What varieties of eggplant are suitable for growing outdoors. The best varieties and hybrids of eggplant - features, characteristics

India is considered to be the birthplace of eggplants, from where they came to Russia only in the 18th century. Thanks to its high palatability, abundance of cooking options and usefulness of eating, eggplant quickly gained popularity along with other vegetables. However, for most summer residents and gardeners, eggplant remains a “dark horse” and it is not always clear which variety is better to choose for your region and climate.

Alekseevsky

An early ripe eggplant variety, great for regions with short summer. Resistant to light frost and most diseases. It has fruits of a classical cylindrical shape, dark purple in color, weighing an average of about 170 grams. The flesh is white, without a taste of bitterness and hard veins. Taste qualities are rated as high.

Diamond

High-yielding mid-season eggplant variety. Due to its compact size, it is excellent for planting in greenhouses. Glossy cylindrical fruits are considered fully ripe after acquiring a brown-brown color. This variety is also valued for its excellent taste, abundance of vitamins and minerals. Great for conservation.

Albatross

A mid-season variety with good frost resistance, which makes it possible to plant eggplant seedlings immediately in open ground. The bushes are compact, no more than 60 cm high. The variety also features rather large fruits, up to half a kilogram, oblate pear-shaped. That is why this variety has a special position in cooking.

Banana

One of the fastest growing eggplant varieties. However, due to the low resistance to frost in open ground, seedlings should not be planted until the beginning of June. The bush of the plant is quite sprawling, but not more than 55 cm high. The fruit has a slightly curved cylindrical shape, up to 30 cm long and 3 cm in diameter. The flesh is pale white, without bitterness, excellent for preservation and frying.

Baltic

A mid-season eggplant variety, with proper care, shows record yields for this vegetable. He likes a mild warm climate, suitable for planting in open ground in Ukraine and southern Russia. The bush of the plant is quite compact, up to 70 cm high. When ripe, the fruit has a shiny black color and an average weight of 200 grams. In cooking, this variety of eggplant is separately recommended as the most suitable for caviar.

Hippopotamus

A mid-season variety, with good resistance to frost and many diseases, is suitable for planting immediately in open ground, which is why it is quite popular in the Moscow region. Separately, it is worth noting the high yield of the variety. The fruit itself is pear-shaped and dark purple in color. Flesh with a slightly greenish tint, soft in texture, with excellent taste.

Valentine

An early eggplant variety that yields already at the end of the third month after full emergence. It has an average resistance to frost, therefore it is more reliable to plant seedlings in protected ground. The eggplant fruit is cylindrical in shape, when ripe it acquires a color from dark purple to black. The skin of the fruit is smooth, without cracks. The flesh is slightly greenish-white, firm, without bitterness.

Faith

An early maturing eggplant variety, suitable for planting under a film and in open ground. Has a high yield. The bush is compact, can reach a meter in height, which is why it often needs to be tied up. The fruit has the shape of a slightly stretched pear and a bright purple color, weighing up to 200 grams. Pure vegetable pulp white color, without voids. Great for frying.

Galina

An early variety of eggplant for planting in open ground. Resistant to night temperature changes, keep a good yield in bad weather conditions. With a good harvest, the tall stem of the plant needs to be tied up. The fruit is of classical shape, medium size, weighing up to 220 grams. In cooking, which does not have bitterness and voids, the pulp is most often used for preservation.

dragon

Early maturing variety, suitable for regions with short, cool summers. Resistant to many diseases. Planting seedlings is best done in protected ground. The plant is semi-spreading, up to a meter high. The shape of the fruit resembles a pear, with ripeness it acquires a dark purple color. It has the highest taste qualities, therefore it is widely used in the preparation of many dishes.

Giselle

An early ripe variety of eggplant. It is distinguished by good resistance to frost and the possibility of planting immediately in open ground, which ensured this hybrid's high popularity in Siberia. Proper care guarantees long fruiting and high yields. A feature of this variety is the possibility of long-term storage of fruits while maintaining excellent taste.

green

Early maturing variety. Planting eggplant seedlings is best done in well-warmed, protected ground. The bush of the plant is compact and undersized. The yield is low. The main feature of the variety are elliptical fruits with a green glossy color. The flesh of the vegetable is white, without bitterness and voids. Taste qualities are rated as good.

Clorinda

Mid-early eggplant variety with very good yields. This hybrid was bred specifically for growing in regions with a difficult climate, it tolerates frost well and is resistant to most diseases. The bush is medium-sized, needs to be tied up. Fruits are oval in shape, with a beautiful black-brilliant sheen, up to 22 cm in length. Pulp without bitterness, with excellent taste.

King of the North

Ultra-early variety of eggplant. Fast ripening of fruits, good resistance to frost and disease, make this hybrid ideal for growing in harsh climates and fleeting cold summers. The fruits reach a length of up to 30 cm. The eggplant pulp is white in color and does not taste bitter. Widely used in canning and cooking.

Long Pop

An early eggplant variety bred by German breeders. It is planted in protected ground, does not tolerate frost well, and is resistant to diseases. It has a good yield. Fruits are oblong in shape with a glossy black color. The pulp is white, firm, with a slight aftertaste of bitterness. Harvest can be stored for a long time without damage to the fruit and loss of taste.

Marzipan

An early ripe variety of eggplant. Planting seedlings is carried out both in protected and open ground, but only if there are no large frosts. Drought and disease resistant. Eggplant fruits have a dark purple glossy color, up to 15 cm long and weighing about 300 grams. The flesh is white, tender and without bitterness. In cooking, it is most often used for frying and stuffing.

Murzik

An early ripe variety of eggplant. Suitable for planting in protected and open ground, but not earlier than early June. Resistant to disease, drought and light frost. The bush is sprawling and undersized, which is why the lower fruits often touch the ground and deteriorate. The fruit is oval, glossy, purple in color. The flesh is white, firm texture, almost without bitterness.

Nadir

An ultra-early eggplant variety capable of proper care give a harvest at the end of the second month after planting seedlings. The bush is compact and undersized, great for low greenhouses. The fruit is cylindrical in shape, with a smooth matte dark purple skin, weighing up to 200 grams. The pulp itself is creamy white, dense, without bitterness, the taste is very high.

Premier

An early ripe variety of eggplant, produced by domestic breeders. It tolerates frost and drought well, resistant to most diseases. In areas with a mild climate, seedlings can be planted immediately in open ground. The fruit has a slightly oval-cylindrical shape, very large, up to half a kilogram. The pulp is pure white, has no aftertaste of bitterness. The taste qualities are excellent.

Piglet

Mid-season grade of eggplants of average productivity. Does not tolerate frost, planted only in well-warmed protected ground. The bushes of the plant are semi-spreading, up to 60 cm high. The fruits have the shape of a ball of glossy light purple, weighing up to 330 grams. The flesh is white, very tender, without bitterness. It has high taste qualities. The variety is excellent for frying and stewing.

Robin Hood

An early variety of eggplant. It tolerates frost well, is resistant to bad weather conditions and many diseases. Very high yielding. Plants are sprawling, reach a height of up to a meter, with a good harvest they need to be tied up. The fruits are pear-shaped, medium in size, weighing up to 300 grams. The pulp of the fruit is white, firm, without bitterness. Does not lose taste even with a long freeze.

Roma

mid-season hybrid variety eggplant specially bred for areas with a harsh climate and cold summers. Resistant to frost, gives a good harvest even with minimal care. Eggplant fruits have an elongated cylindrical shape, the peel is smooth, without cracks, weight up to 300 grams. Flesh with a slightly greenish tint, without bitterness. In cooking, it is used for cooking caviar and baking.

Samurai

Mid-season eggplant variety, hybrid. The main difference of the variety is the carpal ovary of fruits, from three to six pieces in the brush. Suitable for growing under film and in open field. The fruits are cylindrical in shape, dark purple glossy color, peel with small cracks. The average fruit weight is about 200 grams. The flesh is dark white, firm, but tender, with a slight bitterness.

Sauran

Mid-season variety of eggplant. The variety has a good yield, but is very demanding on growing conditions. Does not tolerate frost, needs abundant watering and a long daylight hours. The bush is medium spreading, medium height. The fruits are pear-shaped, when ripe they acquire a glossy dark purple color. The pulp is white, not bitter. Fruits can be stored for a long time without damage and loss of taste.

station wagon

Mid-season variety of eggplant. Weakly resistant to frost, has good immunity to most diseases. Bushes of plants are compact, up to 90 cm high, they need to be tied up. The fruits are miniature in size, when ripe they become dark purple, weighing up to 170 grams. The pulp is cream-colored, soft and friable, not bitter. It has excellent taste.

Black handsome

Mid-season variety of eggplant, high-yielding. Seedlings should be planted only in protected ground, securely stored from frost. Plants are compact, low, with an ovary at the bottom of the stem, which is why the fruits often end up on the ground. The eggplant fruit is cylindrical, medium in size, when ripe, the peel becomes black with a purple tint. The pulp is firm, without taste of bitterness.

Black Prince

An early ripe variety of eggplant. It tolerates frost well, suitable for planting in unprotected ground. Resistant to adverse weather conditions, has immunity to diseases, high yield. The plant is medium spreading, up to 70 cm high, does not need to be tied up. The fruit is cylindrical in shape, the color of the peel of the ripened vegetable is bright purple. The pulp is white, not bitter.

Nutcracker

A super-early eggplant hybrid, from planting seedlings to the ripening of the first fruits, it takes about 45 days. Weakly resistant to frost, planting seedlings is only in protected ground. Unpretentious in care, disease resistant. The bush is compact, of medium height. Fruits of a classical form and color, weighing up to 300 grams. Harvest can be stored for a long time without spoiling the product and losing taste.

epic

An early eggplant hybrid, bred by breeders specifically for growing in the difficult climate of Russia. It tolerates frosts well, is unpretentious in care, resistant to drought and diseases. The plant is compact, low. The fruit has a stretched teardrop shape, the peel is smooth, with a purple-black color, weighing up to 300 grams. Taste qualities are rated as very high.

Japanese dwarf

An early maturing eggplant variety with a high yield. Moderately resistant to frost, suitable for planting under a film and in open ground not earlier than the beginning of summer. The bushes are undersized, about 40 cm high. But with abundant fruiting, they may need to be tied up. The fruits have the shape of a slightly flattened pear, the peel is thin, with a bright purple tint. The pulp is white, slightly friable, without bitterness.

List of species and varieties garden plants on the beds of summer cottages and household plots is expanding every year. If until recently a rare gardener decided to grow eggplants, today this and many other crops are quite familiar and give good yields in various parts of the country. Being engaged in the cultivation of tomatoes, cucumbers, plant several bushes of the eggplant variety you like in the garden to please your family with delicious dishes.

When the basics of agricultural technology are mastered and the first purple fruits are harvested, it's time to choose varieties and types of eggplant for planting next season. And there really is something to see, especially since, thanks to breeders all over the world, eggplants have long ceased to be only “blue”. Now in the beds among the bushes with traditionally purple fruits, you can see white, green, variegated, and almost pink eggplants.

There are plants that produce yellow, orange and even red fruits that look little different from sweet peppers or tomatoes, but inside they remain real eggplants.

In addition, today you can choose eggplant varieties and their hybrids:

• forming tall or compact plants;
• giving the usual cylindrical or surprising round, ovoid and long serpentine fruits;
• affecting the yield and size of individual fruits, up to 2 kg in weight;
• various maturation periods;
• for growing in greenhouses, greenhouses or in the open field;
• resistant to diseases and unpretentious to growing conditions in the middle lane.

The choice of varieties and types of eggplant is so great that it is not difficult to get confused. If a experienced gardeners they know how to handle many varieties of plants in the beds, then it is more reasonable for beginner gardeners, having familiarized themselves with the characteristics of various types of eggplant in advance, to choose a couple or three early ripe varieties to ensure that you provide yourself with tasty and healthy vegetables.

Purple dressed eggplant

Traditionally, purple-colored eggplants are the most popular in Russian vegetable gardens, and the palm almost throughout the country belongs to two varieties of eggplant.

This is the Black Handsome variety, which attracts the attention of gardeners not only for its unpretentiousness and the possibility of growing, both in film greenhouses and in open ground, but also for its decent yield and fruit quality. Dense brown-purple eggplants weighing 200–350 grams do not have a bitter aftertaste, are well stored and are not susceptible to common diseases of this crop.

Apart from these good famous varieties Other varieties are also worthy of attention to gardeners:

• giving a lot of medium-sized, oblong fruits, weighing up to 150 grams, the Purple Miracle variety;
• eggplant variety Banana with elongated fruits that can be stored for a long time without loss of quality;
• large-fruited Black Beauty variety with fruits up to 900 grams, bright black-violet color.

Adherents of the traditional pear shape will love productive variety Albatross, forming compact bushes, from which large, up to 450 grams in weight, fruits of blue-violet color with dense greenish flesh are removed.

Round eggplants, which are gaining popularity, are convenient for stuffing, canning and stewing, so varieties and hybrids that produce fruits of this shape are becoming more and more in demand.

An example of a plant of this type is the Black Moon variety. domestic selection, which gives almost ribbed spherical fruits of dark purple color with a glossy surface and light green flesh without a trace of bitterness. Eggplant weighing from 200 to 350 grams can be harvested already 110–115 days after planting, and the ovary is formed even at low temperatures, and the plant bears fruit for a long time.

The high-yielding early hybrid Bourgeois also produces round eggplants with a glossy black-violet surface and almost white tender flesh. Fruit weight reaches 400-600 grams.

For growing in film and winter greenhouses you can choose the medium-ripening Gorodovoy F1 eggplant, which is distinguished by a high stable yield, excellent taste and fruit transportability. The plant is powerful, reaching a height of more than 1.8 meters and brings large cylindrical fruits up to 0.5 kg in weight.

The eggplant variety Airship is in no way inferior in yield, whose fruits weighing up to 120 grams can be harvested 125–135 days after emergence. Due to the dense crown and abundance of foliage, yields may fall, so plants of this type of eggplant require thinning and removal of excess stepchildren and leaves.

white eggplant

If a few years ago it was possible to surprise neighbors in the summer cottage, friends and acquaintances with a white-skinned eggplant, today these eggplant varieties have won well-deserved recognition and are loved by many gardeners. This became possible not only because of the exotic appearance and unusual, as in the photo, eggplant color, but also due to the tender, almost seedless, white pulp without any bitterness and taste, according to gourmets, reminiscent of mushroom or chicken.

Domestic gardeners who decide to try their hand at growing white eggplant should pay attention to early varieties and hybrids that give good harvests even in not the most favorable conditions.

95-105 days after the seeds are hatched, the domestic variety of eggplant Taste of mushrooms yields, which can be cultivated both in open ground and in greenhouses or film greenhouses. As you can see in the photo, the color of the eggplant is really milky white. Cylindrical fruits weigh 200-250 grams and stand out from a number of analogues with a pleasant mushroom smell, tender pulp and high marketability.

The Icicle variety bears fruit a little later, after 110–116 days, and not only the color, but the appearance of the eggplant surprises. The long fruits really resemble an icicle, taste good and are great for all types of culinary processing. Another variety of eggplant has a similar, saber-shaped fruit shape, in the photo , white color - Pelican. Gardeners can also look at other white-fruited varieties, for example:

• to the Swan variety with fruits of a classical cylindrical shape;
• to eggplant Iceberg, which gives fruits in the form of an oval or egg;
• to round eggplants of the Ping-Pong variety.

In addition to purple and white eggplants, breeders have obtained many intermediate forms with striped, pink-white or lilac fruits. From the eggplant of the Lilac variety, fruits should be expected after 98–106 days. The plant forms a compact bush with a height of no more than 60 cm, while the fruits have an elongated cylindrical shape, a lilac surface and a weight of 150 to 250 grams. On the cut, the fruit is white, dense. The good tasting pulp can be used for all types of dishes and canning.

friendly lovers bountiful harvests will appreciate the variety Balagur, which forms up to 7 fruits on the hands. And the value of the variety is not only in this, but also in early dates maturation, excellent commercial quality of 150-gram elliptical eggplants and their excellent taste.

Mid-early eggplants include the Pink Flamingo variety, which grows up to 180 cm in height in heated greenhouses. Fruits, as in the previous case, are formed on brushes of 3-6 pieces. The weight of one eggplant is 250-450 grams. The rose-purple, as in the photo, eggplant color, as well as white, without bitterness, attracts attention especially to the variety.

Round eggplants are usually distinguished large size and impressive fruit weight. Bumbo is no exception. Its spherical fruits have an interesting white-lilac hue and reach 700 grams in weight. Best Results gives cultivation in a greenhouse, where the plant forms powerful bushes, showing a consistently high yield.

From a number of lilac, pink and purple counterparts, the eggplant variety Matrosik shown in the photo stands out for its spectacular striped color of oval or pear-shaped fruits, weighing 100-150 grams each.

AT South-East Asia very popular are small round eggplants of a plain or variegated green color. In Europe and the USA, eggplants with a color as in the photo are usually called Thai, but Chinese types of eggplants of this type are also known. For example, in the stage of technical ripeness, the fruits of the Chinese green eggplant have a light green color, but when ripe, they change it to golden-bronze.

Green eggplants are also not forgotten by domestic breeders. Variety Green brings pear-shaped green fruits weighing from 250 to 300 grams. The pulp of such eggplants does not contain bitterness, has a white or slightly greenish color and a wonderful aftertaste of natural mushrooms.

The emerald eggplant variety shown in the photo belongs to the early ripe ones, it can be cultivated both under film and in open ground. On unpretentious, cold-resistant bushes, large, cylindrical elongated fruits weighing 300-400 grams with creamy white pulp are formed. medium density. Eggplants of this variety are tasty, not bitter and invariably delight with high yields.

Red, orange, yellow

Eggplants of yellow, orange and purple color in our gardens are still almost impossible to meet. And yet such types of eggplant exist.

Bright sunny fruits of yellow color and oval shape are given by the eggplant variety Golden Eggs presented in the photo, obtained by Dutch breeders. The eggplant pulp of this variety is rich in carotene, but otherwise the vegetable is similar to its more familiar garden relatives.

Of African or Middle Eastern origin, Turkish eggplants are distinguished by their miniature size and the orange-striped coloring of the fruit that appears as it ripens. The young fruits of this type of eggplant are green, fragrant, without traces of bitterness, but gaining color, they begin to noticeably bitter. These heat-loving plants are popular in South America, where they got a few centuries ago with slaves, and are valued for the lycopene contained in the fruits, which is used to produce anticancer drugs.

Red, more like miniature tomatoes or pumpkins, eggplants are grown both for small fruits and as an ornamental plant. The plant forms spreading bushes. The leaves of this type of eggplant and the trunk, covered with rare thorns, often have a burgundy or purple color. The fruits hold well on the stalks, on the cut they resemble jalapeno peppers, they are quite edible, but when mature they can be bitter.

The best varieties and hybrids of eggplant - video

This page contains the best early eggplant varieties for open ground and greenhouses, in various colors, shapes and shades. Here are described low-growing and tall varieties suitable for growing in different climatic zones and regions. You can choose varieties for the Moscow region, the north-west, Siberia, the Urals, the northern regions based on the reviews in the comments left by gardeners from various parts of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, the Baltic states, etc. Enjoy watching.

Eggplant

Ultra early, unpretentious variety eggplant selection of the West Siberian vegetable experimental station for open ground and film shelters. The bush is low, compact, standard, 50-60 cm high.

Fruits of an elongated shape with a slight thickening towards the bottom, in the stage of maturity of a dark purple color, weighing up to 200 g, excellent taste. These eggplants are recommended for culinary processing and canning.

Eggplant variety Early ripening gives guaranteed harvest in any summer, even in Siberia.

Sowing seeds for seedlings is carried out in late February-early March. When planting seedlings in the ground per 1 sq. meter plot placed up to 6 plants.

Eggplant Siberian early 148

Very early, fruitful grade of an eggplant for cultivation in an open ground and film shelters. The plant is short, standard, up to 50 cm high.

The fruits are elongated pear-shaped, weighing 150-200 grams, dark purple in color, good taste without bitterness. These eggplants are good for home cooking and canning.

The variety is very unpretentious, adapted to the conditions of the Urals and Siberia. Shows a stable yield in any weather.

Grow eggplant through seedlings. Sowing seeds is carried out in late February-early March. Eggplant seedlings are planted in the ground after the cessation of night frosts. It is desirable to place plants in the ground according to the scheme: 60-70 x 25-30 cm.

Eggplant Vera

An early ripe variety of eggplant for growing in open ground and in film shelters. The period from germination to the beginning of ripening is 100-118 days.

The bush is compact, 70-90 cm high. The leaves are medium in size, purple-green, notched.

The fruits are pear-shaped, bright purple at maturity with a characteristic light stripe under the calyx, 15-20 cm long, weighing 125-200 grams. The skin of the eggplant is thin, the flesh is white, without voids. These eggplants can be used in home cooking and canning.

Advantages of Vera: early ripeness, stable yield, high marketability of fruits.

Eggplant Long Purple

Early ripening (95-110 days from germination to the beginning of ripening), a productive eggplant variety for open ground and film shelters. The bush is erect, compact, 40-55 cm high.

The fruits are elongated-cylindrical, dark purple in technical ripeness, yellow or brown in biological ripeness, glossy, weighing 150-300 grams, 12-24 cm long. The pulp is greenish-white, dense, juicy, tender, tasty, without bitterness. These eggplants are good for canning, salting, culinary processing.

Variety value: resistance to a complex of diseases, high marketability and transportability of fruits.

Eggplant Nutcracker

Early ripe, high-yielding, unpretentious eggplant hybrid. In the middle lane, it is recommended to grow it in a greenhouse.

Bush up to 1.5 meters high, but not sprawling.

The fruits are round-pear-shaped (pot-bellied), glossy, in the stage of maturity of a rich purple color, weighing 200-250 grams (in favorable conditions up to 350), 12-14 cm long. The pulp is of medium density, without bitterness, excellent taste. These eggplants are good for long-term storage and transportation.

yield in extended turnover - 13-15 kg / sq.m, in spring-summer 7-8 kg from 1 sq.m of plantings. It is desirable to plant plants according to the scheme: 60 x 40 cm.

Eggplant value Nutcracker F1: early ripeness, high yield and marketability of fruits, excellent taste of products.

Eggplant Valentine

The earliest (90-95 days from germination to ripening) of all eggplant hybrids, which has a very high resistance to diseases and sets fruits well even with a lack of light and heat.

The bush is semi-spreading, 70-90 cm high, depending on growing conditions. The leaves are medium sized, green, with a notched margin.

The fruits are elongated, cydindrichesky, leveled, dark purple at maturity, weighing 200-220 grams, up to 26 cm long, about 5 cm in diameter. The flesh is white, without bitterness and practically without seeds. These eggplants are used for home cooking and canning.

The hybrid is resistant to TMV.

Grown through seedlings, sowing in late February-early March. Eggplant seedlings are planted in the ground after the cessation of night frosts. It is desirable to place plants in the ground according to the scheme: 60-70 x 25-30 cm.

Eggplant Bibo

Mid-season, high-yielding and disease-resistant Dutch eggplant hybrid for greenhouses and open ground. The main advantage of this eggplant is that the plucked fruits retain their taste for a long time.

Bush with short internodes, which provides an abundance of ovaries on it. Bush height 80-90 cm.

The fruits are oval-conical, smooth, glossy, leveled, white at maturity, weighing 300-400 grams, up to 18 cm long, up to 8 cm in diameter. The pulp is dense, white, of excellent quality and taste. These eggplants are good for home cooking.

It is preferable to grow Bibo F1 eggplant seedlings without picking, which ensures an earlier harvest.

The hybrid is characterized by rapid growth and the ability to set fruits in extreme conditions.

Eggplant Giselle

Early ripe (107 - 117 from germination to maturity), cold-resistant, high-yielding eggplant hybrid for greenhouses and open ground. The bush is compact, up to 120 cm high. The leaves are large, green, the edge of the sheet is even, without thorns

The fruits are cylindrical in shape, dark purple, glossy at maturity, up to 25 cm long, up to 7 cm in diameter, weighing 300-500 grams. The pulp is white, excellent taste. Suitable for long term storage.

Productivity depending on growing conditions: in extended turnover - 14-16 kg / sq.m, in spring-summer - 7-9 kg / sq.m.

Variety value: early ripeness, high yield, compactness of plants, weak prickly, high taste qualities of fruits.

When planting seedlings in a permanent place per 1 sq. m, it is recommended to plant no more than 4-6 plants, since the thickening of plantings leads to a decrease in yield.

Eggplant Taste of mushrooms

Early ripe (95-105 days from germination to ripening) eggplant variety for greenhouses and open ground. The bush is compact, closed, 50-70 cm high. The leaves are medium in size, green, the edges are slightly wavy.

The fruits are cylindrical, white at maturity, weighing 150-200 grams, with a thin skin. The pulp is milky white, without bitterness, with a delicate mushroom aroma. Recommended for use in home cooking and canning.

Variety value: high marketability of fruits, excellent technological and taste qualities. The variety easily tolerates temperature fluctuations.

yield eggplant Taste of mushrooms - 4.8 - 6.4 kg / sq. m (subject to agricultural technology).

Eggplant Galina

Early ripe (105-110 days from germination to maturity) eggplant hybrid for cultivation in open ground, greenhouses and under temporary film shelters. Semi-spreading bush, 60-80 cm high, stem with anthocyanin coloration of strong intensity. The leaves are large, green, with a smooth edge.

The fruits are cylindrical (slightly pear-shaped), glossy, dark purple at maturity, medium length and diameter, weighing 200-220 grams. Spines on the calyx are absent or very rare. The flesh is whitish, without bitterness, excellent taste.

yield marketable fruits: 6.1-6.5 kg / sq.m.

Eggplant Galina F1 sets fruits well at temperature changes, hardy to adverse weather conditions.

Eggplant hybrid Galina F1 is included in the State Register of the Russian Federation for cultivation in open ground and under film shelters in personal subsidiary plots.

Eggplant Fabina

An early eggplant hybrid from French breeders. Recommended for cultivation in open ground and film shelters. Bush of open type, 45-60 cm high. The leaves are large, green, with jagged edges. On the plant, 6-8 fruits are formed at the same time.

The fruits are elongated-cylindrical, in the stage of maturity of a rich dark purple color, 20-23 cm long, 5-6 cm in diameter. The skin of the eggplant is thin, the flesh is whitish-green, dense, without bitterness. These eggplants are good for cooking and processing.

The hybrid is resistant to verticillium wilt and spider mites.

Seedling planting scheme: 100 x 40-35 cm. yield: up to 6 kg from 1 sq. m.

Eggplant Prince

Early ripe (95-104 days from germination to the beginning of ripening), a highly productive eggplant variety for open ground and film shelters. The bush is compact, 65-70 cm high. The leaves are medium in size, green, with a notched edge.

The fruits are cylindrical, glossy, dark purple at maturity, 20-30 cm long, 5-7 cm in diameter, weighing 150-200 g. The flesh is whitish, without bitterness, excellent taste. These eggplants are recommended for culinary processing and canning.

yield: up to 7 kg / sq.m (in the presence of watering and top dressing).

The value of the variety: complex resistance to diseases and changes in air temperature, unpretentiousness, stable high yield, high taste and commercial qualities of fruits.

The eggplant variety Prince is included in the State Register of the Russian Federation for cultivation in open ground and under film shelters in household plots.

Residents of the southern regions of Russia have long been accustomed to growing such crops as eggplant in large quantities. "Diamond", reviews of which are always only good, has become a real classic among gardeners. But this is far from the only variety: the counters today are full of an abundance of offers. Which one to choose? First of all, pay attention to the climatic features of the region in which you live. The variety must be adapted to them. In the Primorsky Territory, any species will readily bear fruit, but in Siberia, not every plant will be accepted. The growing conditions also matter. Seedlings can be adapted for open ground or greenhouse, as well as for growing on a balcony. But most often, the choice of Russians becomes eggplant "diamond". Reviews of summer residents guarantee good result even in the absence of special skills in growing this crop.

Culture Features

It is not for nothing that the culture we are considering received the greatest popularity in warm regions - in the Caucasus and Ukraine. These are very heat-loving and capricious plants that do not develop well in a cool climate and refuse to bear fruit. Despite this, the diamond eggplant won almost universal love. The reviews emphasize that the plant itself is very compact, so a small greenhouse or even is suitable for growing. In addition, the bush does not need to be pinched, it itself is not inclined to let out extra shoots.

But that's not all. Novice gardeners and gardeners should be aware of how difficult it can be. It is extremely demanding on temperature conditions and lighting, and is also very afraid of drafts. It is necessary to create practically greenhouse conditions to grow strong bushes ready to bear fruit. Many people prefer to buy ready-made seedlings from nurseries rather than grow them themselves. In fact, this is not always a good option. Greenhouse plants are often infested with aphids and other diseases. They are poorly adapted to open ground conditions, since seedlings were not hardened.

Another downside is the transfer itself. Eggplant tolerates it very hard, but here the plant is dug up, taken to the point of sale, where it is waiting for a buyer. Yes, and you will need time to bring it to their summer cottage. As a result, the plants get sick for a long time and enter the fruiting season late. If you do not live in the southern regions, then you will need the earliest ripening variety so that it has time to get sick, adapt, take root and bear fruit. In a cool climate, already in early August, the "blue ones" stop fruiting: there is not enough heat. A good choice in this case is eggplant "diamond". Reviews of gardeners confirm that, with fairly good adaptability, it is also very early.

Eggplant for open ground

For good fruiting three conditions are necessary: ​​a lot of heat, light and moisture. Motherland this plant is southwestern Asia, which explains its exactingness. We will list the main ones for open ground, but it is necessary to correctly assess the capabilities of your region. Mild climate middle lane Russia allows you to grow these plants in open ground only when using seedlings, sowing seeds directly into the ground is possible only in the homeland of this crop.

When choosing seeds for open ground, first of all, pay attention to the ripening time. It is best if it is 90-110 days. This ensures that before the nights get cooler, the eggplant has time to bear fruit. At the same time, it is very good if the bush is formed low: in this case, the plants are easier to cover if the days are cool.

When choosing for open ground, you need to remember one more feature. This is a short day plant. What does it mean? It blooms when the daylight hours are less than 12 hours. If we plant plants in the ground in May, when the daylight hours increase over and over again, this can stimulate explosive growth the bush itself and the lack of flowering. At the same time, the summer resident will be surprised to notice an abundance of flowers at the end of July, when the day begins to wane. That's just the time for ripening in fruits in open ground is no longer there. This problem is solved by using hybrids that are adapted to the conditions of the region and do not depend on the length of daylight hours.

We continue to choose eggplant. Varieties for the Moscow region involve growing seedlings in open ground, which means that they must comply with the characteristics stated above. Many gardeners prefer not to take risks and choose a proven "diamond". Seeds in this case are sown in pots in mid-February, two months before planting in the ground. You should not rush, otherwise the plants may stretch out. With the onset of warm, stable weather, it is required to transplant seedlings into the ground. Choose a place that is very sunny and well warmed up. It is better if each seed is initially planted in an individual pot, because otherwise the plants get very sick during transplantation and may die. Everyone grows eggplants in the same way. You can choose varieties for the Moscow region from the following, focusing on the timing of fruit ripening. It is important that they coincide with the length of the warmest, summer period.

Eggplant varieties by maturity

The best varieties eggplant, according to gardeners, are usually early-ripening hybrids that bear fruit with good pulp without bitterness. At the same time, species may differ in better fruiting, but require the creation of special conditions, which is not always possible. Hybrids are more versatile in this regard, and even an inexperienced summer resident gives a good harvest.

Early maturing varieties. The maturation period (from germination to technical maturity) is 90-110 days. These are very good indicators, an average of three months. That is, plants planted in mid-February in June may already begin to produce a crop. If climatic conditions allow you to take two crops, then you can prepare the second generation of seedlings. We list the most interesting varieties worth paying attention to:

• Eggplant "Diamond". Description of it in summary is on each package with seeds. It belongs to the middle early varieties, although the ripening period also fits the description of early ripening. This usually depends on the conditions in which the eggplant grows. The cooler it is, the longer the fruit ripening time. The norm is considered to be up to 150 days before harvest. The bush is compact, 45-55 cm high, the fruits are located mainly in the lower part. What summer residents love him for is the friendly maturation of blue. Cylindrical, purple beauties reach 14-18 cm in length with a diameter of 4-6 cm. The mass is relatively small - about 150 g. The flesh is greenish, dense, without bitterness, and has excellent taste. The fruits perfectly tolerate transportation, are used in home cooking for conservation and processing. The best choice for a novice gardener is the Almaz eggplant. The description allows you to judge its qualities with which you will be satisfied.
• The early varieties also include "albatross", "banana", "hippopotamus", "black beauty" and hybrids "bourgeois F1", "avan F1", "almalik F1", "bagheera F1".

Eggplant: varieties for Siberia

In harsh climatic conditions, with a long spring and a short summer, it is quite difficult to grow heat-loving crops. These include eggplant. Varieties for Siberia are primarily early-ripening plants intended for open ground. Not every site has greenhouses, because their equipment is quite expensive. The Siberian gardener primarily prefers the variety "Early" Siberian selection. Its long, purple fruits are guaranteed to ripen. Unusual white eggplants "Easter Egg" also proved themselves well in Siberia. The yield is small - about 400 g per bush, but the fruits ripen very early.

Large-fruited varieties please with productivity, but their ripening time is somewhat late. Despite this, some of them can be grown outdoors. This is an eggplant variety "diamond", "Donskoy 14", "spherical", "Ilya Muromets". In the conditions of Siberia, a bush can produce only one or two fruits, but each of them reaches a mass of 500 and even 700 g. All of the listed varieties can be grown in open ground, but film cover will only improve yields. It can only be used during a period when the air temperature has dropped slightly, during rainy times or in August, to stimulate fruit ripening.

Growing in greenhouses

If you do not live in the warmest regions and do not want to risk the future harvest, then it is better to choose eggplants for the greenhouse. There are varieties for every taste, while they will surely please you with a harvest, because the greenhouse eliminates a sharp temperature drop. If you have small greenhouses built on your site or you use a film shelter on a frame, then good choice there will be a short and precocious "Robin Hood". It is distinguished by good productivity and unpretentiousness. Fruits weighing 200-300 g. Bush no more than 100 cm high.

The best varieties of eggplant for unheated film greenhouses are "Joker", "Romantic", "Bumbo", "Vakula". Excellent yields were shown by blue "sperm whales", " pink flamingo”,“ namesake ”and“ torpedo ”. All these varieties are distinguished by medium-sized bushes, up to 170 cm high.

For heated greenhouses, you can choose vigorous, very productive crops that will bear fruit even in a fairly cool autumn period. In such conditions, you can shoot several crops per season. These plants grow well in unheated greenhouses, but with a change weather conditions(autumn cooling) fruit development will stop. These are varieties "dolphin", "airship", "don quixote", "F1 bard", "F1 goliath", "F1 policeman". The height of the bush reaches 3 meters, the weight of the fruit is up to a kilogram. These blue ones require bush shaping, tying and pinching. With proper care, each bush produces a good amount of fruit.

Sowing dates

Now let's talk a little more about when to sow eggplant. If there is a heated greenhouse or hotbeds, everything is clear, otherwise you need to calculate in advance when steadily warm weather without frost sets in in your region. The optimal age of seedlings is 60-70 days, that is, if you plant it in the ground on June 10, then the seeds should be sown in the second half of March. Longer time spent in pots. fraught with disease and poor transplant tolerance.

seed processing

It is better to use the seeds of the last year of assembly. They should be heated for 4 hours at a temperature of +25 degrees. After that, it is good to raise the temperature to +50 for 40 minutes. Now the seeds should be soaked in potassium permanganate for 20 minutes, and then rinsed with water and put in a solution of biological stimulants. It can be special preparations, aloe or mummy. The busiest vegetable growers are advised to follow at least one rule. Seeds must be activated before sowing. To do this, they are laid out on gauze, which is moistened with water, and left for 2-3 days. Another point: you can decide on the question "when to sow eggplants" after familiarizing yourself with the characteristics of the variety. The most late-ripening can be sown as early as February.

The soil

Eggplant seeds, like the plants themselves, are demanding on the composition of the soil. It should be light, breathable and quite nutritious. It is necessary to add compost and manure, as well as mineral fertilizers: superphosphate, potash fertilizers, ammonium nitrate. In poor soil, plants will develop very slowly. Eggplant is very susceptible to a disease called blackleg. Before sowing, the land must be disinfected, ignited on a baking sheet or poured with boiling water.

Growing seedlings

Eggplant seeds should be sown in individual pots. Since plants do not tolerate transplanting well, this is in a good way avoid damage to the root system. Experts recommend laying 3 seeds in each pot, and after germination, choose the strongest shoot. The rest should be removed. If you plan to make a pick, then you can initially sow the seeds in a common box, and then distribute them into separate containers. These may be ordinary plastic cups or special pots with a retractable bottom.

Transplant to the ground

In the country, you should find the most sublime and sunny plot, it is desirable that solanaceous grew on it before. Even if the land is very good, sand and humus must be added to it so that it is lighter and more nutritious. In two hours, the seedlings need to be well watered, and then vertically placed in the prepared furrow and covered with earth. The distance between the bushes should be at least 40 cm. Use heated water for irrigation. In this case, the landing itself is best done in the evening. This will allow the plants to take root normally. For a few days it is better to provide protection from direct sunlight.

Following these recommendations will allow you to get a high yield from grown seedlings. Carefully consider the choice of variety, because each of them has unique characteristics, only taking into account which you can get a good result.

What kind of eggplant to choose?

Eggplant varieties and their characteristics

There are quite a few varieties on the market today. eggplant. It is very important for the gardener not to make a mistake in choosing. AT middle lane varieties intended for southern zone. It is better to choose a variety or hybrid recommended for your region. It is also possible to choose varieties suitable for open or protected ground.

Most of the new varieties and hybrids are compact plants of medium height (Matrosik, Maksik, Lebediny). With a height of no more than 40-65 cm, the varieties Almaz, Quartet, Serial differ. Vigorous hybrids - Behemoth (1.9-2.1 m), Pelican (1.2-1.8 m), Surprise (1.4-1.6 m).

To modern varieties of eggplant, vegetable growers present the following requirements: they must be high-yielding, have resistance to major pathogens and pests, have fruits of good taste with pulp without bitterness, with a small amount of seeds and high content dry matter.

AT southern regions countries process the bulk of the harvest for canned food. There, requirements are imposed on the size and shape of fruits in accordance with the processing method. Varieties used for the preparation of canned saute should have cylindrical fruits, about 6-8 cm in diameter, with white pulp, without voids.

The shell of the fruit should fit snugly against the pulp - it is convenient to cut such fruits into narrow transverse circles. For the preparation of eggplant caviar, rounded fruits with a denser pulp are preferable.

When growing eggplant in northern regions early maturing varieties resistant to low temperatures are needed.

AT dry areas varieties that tolerate the lack of moisture in the soil and air are preferred.

According to the duration of the growing season, very early varieties are distinguished - from germination to technical maturity less than 100 days; early - 101-115 days; mid-early - 116-130; late - 131-150 and very late - more than 150 days. However, depending on the growing conditions in a particular region, the beginning of fruiting in some years can shift by 20 or more days in one direction or another.

Eggplant varieties with pulp without bitterness:

Early varieties of eggplant

Alekseevsky

The fruits ripen on the 90-100th day after full germination. The fruit is cylindrical, dark purple, glossy, smooth, 15-18 cm long, weighing 100-190 g. The flesh is dense, white, with a pleasant taste. Fruits weighing more than 250 g are light purple. The variety is resistant to tobacco and cucumber mosaic viruses, tolerant to other diseases. Productivity in film greenhouses is 8-10 kg per 1 m 2.

F1 Behemoth

The fruits ripen on the 101st day after full shoots. The fruit is pear-shaped, dark purple in technical ripeness, 18-22 cm long, rounded apex. The pulp is medium dense, greenish-white. The taste is good and excellent. Fruit weight 322-341 g. Productivity 17.3 kg per 1 m 2.

F1 Valentine

The fruits ripen on the 90-95th day after full germination. The fruits are cylindrical, purple-black, shiny, smooth, 25-26 cm long, weighing 200-270 g. The flesh is dense, greenish-white. Resistant to tobacco mosaic virus. Productivity up to 10 kg / m 2.

Quartet

The fruits ripen on the 107-122nd day after full germination. The fruit is shortened pear-shaped, 11.5-14 cm long, 6-8 cm in diameter, dull, greenish-violet. The pulp is white-green, medium density with a large number of seeds, good taste. Fruit weight 102-123 g. Productivity 8.2-12.6 kg per 1 m 2.

F1 Max

The fruits ripen in 90-100 days from full shoots. The fruits are oblong-cylindrical, dark purple, shiny, smooth, up to 25 cm long, weighing 180-250 g. The flesh is dense, greenish-white. The taste is excellent. Productivity over 10 kg from 1 m 2.

F1 Nancy

The fruits ripen on the 75-85th day after full germination. Fruits are oblong-ovoid, dark purple, shiny, weighing 60-80 g. The flesh is dense, greenish-white with a pleasant taste. Productivity is 3.5-5 kg ​​per 1 m 2.

Purple Haze

The fruits ripen on the 102nd day after full germination. The fruits are cylindrical, 15-18 cm long, 4-6 cm in diameter, glossy, from light lilac to lilac in color, with delicate skin and whitish flesh. Fruit weight 150-196 g. Productivity up to 10 kg per 1 m 2.

F1 Purple Wonder

The fruits ripen on the 95-100th day after full germination. The fruits are cylindrical, slightly curved, medium length, smooth, shiny, dark purple. The flesh is greenish-white with a pleasant taste. Fruit weight 100-350 g. Productivity up to 5 kg per 1 m 2.

Mid-season varieties of eggplant

Diamond

The fruits ripen on the 109-150th day after full germination. The fruits are cylindrical, dark purple, 15-20 cm long, 3-6 cm in diameter. The flesh is greenish, dense, without bitterness. Fruit weight 100-170 g. Productivity up to 8 kg/m2. It is recommended for cultivation in those regions where this crop produces an open field crop.

Comet

From germination to technical ripeness 118-125 days. The plant is compact, 75-90 cm high. The leaves are dark green, medium in size. The fruits are cylindrical, dark purple in technical ripeness. Fruit length 20-22 cm, diameter 5-5.7 cm. The flesh is white, dense, without bitterness. Fruit weight 125-170 g. Weakly affected by anthracnose and phytophthora. Yield 6 kg/m2

sailor

The fruits ripen on the 104-110th day after full germination. The fruit is oval, short, striped - with lilac and white stripes, glossy. The pulp is white. Fruit weight 143 g. Productivity up to 5 kg per 1 m 2.

Swan

The fruits ripen on the 100-130th day after full germination. Light green leaves and green, anthocyanin-free stem shade well white color flowers and fruits are cylindrical, 18-22 cm long and 5-7 cm in diameter with a very thin skin. The flesh is also white and very tender. Fruit weight 128-330 g. Productivity 2-3 kg per 1 m 2.

F1 Pelican

The fruits ripen on the 116-117th day after full germination. The fruit is cylindrical, 16-17 cm long, 4.5-5.2 cm in diameter. In technical ripeness, white, slightly glossy, with dense white pulp. Fruit weight 90-134 g. Productivity up to 7 kg per 1 m 2.

F1 Ping Pong

The fruits ripen on the 116-117th day after full germination. The fruit is round-oval, 5-7 cm long, 4.5-6.8 cm in diameter, white in technical ripeness, slightly glossy, with dense white pulp. Fruit weight 87-93 g. Productivity up to 7 kg per 1 m 2.

Surprise

The fruits ripen on the 116th day after full shoots. The fruit is cylindrical, glossy, dark purple, 20-22 cm long, 7-8 cm in diameter, weighing 300-400 g. The flesh is greenish-creamy, contains few seeds. The taste is excellent. Productivity 4.1-4.3 kg per 1 m 2.