Acrylic paint on alkyd enamel. The difference between alkyd and acrylic paint. Characteristic features of alkyd varnishes

To find out how to varnish acrylic paint, we will consider the types of varnish compositions available for repair, select the optimal ones and describe the procedure for applying it.

Different varnishes are needed, different varnishes are important

In its most general form, varnish is a liquid solution of various resins, which is applied in a thin layer to various surfaces and after drying gives them shine and protection from external influences. With the help of varnishing, a significant aesthetic effect is achieved, the service life of many products and the durability of repairs are increased. According to the area of ​​\u200b\u200buse, varnish compositions are very diverse:

• Furniture - used indoors to cover any wooden products(and not just furniture), often act finishing layer after . They can contain coloring pigments immediately or be supplemented with tinting before use, thus the wood is immediately given the desired shade already in the process of varnishing. Economical in terms of cost, but have low wear resistance;
• Parquet. Used on floors natural wood, including already processed in the factory. Parquet lacquers are compatible with parquet itself, solid boards and ordinary floorboards. Their cost is quite noticeable, as well as high abrasion resistance. The unifying property of furniture and parquet varnishes is low moisture resistance - that is why parquet, furniture and varnished floors are recommended to be wiped with mastic or special compounds, and not washed with buckets of water;
• Yachting. The antipodes of their predecessors in terms of moisture resistance, because they can resist prolonged exposure to sea spray, salty winds and ocean waves for a long time. They are used not only in shipbuilding, but also in land maintenance and repair business, for example, when varnishing garden furniture, arbors, racks for canopies made of wood or carved architraves outside windows. The cost of yacht varnish is several times higher than the price of parquet, so it must be used wisely and carefully;
• Versatile or decorative. They occupy an intermediate position between the above compositions, allow application inside and outside the premises, have moderate durability and cost.

Lacquer for water-based paint, most often, it is precisely universal. Region decorative application very wide, they are perfect for both internal repairs and for external design, therefore, the protection of these paints must have universal properties.

The main types of varnishes by composition

By studying the label (or other accompanying inscription) on the packaging of the varnish container, you can learn a lot of useful information about its components and compatibility with the paint. The formulas of varnishes and the technology for their manufacture are very diverse:

• Oil, based on organic (natural or synthetic) oils and resins. Best compatible with wood surfaces, this material absorbs oily substances well and has a high hardness after hardening. Unfortunately, the very hardening of oil varnishes can last several days;
• Alkyd - produced from alkyd resins and synthetic solvents. In terms of moisture resistance and wear resistance, they are better than oil ones, and they dry a little faster. They have universal qualities - they can varnish interior items and products located outside. Applied by everyone known ways– from miniature brushes to rollers and sprayers;
• Acrylic - environmentally friendly and absolutely safe in terms of fire (produced on water based). Fully transparent acrylic varnishes protect well any wooden surface and acrylic painting on plaster or plaster, but their durability depends on the stability of the microclimate in the room;
• Nitro-varnishes are beneficial due to their rapid solidification and rather “tenaciously” hold on the surface to be treated.. The disadvantage of nitro-varnishes is toxicity and the ability to corrode the painted base, so before varnishing, you need to stock up on a respirator and try out nitro-lacquer in an inconspicuous place, suddenly, instead of a glossy layer, tatters of new paint form?
• Polyurethane - universal and convenient compositions with high resistance to mechanical, natural and chemical influences. Well compatible with various materials and paints. Of the "minuses" of polyurethane varnishing, one can note its technical complexity and high cost;
• Epoxy. In terms of aesthetic qualities, they are inferior to polyurethane, comparable in strength, and dry faster. Usually used for varnishing wooden products in rooms with high humidity(baths, saunas, baths, pools).

Whether it is possible to varnish acrylic paint is determined by the identity of its composition with the painted surface, that is, acrylic varnish will obviously be compatible with acrylic paint, it is also acceptable to use polyurethane and some varieties of alkyd varnishes.

How to varnish acrylic paint - application instructions

Acrylic paints have one interesting feature: the longer they are left unvarnished, the stronger they “bond” with wooden base. Before choosing a varnish, the paint must be allowed to dry thoroughly, from several days to several weeks. During drying, the painted product can be protected with a film or glass

How to varnish acrylic paint - step by step

Step 1: Choose a varnish

Be sure to check whether the varnish you like (acrylic, polyurethane or universal) is compatible with the type of base - wood, plaster or putty. It is highly desirable that the lacquer composition with acrylic components be fresh, that is, no more than 90 days have passed since its manufacture. Ceteris paribus, it is better to purchase a matte composition instead of a glossy one, because. acrylic paint rarely needs extra gloss.

Step 2: Preparing for varnishing

Protective film, cellophane, glass, etc. must be carefully removed without damage acrylic base. If dust is found on the surface, it is removed with a vacuum cleaner (without contact with the base!) In extreme cases, you can use a feather whisk. Moreover, the movements should be as accurate and measured as possible. Mechanical sweeping with rags is strictly prohibited - acrylic paints are quite gentle and can fly around with petals of multi-colored hopes even before varnishing.

The varnish itself should be heated to a temperature of 40-50 ˚C before being applied to a dust-free surface. It is best to perform this operation in a water bath. If there is no thermometer at hand, then you can adhere to the empirical relationship: three-liter jar with varnish in a boiling liter of water is heated to a temperature of 40-50 ˚C in about five minutes. During heating, the varnish composition must be mixed several times with a smooth rail.

Step 3: Varnish!

It is important to set the lighting correctly, in the dark the best master paint and varnish work will not cope with the task. The light source is optimal at the top and right, even with sufficient room illumination. It is best to work with a wide flat brush - from 50 to 150 mm wide, depending on the amount of varnishing. A small amount of varnish is taken on the brush (so that it does not drip onto the floor and does not flow over the product) and is applied to the surface with wide, smooth strokes, moving from top to bottom. The trajectory of brush movements should be parallel to the upper border of the varnish. After processing 0.5-0.7 m 2 the varnish layer must be polished.

Polishing is done with a dry flat brush, moving from top to bottom. When the dry brush begins to stick to the surface being treated, you should move on to varnishing new areas. Ready product should be protected from dust settling until the varnish layer hardens. This is done by installing canopies, film frames, etc. It is better to try self-varnishing of acrylic paints on small products; with the acquisition of skills, you can proceed to decorative elements with a large surface area.

When it comes to painting the surface in a renovation, the obvious question comes to mind: what paint to choose? Surely the color scheme has already been chosen in accordance with the design, so the essence of the question is what type of paintwork material to choose for application. Popular options are alkyd and acrylic paints. Despite their similar names, they differ significantly in both composition and characteristics. What are alkyd and acrylic paints and what advantages or disadvantages they have - this will be discussed in this text.

What are alkyd and acrylic paints made of, what are the differences

Let's get to the analysis of the composition of these two types of paint. The main component of alkyd formulations is alkyd varnish, which is mixed with various fillers, as well as a solvent. The most commonly used pentaphthalic alkyd varnish, which is a very thick resin, to which rosin, glycerin and vegetable oils are added.

The role of the solvent is most often assigned to purified kerosene or, in a simple way, white spirit. It perfectly copes with the splitting of fractions of fats, oils and various organic compounds, therefore it is excellent for diluting alkyd paints. For fillers of alkyd enamels, marble or granite chips are used because of their high dispersion index.

Coloring pigments are added to this composition, giving the enamel a certain color shade. Quite often, some additional additives are included in the composition that can add functionality to the enamel, for example, an antiseptic to prevent the formation of fungus on a wooden surface.

The basis of acrylic paint is an acrylic polymer emulsion, with which the color pigment is mixed. This emulsion, also known as plexiglass, is the binder. The solvent, unlike alkyd enamels, is water. The composition also uses additives that change the properties of the material, for example, improving viscosity and application to the surface or increasing the drying rate.

Features of the use of alkyd paints

Despite the difference in composition, both types of compositions can be called universal. However, let us turn our attention to the use of alkyd-based paints. They can be used for any type of work - outdoor and indoor, due to their high mechanical properties, saturation and brightness.

These paints are classified into two main groups - directly enamels and oil paints. The latter are considered a separate type paintwork materials, however, for the most part they contain alkyd resins, so they can be considered a type of alkyd paint.

Alkyd enamels are widely used in construction and decoration, because they are both glossy and matte. There are even semi-gloss compositions. The film formed by glossy enamels is resistant to abrasion and can be applied both to wooden and metal surfaces in order to protect them. Glossy enamel lies more evenly on the surface and gets dirty a little worse than matte ones.

The choice of matte alkyd enamel is based more on the taste of the buyer, because according to operational properties they are not glossy. If you do not like the glare from the painted surface, then matte alkyd enamel will suit you better. These surfaces are slightly more prone to dirt, but this is not a problem, because any alkyd paint is resistant to strong detergents and cleans up well.

Comparison by basic properties

Drying paint. The film obtained after applying alkyd enamel dries quickly enough than acrylic film. After a few days, the alkyd film can properly perform its functions - both protective and decorative. For acrylic materials the period of complete film formation takes a week or even more, and all this time the surface must be protected from mechanical stress.

Durability. Lifetime advantages on the acrylic side. The intense impact of the external environment leads to the fact that alkyd surfaces have to be renewed after a year. At the same time, if all the rules of preparation and application were followed, then the acrylic coating can last up to 8 years without the need for repainting.

Acrylic materials are more resistant to ultraviolet radiation. Unlike alkyd compounds, they do not fade and generally do not change the properties of the surface film.

Acrylic paints are also more resistant to mechanical stress, which in a way compensates for the longer preparation for the use of such coatings than alkyd enamels.

While acrylic is a more durable and resistant material, alkyd-based formulations are more a wide range colors and shades, and after application, the colors look much more vivid.

Advantages and disadvantages of paints

Alkyd enamels are distinguished by these advantages:

• More low price and ease of application, which is especially important when choosing a material for large areas staining.
• Alkyd compounds have a large selection of shades, and the paint itself will not lose its color when dried.
• They dry quickly, and the protective characteristics appear within a couple of days.
• Alkyd enamels perfectly protect metal surfaces from rust and corrosion, and the film formed after application protects the surface well from aggressive cleaning agents such as bleach or whiteness.

Alkyd compounds also have the following disadvantages:

• In the long term, they do not have great reliability, the surface will turn yellow and crack over time, so that the paint will have to be renewed annually.
• Alkyd paints contain unsafe chemical components that cause bad smell that appear when dry.

At the same time, acrylic paints have their own competitive advantages.

• Long service life and increased resistance to external stimuli, which will retain excellent performance properties.
• A good option for indoor use, because there is no odor or harmful substances.
• A good possibility for use even at the highest temperatures of heated surfaces - for example for heating pipes.

Disadvantages of acrylic formulations:

• The cost of such paints will be higher, and the selection is really quality composition- harder. Its protective characteristics acrylic surfaces take longer - from several weeks to a month.

Compatibility of alkyd and acrylic materials

Sometimes you can meet the question, is it possible to use acrylic paints for repainting alkyd surfaces? Or vice versa, is it possible to apply alkyd-based compositions over acrylic? There is only one answer - it is not recommended. And there is no difference what kind of surface we are talking about, metal or wood.

The exact composition of any paintwork material cannot be fully known. The application of acrylic enamels over alkyd may result in the active components of the latter appearing through the top layer in the form of darkened spots and streaks, thereby spoiling the entire surface. Otherwise, alkyd paint simply may not adhere to the acrylic surface, as a result of which it will gradually peel off the surface.

However, if a significant period of operation of the painted surface has already passed and volatile elements have weathered from its surface, then there is the possibility of applying materials to each other. However, it’s still not worth doing on a “bare” surface; pre-treatment with a primer is required. Important point- The primer must be the same type as the paint you will be reapplying.

Production of alkyd and acrylic compounds

Despite the fact that the trend in production is the production of environmentally friendly materials that are diluted with water, namely acrylic compounds, the main component produced by domestic factories are alkyd binders for paints and varnishes. To be precise, more than 65% of all paint and varnish production occupied by alkyd materials.

It is worth noting that foreign companies are conducting much more active research on polymer compounds that are the basis for acrylic paints, as well as additives to these compounds. New technologies are being developed, the main focus of which is on environmental friendliness. In this regard, acrylic products are more attractive in terms of use. However, the price of such a product is much higher, which ultimately greatly affects the choice of the consumer.

In summary, alkyd-based paints are a very attractive choice - they are inexpensive, bright, dry quickly and have good durability. However, in the long run, acrylic enamels have the advantage of being less toxic and can last for decades.

Alkyd and acrylic paints are among the most common types of paint when it comes to serious painting jobs: wall painting, metal products etc. Perhaps due to the similarity of the name, they are often confused. Do these types of paints really have something in common?

Compound

In fact, the only similarity is that both are paints. Their composition is completely different.

Alkyd type can be called a more modernized option oil paints. They are characterized by a similar mechanism of hardening and the formation of a surface film (which, by the way, is somewhat stronger, but less elastic). Alkyd paints consist of polyhydric alcohols (for example, glycerin) in combination with orthophthalic acid. Actually, the word "alkyd" comes from a combination of the words "alcohol" (alcohol) and "acid" (acid).

Unlike alkyd paints, acrylic paints are made on the basis of acrylic, a polymer better known as plexiglass. The composition of paints may include various additional components designed to improve certain properties (add elasticity, speed up drying).

Basic properties

• Life time. In acrylic paint, unlike alkyd, the surface retains its original appearance much longer. It is advisable to renew alkyd paint about once a year, since oxygen and ultraviolet intensely destroy the surface layer of paint. acrylic coating, subject to the technology of surface preparation and paint application, can serve from 8 (wood) to 20 (plaster) years.
• UV resistant. Acrylic practically does not change the properties of the surface film under the influence of sunlight, that is, it does not fade, does not turn yellow and does not acquire a “matte” appearance. Alkyd compounds in this regard are not so reliable.
• Drying process. But the alkyd film dries relatively quickly, and after a couple of days it fully performs its protective and decorative functions. Acrylic film finishes its formation in about a month after application to the surface. In this case, the coating should be protected from mechanical influences until it is completely dry.
• Mechanical stability. The longer process of acrylic film formation is compensated by more high level resistance to mechanical influences(deformations, scratches).
• decorative properties.

  8. Can acrylic paint be applied to alkyd and vice versa?

  Alkyd compositions are distinguished by a more diverse range of shades and halftones, as well as, in general, more bright colors. On the other hand, acrylic paint lasts longer and does not require regular renewal.

Are acrylic and alkyd paints compatible?

Can alkyd compounds be applied to acrylic or vice versa? Neither is recommended, especially if the base has been painted relatively recently or if it is a metal surface. The fact is that the specific composition of the paints may not be completely clear to us. Alkyd compounds may contain components that will show through the layer of acrylic paint as dark spots. If alkyd paint is applied over acrylic, then it may not be fixed on it, that is, it may peel off.

The only option for applying such paints to each other: applying to the old coating, from which all volatile components have already disappeared. However, even in this case, the top coat of paint should be applied only after the surface has been treated with a primer of the same type (i.e., acrylic paint on acrylic primer and vice versa).

Acrylic paints and oily look used for finishing surfaces from the outside, as well as inside. In some cases, it is necessary to cover with acrylic a surface that has been painted with oil paint. To find out if one paint can be coated with another, it is necessary to consider the properties of each material.

Oil paint

Some time ago, oil paints were actively used to finish surfaces from the inside and outside. But they were replaced by a new, more versatile material, acrylic paints.
The oil material is made on the basis of drying oil or a similar agent, which is mixed with pigments. mineral type. The paint is obtained by grinding all the components to a homogeneous composition. In modern repair, oil paint is used very rarely. But in some cases it is advisable to use it as an economy for painting large rooms, since its cost is lower than other materials. The main advantage of oil-based paints is their low cost. Such materials are resistant to moisture, oils provide reliable protection to wood, and concrete materials. Oil-based paints also prevent rust on metal surfaces.
Such material has its drawbacks, which is why it is not very convenient to work with paint. There are not too many colors, almost a dozen, so it is difficult to make a certain design and give originality to the surface.
Also, the paint needs to be updated annually, that is, it wears out quickly, and additional costs are spent on this. If the surface is not updated in a timely manner, the material may peel off. big chunks. During application, a strong odor appears, so work is performed in a well-ventilated area. When dry, the surface releases toxic elements, so it's best not to spend time in a painted room. The negative quality is long term drying of such material, almost two days.
Acrylic paint can be applied to an oily surface, it will not be difficult.

Acrylic type paints

Compared to oil formulations, acrylic paints have clear advantages. Acrylic compositions are environmentally friendly, do not emit toxic substances, since they do not contain solvents of organic origin.
The basis of this material is water, due to this, when applied, there is practically no smell. Also the material is different large quantity colors, and shades, this allows you to make the surface original. The desired color can be ordered from hardware store and it will be done on the spot. Acrylic composition has a high resistance to moisture, ultraviolet rays, and temperature changes, and also has good vapor permeability. Thus, acrylic paint is used for interior and exterior decoration. The painted surface dries quickly, in just a couple of hours. If we compare paints based on oil and acrylic, then the latter are considered more durable and resistant to wear. Such compositions are considered universal, and are used to create a different interior.

Can you paint with acrylic paint over oil paint?

Usually, experts do not recommend applying acrylic paint to an oil coating that is too old, as the materials do not adhere well to each other. But such work is allowed provided that the surface is thoroughly prepared. Work on surface preparation begins with grinding the previous coating, for this, sandpaper with fine grit is used.
After grinding, the surface is thoroughly cleaned of dirt, and the dust that has formed as a result of work, for this you can use a vacuum cleaner. Then the surface is degreased and left to dry. The dry surface is covered with 2 layers of acrylic-based mortar. But careful preparatory work do not talk about the quality application of acrylic paint on an oily surface. To get the result, it is necessary to use a thick acrylic composition, when diluted with water, the proportions should not exceed 1 to 1.
If a spray gun is used as the application tool, a suitable thinner must be added. The gloss or dullness of the surface depends on the type of this substance. Sometimes oil paint is very etched into the surface, especially if used too much. long time then it is impossible to remove it. At the same time, special paints are used, which are distinguished by high adhesion, they are able to qualitatively paint even too oily surfaces.

The technology of applying acrylic paint by oil composition

1. First, the surface is polished, all dust is removed, for this a vacuum cleaner is used.
2. Then the primer is applied. And leave it to dry completely.
3. The acrylic composition is applied with a brush or spray gun, in the latter case, special thinners are used.
4. Begin to apply paint from the corners of the surface to the middle or from top to bottom. After fully covering the walls or ceiling, leave time to dry, usually a couple of hours, there are paints that dry faster.

Basic rules for applying acrylic paint to an oil composition

1. To ensure a quality painted surface, it must be well prepared. The main oil layer of the paint is removed by grinding, and then the dust is removed.
2. All contaminants must be cleaned so that the acrylic composition lays down in an even layer.

   The difference between alkyd paint and acrylic

3. In too advanced cases. If the oil has eaten into a wooden or other surface, use special paints with a high adhesion rate.
4. Surface grinding can be done sandpaper with fine grain or special grinder. In some cases, a drill and a special nozzle are used, it is necessary to act carefully so as not to damage the surface.
5. A mandatory action is degreasing, otherwise the new composition will not fit well on the old surface.
6. To ensure high-quality adhesion of the paint to the previous surface, the acrylic composition must have a thick consistency.

When choosing a paint composition, it is necessary to study its properties, all positive and negative qualities, since the service life of the coating and its reliability depend on it. Before purchasing the material, it is necessary to consider what kind of coloring will be produced, primary or secondary. In the second option, the surface is covered, which has already been previously treated with other compositions.

It is especially taken into account when the walls are painted with oil paint, these are the consequences of old repairs. Usually oil paint was used for kitchen facilities or bathrooms. When choosing modern paint based on acrylic, you need to figure out how to deal with the previous finish, namely the oil composition. This article describes all the advantages and disadvantages of oil and acrylic paints.

It is usually not recommended to coat oil paint with acrylic, but it is possible if you resort to careful surface preparation. The former material is partially scraped off by grinding with sandpaper, primed, and coated acrylic paint.

Alkyd primer and acrylic paint

The primer is applied to the surface before it is painted in order to protect the surface and improve the adhesion of the paint to be applied over the primer. The deeper the primer penetrates into the surface to be treated, the better the paint will adhere to it later. A primer for metal, for example, is a prerequisite for high-quality painting of metal surfaces.

When applied, the primer fills the pores of the surface and binds small particles of foreign matter (such as dust), thereby preparing it for applying paint or other paints and varnishes.

What is the difference between alkyd paint and acrylic paint

Any primer, whether it is an acrylic primer for wallpaper or a primer for metal, can significantly reduce the consumption of expensive materials. Savings are especially noticeable when priming large areas.

Another advantage of using a primer is that the primer slows down the penetration of substances from the composition of the next layer, which helps to evenly dry the surface to be painted. Uniform drying, in turn, improves the quality of painting, eliminating cracks and warpage on the treated surface.

Currently, compositions of this type, whether it is a water-dispersion primer or a primer deep penetration, are indispensable materials for internal or external repairs of residential buildings and industrial premises. There are many types of primer coatings (acrylic primer for wood, alkyd primers, reinforcing and bonding compounds, metal primers) designed for different types surfaces and materials of subsequent layers.

Substances that make up the primer coat must not react with substances from paints and varnishes that will be applied over the primer. Therefore, before proceeding with the repair, it is necessary to find out what type of primer is suitable for a particular paint and surface. So, for example, a deep-penetrating universal acrylic primer fits perfectly on plaster, brick or concrete. Putty, plaster and other finishing materials will subsequently perfectly fall on compositions of this type.

Priming compositions will also come in handy if it is necessary to process a loose, crumbling surface. For repair work with such surfaces, deep penetrating compounds have been developed that can thicken the surface and prepare it for painting or finishing. The cost of a deep penetration primer is quite high, but for quality repair it is sometimes indispensable.

If you are going to carry out repairs in a room with high humidity, then pay attention to such material as the universal acrylic primer Bulls Eye 1-2-3 Primer Sealer Stain-Killer. The composition of this coating includes antiseptics that prevent the spread of mold and fungi. This acrylic primer is perfect for surface treatment of various materials- concrete, brick, drywall, chipboard, wood, metal and many others.

An ordinary consumer, far from construction, when choosing a paint, may encounter certain difficulties. The modern market offers a large selection of paints and varnishes - which one to prefer? Some of the most popular coatings are alkyd and acrylic dyes. Many people scare them. We will find out how alkyd paint differs from acrylic paint, and what you need to choose for a quality result.

Alkyd paints are a modern take on the classic oil paint. Both alkyd and oil based materials have a similar curing process. The paint is made on the basis of alkyd resin, which is obtained by processing vegetable oils under influence high temperature with the addition of various polyhydric alcohols. The composition of alkyd paint is already clear from its name. Alkyd is an alcohol or alcohol, and "acid" is an acid.

For sale, these materials are already supplied with a solvent content. Depending on the type of alcohol, paints can be divided into pentaphthalic and glyphthalic. As solvents for these paints, you can use traditional white spirit, orthoxylene, nefras.

Acrylic paint is made on the basis of polyacrylic polymers. Acrylic is a plexiglass produced by the hydrolysis of lactic acids. Acrylic paints can be water-based or lacquer-based. To obtain high elasticity and resistance to external influences environment and to mechanical influences, various additives and fillers are included in the composition.

As you can see, both paints differ from each other in composition. But there are other differences as well.

Characteristics and application features

The most big difference between acrylic and alkyd paint is that the first is a material of natural origin, and the second is a completely synthetic product.

Alkyd paint can be used in any way - it is a universal dye that can be applied to surfaces made of metals, wood, stone. You can use or not use soil.

These dyes create a much harder, but less elastic film when compared to their oil counterparts. More often this type of paintwork is used for interior finishing works, when it is necessary to obtain a durable surface with expressive and rich colors and a glossy sheen. Often, alkyd dye is used as wood paint.

Acrylic paint is characterized by less brightness, as well as a dull effect. The market offers huge assortment these paintwork. They are suitable for both artwork, and for work on internal and outdoor decoration. Acrylic adheres well even to rust. Differences in resistance to environmental influences - acrylic materials are widely used for finishing facades. Often you can find acrylic car enamel, primer.

On the video: acrylic paints.

Advantages and disadvantages

Among the advantages of coloring materials based on alkyds are:

• Fast drying speed;
• Resistance to moisture and household chemicals;
• Ease of application;
• Affordable cost;
• Large selection of colors and shades.

Polymerization starts 60 minutes after completion painting work. The coating will reach its maximum hardness in a few days. To apply alkyd-based paints, you do not need to be a professional painter and have professional tools and fixtures. Among the minuses, low durability can be distinguished - if the surface is used very intensively, and the layer is also affected ultraviolet radiation, then in a few years the coating will begin to turn yellow. At the time of evaporation, the components emit a rather specific smell. To obtain a high-quality result, preparatory work, a primer are needed.

A group of acrylic dyes is able to significantly better maintain strength and aesthetic characteristics even when exposed to high temperatures. Due to this property of acrylic, paints are widely used for painting radiators and other structures subject to heat. Due to the fact that the material has good adhesion, the paint adheres well to wood - the period is up to 8 years. When painting metal or a plastered wall, the service life is up to 10 years. Also among the advantages can be identified:

• Resistance to UV radiation, which is very important for outdoor decoration;
• Transparency;
• Good hiding power and low consumption;
• Vapor permeability.

These dyes dry completely in 30 minutes to 2 hours. But it will take much more time to set the final density. If the composition contains additives that protect against corrosion, then metal can be painted even over rust. Among the minuses are the cost, the need to use solvents, and in some cases a primer is needed.

Despite the disadvantages, acrylic materials are better than alkyd ones. Higher service life, the coating is more resistant to various influences.

The difference is that alkyd products are not suitable for outdoor use, while acrylic products are ideal for outdoor use.

Compatibility

Knowing the differences between alkyd paint and acrylic paint, you should also find out about the compatibility of these two paints. Many are interested in the question - is it possible to apply a layer of alkyd on top of acrylic paint.

It must be said that the compatibility of the two products is not too good. This is due to the composition of the materials. If you combine them, there is a risk of swelling of the surface. If you apply acrylic on alkyd, the result will not be good - the coating will begin to delaminate. But if there is a serious need to combine these different products, then you need to clean the surfaces as much as possible, then carefully sand, lay the primer. This will help improve bonding and reduce the risk of flaking, but will reduce service life by about half.

What's better?

So. Acrylic, alkyd paints have different composition, different properties. Let's try to figure out which one is better. It really all depends on the usage. If it is necessary to finish the facade, then acrylic. For painting a car, it is also worth giving preference to enamels based on acrylic. With a small budget for interior decoration, you can stop at alkyd paints.

Alkyd and acrylic paints are among the most common types of paints when it comes to serious painting jobs: painting walls, metal work, etc. Perhaps due to the similarity of the name, they are often confused. Do these types of paints really have something in common?

Compound

In fact, the only similarity is that both are paints. Their composition is completely different.

Alkyd type can be called a more modernized version of oil paints. They are characterized by a similar mechanism of hardening and the formation of a surface film (which, by the way, is somewhat stronger, but less elastic). Alkyd paints consist of polyhydric alcohols (for example, glycerin) in combination with orthophthalic acid. Actually, the word "alkyd" comes from a combination of the words "alcohol" (alcohol) and "acid" (acid).

Unlike alkyd paints, acrylic paints are made on the basis of acrylic, a polymer better known as plexiglass. The composition of paints may include various additional components designed to improve certain properties (add elasticity, speed up drying).

Basic properties

• Life time. In acrylic paint, unlike alkyd, the surface retains its original appearance much longer. It is advisable to renew alkyd paint about once a year, since oxygen and ultraviolet intensely destroy the surface layer of paint. Acrylic coating, subject to the technology of surface preparation and paint application, can last from 8 (wood) to 20 (plaster) years.
• UV resistant. Acrylic practically does not change the properties of the surface film under the influence of sunlight, that is, it does not fade, does not turn yellow and does not acquire a “matte” appearance. Alkyd compounds in this regard are not so reliable.
• Drying process. But the alkyd film dries relatively quickly, and after a couple of days it fully performs its protective and decorative functions. Acrylic film finishes its formation in about a month after application to the surface. In this case, the coating should be protected from mechanical influences until it is completely dry.
• Mechanical stability. The longer process of forming an acrylic film is compensated by a higher level of resistance to mechanical stress (deformations, scratches).
• decorative properties. Alkyd compositions are distinguished by a more diverse range of shades and halftones, as well as generally brighter colors. On the other hand, acrylic paint lasts longer and does not require regular renewal.

Are acrylic and alkyd paints compatible?

Can alkyd compounds be applied to acrylic or vice versa? Neither is recommended, especially if the base has been painted relatively recently or if it is a metal surface. The fact is that the specific composition of the paints may not be completely clear to us. Alkyd compounds may contain components that will show through the layer of acrylic paint as dark spots. If alkyd paint is applied over acrylic, then it may not be fixed on it, that is, it may peel off.

The only option for applying such paints to each other: applying to the old coating, from which all volatile components have already disappeared. However, even in this case, the top coat of paint should be applied only after the surface has been treated with a primer of the same type (i.e. acrylic paint on acrylic primer and vice versa).

There are several types of acrylic paints:
a) water-based acrylic paints (interior or facade paints);
b) two-component acrylic enamels (car acrylic paints in a jar).
They contain two components: paint and hardener, polymerize due to a chemical reaction with a hardener, and this reaction is irreversible.
c) one-component acrylic enamels (used in aerosols). Dry in air by evaporation of solvents.

Acrylic two-component paints cannot be applied to alkyd and acrylic one-component paints, as they behave aggressively towards the latter. It is possible to apply alkyd and one-component acrylic paints to two-component paints, since the polymerization reaction is irreversible and the coating is stable.

Aerosol paints use a one-component base.

All aerosols dry in air due to the evaporation of solvents. Therefore, it is possible to combine the application of one on the other with acrylic and alkyd aerosol paints. But you need to apply the paint application no later than 30 minutes after applying the last coat of paint (acrylic or alkyd).

8. Can acrylic paint be applied to alkyd and vice versa?

Also, the solvent plays an important role. If the solvent is aggressive, then it can dissolve the alkyd paint. Usually more aggressive solvents are found in acrylic one-component paints. Therefore, when applying an acrylic one-component paint to an alkyd paint, care must be taken to first ensure that the coating is not adversely affected.

In the case of applying alkyd one-component paint on acrylic, subject to temporary recommendations (no later than 30 minutes after applying the last coat of paint), there is no reason to be afraid, since solvents in alkyd one-component paints are less aggressive.

Repairing painted surfaces is an inevitable process. Even under the condition that earlier finishing was done competently and with high-quality materials.

Before repainting the walls, you need to make sure that the new and old coating will be compatible.

On the this moment There are many ways to remove old paint.

• mechanical methods. Acrylic enamel and acrylic paint or other coating is scraped off with sharp objects or power tools, such as a drill with a nozzle.
• thermal methods. In this case, the paint softens, for example, building hair dryer and then removed.
• Chemical methods. The finish is removed with a variety of washes.

However, the process of removing the old coating is long and labor-intensive. And the price of the issue is quite high, especially if you need to remove paint from a large area or complex surfaces. Because of this, many of us prefer to apply the new finish directly on top of the old one. The question often arises as to the compatibility of the finishes.

In this article we will talk about whether acrylic paint can be applied to enamel and vice versa. But first, let's look at the basic concepts.

Varieties of paints and varnishes

The composition of paints and varnishes includes a binder, fillers, pigments, solvents / thinners and additives. In order to correctly apply paintwork materials during repairs, you need to know exactly their composition.

Main Components

Oil paints based on drying oil.

All paints are divided according to the type of binder used and the type of solvent.

1. The binder determines the main qualities of the paint, the service life of the coating and the speed of its drying.. There are 4 types of binders used for paintwork materials: alkyd and epoxy resins, oil (on drying oil), latex, acrylic polymers.
2. Solvent components are divided into actual solvents and diluents.. The former reduce the fluidity and viscosity of the material. Thinners only reduce the viscosity of the paint.
3. To improve the characteristics of paintwork materials, additives are added to their composition.: stabilizers, emulsifiers, fungicides, antiseptics, etc.
4. A separate category includes special paints. These are anti-corrosion coatings, for example, Zinga conductive paint. Analogues with antiseptic properties that protect the base from mold and decay. Compositions for removing small defects (irregularities, scratches, cracks), etc.

Oil and enamel formulations

Pictured is acrylic paint.

Materials based on alkyd and acrylic resins include oil and enamel paints.

They are suitable for painting metal, wood and plastered surfaces.

After drying, it is non-toxic, light and moisture resistant.

1. Oil paints are produced on the basis of drying oil. As thinners for them are White Spirit, gasoline, turpentine or solvent naphtha. The price of the compositions is low, but they dry for a long time (up to several days). The main disadvantage is that over time the coating turns yellow.
2. In enamel compositions binder, varnish is added. It gives the coating gloss and aesthetics. The instruction recommends using such paints for external and internal finishing work on metal, wood, concrete, and plaster.

   Differences between alkyd and acrylic paints

   Enamels are moisture and light resistant. They also have anti-corrosion resistance.

Emulsion and dispersion materials

Water-dispersion composition.

Such paints are diluted, but do not dissolve with water. In them, the binder and pigment particles are distributed in a liquid medium, thus creating a stable emulsion.

When the coating dries, it does not wash out with water.

1. Emulsion formulations are economical, have ecological cleanliness and fire safety.
2. They fit well on almost any substrate.
3. Dries quickly, does not have a strong smell.

Many people think that water-based and water-dispersion formulations are the same.

However, they are different.

1. Matte emulsions are washed off over time. The dispersions are water-resistant and suitable for use in wet rooms.
2. Water-dispersion compositions are usually white, water-based analogues have a variety of color palettes.
3. Dispersions cannot be used at temperatures below +5 degrees. However, when modifiers are added, they are thermally stable. Such, for example, fire-retardant paints for metal Polistil.

Note!
The best analogues of water-diluted paints are based on acrylic resins and polymers.
They have high elasticity and strength.

1. Such compositions are frost-resistant after their complete drying.
2. Possess vapor permeability.
3. Suitable for alkaline substrates (concrete, plaster).
4. These paints are well tinted.
5. Resistant to ultraviolet, retain the original color for a long time.
6. They have the ability to repel water.
7. They have high mechanical stability.

About paint compatibility

First, an epoxy putty must be applied to the old coating.

Based on everything written above, we will answer main question articles - is it possible to paint on enamel with acrylic paint and vice versa.

1. Based on their composition, acrylic coatings fall only on the same old coating. They cannot be applied over alkyd enamels due to thinner/solvent incompatibility. The new coating will simply fold (raise) the enamel.
2. In addition, it is undesirable to apply emulsion and dispersion compositions on old glossy and adhesive paints. The same applies to lacquered bases.
3. But, after emulsion and dispersion materials, any enamels and paints can be used.

Now about how, without removing the enamel, apply a coating of acrylic paint with your own hands.

Note!
To do this, you need to create an intermediate layer, in a stable state, resistant to both acrylic and organic solvents.
It should consist of polyesters (eg epoxy resin, polyurethane) on amine hardeners.
Such compounds are dissolved with acetone.

After puttying, acrylic primer is applied.

There are many for sale now liquid putties and primers having the described composition.

One of the best materials is "Inter Troton Spray".

1. First, apply liquid putty over the enamel.
2. Next, cover the surface with acrylic primer.
3. Then you can paint the base.

Conclusion

If you are unable to withdraw old paint, then a new coating can be applied to it. However, there are nuances here. Some types of coatings are incompatible, so between them you need to create an intermediate layer of neutral compositions. By watching the video in this article, you will expand your knowledge base.

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Alkyd or acrylic primer: which one to choose?

Surface preparation before finishing with any materials is extremely important. Priming helps save your money, significantly improve the quality of repairs and extend their service life. How to choose the right building materials and perform the work?

The primer is used for all types of bases: metal, wood, concrete, brick, plaster, drywall, putty. Its main purpose is to provide a strong "seizure" finishing materials, be it wallpaper, paint, varnish or tile, with a base. Paint and varnish technologies do not stand still, now you can find a primer that will protect wood from decay and the formation of fungus, metal - from corrosion, plaster or putty to give special strength due to deep penetration or even color.

The choice of primer should be based on the type of substrate and the properties you want to give it. Today, a wide range of acrylic and alkyd materials is presented on store shelves.

What is the difference between alkyd paint and acrylic paint

The former are used for almost any reason. Their main advantage is that they are odorless. When repairing in small spaces acrylic primer is indispensable. However, if you need to work on metal, then only alkyd material will help here. It reliably protects iron from rust. Experienced Builders prefer alkyd primers to acrylic primers for outdoor use.

The most common among alkyd primers is GF-021. Its anti-corrosion properties can significantly extend the service life of metal products. In addition, the primer is often and successfully used for other types of substrates, such as wood, drywall, brick, plaster. Specifications, which are indicated by manufacturers on the labels, give the right to call the primer GF-021 universal. In particular, the bank trademark"Yaroslavl flavor" is the term. If you are in doubt about which primer to buy, then you can safely choose the primer GF-021. Specifications, including consumption per 1 m2 and drying time, vary in all product lines. Before buying, be sure to read the instructions for use.

Traditional colors for alkyd primers are brown, red-brown and gray. The palette of this material is not always of great importance, since most often it is applied under finishing materials. Absorbing and drying, the primer becomes dull, but it can affect the color of the future coating. If you choose a primer for light wallpaper, then alkyd will not work for you.

Among acrylic materials, deep penetration primers stand out. They are designed to strengthen loose and fragile foundations. Among them may be concrete, plastered, wood, cement, gypsum, plasterboard, previously painted surfaces. This type of primer penetrates as deep as possible into the substrate and reduces its absorption capacity, allowing significant savings on subsequent painting work. You will find such soil in the Yaroslavl Color and Norma lines.

The Braska line also includes a deep penetration primer, but it has additional valuable properties for repairs. It contains a fungicide, a chemical used to control fungal diseases. The primer is ideal for woodworking, protecting the substrate from the formation of mold and harmful bacteria.

Acrylic primers, unlike alkyd ones, are colorless, some of them are used as an independent coating. This is your option if you are looking for a glue primer. light wallpaper. This type of primer can be used both indoors and outdoors.

You can not worry about the quality of the coating formed by the primer if you choose it taking into account the existing base and finishing materials. In this case, the soil will responsibly fulfill all the duties assigned to it.

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Alkyd primer is an excellent analogue of imported primer. It can be used in cases where the treated surface does not need to be pre-impregnated.

Advantages of alkyd primer.

- high soil strength;

- resistant to abrasion after drying;

— reliably closes resinous knots. They are not visible even after several years;

- any paints (acrylic, alkyd, enamel, latex and nitro paint), glue (wallpaper, universal, PVA) and putties (acrylate and acrylic) lie flat on it;

- in addition to the metal surface, the alkyd primer is suitable for priming wood, plastic, plaster, laminated surfaces, chipboard, fiberboard, concrete, as well as surfaces previously painted with any paint;

- can be used with negative temperature;

– low toxicity chemical composition. Can work without using special means protection, it is enough that the room is simply well ventilated;

- dilute the alkyd primer or clean the surface from it with white spirit. Inexpensive and readily available chemicals.

Disadvantages of alkyd primer.

- a long drying period;

- if the alkyd primer is not completely dry, some paints may curl upon contact with it;

- only the upper part of the surface is processed. That is, the alkyd primer does not penetrate deep into the material and cannot be used as a fixative for crumbling and loose materials. For them it is necessary to use acrylic primers;

- construction bandage synthetic material which are not fully adhered to the surface, must not be wetted with an alkyd primer. Because the bandage will bubble and stretch;

- despite the fact that white spirit is not a highly toxic substance, it is still quite harmful.

Can alkyd paint be applied over acrylic primer?

Therefore, until the alkyd primer is completely dry, the room must be well ventilated;

- the tools used for priming (brush or roller) must be stored wrapped in a rag moistened with white spirit. To exclude air access, they are additionally wrapped in polyethylene. In this way, instruments can be stored for a week. Then they can be cleaned only with special means.