Growing clematis at home. Features of plant propagation by cuttings. Features of propagation of clematis by cuttings

Many flower growers dream of collecting their own collection of magnificent clematis, but sometimes it is not easy to find young plants of the right variety for sale. Possessing the skills of grafting and rooting cuttings, you can grow high-quality seedlings on your own.

Species clematis (alpine, virginian, paniculate and others) are relatively easy to propagate by cuttings and seeds, while retaining all parental characteristics. Decorative large-flowered forms, which are especially popular, are much more difficult to propagate. Hybrid forms, as a rule, do not set seeds, and if they can be obtained, then the plants do not inherit varietal characteristics. In this case, you can use the reproduction of clematis with green cuttings.

It is easiest to root cuttings from the shoots of the current year. They are cut from fairly young bushes during active growth and during the budding period. From clematis blooming on last year's shoots, cuttings can be cut not only before flowering, but also after it, while they can be rooted even in open ground.

During spring pruning, cuttings are cut from healthy bushes at the age of 4-5 years. Before the operation is carried out foliar top dressing plants, in this case, the cuttings take root better. Ripe shoots ready for cuttings become elastic and do not break at the fold. They are cut off completely, leaving only 1-3 internodes. At the same time, no more than a third of the lashes are removed so as not to weaken the plant. After pruning, the uterine bushes are fed with full mineral fertilizer and carefully care for them throughout the growing season.

The top of the shoots is very weak and not suitable for cuttings, so it is removed, and the middle part is cut into pieces with one, less often two internodes in each. The upper cut is made at a height of 1.5-2 cm above the kidney, it should be straight. Departing from the kidney down by 4-5 cm, make a lower oblique cut. On cuttings with two internodes, the lower pair of leaves is removed, and upper leaves shortened by a third or half.

Prepared cuttings are immersed in a solution of heteroacusin (100 mg per 1 liter of water) and kept for 12-16 hours. You can simply sprinkle the lower sections with root.

The cuttings are planted in small boxes, pots or greenhouses, pre-filled with a mixture of sand and peat, which are mixed in a ratio of 2:1 or 1:1. To prevent rot, the substrate must be disinfected. The cuttings are placed so that top part kidneys remained on the surface, and the lower one was at a depth of 2-3 mm. Then new roots are formed not only on the lower cut, but also in the node, and sometimes even under it.
Plantings are sprayed with soft water, covered with glass and be sure to shade from direct sun rays. But it is impossible to completely close the cuttings, since intensive root formation is possible only with good lighting.

Caring for rooted cuttings

The process of root formation lasts 2-2.5 months. All this time it is necessary to maintain constant air humidity (85-90%) and soil. Optimum temperature– from 18 to 22°C. Landings are regularly aired and inspected, removing dead plants. The number of rooted cuttings largely depends on growing conditions and varieties, and can vary from 30 to 90%.

Certain types and varieties of clematis are perfectly propagated by cuttings. In this case, the cuttings are planted in individual pots, 1-2 pieces each, and placed in a greenhouse. The percentage of survival in this case will be at least 80%. In greenhouses and hotbeds, cuttings are planted quite densely, leaving 10-12 cm between rows, and 5-8 cm between plants.

During spring cuttings, rooted plants are left in the greenhouse until next spring. At the same time, the landings must be insulated: they are covered with dry foliage or sawdust, covered with frames, pieces of roofing material or film are laid on top. Saplings grown at a later date are best dug up and stored in a dark, cool room until planting.

In the spring, the plants are transplanted to a permanent place. In the first year, the growth of seedlings is limited, the buds are removed. If the seedlings from the greenhouse are transplanted into small pots, then a more powerful root system.

Good cuttings can also be obtained at the end of summer (in August-September), but at the same time they can be rooted only in closed ground.

Rooting cuttings in water

A small number of green cuttings can be rooted in water. To do this, they are tied into bundles and placed in a small dark glass container (you can wrap a transparent jar with thick paper). Use only soft water, preferably rainwater, to which pieces are added charcoal. The container is filled with water so that the lower sections of the cuttings barely touch its surface. Care must be taken to ensure that the water level does not drop.

A container with cuttings is installed in a transparent Plastic container or a bottle cut in half, where they are created ideal conditions for rooting. The container is left in a bright room (but not in direct sunlight) at a temperature of about 22-25°C. In this case, the cuttings take root in 2-2.5 months.

After the roots have reached a length of 2.5-3 cm, the cuttings are planted in separate pots, placing one plant in each. Pots are placed in a greenhouse or greenhouse, where ideal conditions are created for the further growth of clematis - high humidity air and soil and optimum temperature.

Fogging machine

With the help of special fogging plants, green cuttings can be rooted even on an industrial scale.

Young three-four-year-old bushes serve as mother liquors, which are carefully cared for throughout their life. It includes top dressing, regular abundant watering, mulching and loosening the soil around the bushes, as well as the prevention of fungal diseases. By the age of five, each mother bush has an average of up to 40 well-developed shoots. From each shoot, you can get from 6 to 10 cuttings.

AT different regions cuttings are started at different times: in the south, the budding period falls on May-June, in the more northern regions - in June-July. The determining factor is the ripeness of the shoots - if they are elastic, easy to bend, but do not break, you can start cuttings.

Separate ridges are prepared for planting. Sand, black soil and high-moor peat are mixed in a ratio of 1 × 1 × 1 and poured with a layer of 15-20 cm. A layer of sand 2-3 cm thick is laid on top.

The cuttings are soaked in a solution of growth stimulants (using heteroauxin, sodium humate, succinic acid). This significantly increases the survival rate of cuttings. But it is possible to cut and without the use of synthetic stimulants.

Subject to the use of fogging installations, cuttings can be started in the southern regions from early spring. Each batch of cuttings takes root within 20-30 days. By the end of the growing season, early spring cuttings form a powerful root system and aerial part.

Young clematis are transplanted into separate containers with a volume of at least 1.5-2 liters and put in a greenhouse, mulched with sawdust and watered. In the spring of the following year (March-April), strong shoots grow on the seedlings, which are often also used for cuttings. In May, clematis are planted in a permanent place.

Rooting cuttings in closed ground

AT middle lane green cuttings are rooted in greenhouses or greenhouses. Planting material is prepared from April to June. Cut cuttings 4-5 cm long with one internode and plant them in a nutrient substrate, which is prepared from high-moor peat, river sand, perlite and fertile land. Rows are placed at a distance of 7-8 cm, 3-4 cm are left between plants in a row.

Plantings are watered once a week, several times a day they must be sprayed. In hot weather, up to 5 sprays are carried out. Under such conditions, the cuttings normally take root in 2-2.5 months.

In regions with unfavorable weather conditions you can use the method developed in Belarus. From May to June, cuttings 7-8 cm long are cut with one knot and rooted in greenhouses or in greenhouses using a fogging installation. A substrate is prepared from sand, peat and chernozem, taken in equal quantities, and a layer 15-20 cm thick is poured. Sand, perlite or fine gravel (4 cm) are added on top.

The cuttings are soaked in a solution of stimulants, which increase the survival rate by 1.5-2 times. Rows are marked at a distance of 10-12 cm from another and cuttings are planted, placing them obliquely. There should be 4-5 cm between adjacent plants.

The surface of the substrate is compacted and the plantings are watered. At high air humidity and a temperature of 18-20°C, a strong root system and a well-developed aerial part with several shoots are formed by the end of summer.

No less interesting is the method developed in Japan. It is used for breeding large-flowered clematis. Shoots for cuttings are cut from young clematis obtained from green cuttings in the previous season. 2-3 nodes are left on the plants, from which a new powerful bush is formed by the beginning of next year, suitable for planting in the ground. In this case, there is no need to specially grow mother plants.

Lignified cuttings of some small-flowered clematis take root well in greenhouses (in November-December) or in early spring in open ground.

Sometimes cuttings cut from large-flowered varietal clematis do not take root, in which case it is better to use other methods of reproduction: grafting on the roots, dividing the bush, reproduction by horizontal and vertical layering.

Clematis belong to the ranunculus family, represented by a wide variety of species, which include tree, shrub and herbaceous plants.

These flowers prefer abundant watering and good light and bloom from early spring until the first frost. The plant actively develops and grows on alkaline soils, which are well protected from the wind.

The main features of the structure of clematis

The root system of clematis performs not only a mechanical function, but also absorbs nutrients and organic nutrients from the incoming moisture. Depending on the structure, tree roots can be represented the following types, which include:

1. Rod. Development occurs from the embryonic roots and are considered the simplest. Therefore, the reproduction of clematis involves their careful strengthening due to the absence of secondary processes.

2. Secondary. Their development comes from the buds of the stems.

3. Fibrous. characteristic of most varieties, transfer passes without any complications.

The stem of a plant is the main organ that connects the root system with the leaves. The buds are located in the axil of the leaf, there are vegetative, generative and mixed. The leaf can be simple or complex, and the flowers consist of stamens, pistils and perianth.

How clematis propagate

This plant has the following methods of propagation of clematis, which include:

Use of seeds;
cuttings;
layering;
division of the bush.

Features of using clematis seeds

Reproduction of clematis by seeds is carried out in the process of their selection or by natural pollination of wild species. Seed ripening occurs, as a rule, within three months, and their period corresponds to the flowering period, which occurs at the end of May.

Clematis seeds begin to ripen from mid-autumn, and they come in different size. Depending on the mass of the seed and the period of its ripening, they are divided into subgroups.

Which include:

1. Large-fruited. The size of the seeds is from 6x5 to 12x10 mm. They are characterized by uneven germination and a long period. Mostly the first sprouts sprout after about one year. Germination is 4 years.

2. Medium. Fruit size 6×5 mm, germination - 3 years, which occurs in 3-6 months.

3. Small. Dimensions up to 5 × 3 mm, and germination from 20 days to 4 months, which lasts for up to two years.

In order to increase the germination period of seeds, they are washed and soaked with simultaneous exposure to air. To do this, use a glass cylinder, at the bottom of which there is a valve.

An aquarium compressor is attached to it, which supplies air through it to the cylinder. Experts recommend washing with seeds with air supply for five days, while changing the water 4 times.

The sowing date depends on the size of the fruit, and the seeds are sown in prepared pots after the autumn harvest. The containers are placed in warm room to provide comfortable conditions for active germination.

Small seeds are sown in pots in March, germinate better wet than dry. They germinate in the second year, and in some cases in the first. Large-fruited plants germinate later and bloom mainly in the third year.

Vegetative reproduction of a flower

This method is based on the ability to restore missing plant organs (shoots, buds or roots). The main advantages of the vegetative method include:

Faster budding and seed germination;
homogeneity at the genetic and physiological level;
the ability to self-renewal as a result of the loss of any upper organ;
longevity and endurance of the flower;
opportunity to protect young plant from viral and other dangerous diseases.

To vegetative methods includes grafting, cuttings, the use of layering, as well as the division of bushes. Each method has its own characteristics, and in order to get a healthy and strong plant, you should know how to propagate clematis, while observing the planting technology.

Grafting and cuttings of clematis

It is believed that vaccination is one of the most common methods and differs from other methods in the presence of a large number of positive aspects. It is possible to graft the plant throughout the year to ensure uniformity of work. With this method, it is possible to obtain from one plant the maximum number planting material.

The essence of grafting is that the roots of the stock perform their functions until the scion has its own root system. This process consists of several stages, which include the heterotrophic period, the time of formation of scar tissue and the stage of thorough fusion.

Propagation of clematis by cuttings is carried out by cutting cuttings from the main plant, and it is better to take root shoots of the current year. They are cut off during the formation of buds, when they contain the most big number biostimulants.

It is necessary to comply with agrotechnical care rules behind the main plant and fertilize it thoroughly. During active growth, grassy cuttings are cut, and lignified ones - in the autumn months, which account for the dormant period.

Cuttings are carried out from March to early autumn inclusive, while green shoots are cut from a young growing plant. Cuttings cut in summer are rooted in open ground, and autumn ones in a greenhouse.

It is not recommended to cut more than one third of the shoots from the mother plant at a time, in order to avoid disrupting the vital functions of the organs. After pruning clematis should be fertilized with special fertilizers. The air must be humid, so the cuttings are covered with a film, and to constantly maintain humidity, perform regular watering and spraying.

Reproduction by layering and division of bushes

Reproduction of clematis by layering is the most simple ways and occurs in two ways, which include:
1. Ordinary vertical layers. feature this method is the absence of damage to the flowering of the bush, while one part of the shoots is directed upwards;

2. Chinese horizontal layers. The essence of the method is to place a part of the shoot in a dug small groove, from above it is covered with earth, while the other end remains outside. Performed in spring and autumn period, having previously fertilized the bush chosen for propagation by layering.

There is another way, which is less commonly used and is called aerial breeding layering. This method propagates mainly herbaceous and semi-shrub varieties.

Adult bushes are divided into 5-20 parts, and the process depends on the ability of clematis to bush. The division of the bushes is necessary in order to ensure best quality flowering and flower growth.

Flowers are propagated only with a healthy root system, while a trench is dug out on one side of the bush and the separated part of the plant is placed in it. A prerequisite is a thorough examination of the roots for possible damage to them by various diseases.

How to propagate clematis

Clematis species growing in nature are propagated by seeds. They can be divided into two groups. Clematis with small seeds enclosed in fruits 3x1.5 mm in size (virginsky, grape-leaved, mountain, etc.) germinate relatively quickly. When sown in late April - May shoots appear in May - June. The seeds of these clematis can be sown directly in open ground.

Other clematis (for example, burning, paniculate) form larger fruits (up to 10x8 mm), and the seeds in them are larger. They require more time to germinate (120 days) and therefore need to be stratified before sowing. To do this, immediately after harvest in October, the seeds are mixed with sand in a ratio of 1:3.

The mixture is moistened and taken out under the snow or placed in a refrigerator, where it is kept at a temperature of about 5 ° C. This technique reduces the germination time to 70 days.

After stratification for 2-2.5 months, clematis seeds are sown in pots or boxes with a mixture of fertile soil and sand in a ratio of 2:1. The crops are rolled, covered with sand (a layer of 0.5 cm), rolled again, watered, covered with foil and left in a warm room. When shoots appear, the film is removed. After the formation of 2-3 pairs of leaves, they are transplanted into separate pots.

In early June, they are planted for growing in open ground, deepening root collar by 2-3 cm.

Seedlings are planted in a nutrient mixture consisting of humus, leafy soil, sand and peat in a ratio of 1: 1: 0.5: 0.5. Quickly germinating small seeds are sown in the same soil mixture at the end of May.

When 2-3 leaves are formed, they are thinned out, leaving 5 cm between plants. Clematis seedlings are immediately planted after 5 cm, leaving 25-30 between rows. Shade after planting.

Further care is the same for both seedlings transplanted from pots and seeds sown in the garden. Water when the topsoil dries out. After the formation of 5-7 pairs of leaves, the row-spacing is mulched with half-rotted manure, sprinkled with peat (layer up to 3 cm).

They are planted in a permanent place next autumn or spring after overwintering. When transplanting, the root neck is deepened by 5-10 cm. By winter, the plants are cut and spud, then covered with snow. At seed propagation after 2-3 years you can admire flowering vines.

Clematis reproduce in two main ways. it vegetative reproduction and seed.
For breeding hybrid clematis with large flowers, the seed method is not suitable, because grown plants do not have the properties and characteristics that were originally intended for them. seed way propagate clematis with small flowers.
The simplest and accessible way Clematis propagation is the division of bushes. Bushes are divided on the 5th or 6th year after planting, in spring or autumn. The bush is dug up and divided into several parts. After that, each part is planted according to all the landing rules.
If the bush is very large, it is dug up on one side and parts of the plant with the root are separated with a shovel.

The advantage of this method is that clematis bloom very quickly. But there are also disadvantages: diseases are transmitted to new seedlings, and in some cases, bushes do not take root well due to the fact that the balance of the root system and shoots is disturbed.
Another way to propagate clematis is to propagate by layering. To do this, grooves are dug from the bush, into which side shoots are laid, after which they are pressed with brackets of their wire and covered with soil and peat. After a year, the shoots take root and are subject to self-planting.
The advantage of this method is that the new plant has all the qualities of the mother bush, including its ornamental flowering. And from shortcomings - transmission diseases and the inability to use for industrial purposes.

Propagation of clematis by cuttings
To obtain a large number of seedlings, gardeners use the method of clematis cuttings.
Cuttings of clematis
occurs in winter, spring and summer.
For this method, green or lignified cuttings are used. For getting good result growth stimulants are used, such as heteroauxin or anapthylacetic acid, or root or epin. During the cutting process, it is necessary to maintain a certain humidity of the air, and the temperature should not be lower than 10 degrees and not higher than 20. The cuttings take root very well when the fogging apparatus is in operation. Cuttings should be protected from overheating, direct exposure to the sun, from drying out and high humidity.

The main advantage of this method is to obtain healthy seedlings that develop on their own root system.
Reproduction of clematis seeds
To begin with, the seeds are sorted, large seeds are selected and sown in the fall, as soon as they are harvested, or in the spring, after having previously stratified for 2.5-3 months at a temperature of 0-5 ° C. If sowing is done in seedling boxes or pots, then the earth mixture should contain from 30 to 50% sand. Seeds are not densely poured on earth mixture and sprinkle with a layer of sand, the sand is crushed. A comfortable temperature for germination is 25-30 °C.
Clematis seedlings need timely watering, but if sowing is done in the ground, then weeding. After germination, seedlings need to be provided with good lighting, thermal conditions and good humidity, but they must be protected from direct sunlight. After the appearance of the first true leaves, the plants need to be picked. Picking is carried out on beds with light soil, in shading, the distance between clematis should be somewhere around 15-20 cm. As the shoots grow, they should be pinched, this contributes to the growth of the root mass and good branching of the plant.
In autumn, the grown seedlings cover, and with the onset of spring, they need to grow. To do this, they are transplanted into a prepared trench to a depth of 5-7 cm, at a distance of 40-50 cm between plants. Shoots need to be shortened to 2-3 knots. For 2-3 years after sowing, clematis are ready for planting in a permanent place, planting is done after the first flowering.

There is a lot of information on how to propagate clematis on your own in the specialized literature. Indeed, this perennial flower very popular among flower growers, and many hybrid varieties are successfully grown even in regions with an unfavorable climate. This article lists the main ways of propagating clematis, gives a description of each of them, and also talks about the main measures for caring for this perennial flower.

When is the best time to propagate clematis?

Most flower growers agree that propagation of clematis by cuttings is the best way. Indeed, it is a priority when breeding many perennial flowers. This method allows you to save during reproduction all the varietal characteristics of plants. In addition, it is possible to harvest biological material for planting not only in spring, but also in summer and autumn, when clematis can be propagated by green cuttings.

How to propagate clematis at home

In addition to cuttings, clematis can be propagated in the following ways:

layering. The procedure is carried out in early spring.
Seeds. Landing is carried out at the end of spring in open ground and in April - under a film. Seeds of wild clematis can be planted in the fall.
The division of the bush. The best time for this is autumn, but clematis bushes can be propagated by division in the spring, before the start of the growing season.

How to propagate clematis cuttings

If you properly prepare the cuttings and comply with all planting conditions, the survival rate of clematis will be maintained for a very long time. high level. In this case, for reproduction as a donor, you should choose a bush no older than 5 years. He must be healthy, well developed. In order to properly make cuttings, you will need:

secateurs;
cutting board or just a piece of plywood.

In addition, you will need a special container for planting cuttings filled with nutrient soil, as well as a root growth stimulator, for example, Kornevin or Kornerost.

Propagation of clematis by cuttings in spring

In spring, clematis bushes at least 2 years old can be used for cuttings. Long elastic vines can be used as material for cuttings. Average length one cut branch is usually 0.8-1m.

Important! From one mother bush, no more than 1/3 of all shoots can be cut for cuttings.

Reproduction of clematis cuttings in summer

Cuttings of clematis in summer are usually carried out in the last decade of June or early July. Many flower growers consider this period good time for reproduction. Harvesting and cutting cuttings of clematis during this period does not differ from spring work. In summer, they can be planted in open ground, but it must be borne in mind that rooting takes place better in partial shade. Therefore, the cuttings must be shaded.

Propagation of clematis by cuttings in autumn

Cuttings of clematis in autumn are made from its flowering vines. Cutting and preparation of cuttings is standard. You can plant them only under the film.

How to propagate clematis by layering

Reproduction of clematis by layering is a fairly simple way. To do this, in early spring, you need to choose a good flexible shoot, lay it in a specially prepared groove and fix it on the ground. A separate clematis bush will begin to develop from each internode. After it grows to 10-15 cm, the mother shoot can be covered with earth. During the summer, the bushes should be watered regularly, and in the fall they should be mulched.

You need to separate them from the mother plant in the spring, after they have overwintered together. The mother shoot must be carefully cut with a shovel, digging up young clematis bushes one at a time and planting them in a new place.

Important! You can not pull on the mother's shoot, this will lead to the separation of the roots of young bushes.

How to propagate clematis from seeds

Most of the clematis varieties returned in the Central part of Russia are hybrid. Therefore, the most preferred method of reproduction for them is vegetative. However, clematis can also be propagated by seeds. This method is often used to propagate wild, small-flowered plants. At different varieties different size seeds differ in terms of their maturation. For example, seeds of small-seeded species can be collected 1.52 months after flowering, large-seeded species - after 2.5-4.

Reproduction of clematis by seeds at home is not difficult. Landing is carried out in open ground to a depth of 1 cm in late April or early May. Before planting, it is advisable to soak the seeds in water for three days. Their germination period can be from 2.5 to 6 weeks, depending on the species.

If the seeds are subjected to stratification, they can be planted in April not in a greenhouse, but immediately at a permanent place of cultivation, without shelter. For hardening, seeds after soaking are covered with wet sand and placed in a refrigerator for storage. Many flower growers plant seeds in the fall, as close as possible to the natural growth cycle. In this case, stratification takes place in a natural way.

Important! With a shortage of planting material, seeds can be planted in March and germinated at home or in a greenhouse.

How to propagate clematis by dividing a bush

Like most perennial shrubs, clematis can be propagated by dividing the mother bush into parts. Moreover, for this flower, such a procedure is useful, since over time its root system increases significantly in size. There is literally no earth left between the roots, and the bush begins to lack nutrients and moisture. At the same time, the flowers become smaller, and the plant itself takes on a wild, unkempt appearance.

It is preferable to divide clematis that have not reached the age of seven. This is both a method of reproduction and a procedure that allows you to rejuvenate the bush. You can divide the bushes in the spring, before the plants have entered the growing season, and also in the fall, which is more correct.

Important! spring breeding dividing the bush shifts the flowering time of the bushes by about 1.5-2 weeks.

Before dividing the bush, all shoots are cut off, leaving only small stumps, on which there should be two or three pairs of buds. The plant is completely dug up, while the earth on the roots can not be shaken off. The division is made with a sharp knife through the center of the bush. On each of the divisions there should be enough roots, as well as 1-2 renewal buds. After that, the separated parts of the plant are planted in landing pits, while the first node should be 10-12 cm below the soil level.

It is possible to divide a clematis bush without completely digging it out. To do this, they dig a spacious hole on the side of the mother bush, so that the roots are exposed. After that, clematis is divided with a knife so that each division has shoots with a developed root system.

How to root clematis from cuttings

The easiest way to cut the cuttings is a sharp knife and cutting board. This procedure is carried out according to the following scheme:

The escape is on the board.
With a sharp knife, cuts are made 1 cm above and 5 cm below the internode.
Of the two leaves growing from the internode, one must be left, the second can be cut off.

In this way, several cuttings can be obtained from one shoot.

Rooting clematis cuttings in water

You can root a clematis cutting in ordinary water. To do this, it is placed in a container of water so that only the lower part is immersed. To reduce the evaporation of moisture, the sheet plate is cut in half. It is very important that the water level is constantly at the same value, this must be monitored and topped up regularly. There can be several cuttings in one bank at the same time.

Important! Cuttings take root better in partial shade, so the jar needs to be wrapped with a sheet of paper.

The light in the room in which the jars with cuttings are located must be dimmed. In 1.5-2 months, the length of the roots will reach 4-5 cm. After that, the cuttings need to be transplanted into the soil, containers or greenhouse. Keeping them further in the water is strictly not recommended, as this can lead to their death.

Rooting in the ground

For planting cuttings, it is better to use special containers that can be closed from above. transparent material. They are filled with soil mixture or nutrient soil purchased at the store.

Important! The soil mixture can be made independently by mixing sand and peat in equal proportions.

For disinfection, the soil can be scalded hot water or spray with a solution of potassium permanganate, diluted to a dark pink color.

The harvested cuttings are treated with a root growth stimulator, keeping the cuttings in it for 10-12 hours, and then planted in the ground to a depth of about 0.5 cm. The interval between adjacent cuttings should be at least 5 cm. After planting is completed, the plants and the soil are moistened, then the container is closed with a plastic bag or film.

The necessary conditions for the normal survival of clematis are the following:

Air temperature + 18-20 °С.
Air humidity 90%.
Soil moisture 30%.

Excessive humidity, as well as elevated temperature, can lead to the death of the cuttings.

Further care

For good rooting by cuttings, appropriate conditions are needed. They need to be watered regularly, as well as to ensure the ambient temperature is within + 20-22 ° C. Containers with cuttings must be regularly ventilated, for this polyethylene film removed for the time being.

After 1-2 months, the cuttings will have their own root system. At this time, they are seated in separate containers and placed for growing. In autumn, young clematis are removed to the cellar, and in spring they are planted in a permanent place.

Important! In the first year after planting, it is necessary to pinch the shoots and prevent the bush from flowering. This will significantly strengthen its root system.

Conclusion

How to propagate clematis, which method to use - this decision must be made by the grower himself based on his knowledge and experience. Many consider this perennial to be a rather capricious plant that requires increased care, but this is not so. Even a novice florist can bring clematis out of cuttings at home, because existing methods the reproductions listed in this article are simple and affordable.

The market for offering clematis varieties is very large, but the price is also high. Most often, if you purchase a varietal clematis, then you hope to propagate it.

For fruitful cultivation and reproduction, it is necessary to take into account the requirement of this culture for the conditions environment. This plant prefers sunny places, without drafts.

The soil is favorable loamy, slightly alkaline or neutral, fertile, well fertilized and loose. Not suitable for clematis acidic soils. It should also be taken into account that natural fertilizer hurts clematis.

Propagation of clematis by cuttings

The most fast way reproduce new shoots of the plant. Cuttings must be started before flowering, since from flowering plants cuttings take root worse.

But at the same time, it would not be bad to have time to prepare cuttings from a plant with buds, because natural biostimulants are very active.

Cuttings can be done later, but it will be less effective, because the plants will take root worse.

Cuttings are best cut in the morning, this will help protect the plant from dehydration. It's better to do it in cloudy weather, late evening hours are also favorable. It is not recommended to cut many shoots from the bush at once. There should be no more than a third of them at a time.

The middle part of the shoot is most suitable for grafting, since the upper part usually does not have buds, and the lower part is too hard and takes root poorly due to this. Cuttings with one node are best rooted.

To speed up the cuttings, they are treated with a solution for biostimulation of growth (Kornevin, etc.).

As a place for rooting, you can use a greenhouse, a greenhouse or a pot with a mixture of peat and sand.

Cuttings take root better in diffused light, so it is better to use a special film that protects the plants from overheating, but does not create a large amount of condensate.

You need to plant at a distance of five centimeters and a distance between rows of ten centimeters. Deepens the cutting by 1-2 cm to protect the kidneys from drought.

The main condition for the successful engraftment of the cuttings is uniform soil moisture and high air humidity. It is advisable to spray the plant frequently to prevent drying out.

Watering requires daily, and after a month you can reduce watering to 2 times a week. They take root in about 50 days.

We leave it in a greenhouse until spring, covering it with sawdust for winter insulation, in the spring we plant it in prepared beds in order to green cuttings grown to the desired size, and in the fall we transfer the plant to where it will grow constantly. Approximately 60 percent of all planted clematis take root.

You can also try to use the method of spring cuttings, for this, around the middle of May, the shoots are planted in the shade, pinch the tops and cover with transparent glass containers. By autumn, the cuttings already have a good root system.

Reproduction by layering

It is quite easy to grow this plant from cuttings, but it takes a longer period of time.

There are several options for receiving withdrawals:

1. Fertilize bushes up to 2-3 leaves. It is necessary to exclude soil shedding, therefore it is customary to use special cylinders.

In about a year or two, the plant will develop another root, with which the shoots can be separated and planted elsewhere, while cutting the top to the second node.

2. Most simple method can be called horizontal layers. They are best done in autumn or late spring. Near the base of the bush, a groove is made up to two meters long and about 8 centimeters deep.

The shoot must be laid in it, while checking that the top with developed buds is on the surface. Otherwise, clematis will not germinate.

Such layering requires thorough abundant watering and well-loosened soil. Shoots with roots are separated in the fall or at the beginning of the next season, they are cleaned from the ground, divided into separate bushes and transplanted to a permanent place of growth.

Reproduction by dividing the bush

A good way to propagate both varietal and clematis hybrids. It is used after 5-6 years of growing the plant.

Plants begin to divide a month before frost or in the spring before buds appear. It is worth remembering that plants divided in this way do not take root very well, so you need to fertilize the plant in a timely manner in a year so that new young roots form on the shoots.

It is necessary to carefully dig the bush without damaging the roots, shake off the excess earth and divide the bush into several parts. Pay attention that each part has buds and a good root system. Use a knife if necessary.

When old bush it is difficult to dig out the whole thing; you need to dig a root from one of its sides and slightly trim part of the rhizome. In the resulting recess we fall asleep new, fruitful earth. On the next year we repeat all this, but on the other side of the bush.

In this way, you can get up to five plants that will delight you with flowers in the first year.

Reproduction by seeds

Propagation by seeds is usually used to breed new varieties. Hybrid varietal plants rarely retain their qualities, which is partly good)

Seeds differ in size: large from 6 to 8 mm, can sprout within 5 years. These include small-flowered clematis and some large-flowered ones.

Clematis with smaller seeds with a diameter of 3 to 5 mm include six-petal and other varieties.

They remain viable for 3 years. The third group includes very small seeds, they germinate well, but are not durable in storage.

The best time to sow them is spring. Seeds should be sown in open ground or pots. After the appearance of the first leaf, the plant must be planted in a shady place. On the next year we plant clematis in a permanent place.

Whatever method of propagation of this beautiful plant you choose, we wish you success! You may be able to get new variety and your site will delight you with beautiful flowers.