidity.

Based on the foregoing, we conclude that a certain air humidity is of no small importance for human health, as well as for normal work and comfort of life. To determine the relative humidity of the air suitable for normal human life, consider the table of temperature and humidity standards for residential premises, developed by SanPiN 2.1.2.1002, according to the recommendations of experts in this field:

You should also know that air with a humidity index below 50% is considered dry, 50-70% - moderate humidity, and above 70% - humid. Following the recommendations of children's doctors, it is necessary to maintain air humidity in the children's room within 50-60%. Such humidity parameters reduce the risk of colds in a child associated with irritation of very sensitive mucous membranes of the respiratory organs caused by too dry air.

Here are some reasons why air humidification is a must:

dry air in the room, at any time of the year, at which irritation occurs, the mucous membrane of the respiratory system, skin and eyes;
breeding moisture-loving plants, which, with a lack of moisture, may die or become painful.

If your winter garden occupies a small area on the windowsill or in the corner of the room, it is enough to purchase one humidifier with a small service area.

But do not be too zealous - too humid air in warm damp rooms contributes to the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria and microbes, and in cold and damp rooms there is a danger of colds.

How to increase the humidity in the room?

AT summer period time when the air conditioner is running, as well as in winter, when it turns on central heating, relative humidity tends to decrease. To remedy the situation, you can use the "grandmother's" method, placing bowls of water around the apartment and hanging wet towels, or you can follow the latest technological progress, which offers its own, more advanced methods of humidifying the air. Let's consider some of them.

Cold acting humidifier. The principle of operation of this humidifier is to distill dry air through a filter or cartridge, which is half placed in a container of water. To speed up the process, air is specially pumped into the humidifier and, passing through the filter, is humidified and distributed throughout the room.

For such humidifiers, manufacturers advise using only distilled water, but practice has shown that tap water is just as good. The main thing is to remember to rinse the container with water and the filter itself once every two weeks.

Cold action humidifiers have a low power - 20 - 60 W, are easy to use, but at the same time they have a rather large (up to 150 sq.m) service area. Evaporation of water takes place at a rate of 300 - 400 g / hour. The rate of evaporation depends on the state of humidity in the room. Due to the small capacity, these humidifiers cannot bring the humidity to the desired level in a short time, and when the humidity approaches 60%, their performance drops to zero. This has its advantages - this device will never make the air excessively humid. Hence the conclusion - cold-acting humidifiers are ideal for rooms where the humidity of the air is only slightly abnormal.

Inexpensive cold-acting humidifiers are offered by companies Bionaire, Delonghi at a price of $45.

Humidifiers can be equipped with an ionizer or air purifier that allows you to get rid of dust, odors, plant pollen, dust mites, and tobacco smoke. The ionizer monitors the correct balance of positive and negative ions in the air, which also has a positive effect on reducing harmful impurities and dust in the air. For domestic use, ionizers with a corona discharge are suitable. Such devices are offered by companies Neo-Tec, AirComfort, Chung-Pung. The cost of a humidifier equipped with an ionizer will be more than $120.

Steam humidifiers. Compared to cold-acting humidifiers, these devices are much more powerful - 200 - 500 watts. The principle of operation of these humidifiers is to evaporate water by heating it. When purchasing such a humidifier model, you need to make sure that the function is available. automatic shutdown in case of complete evaporation of the liquid. Also choose a model of such a shape that it cannot be accidentally knocked over.

The advantage of the steam humidifier over other models is its high performance resulting from more power(up to 700 gr/hour). But at the same time, a large power consumption occurs, so that high performance is not always justified.

When choosing a steam humidifier, make sure there is a built-in hygrostat that measures the humidity in the air. If it is present, the humidifier will automatically turn off when the air humidity reaches the value you set, and the microclimate will be constantly maintained at this level.

It should be noted that the steam coming out is very hot, so the humidifier should not be installed near furniture, and if there are small children in the house, then for their safety, you should consider purchasing another, less dangerous device.

Steam humidifiers kill pathogenic bacteria when water is boiled. It is necessary to periodically clean the humidifier tank from scale. Water can be used ordinary from the tap. Such humidifiers can be used for medical purposes as an inhaler while maintaining humidity at a certain level. These devices are offered by Bionaire. Humidifiers can also be equipped with additional features as room scent. Aromatherapy is supported by device manufacturers Delonghi, Boneco. There are models equipped with backlight, electronic control, liquid indicator.

ultrasonic humidifiers. These devices are the most popular among household air humidifiers. Have high efficiency, due to low power and high performance.

The basis of their action lies in the ability to transform electrical oscillations using a piezoelectric to vibrate. The vibrating piezoelectric element produces fine mist at room temperature, or within 35 degrees.

The power consumption of ultrasonic humidifiers is 150 W, while they have a capacity of 6-15 liters per day. Such humidifiers are equipped with a hygrometer, which should monitor the level of humidity in the room.

It is important to note that only distilled water must be used for ultrasonic humidifiers. It also uses filters pre-cleaning, which need to be changed periodically due to their wear, as white spots may appear on surrounding objects due to salts accumulated in the water. Another important advice: never disregard the manufacturer's advice, do not leave water in the humidifier if you do not use it for a long time, because as a result, bacteria will begin to multiply in stagnant water, which will lead to bad smell after turning on the humidifier. If you still forgot to pour out the water, then before turning on the humidifier, you need to wash it well, including the filter, and fill it with clean water. This applies to almost all household humidifiers.

Ultrasonic humidifiers are expensive and not very expensive. Choosing inexpensive model, you can safely trust such manufacturers as Vitek, Scarlett, Tefal, VES, Polaris. These manufacturers also produce more expensive models (up to $250) equipped with a humidity controller, aromatization function, a timer, a control panel and a liquid crystal display.

When choosing any particular model, you should always pay attention to such important points:

The service area of a household humidifier should not be larger than the area of the room in which it is located. It makes no sense to buy a device with a spray area of 50-60 sq.m if the room has an area of only 15 sq.m. In addition, you will not be able to adjust the microclimate in all rooms of the room at once with the help of one humidifier. In any case, you will have to move the device from place to place.
Compact ultrasonic humidifiers have a small water tank - up to 5 liters. With a larger capacity, the device will be large in size. 5 liters is enough for the humidifier to work all night. In addition, if the instructions for use indicate how much air the humidifier can let through, then it is desirable that all the air in the room passes through it at least 2 times per hour.
Maintaining the humidity at a given level, the humidifier allows you not to over-moisten the air, prevents the occurrence of dampness in the room.
Household humidifiers vary in power consumption, although they are generally economical. The higher the power, the faster the humidification of the room occurs and the microclimate improves. However, this results in more energy consumption. So, when choosing a humidifier model, you need to decide what is more important for you - efficiency or performance.
The water consumption of most humidifiers ranges from 8 to 12 liters per day, and this is quite enough to maintain a normal microclimate in the room. The amount of water evaporated is measured in grams per hour or liters per day.
For convenience, some humidifiers are equipped with timers, for example, to turn off the device after a set period of time.
The noise level can vary from 5 to 70 dB, depending on the fan speed and the design of the device. The quietest appliances are designed for the bedroom. The quieter the appliance, the more comfortable it will be to sleep when the humidifier is running. Some models are equipped with switches for quieter operation. For example, the Air Comfort D-103 humidifier has a "sleep" mode.
The humidifier may be supplied with a pre-filter, which is a coarse mechanical filter to hold large impurities. For air purification from pathogenic bacteria, fungal spores, dust mites, etc. thinner photocatalytic and electrostatic filters are designed. Photocatalytic filters are new modern technologies, and are considered the best of all invented filters, and are also distinguished by their reliability and durability.
When using a humidifier, use water recommended by the manufacturer. Do not pour tap water into a device designed only for the use of distilled water.

When choosing a humidifier for your home, the first thing you need to pay attention to is its efficiency and reliability. But sometimes one of the decisive moments in choosing a device can also be its appearance, which simply must harmoniously fit into the interior of the room. The modern market of technical innovations offers wide selection household humidifiers for your home, with a range of useful features, all kinds of shapes and colors. Make the right choice, and your home will always have a good microclimate!

The moisture concentration in the premises should be constantly monitored, taking measures to normalize it in case of deviation from the recommended values. The norm of air humidity in the apartment must be strictly observed to maintain health and ensure comfortable life. What is this norm and why is it important to observe it?

A person cannot determine with the help of the senses optimal values humidity in the room. Inconsistency with the norm manifests itself in the physiological state gradually, over time.

The main signs of a constant low concentration of moisture in the air of the apartment are the following:

dry skin;
fragility of nails;
loss of hair elasticity;
drying of the mucous membranes of the eyes, nasopharynx;
weakness, rapid fatigue;
disorders in the work of the heart and blood vessels arising from an increase in blood viscosity;
allergic reactions from the respiratory system.

Most quickly, symptoms of trouble can occur in a child due to insufficient development of adaptive capabilities. Allergy sufferers are especially sensitive to the moisture content in the air.

Too much moisture can also lead to backfire, which are primarily caused by the intensive reproduction of microbes, fungi, and the appearance of mold. As a result, the residents of the apartment often begin to get sick, the room is acutely damp, unpleasant odors appear.

It makes sense not to wait for the first symptoms of high humidity or dry air, but to measure it regularly, just as we always monitor the air temperature indoors and outdoors.

Basic concepts

To determine whether the humidity in the apartment is normal, you can use special devices. There are two main indicators that determine the amount of water vapor in the air:

absolute;
relative.

The absolute value indicates the mass of water in one cubic meter of air, measured in g / m3.

The relative indicator provides information on the ratio of the available moisture concentration in the air to the maximum possible value at this temperature. It is measured in percentage.

Note! It is the values of relative humidity that are indicated in the regulatory tables. They are guided by, taking readings from instruments or determining folk methods.

How more value relative humidity, the higher the concentration of water vapor in the air. In this case, temperature is of particular importance. To transfer high humidity at 20 ° is easier than at 40 °.

Instruments used to determine humidity:

several types of hygrometers;
psychrometers;
combined devices.

For home use compact devices are offered, equipped with the most simple, easy-to-understand scale. The instructions provide information on the rules of use, normal indicators for the air in the house are given.

What affects the microclimate in the room

The conditions for a comfortable stay of a person in a room are determined by several factors. We do not feel very well in rooms without sunlight, with poor sound insulation, not ventilated for a long time, containing a lot of dust.

The quality of building materials used for finishing works, environmental friendliness of furniture, the absence of background fumes from upholstery fabrics, floor coverings, interior items. Do not overload the rooms with household and computer equipment, audio and video equipment.

It must be remembered that all parameters are closely related. It is necessary to monitor not only humidity, but also temperature, air ventilation, and lighting. Accumulation of dust, dirt should not be allowed, because even if the humidity standards in a polluted room are observed, bacteria and dust mites will multiply more intensively.

Note! The normative parameters of the microclimate in residential premises are regulated by GOST 30494-2011.

The temperature in the room is usually quantified. Ideal temperature conditions correspond to the range from 20 to 22 ℃. Sanitary requirements it is allowed to decrease the indicator in the cold season to 18 ℃. It's interesting that Maximum temperature air in the apartment, allowed in summer, is 28 ℃. More warm air takes us out of our comfort zone.

The standards stipulate the permissible temperature difference, which between walls and air cannot exceed 3 ℃, and between the floor and air - 2 ℃.

It is interesting that the same great importance in sanitary standards it is given to the speed of air movement. In the living room in summer and spring, it cannot exceed 0.3 m / s, in cold weather - 0.2 m / s. Therefore, sanitary doctors do not recommend arranging drafts in apartments.

Humidity standards in rooms

Permissible humidity indicators in the premises are limited by the quantitative values \u200b\u200bspecified in SanPiN. During checks, measurements are carried out in accordance with the methods of GOST. Permissible values for housing located in different climatic zones differ, the required standards are not the same and in different times of the year.

Summer and winter

Sanitary standards regulate the maximum relative humidity value allowed in living rooms, which in summer is 65%, and in the cold season - 60%.

Physiologists pay attention to the need to control the minimum indicators, which at any time of the year should not be less than 40%. It is believed that ideal parameters for living rooms should have average values between 40% and 60%.

In winter, when heating a room, whether it is a private house or an apartment, the humidity can drop sharply due to overdry air. This must be monitored, if necessary, including a humidifier, opening a window for ventilation or installing baths with water.

In separate rooms

Sanitary standards stipulate relative humidity in any living rooms, including bedrooms, without specifying them special purpose. However, pediatricians voice their opinion regarding the microclimate in the child's room.

In some diseases, dry heat is useful, but it is usually applied not to the room, but to individual parts of the body. In this case, it is better to consult a doctor. Properly selected temperature and humidity parameters will contribute to a quick recovery.

The temperature in the child's room should not be higher than 25 ℃, optimally 22 degrees. It is recommended to ventilate the room several times a day. Newborns are especially vulnerable to violation of normative parameters. Low humidity makes them especially sensitive to microbes, and high humidity causes overheating and diaper rash.

For kitchens, bathrooms, combined bathrooms, toilets and pantries, relative humidity values are not standardized by sanitary standards. Do not allow them to be constantly waterlogged, as this will lead to the development of mold and bacteria. Therefore, hoods are installed in bathrooms and kitchens, and the temperature is monitored in pantries.

Relative humidity measurement

No one doubts the need to periodically determine the relative moisture content in the air of an apartment. The easiest way to do this is to buy a special device for home use. It is easy to use and has instructions with explanations. Regardless of the principle of operation, with its help you can easily and quickly obtain the value of interest, compare it with the standard.

If there is no device, and the humidity indicator needs to be determined, you can use folk methods. They give a fairly complete picture of the microclimate in the apartment.

The easiest method is to hang wet laundry in the room. If it dries in 1.5 hours, then the air in the room is too dry.

It is useful to observe indoor plants. With low humidity, the soil in pots quickly dries out, and the tips of the leaves begin to turn yellow.

An interesting tip is about how to determine the moisture content using an open flame of a candle or a lighter. It is believed that if the flame burns vertically, then the humidity is normal, and the fluctuations of the fire from side to side allegedly indicate a lack of moisture in the room. The idea from the point of view of the laws of physics is very doubtful. Flame fluctuation can be caused by several factors, of which moisture concentration comes last.

Experiments with water and cone

A simple method using water in a cup or glass is reliable. The liquid container must be placed in freezer, soak for several hours until the water temperature reaches 5 ℃. If you put the cup in the freezer for a few minutes and the water freezes, it's okay, you can experiment with ice.

Then the cup must be placed on the table in the room and observed. Condensation will appear very quickly on the walls. The observations are then interpreted as follows:

at fast drying– humidity is reduced;
within 5 minutes there was no change in the condensate - the humidity is normal;
drops flow down the walls of the cup - the humidity is increased.

An interesting way to determine the moisture concentration requires the presence of a spruce cone. It should be placed in a room away from heating equipment watch her for a few minutes. Surrounded by dry air, the cone will open, wet air will shrink tightly.

After clarification of the humidity level, it may be necessary to adjust.

Ways to boost

In an apartment with dry air, you often need to do wet cleaning, you can leave wet towels on batteries, start an aquarium if the household has no contraindications.

The easiest way is to place water containers near the wall at least for the night. It is advisable to turn on air conditioners and heaters in such apartments as rarely as possible. You can plant indoor plants that require frequent watering and regularly monitor them, irrigate the foliage.

If you are ready to invest a small amount of money in ensuring a normal microclimate in the apartment, it is easiest to buy special humidifiers. They are inexpensive, and the effectiveness is not in doubt.

Ways to downgrade

You can reduce the moisture concentration in the apartment by frequent airing, installing an automatic microclimate control system, checking the efficiency of ventilation, installing additional fume hoods in the kitchen and bathroom. Of course, you should make repairs in the apartment in a timely manner, monitor the tightness of the pipelines, and do not dry the washed laundry in the premises.

Ultimately, any deviations in the microclimate are easily eliminated. The main thing is to remember the need to control humidity indicators, other important factors that ensure a prosperous housing atmosphere.

The degree of humidity depends on the time of year, weather conditions and regional climate - these factors determine the optimal air environment for both a particular region and a particular room. In winter, humidity drops noticeably, and in summer it becomes higher. Not only the health and well-being of people, but also the state of surrounding objects depends on air quality. Houseplants, furniture, books, parquet, wallpaper, appliances and other interior elements do not tolerate changes in humidity and may eventually become unusable.

What is the ideal and favorable air humidity should be in the apartment

The normative indicators of permissible moisture in residential buildings in the Russian Federation are prescribed by GOST and depend both on the purpose of the rooms and seasonality.

Summer . In summer, the level of moisture in the air should vary from 30 to 60%, but not exceed 70%.
Winter . During the cold period permissible value is 30-45%, maximum - 60%.

It should be noted that these standards are intended more for designers and builders of residential buildings. Their task is to build and maintain facilities with the possibility of further maintaining the most economical summer humidity indicators in winter.

Standards for individual rooms. What percentage of humidity should be kept indoors

According to the previous figures, it can be seen that in winter the level of moisture in the apartment is lower than in summer. Low humidity is due to the fact that the humidity of cold outdoor air, getting into the room, decreases when heated to room temperature. However, during the heating season, the human body needs no less moisture than in summer, so doctors recommend keeping the humidity in the house at 40-60%, regardless of the season.

Bedroom . For comfortable well-being and healthy sleep in the bedrooms, the optimal degree of humidity should be in the range of 40-55%. Try to get rid of unnecessary equipment as much as possible and ventilate the room as often as possible. To strengthen the immune system, doctors advise sleeping with the window ajar, even in the off-season or in winter.
Children's. Children overheat and freeze faster, are susceptible to infections and have a harder time with illnesses. Therefore, for the child you need to maintain the right microclimate. Dry air dries out the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx, provoking colds: runny nose, cough, bronchitis. The lack of moisture for a newborn is extremely dangerous - peeling and atopic dermatitis can form on delicate skin. The norm of air humidity in the apartment where the baby lives is 50-60%.
Living room . The largest and most spacious room in the house, where all family members spend most of their time. From 40 to 50% - this level of humidity will become comfortable not only for people, but also for pets, indoor flowers, as well as household appliances and furniture.
Kitchen, bathroom. Here, the humidity level is usually over the top. allowable norms. Cooking and water activities significantly increase the temperature and humidity. Good ventilation will help solve the problem. If the hood functions poorly, install an additional fan in it and ventilate the rooms more often, trying to achieve humidity indicators like in the living room - 40-50%.
Study . 30-40% is a sufficient level of air humidity for a home office or library. Higher rates can adversely affect books, documents, and equipment. Usually in the offices the air is dry, so a frequent task for working area is to increase the humidity in the room.
Greenhouse. If you are the lucky owner winter garden in the house, remember that, in addition to good lighting and temperature regime, plants should be provided with the necessary dose of moisture at the level of 50-70%, depending on the origin of the plants.

The table shows what relative humidity is considered normal in an apartment for each individual room at the optimum temperature.

Table - Optimal parameters humidity and temperature for individual rooms

Room	Air temperature, °C	Air humidity,%
Bedroom	16-20	40-55
Children's	18-24	50-60
Living room	18-23	40-50
Kitchen	19-22	40-50
Bathroom	21-23	40-50
Toilet	16-19	40-45
Study	18-22	30-40
Hallway	18-19	40-45
Greenhouse	16-25	50-70

During the period of acute respiratory infections in the nursery, an increase of up to 70% is allowed, however, at the same time, the temperature indicator should not reach more than 24 ° C degrees so that a tropical climate is not created.

How to measure: 4 ways

How to find out the humidity in the house and increase it, if necessary - there are four proven methods for this. The most reliable will be the use of a hygrometer - a reliable device for measuring indoor air humidity. How is humidity measured in an apartment when there is no hygrometer? Hand tools. Of course, they will not give accurate numerical data, but in general they will determine whether the air in the home needs drying or additional humidification.

Hygrometer. This device is easy to use, quickly shows the exact and absolute temperature and percentage of moisture in the atmosphere. Apparatuses are of several types: psychrometric, electronic, mechanical, condensation, hair and weight. The most convenient and accurate, according to users, is an electronic device that can be installed permanently or transferred, if necessary, from one room to another.
. Record the temperature readings on a room thermometer. Wrap the instrument head with mercury with a wet cloth or cotton swab. After five to ten minutes, write down the result. Subtract the second number from the first temperature number. Then look at the Assman table (see table below). In the vertical left column, find the first reading of the thermometer, in the horizontal top line - the second calculation. At the intersection of the numbers you will see the approximate level of moisture in your room.
Glass with water. For two to three hours, place a glass of water in refrigerator compartment by cooling the liquid to 3-5°C. At room temperature for a few minutes observe the reaction of water on the outer wall of the vessel. If in five to ten minutes the glass walls managed to fog up and dry, this indicates overdried air. The glass continues to be foggy - the humidity in the room is average, in the case when the condensate flows down in large drops - this is an indicator of too high humidity.
Fir cone. Leave the spruce cone in a room away from heat sources for several hours. In a dry atmosphere, the scales will open, with an increased degree of moisture, they will shrink tightly.

How to boost

In winter, the air in the premises dries out due to the operation of heating, in summer the air conditioner dries the atmosphere, because of this, the humidity is low and it needs to be raised. How to humidify the air in a room - special devices or time-tested folk remedies will solve the problem.

Humidifiers

The modern market offers three types of humidifiers, the principle of which is to evaporate water from a special reservoir and supply the missing moisture to the air space.

Mechanical (traditional). It functions due to the fan built inside, which carries out the air through the liquid tray, cleaning it from dust particles and moisturizing. The "minus" of the device is a high degree of noise during operation and a limited level of moisture - up to a maximum of 60%.
Steam . The principle of operation resembles a kettle, from which boiled water enters the atmosphere in the form of steam. It is allowed to use hard water - straight from the tap. However, the device is also noisy in operation, consumes a lot of electricity and requires extra care in use - hot steam can burn the skin or damage the surfaces of nearby objects.
Ultrasonic. Turns water into a vapor state thanks to a special membrane plate. It is not as noisy in operation as the first two models. The function of heating the liquid is capable of killing pathogenic microbes in the atmosphere. It is only necessary to pour distilled water into the tank of such a device or buy cartridges to clean and soften it.

Some models of steam humidifiers are equipped with nozzles for inhalation procedures, which is very important during the period of respiratory diseases, especially if there are children at home.

home methods

The absence of a steam generator at home is not a sentence. The following three "grandfather" methods will help saturate the room with the missing moisture without a humidifier.

Water container. Arrange water containers around heating appliances or on top of the batteries, as well as on cabinets or bedside tables. Evaporating, the water will increase the humidity in the air and keep it at the right level. Replenish the water in the vessels as it evaporates.
Wet towels. During the day, moisten cloth napkins or towels and put them on the battery, repeat the procedure when the cloth dries. You can simplify the task as follows: put a container of water under the battery, lowering one end of the bandage tape folded two or three times into it, place the other end on top of the battery. Rising to the heat, the liquid will gradually evaporate, solving the problem of dry air.
Houseplants. By default, home flowers release oxygen and moisture into the atmosphere, and regular watering and frequent spraying will improve the microclimate in the rooms.

What to do if the apartment has dry air, water containers take up useful space, and there is no time to periodically moisten the towels? Get fish in an aquarium or purchase a desktop fountain with circulating water - a great decorating solution and plenty of moisture in the room.

3D rendering of a dust mite that can cause allergies.

Dry air danger

An atmosphere that is too dry creates static electricity that lifts and holds fine dust particles in the air. The result is the reproduction of dust mites and other microbes that provoke health problems.

Dryness of mucous membranes. Weakens the immune system, provokes the appearance of infectious and colds, itching, redness and burning of the eyes.
Dry skin. The first step to the appearance of dermatitis, peeling, the formation of microcracks and early wrinkles, brittle nails and brittle hair.
Disruption of the digestive system. As a result of an increase in the viscosity of the digestive juice in the stomach and intestines.
Deteriorating air quality. It entails the formation of a high concentration of allergens in the atmosphere.

One of the signs of dry air is the dried tips of the leaves of house plants. Also, with a lack of moisture in the room, synthetic clothing is electrified.

How to downgrade

When the cause of high humidity is an external source - a damp basement, a dilapidated roof, or a pond located near the dwelling, then the very reliable way- This is a repair with the use of waterproofing. If the formation of dampness is the result of your life, then the following methods will help get rid of the humidity in the house.

Air dryers

Household dehumidifiers are mobile and stationary. The performance of the device is measured by the amount of absorption of liters of water per day and varies from 12 to several hundred liters.

Compressor. The principle of operation of the device is simple: built-in fans drive moist air into the unit and pull it through the evaporator. Due to the temperature difference, moisture settles on it in the form of condensate and flows into a special receiver. The heated air enters the room again through a separate hole.
Adsorption. Such an apparatus is often referred to as a moisture absorber. The device has no moving parts, consumes no energy and is completely silent. The adsorbent substance placed inside the device absorbs moisture from the air. Moisture-saturated adsorbent should be changed periodically or in a special way release moisture from it back into the atmosphere.

Air dehumidifiers can be used in winter in unheated rooms. In case of untimely release of the container from the water, the device switches itself off.

home methods

Oil radiators can reduce humidity in a small apartment, modern air conditioners also have the function of adjusting the level of moisture in the air. But in order to achieve the maximum effect, in addition to using special devices, you should follow three simple rules.

Airing. Regular aeration reduces the amount of water vapor in the air. The more often you ventilate, the more the air space in the room dries out.
Sunlight . Don't draw the curtains. The rays of the sun effectively dry the rooms in a few hours.
Hood. In non-ventilated rooms with a high level of moisture, such as a toilet or bathroom, the installation of a quality hood is a must. The ventilation system should be equipped with metal-plastic windows in the apartment.

Dampness in the rooms is very well absorbed by lighted candles, a working hair dryer and other equipment. The correct microclimate is provided by indoor plants.

Moist air danger

Excess water vapor in the air space of rooms provokes the growth of mold, various fungi and other harmful bacteria, causing a health hazard.

chronic diseases. Dampness in a residential area provokes the occurrence and severe course of acute respiratory infections, asthma and even tuberculosis. In severe form, these diseases are difficult to cure.
Fatigue . Stuffy heavy air makes it difficult to breathe and sleep, can cause asthma attacks.
Bad smell. The reproduction of pathogenic microbes causes an unpleasant musty smell in the house, and almost immediately after airing, the feeling of fresh air is lost.
The dampness of things. Clothes, towels, bed sheets and other things in a damp room are not completely dried out, bacteria multiply on a damp fabric, and, in contact with the skin, can cause various dermatological diseases.

Regardless of the time of year, do not abuse air conditioners and heaters. Optimum air humidity in an apartment or house is easily achieved through regular ventilation, wet cleaning. A healthy microclimate in a dwelling will help to avoid chronic diseases and allergies, positively affecting the well-being of residents. Periodically check the humidity level in the rooms and keep it normal.

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Room humidity is one of the main criteria for human comfort. Along with temperature and noise, it directly affects all aspects of life, has a direct impact on well-being and health. The rate of humidity in the apartment requires constant attention. It must be monitored as well as the temperature, and maintained at an optimal level. Thus, you can not only avoid the feeling of discomfort that occurs when the amount of moisture in one way or another does not correspond to the norm, but it will also be possible to achieve a much more comfortable and relaxing homely atmosphere. You can prevent a number of diseases and even extend the life of things that are in the apartment.

Humidity matters a lot

What is air humidity? What threatens the deviation of humidity from generally accepted norms?

Humidity is of two types. Absolute humidity is water vapor contained in one cubic meter of air at a certain temperature. But such a definition is not accurate enough in everyday terms and is more suitable for meteorologists and the tasks that schoolchildren face in physics lessons. In domestic terms, the relative indicator of the norm of air humidity in the apartment is relevant.

To determine it, it is necessary to calculate the absolute real amount of water in the atmosphere and the maximum possible level of humidity at a certain temperature. By calculating the actual amount of moisture and knowing the norms for comfortable well-being, you can improve the quality of life in any residential area.

Both too high and too low humidity are equally dangerous for human health. Due to dry air, moisture from the body is lost through the skin, as well as through the respiratory tract, which accompanies the drying of the mucous membranes. As a result, there is a burning sensation in the eyes, and vision deteriorates over time.

The hair and skin become thinner and break easily, the blood becomes thicker, causing more frequent headaches and a state of weakness. Of particular danger are the various allergens with which the air is saturated - their number greatly increases with a decrease in humidity, since they are not bound by moisture drops.

Too much moisture is just as dangerous as too little moisture. In a room that is too humid, mold and various types of fungi actively develop, which pose a particular danger to human health. They can provoke various SARS and other diseases that can be difficult to cure in such an environment. As a result of excess moisture in the apartment, it becomes stuffy, any unpleasant smell is felt stronger and is poorly weathered.

Related article:

Air dehumidifier for an apartment: prices, reviews. With the help of this article, you can choose the right device for an apartment: prices, owner reviews and other data will be useful for a comprehensive analysis and the right choice.

The norm of air humidity in the apartment. Factors that affect this indicator

The concept of “norm” for air humidity in an apartment is rather vague and not all inhabitants understand what is at stake. Understanding what humidity is considered normal in an apartment is not so difficult. The norm is determined by several characteristics. The main ones are: the season, the purpose of the room in which the measurement is carried out, as well as climate zone where the housing is located. It is worth remembering that relative humidity is a relevant indicator only for the main premises. Corridors and closets, toilets and bathrooms are not included.

The norms apply only to living rooms and kitchen

For a dwelling, in the warm season, the normal amount of moisture is from 30% to 60%. 65% is already considered too high. But for some regions in which atmospheric humidity is initially high, the norm can be much higher - the maximum allowable value rises to 75%.For a similar room, but in the cold season, the permissible humidity level is 30-40%. At the same time, its maximum level should not exceed more than 60%.

Important! You should be attentive to what should be the humidity in the apartment, if it has infant. The fact is that for children, whose rate of biochemical processes, metabolism and heat transfer is higher than in adults, it is necessary to create special conditions for their stay. The microclimate has a strong influence on them, the component of interest to us should correspond to an indicator of 50-70%, and if the child is also sick with ARVI, then this indicator should not fall below 60%.

Overview of devices for measuring the level of humidity in the room

Having learned about what humidity is, what it is and the standards that it must meet, it's time to learn how to measure the humidity in the room. There are several ways to do this:

Hygrometer. Depending on the model and the complexity of the mechanism, it allows you to determine the percentage of moisture with an error from zero to 5%. For home use, there are enough cheap devices that are combined with.

Assaman table also allows you to measure humidity with a small error - for this you need only a psychrometer - a device that can be made independently from an alcohol thermometer. To get the data, you need to take two measurements. First, measure the temperature with a simple thermometer, and then repeat the measurement with the same thermometer wrapped in a damp cloth. After, using the table, you need to find the values \u200b\u200bof the readings of a dry thermometer with the difference in temperature measurements.

You can get the necessary information using a simple fir cone. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that, located far from the heaters, it widely opens the scales, indicating a reduced amount of moisture and tightly compresses them at high humidity.

Note! Misted windows indicate that the apartment has an extremely high concentration of moisture. If puddles gather on the windowsill under the windows, all possible measures should be taken urgently to normalize the situation.

To achieve normal humidity in the apartment, you should use several tricks. So, to reduce humidity, you need to ventilate the premises as often as possible or use. Clothes should be dried outside, and the apartment should be ventilated using a fan in the bathroom. But best solution problems, as an addition to other methods of fixing the problem, there will be an installation of a device for collecting excess moisture.

An aquarium and a large number of plants will help to increase the level of moisture. At the same time, it is necessary to reduce the use of heating devices, and to increase the effectiveness of the measures taken, you can hang wet towels on radiators. The best solution would be an automatic humidification device.

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