Roses in a greenhouse are a great solution for the soul and for business. Growing roses as a business

Technology of growing roses in a greenhouse

Roses can be grown in a greenhouse all year round Roses can be grown in a greenhouse all year round. Flowers are stored for a long time, and their appearance most attractive. As a rule, the presented type of flowers is grown for sale.

In this case, landing takes place from February to November. At this time, the rose is the most expensive.

The most profitable time is spring, on the eve of March 8th. Buyers are snapping up fragrant flowers that do not contain harmful substances.

Features of cultivation and care

Growing roses in a greenhouse is not easy. It is necessary to follow some nuances. First you need to create a spacious greenhouse that will have the right ventilation system.

You can learn how to make ventilation yourself here. In order to grow a large number of roses, the greenhouse must be fully automated. If you do all the work manually, it will be very difficult to cope. It is not easy to grow roses in a greenhouse. The processing of seedlings is of great importance.

If you order them by mail, be prepared for the fact that the plant will lose a large amount of moisture. Therefore, before landing, you will have to feed it.

To do this, the seedlings are placed in water for 18 hours. In the event that the seedlings are planted after long-term storage, a series of steps will have to be taken. First, they are saturated with moisture, then the root system is dug in, but the grafting site remains open.

Such bushes require abundant watering. Moreover, in this case, the risk of diseases increases. To prevent this from happening, copper composition is being processed. It is better to purchase seedlings in boxes with peat.

They cost more, but there will be fewer problems. In this case, it is necessary to carry out moderate watering. However, the leaves should dry out before evening.

During transplantation, you will have to get rid of peat. From the tools you will need:

polyethylene film; peat.

Rose seedlings are planted in a pre-dug pit. Before planting, a pit is dug in the greenhouse. Its depth should reach 60 cm. Then the pit is filled with a special soil mixture so that the flowers are comfortable.

Then you can plant seedlings. Growing roses in a greenhouse involves care. First, it is necessary to maintain a normal temperature. At the same time, during the blooming of the buds, the temperature must be slightly lowered, during the flowering period - increased.

The humidity level should be at around 70 percent. AT winter time required additional lighting. In summer, on the contrary, it is necessary to slightly shade the bushes with curtains.

Among other things, regular ventilation is required. The soil is mulched with manure. Every month, fertilizing with mineral fertilizers is carried out. In December, the air temperature should be from 0 to 3 degrees. The soil periodically requires weeding and loosening.

Before a state of prolonged dormancy, the stock is pruned. It is also necessary to treat bushes with pesticides from various diseases and pests. Growing roses in a greenhouse involves care

soil fertilization

Before planting, the soil is fertilized with peat, manure, superphosphate, ammonium sulfate. In order to strengthen the soil, you can use perlite or mineral wool. A nutrient mixture of soddy soil, peat and mullein has a good effect on the growth of roses.

Bone meal is also added to it. It is important and correct to store seedlings. They are afraid of the cold, which means that it is necessary to wrap them in a cloth when it gets cold. Since roses cannot do without moisture, they are watered even if they are wrapped for the winter.

The seedling is covered with earth so that the graft is located slightly above the soil level. The flowers are cut 20 centimeters higher than the graft level is located. If the soil is loose, the seedling is deepened.

You need to act carefully, if you dig too deep - the roots rot, not deep enough - the plant will wither. For 1 square meter do not plant more than 20 pieces of plants. After planting, watering should be carried out to strengthen the roots.

You can use a hose. Excess shoots are removed. Roses cannot do without moisture.

Diseases of greenhouse roses

If the rules for care are not followed, the rose may get sick. Diseases can be non-infectious and infectious. In turn, infectious diseases are divided into bacterial, viral and fungal. Most often, fungal diseases occur, namely: downy mildew, rust, powdery mildew, gray rot and black spotting.

powdery mildew

The disease is characterized by the fact that the leaves are curled, and red spots appear on them. Then there is a characteristic plaque on the shoots, buds, leaves. The disease appears due to sudden changes in temperature.

During the summer there may be several outbreaks of the disease. AT autumn period the leaves dry up, black dots form on them. powdery mildew a characteristic plaque appears on the shoots, buds and leaves of roses

Rust

Yellowish tubercles may appear on the leaves. As a result, the leaves wither and fall off. By autumn on inside leaf pads turn brown. Branches may dry out and become covered with ulcers.

The disease occurs due to warm weather and high humidity.

Gray rot

In early spring or late autumn, the shoots turn brown and die. Then a gray fluff is formed. The flower stems are dying. The buds do not open or are ugly. Leaves dry up.

Mostly dense varieties suffer from the presented disease.

Bacterial root cancer

Growths appear on the roots, which subsequently rot. As a result, the bushes develop poorly and die.

downy mildew

As a rule, the disease manifests itself in early June. The bark cracks and takes on a purple hue. Purple spots appear on the leaves. As a result, the leaves dry up and fall off, while the plant first loses top leaves and then the lower ones.

A gray coating may appear on the inside of the sheet. The buds do not open, the rose stops growing. The disease occurs due to wet and cold weather.

black spot

Black spots appear on the leaves, they shrink and fall off. AT winter period the affected rose dies. In fallen leaves, the infection persists.

Tracheomycotic wilt

Leaves fall and turn yellow. If you cut the stem, you can see that the vessels have darkened. A year is enough for the bush to die.

Viral mosaic rose

The leaves become small, yellow-green specks form on them. The leaves fall, the shoots become smaller. Bushes become infected during vaccination.

Rosa is quite capricious. It makes demands on humidity and temperature, top dressing. When grown in a greenhouse, caring for roses is much easier.

It is better to choose a greenhouse from polycarbonate. The material allows you to create optimal conditions for growing roses. Polycarbonate does not burn, perfectly transmits sunlight. At the same time, it perfectly withstands temperatures from minus 40 to plus 120 degrees. The foundation for a polycarbonate greenhouse is not required. The bushes are planted in January. First, the seedlings are placed tightly to each other. On the next year it is necessary to reduce their number by 2 times. When choosing lighting, you should pay attention to the fact that the light should fall on the leaves, and not on the soil.
Humidity should not be higher than 70 percent. If the humidity is different, various diseases may develop. It is necessary to monitor the temperature regime. During the day the temperature should be 22 degrees. At night? about 20. In summer, the temperature can be slightly higher. But at night it is necessary to set the temperature regime equal to 15 degrees. The indicators are regulated gradually! You can graft a rose on a wild rose. The technology is quite simple. You will need a regular rosehip. Its roots are washed and cut into pieces equal to 15 cm. Vaccination is carried out in mid-March.

To grow a rose, you have to try. Care technology is quite complex. It is necessary to make top dressing, monitor the level of humidity and temperature.

You can graft a rose on a wild rose.

Growing roses in a greenhouse (video)

Growing roses is an extremely promising and profitable business. A novice entrepreneur needs a little to start an activity:

A small plot of land. It is profitable to engage in this business if you have a greenhouse - so you can get roses all year round. So, you need to build a heated greenhouse with lighting. Sales market.

For beginners, it is better to limit yourself to small volumes. So you can learn all the intricacies of the rose growing business. Tax law for small business, proudly calling itself "Personal household plot", is also very attractive.

If you decide to increase volumes and increase profits by organizing your own flower salon, you will have to apply for the status " Individual entrepreneur". But for growing agricultural products, tax rates are low.

What should be the greenhouse?

Rose - capricious flower. Grow her up open field difficult. By growing it in a greenhouse, you will make a profit, regardless of climatic conditions in the region, weather and time of year. But greenhouses are different.

If you want to make a profit from growing roses, the most profitable and modern version is a polycarbonate coated greenhouse. Must Read: Greenhouse business - highlightsIn the greenhouse, it is imperative to build a foundation with a base height of at least 30 cm.

Plants will freeze on bare ground. Needed in the greenhouse and watering, it is better to choose an automated drip option. In the winter months, it is impossible to grow roses without additional lighting and heating.

The power source for this equipment will be electricity. Might be worth buying solar panels. You will make a large cash investment at the very beginning, but then you will not overpay for electricity and depend on problems in the general networks. How your business progresses is 70-80% dependent on whether you take the process of acquiring or building a greenhouse seriously.

Initial investment

The business of growing roses in terms of investment at the initial stage is simple and straightforward. You need to spend money only on the construction or purchase of a greenhouse and planting material.

We make the calculation for the greenhouse area of 100 m². The average cost of polycarbonate for 1 m? with an automatic irrigation system in a greenhouse will cost approximately 2300 rubles.

To this must be added the construction of the foundation, heating system and other devices in the greenhouse to reduce the risk of plant death. As practice shows, in the calculations you need the cost of 1 m? multiply by 2. Total, 1 m? = 4600 rubles. For an initial investment in a 100 m2 greenhouse? about 460 thousand rubles should be prepared.

You can save on materials or cost installation work. But to refuse devices that will help you get a high yield and make possible cultivation roses in winter, you can’t. You can’t save on planting material either.

Buying in bulk is much more profitable than collecting several bushes in different farms. If you have the opportunity to purchase all rose bushes on one farm, you can count on a cost of about 220-230 rubles. for a bush

When purchasing planting material, it is naive to hope for 100% survival of flowers. A stock of 100 pieces is economically feasible. As a last resort, you can plant extra planting material in open ground and increase the yield in the summer. Summing up the cost of planting material for a rose growing business, you can deduce an amount of 115 thousand rubles. Amount of initial expenses: 460 thousand rubles. + 115 thousand rubles. = 575 thousand rubles.

Current expenses

The lion's share of current expenses falls on the following items:

heating; operation of the irrigation system in the greenhouse; chemical substances to stimulate growth and control diseases and pests of roses.

The most common option for heating and starting irrigation is electricity. Depending on the region where you live, the amount will vary. Multiply the cost of kW / h by 150 kW / day.

In the winter time in early spring and in late autumn, count on 4500 kW / month. During warm periods, heating is not required, saving on electricity will be about 70%. It is necessary to treat roses with chemicals.

Stimulation of growth, bud formation and flowering will bring tangible benefits. Insect and disease control in the rose business is done regularly. You will spend about 3 thousand rubles on chemicals. per month.

It is necessary to plan 36 thousand rubles for this a year.

Estimated profit from the sale of roses

Let's move on to the fun part. If you manage to get successful varieties of roses, even with the usual growing technology, you can get 250 cuts from a bush in a year. From 1 m?: 250 x 4 \u003d 1,000 slices.

From the greenhouse, you can harvest 100,000 roses a year. With a minimum wholesale price of 40 rubles. for a flower, and in winter and in holidays it increases significantly, for the year your minimum revenue will be 4 million rubles.

The first cuts can be expected within six months after planting seedlings. 4 million rubles. - 575 thousand rubles. - 85 thousand rubles. regular expenses (this is the maximum) = 3 million 340 thousand rubles. This is an indicator of net income after a year of business existence. If you can establish implementation and avoid the appearance of diseases in roses, you will pay off in 6-8 months. The profitability of such a business, even according to the most conservative estimates, is 70%.

The best varieties of roses for successful breeding

The rose is grown cultivated plant a very long time ago, and over hundreds of years, many varieties have been bred, and not all of them are suitable for breeding in greenhouses. It is important to choose right sort not only in terms of the external qualities of the buds, but also in terms of resistance to various adverse factors, powdery mildew, various other diseases and pests.

The most common greenhouse roses are floribunda, grandiflora, in addition, miniature tea roses are often grown, which will decorate the bouquet. Rose Gojjar or Queen Elizabeth are considered the most resistant varieties, which are extremely rarely affected by pests. hybrid varieties, artificially bred by man: Carina, Baccara, Casanova, Pascali. They may have different shades buds, and every gardener can bring out a new hybrid that will have a special shade. There are special varieties miniature roses, most of which were originally bred for greenhouse cultivation. These are Little Flirt in red-yellow, Skarlet Gem, which have an orange tint, and Beauty Secret, rich red roses that look just great. Sometimes roses are grown in greenhouses that are fully adapted to artificial lighting. These greenhouse varieties are content with a relatively small amount of light, but they are able to produce very beautiful buds.

The choice of rose variety depends on whether you are going to plant them, or plan to plant bushes with their own root system. In the first case, you can get stronger and more powerful stems, but there will be much fewer flowers on grafted bushes. In addition, if you do not plan to grow flowers only for sale, you can focus on personal taste.

Planting and growing greenhouse roses

Greenhouse plants have their own characteristics, because their growth and development are completely dependent on the conditions created by man. It is important to follow the basic rules that will allow you to get active shoots with a large number of buds that can survive pruning and transportation. To grow roses, planting is carried out as follows:

Growing roses requires enriched land with lots of nutrients. Peat, superphosphate, rotted manure and other types of fertilizers are introduced into the soil, which should provide the plants with everything necessary for growth. Planting material must be wound in a place protected from the cold, as the seedlings are very afraid of frost. For short-term storage, seedlings are placed in open cardboard boxes, they can also be dug into the ground, leaving the grafting site open. The bushes should not dry out, they must be constantly sprayed. Before planting, the prepared seedlings are kept in clean settled water for some time, then they are cut about 20 cm above the graft and planted in the ground, the temperature of which should not fall below 12 degrees. The place of vaccination as a result is near the ground. Planting depth is very important aspect: poorly buried seedlings will quickly die, and those planted too deep may begin to rot. 10 seedlings or a little more are planted per square meter, depending on the variety chosen and the future size of the bush. If too many of them were planted, the bushes will have to be thinned out in the second year so that they do not interfere with each other. Before planting, the soil must be well moistened, this will allow the plant to root faster and ensure maximum soil compaction. In a large garden, it is better to water the soil from a hose.

With the right selection of seedlings, you can get guaranteed rapid growth and big number buds in the shortest possible time, so you need to carefully consider the selection of planting material.

Cultivation and basic rules of care

For the first time after planting, the temperature in the greenhouse should not exceed 10 degrees. If it is warmer, the seedlings will grow unevenly, and some of them will die, which is very desirable to avoid.

If the temperature rises above 15 degrees, then the roses will need to be constantly watered to prevent the roots from drying out. Immediately after planting, for a while, the seedlings can be covered with a film so that the earth does not dry out, as this can harm the roots.

When the shoots reach a height of 2 cm or more, the film is removed, and a rapid growth of green mass can be expected. The rose does not like damage to the leaves, in addition, it moisture-loving plant requiring frequent spraying. At first, after planting, the roots will not be able to get the right amount of water, so the air itself must be humid. The more magnificent the bush is, the more buds will appear on it, and the higher its productivity will be. To improve leaf growth, several recommendations should be followed:

Humidity in the greenhouse should be approximately 70%, this ensures proper hydration of the green mass. In hot weather, direct sunlight should not be allowed to fall on leaves and buds. The rose is very fond of sunlight, but too hot rays can burn the leaves and lead to shedding of the petals. Shade for the hottest hours will keep the bush healthy. The earth should be loose and moist, a small amount of mineral fertilizers is applied to it every month. Compacted soil prevents the growth of the root system, which means that the leaves will grow noticeably worse. The greenhouse requires constant care, as the rose is a capricious plant. It will need to be regularly sprayed with pest control products, the soil is cleaned of weeds that can adversely affect root system. In December, it is recommended to arrange a rest period. This is the time when the temperature in the greenhouse does not rise above 3 degrees, the shoots of all plants are cut off. This is necessary to prevent the aging of the bushes: after the end of this period, the young shoots will grow with renewed vigor, and this will again allow you to get a large number of bright buds.

Caring for prose is quite difficult, a capricious plant quickly reacts to any changes in temperature and light.

Rose grafting to wild rose

Growing shrubs with their own root system is not the only option in a greenhouse. Very often, many varieties are propagated by grafting, and for this they use ordinary dog rose.

It grows quickly and has a strong root system, which means that the grafted shoots are very likely to take root, and it will be possible to get young shoots. the best varieties greenhouse roses. Rosehip seedlings, which already have their own root system, are planted in containers with soil, which consists of soddy soil and humus in a ratio of 4: 1. During the winter, seedlings are stored in a cool place, such as a basement or outdoor greenhouse. You can vaccinate as early as March-April, this best time in order for the new shoot to take root. This operation is carried out as follows:

Seedlings are transferred to a greenhouse for some time, the air temperature in which should be 8-10 degrees. Gradually, the temperature is raised to 20 degrees, for the plant this is a signal to start sap flow, after which it is possible to vaccinate. Cuttings harvested from autumn can be grafted for about 10-15 days. The neck of the stock is freed from adhering soil, its aerial part is carefully cut off. The bark is carefully cut on the root neck, the length of the cut is up to 3 cm. the stalk of the scion is carefully inserted, it must have at least 2 buds. After that, the vaccination site is wrapped with polyethylene. Pots with grafted bushes are placed in boxes with peat or sawdust. A film is stretched over the grafted shoots, under it in a greenhouse it is necessary to maintain a temperature of about 22-25 degrees. Soon young shoots will begin to appear, and very soon leaves will appear on the grafts. After that, it will be possible to clean the greenhouse, and the bushes are placed either on the shelves of the greenhouse, or planted in large containers for further cultivation.

Propagation by grafting helps to get bushes with a stronger leaf mass, but it is not always possible to get a large number of buds in the first year.

Proper warming of roses in the greenhouse

To grow quickly, a rose needs a certain microclimate to maintain a constant correct temperature and the absence of drafts. To do this, you need to take care of the insulation of the greenhouse and the organization of additional artificial lighting with the help of lamps. This applies to several aspects:

The bottom of the greenhouse must not be allowed to freeze, as this will lead to the rapid death of the root system of plants. Because of this, greenhouses are often installed on a foundation: it should not be too strong, since the structure is light in weight, but it must have a base height of at least 30 cm. With a tape-reinforced foundation, it is necessary to make a pillow of sand and gravel with a recess up to 70 cm. It is more profitable to make a greenhouse frame from a metal profile, since a wooden one creates too large area dimming. Only cellular polycarbonate is used as a coating material - organic material provides effective protection by cold. The best option- use not one layer of polycarbonate, but two, so that an air chamber forms between them. This will keep the luminous flux, but the greenhouse will be much better protected from cold air. The effect of a thermos allows you to further save on heating.

Basic option heating equipment- an electric boiler, with which you can provide uniform heating without sudden temperature fluctuations. However, this is also the most expensive type of heater, so sometimes you have to look for other options. For artificial lighting, lamps are used that can almost completely replace sunlight on cloudy days.

However, overheating should not be allowed: if the sun is too bright, the greenhouse will need to be covered with curtains, and the roses will need additional moisture. The best option is drip irrigation from above, in which water will fall not only on the ground, but also to a greater extent on the leaves.

cutting rose buds

When growing a bush, side shoots are removed from it so that several of the strongest sprouts remain, on which large buds can grow. Even after pruning, they will be ready for the next flowering very quickly, and you can again get magnificent roses:

Flowers are cut before full bloom, and this operation is recommended to be carried out in the morning. At the first cut, the grower should try to keep as much green mass as possible so as not to weaken the plant. After cutting, the buds are transferred to the sorting room, they must be stored either in containers with cool water or in the refrigerator for 12 hours. After that, they will be ready to be sent for sale.

It is not necessary to grow roses in a greenhouse just for sale. An amateur gardener can set aside one corner of the greenhouse for them to paint their house with gorgeous fresh buds.

1 strong bush is capable of producing up to 8-9 flowers per season, and they can turn into the best decoration for the house. You can experiment with crossing roses different varieties resulting in interesting hybrids.

Growing roses in greenhouses has been used for a very long time, and now the most advanced technologies have been developed that allow you to get a large number of buds. When correct organized lighting and moistening the soil, the bush will regularly produce flowers, and they can become a constant source of profit. More information can be found in the video.

Growing roses - incredibly profitable and decoration of any garden.

Under normal conditions these royal varieties delight with their flowering only a few months a year, which can upset some farmers and gardeners.

However, if you have a greenhouse and follow a few requirements, you can achieve their flowering all year round.

The very process of growing roses in winter can be costly. If this is your first time doing this, please read useful information on this issue.

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greenhouse requirements

How to grow roses in a greenhouse? The main advantage of growing roses in a greenhouse is that the plants will no longer depend on a certain season year, weather, etc. These flowers are always popular and in demand, therefore, if there is a sales market, they can bring their owner a very good income.

But not everything is so simple when growing roses in a greenhouse all year round. After all, not every variety will produce high-quality harvest in greenhouse conditions , and when building a greenhouse, you need to comply with some requirements:

You will need a tall and spacious greenhouse. The distance from the upper shoots to the ceiling must be at least two meters;
she is must be of solid construction, since she will have to stand for several seasons in a row and will not collapse from a variety of weather conditions (an excellent choice of material for construction will be, which is very easy to use);
for better lighting, the greenhouse should have transparent walls and a ceiling;
building should be well insulated to external weather did not affect the internal microclimate;
there should be some specialized equipment in the greenhouse: as well as artificial lighting to simulate the natural level.

A photo

Let's see how the greenhouse with flowers looks like in the photo below.

As for the choice of roses for planting, this is the best resistant varieties are suitable to common diseases of roses. An excellent option would be grandiflora, floribunda, miniature and hybrid tea varieties (for example, Queen Elizabeth or Rose Gaujard).

For planting in winter, species are better suited, not needing a lot of light: Zorina, Geheimrat Duisberg and Better times. For cultivation Dutch roses in greenhouses, varieties such as Aqua, Freedom, Medzhik, Versilia and a number of others are suitable.

Preparing and planting seedlings

Even if you created everything the necessary conditions and got the seedlings themselves, then don't rush to start to their landing. During transportation and long stay in cold store they lose a lot of moisture. Therefore, before planting, the seedlings are left in the water for about one day.

If your roses have been transported for too long, then when planting they only need to be dug slightly so that there is free space for grafting in the air, and the entire root system is in the ground.

In cases where planting material you were provided in a package with peat, then it must be removed during planting, and the plants themselves quickly put into the ground or pots, and then water only lightly.

There is no set time frame for planting roses in a greenhouse. The only exceptions are January and February, when there is very little sunshine. The technology for growing roses in a greenhouse is as follows: before planting, make sure that you have dug a fairly spacious hole. The roots of seedlings should lie evenly on its bottom, and not cling to the edges of the hole.

However the main thing is not to overdo it, in a hole that is too large, the roots of the rose will begin to rot. Greenhouse soil should be treated in advance with rotted manure and pus, superphosphate and ammonium sulphate. These substances will ensure the active formation of shoots. The soil itself should also be warmed up to 12 ° C.

After planting the seedlings, they should be evenly moistened so that not a single tip of the shoots dies. Optimum temperature level air for young plants is about 18 ° C.

As for the density of the bushes in the greenhouse, it will be slightly higher than under normal conditions. And will make 10 flowers per square meter. In this case, the variety of your rose should also be taken into account, because some of its species have a high density of greenery.

If the bushes are lush, then the frequency of planting should be slightly reduced. After the first year of life, especially large bushes can be thinned out. When planting roses in pots with grafted seedlings the aerial part is cut off by about 60 percent. As land mixtures, a loamy soil mixture with humus is used.

Keep them at a temperature of only 6 ° C and increase it by 2 degrees every ten days up to 12 ° C. Just at this time flowers are very demanding on moisture Don't forget to water them regularly.

How long does a rose grow in a greenhouse? If everything goes well, the first buds will appear in a little less than a month. After they appear, the temperature in the greenhouse should be increased to 20°C, and then lowered again to 16°C after the buds have acquired color. You need to understand that the yield of roses in a greenhouse depends on many factors.

Care and cultivation

How to grow roses in a greenhouse? In order for your roses to grow beautiful and bright, they will have to be supported on everything. life path. Therefore, here one can distinguish a few highlights worth remembering for a young gardener:

Roses should be watered daily, drip method. With this method, water will fall not only under the bush itself, but also on the leaves;
Top dressing should be carried out monthly, most suitable: fermented infusion of chicken manure, complex fertilizers, infusion of ash and manure;
Soil around roses should be loosened from time to time so that it passes air better;
Keep your beds free of weeds and maintain the right flowers microclimate. Soil temperature should be 12 ° C, and air 22 ° C;
In the greenhouse for roses need to support not only the temperature climate, but also air humidity. It should be at around 70%.
Humidity is especially important for young plants, the roots of which cannot yet absorb moisture. required amount moisture. In this case, the usual daily spraying is also suitable;
Flowers in a greenhouse should grow in good light conditions, approximately 16 hours a day. In the cold winter and autumn, when one sunlight is no longer enough, the previously mentioned artificial lighting systems, namely phytolamps, are used. In summer, the greenhouse should be covered with roller shutters or very thin woven materials to prevent the sheets from burning;
Equally important are pruning shoots and cutting buds. These procedures lengthen the flowering period and contribute to the rejuvenation of the bush.

On the last steps worth a closer look because it's not that easy for them.

Whatever variety you shorten the shoots, the minimum length of the latter should be at least 30 cm and from 7 to 12 buds on each.

To prevent the exhaustion of bushes, roses lateral peduncles should be removed(they are weaker), leaving only the central ones. Then the bush will concentrate on fewer buds, which will make them larger and brighter. And immediately after their removal, the rose will prepare for the next flowering.

All cutting accessories should be pre-treat with a disinfectant solution so as not to bring an infection to your rose. Tools should be perfectly sharp and their blades should not have nicks or bumps.

Looking at everything possible difficulties and costs necessary to build a greenhouse and provide all the conditions necessary for the life of roses, it may seem that this is a costly business that is not worth all this effort.

However, with a careful and adequate approach, roses can be an excellent source of income for you, which will delight you not only with monetary profit, but also with its beautiful appearance.

Watch a useful video about growing roses in greenhouse conditions:

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Beautiful and long lasting roses can grow in a greenhouse up to 9 months a year, and even arrange their sale. This is called forcing to cut, and the most optimal months in this regard are from February to November. But in December and January it is unprofitable to deal with greenhouse roses, because a lot of expenses will already be spent on artificial lighting of plants - roses are still summer flowers. But in early spring, the price for them will be especially high, and at the famous women's holiday you can make very good money by selling "pets" from your own greenhouse: not transported from afar, not splashed with an unpleasant substance that preserves, but fresh, cut in the morning, grown just the same with love …

So, for growing roses always good big, spacious greenhouses well thought out ventilation. If possible, it is desirable to establish in them automatic watering, fertilization and temperature control. Or simply give your roses as much as possible more attention- they, like women, are very fond of care.

Video:

Growing roses is an extremely promising and profitable business.
It is profitable to do this business if you have a greenhouse - so you can get roses all year round.
By growing it in a greenhouse, you will make a profit, regardless of the climatic conditions in the region, the weather and the season. But greenhouses are different. If you want to make a profit from growing roses, the most profitable and modern option is a greenhouse with a polycarbonate cover.

All our articles from the category: Greenhouses and greenhouses

So how grow roses in a greenhouse ? And what to start with their seedlings that came by mail, for example? Firstly, during transportation, they lose moisture greatly, and therefore you should not rush to plant them - for a start, they need to be immersed in water for at least a day.

But if the seedlings were stored for too long, then when planting they only need to be dug up, leaving them in the air open space vaccinations, in the ground - the entire root system. Such bushes must be regularly moistened, and in order not to get sick while they take root, spray them with a copper preparation.

If you received the planting material in a box with peat, then the shoots themselves need to be lightly watered - but so that the leaves are already dry by evening. At the same time, it is no longer necessary to keep the planting material in peat - it is better to quickly plant it in the ground or pots. After all, such a filling of the box is nothing more than a kind of shock absorber for tender seedlings, and it is impossible to store them in such a substrate.

How to store cuttings of roses for the greenhouse

Planting roses in a greenhouse

So, for the early forcing of roses in a greenhouse today they use own-rooted roses- they give more than a hundred flowers from just one square meter. You need to plant them like this: a pit is dug in the greenhouse with a depth of 60 cm, filled with a nutrient mixture so that the soil is structural, rich in humus and nutrients, with a neutral reaction medium.

Growing roses in pots

The most traditional growing roses in a greenhouse - planting seedlings in pots , with preliminary removal of 2/3 of the above-ground part. Such flower pots are taken out to the greenhouse at the beginning of January and the plants are cut off over the grafted point. After that, the temperature in the greenhouse should be only +6°C for the first 10 days. And every next decade it needs to be increased by 2-3°C until it reaches 10-12°C, or in good light - +15°C. And it is during this period that plants especially need abundant watering.

So, the first rosebuds with proper care will appear in 20-25 days. And then the temperature in the greenhouse needs to be raised to 20-22 ° C, and after the buds take on color, lower it to 16-18 ° C - so that the roses bloom slowly, within 10-12 days.

Growing roses in pots

Growing roses in the garden

It is necessary to plant roses directly in greenhouse soil according to the scheme 40x25 or 30x30, 10-12 pieces per 1 m2. Although for more bountiful harvest some gardeners manage to place up to 25-30 roses per square meter, digging up half of them the next year.

Before planting roses in greenhouse soil, it is necessary to add 20 kg of manure, 10 kg of peat, 30 g of superphosphate and ammonium sulfate per square meter.

And also grow roses in a greenhouse it is also possible on a substrate of soddy land, peat and fresh mullein in a ratio of 4:5:1. The layer of this substrate should be about 70-80 cm. All this should be mixed and kept in a pile for a year, just before planting roses, adding meat and bone meal per kilogram per square meter and some mineral fertilizers.

When planting, the soil should be warmed up to 12 ° C, the roots of the seedlings should be dipped in water and planted so that the young shoot or the grafting site is not covered up - otherwise the roses will get sick.

Herself planting rose seedlings in a greenhouse should be carried out as follows: in very loose soil, you need to slightly deepen the plant, which, with further shrinkage, will itself be at the right level (with a deeper planting, these flowers quickly take root and grow poorly). After planting, the roses must be carefully watered with a hose so that all the roots settle well enough in the ground. And not sprinkling - it will not give any results. And in general, you need to be especially careful when planting roses: raised too high they will wither and grow poorly, and buried lower than necessary, they will be affected by the “root collar”.

By the way, before the start of forcing roses, it is impossible for the air temperature to exceed 10 ° C - otherwise the rooting will be uneven and some of the flowers will die immediately. But in ordinary greenhouses there are always small, but still tangible fluctuations in humidity and temperature, and therefore shoots of roses will still appear unevenly in them. And even healthy eyes may not germinate. Therefore, such a preliminary treatment of planted roses will not be superfluous: occulants (rose shoots) must be put in water for a day, then chained to the very eye in a special heated bed with moistened peat, and cover it all with a film. Shoots after that at a temperature of 18 ° C will go especially quickly and amicably. And as soon as they reach 2 cm, the film must be removed. And so keep the seedlings for a few more days.

How to grow roses in a greenhouse

After such treatment, roses can already be planted in their permanent place - so that the eye protrudes two fingers above the ground surface. Although if the products need to be obtained at a higher temperature than 10 ° C, then the roses are covered with a film right in the greenhouse until all the stems grow fairly evenly, and then open.

Rosehip grafting

In addition to planting own-rooted species, in greenhouse conditions, roses are also propagated by grafting. And this is how it is done: seedlings of an ordinary wild rose, with a well-branched root system, should be planted in pots with this mixture in the fall: 4 parts of soddy land + 1 part of humus. All winter, these seedlings in pots should be stored in a greenhouse or basement.

From mid-December until April, seedlings are already grafting. To do this, they first need to be brought into a greenhouse with a temperature of 8-10 ° C, which will gradually rise to 18-20 ° C. After 10-15 days, sap flow will begin at the seedlings - just at this moment, the cuttings prepared in the fall are grafted:

The neck of the rootstock must be cleared of the ground and cut off the aerial part.
On the root neck, you need to cut the bark longitudinally by 2-3 cm, carefully bending the edges with a knife.
In the incision, you need to insert the stalk of the scion, on which there are already 2 buds.
The vaccination site is wrapped with plastic wrap.

After that, it is advisable to dig pots with grafted roses into peat or sawdust (in boxes), and fill them with sawdust 2 cm above the cuttings. A film or frame should be applied over the boxes, and the temperature under it should be maintained at 22-25 ° C, often spraying with water. As soon as shoots appear and several leaves form on the scions, the pots can be removed from the box and placed on the greenhouse racks.

Growing flower care

It is important to take into account that roses grown in a greenhouse usually for one of two purposes: for implementation, or for getting a cut.

If you need a cut, then you need to expel one shoot, and all side and buds need to be removed, leaving only a short part of the shoot with 3 buds. It is from them that new shoots are then formed, and after 5-7 weeks the roses will bloom again. In addition, with well-established care, rose bushes can be grown fully developed even with 2-4 main shoots! By the way, it is for distillation that the buds of roses of tea-hybrid cut varieties are most suitable.

But if the roses are being prepared for sale, then you need to pinch the oculants over 3-4 leaves. So the shoot will become stiff, and in the axils the leaves will quickly form buds. In the future, they will germinate and form 2-3 stems, and after 12-15 weeks they will show off in the greenhouse flowering plants. Of the varieties, hybrid tea, polyanthic varieties and floribunda are suitable.

In the initial period of rose growth, the most optimum temperature in a greenhouse it is 18°C. At this time, their roots still cannot actively absorb moisture, and therefore it is important to use a sprinkler in the greenhouse to increase the humidity of the air. Drainage when forcing roses in a greenhouse should be closed. To do this, it is best to lay the pipes to a depth of 1 m and with a distance of 4-6 m from each other.

Roses are very light-loving plants, but they do not like it when the sun's rays fall on the soil, and not on the leaves. Therefore, the main task of the grower is to grow bushes with rich leaf mass in the greenhouse as soon as possible. But, if the bush sprouts too powerfully, it can be thinned out. And, finally, to make the rose bush stronger, at the budding stage, its first shoot is broken or bent. So, lying on the ground, he can no longer grow, and therefore the roots are gaining strength.

What is interesting in recent times new materials such as coconut, mineral wool, pumice and perlite began to be used to grow roses in greenhouses. This is done using the low-volume hydroponics method. So, for example, mineral wool in combination with artificial lighting for roses and drip irrigation gives very good results. It perfectly controls the root environment of the plant and regulates the main parameters.

Those who are engaged in the flower business know that bouquets are especially valued on holidays, and, unfortunately, not all of them fall on a warm summer period. In order not to miss the profit, many grow flowers for sale in greenhouses, including roses. Artificial maintenance of temperature and lighting allows you to get heat-loving flowers even in winter.

Highlights for growing roses in greenhouses

Greenhouse arrangement

By nature, it is very thermophilic, so care should be taken to create a suitable microclimate. When choosing a material for a greenhouse, experienced flower growers are advised to focus on cellular polycarbonate- it retains heat well.

So that the seedlings do not freeze, the foundation of the greenhouse must have a base at least 30 cm high. To ensure sufficient lighting, the ceilings of the greenhouse are made high.

When growing roses in winter, it is necessary to install additional lighting and heating in the greenhouse. You will also need to install a system for watering bushes (automatic drip irrigation is best).

The choice of soil and varieties of roses

Roses can be grown in a greenhouse:

On the beds. The soil in this case should be enriched with cow manure and superphosphate.
In pots. A substrate is preliminarily prepared from 5 parts of peat, 4 parts of soddy soil and 1 part of mullein (fresh) and kept for one year. Add before planting mineral fertilizers and meat and bone meal.

When choosing varieties for cultivation, preference should be given to popular, but not very whimsical, especially if you are engaged in greenhouse business for the first time. You can start with hybrid tea varieties or grandiflora. It is better to purchase in bulk with a small margin, in case the seedlings die.

Planting seedlings

Before planting, soak seedlings for 12-14 hours in water and remove weak shoots. Should be planted in warm ground, leaving the grafting site above the soil.

Planting density depends on the splendor of the selected variety. On average, per 1 sq.m. planted from 4 to 10 bushes.

Care for planting roses in a greenhouse

In order for all seedlings to take root, it is necessary to maintain a constant temperature in the greenhouse at 10 degrees Celsius. During the flowering period, the temperature is lowered. The greenhouse should be ventilated and maintain a humidity of about 70%.

Further care consists in timely feeding of seedlings, loosening and mulching of the soil, watering. If necessary, provide the bushes with additional lighting or, conversely, cover from direct rays.

Carrying out pruning of bushes and timely cutting of roses

To obtain large buds, side shoots are removed along with the buds formed on them. One strong shoot with 3 buds should be left.

When cutting roses for sale (preferably in the morning), enough green mass should be left on the bush to stimulate the formation of new shoots.

Growing roses in a greenhouse - video

The modern flower market can only be compared with a cornucopia, but with all the floral diversity, the most popular flower, still remains the queen rose. It is thanks to its huge popularity and popular love that many flower growers are seriously thinking about starting a business growing roses for sale. But what a novice florist may need for successful cultivation such plants are discussed in more detail below.

Alapaevsky roses

Despite the fact that the queen of the garden is a rather picky person, you can grow roses for sale if you strictly follow all the recommendations. When choosing a method of growing outdoors, you should give preference to those varieties that are suitable for your climate zone.

How are roses grown for sale? Everything is quite simple, in order to get a large number of beautiful marketable buds, you must strictly follow a few rules, namely:

good six-hour light;
Fresh air;
regular watering;
nutrient soil;
plant nutrition;
timely pruning of bushes;
hilling and periodic transplantation.

Strictly adhering to all these rules, a person is guaranteed to take a good flower harvest. And in the future, he himself will be able to advise a beginner on the question of how roses are grown for sale.

Planting roses

Highly important point landing rose bushes, is the quality of the soil from which the garden lady will receive all the nutrients she needs. For these purposes, a special mixture is prepared. Take the following ingredients in the same amount:

sod land;
humus;
sand;
rotted bird droppings.

In addition to the prepared mixture, a layer of gravel 2 cm thick is laid at the bottom of each hole to maintain soil moisture. After planting, each bush is spudded to a height of 20 cm, using earth or rotted leaves.

planting roses in open ground can be produced both in spring and autumn. As a rule, up to 15 plants are planted per square meter. They try to replant young rose bushes annually, and more mature ones no more than once every four years. It is worth noting that during plant transplantation, the root system should be handled carefully so as not to damage it. And when the plant is transplanted into a new hole with nutrient soil, the first top dressing is carried out in a month.

rose care

Roses grade "Pink Brighton"

To fertilize the plant and give it strength for proper growth, it is necessary to alternate organic with mineral means. Rose bushes begin to fertilize a month after transplantation and until the end of summer. In total, during this period, it is required to perform top dressing 9 times. With the onset of autumn, each plant also needs additional nutrition, but the autumn menu for roses should consist of phosphorus and potassium. It is worth noting that in the first year of life, plants are not very fond of top dressing; young plants fertilize no more than 5 times during the entire season.

As for watering, for better absorption, it is recommended to carry out such a procedure in the evenings. And during the growing season, watering is increased, as the process of bud formation begins.

Also, abundant watering must be ensured when top dressing is carried out. If the soil is dry, it should be loosened in order to prevent the formation of a crust. On the whole, in the best possible way will water less often, but more abundantly. And with the approach of autumn, watering gradually begins to reduce.

The garden queen needs periodic pruning to form a beautiful and healthy bush. Pruning is carried out in such a way that no more than 7 buds remain on each shoot. Such pruning is not only aesthetic, this manipulation helps to strengthen the rose bush.

Perform pruning 2 times a year, in spring and autumn. And in order to carry out such a manipulation, you need to stock up on the following inventory:

secateurs;
special scissors;
file.

As for pests and various diseases, in this case, such negative factors accompany the garden charm all the time, and therefore they should be dealt with resolutely. Experienced flower growers, who are engaged in breeding flowers for subsequent implementation, recommend the following manipulations for the fight:

to prevent an aphid attack, the rose bush is washed once a week with soapy water;
if applicable chemicals, then for each bush, after processing, it is necessary to put on a plastic bag for the night;
but to win spider mite, prepare garlic water and carefully spray each plant with it, it is recommended to repeat this procedure in a week.

Growing roses from budding to sale follows this principle. And in order to get the result in the form of financial dividends, you should clearly follow all the steps described above.

Growing roses in a greenhouse for sale

Perhaps one of the most important questions is what conditions are needed for growing roses. If a person grows roses in a greenhouse, then in the first week after planting the sprouts, it is necessary that the average daily temperature is + 10ºС, while absolutely all plants must be under the film. This method will ensure uniform growth of each flower. And if you don't follow this the most important rule, then some of the bushes may simply die in the future.

It should be noted that in private greenhouses it is difficult to maintain the required temperature. And so that such a problem does not affect the plants, small sprouts are kept in water for a day before planting.

At the beginning of growth, the roots of a rose do not fully absorb water, so watering should be done from a spray bottle. This method will help maintain the required air humidity, and thanks to the film, moisture will not evaporate quickly.

When the shoots reach 2cm. the film is removed, and if all the recommendations are followed correctly, then the bushes are transplanted to a permanent place, it can be like, further cultivation roses in tubs or in convenient containers.

Roses are very fond of light, but at the same time it should fall on the plant itself, and soil lighting should be kept to a minimum. And in order to achieve this effect, they increase the strength of the bush in order to provoke an intensive growth of greenery and thus concentrate the artificial light on the flower as much as possible. To do this, they make a break for a couple of centimeters at the first sprout, when the bush gets stronger, this will slow down growth and strengthen the root system. Such manipulation will not damage the plant, but on the contrary, it will make it stronger, which as a result will have a positive effect on flowering.

The ideal time for planting sprouts is January or February, provided that the room is heated. Sprouts are planted in soil with rotted manure. For the substrate, perlite or mineral wool is used. In large greenhouse farms, the method of growing rose bushes in mats, which are filled with a variety of useful substrates, is successfully used.

The main condition for the successful cultivation of roses is the observance of all storage technologies for seedlings, they must be reliably protected from low temperatures.

Humidity in the greenhouse should be at least 70%. And to achieve such indicators, drip irrigation is installed. An important role is also played by regular airing of the room where seedlings are grown. For such purposes, a ventilation system should be provided in the greenhouse.

For sale, rosebuds are cut early in the morning, before the moment when the garden queen begins to open her buds.

What varieties of roses should be chosen for subsequent sale

Growing roses for sale is not difficult if you properly organize the care and equip the room in which the garden queen will grow. The fact is that the main task of successful flower business this is getting beautiful buds at any time of the year. Therefore, when choosing a plant variety, it is necessary to give preference to exactly those species that are suitable for your climatic conditions. Such varieties will be resistant to various defects and pests.

In addition, one more point is taken into account, under what conditions it is planned to grow roses, in a greenhouse or on a plot.

If the cultivation of roses will be in greenhouses, then the following varieties will do:

Rose hybrid tea variety"Casanova"

Zorina (orange shade);
Better Times (scarlet);
Casanova (yellow with gold);
Carina (bright pink shade).

These are just a few of the common varieties. These representatives are resistant to various defects and pests that affect flowers, and also do not require much lighting.

Well, if you plan to grow roses for the sale of a variety in an open space, then the following types of roses are suitable for these purposes:

hybrid tea;
ground cover;
polyanthus;
miniature;

If the preference is given to the method of growing roses in the open field, then for the winter the bushes of the garden queen are carefully wrapped by earthing up and lining each bush with coniferous spruce branches.

As for choosing a place where roses are grown, many experienced flower growers recommend choosing a site according to the following parameters:

places where roses will be planted should not be exposed to strong winds;
each rose bush should be under the sun for at least 6 hours;
soil for roses must be well fertilized;
in places where it is planned to create a plot of roses, there should not be trees or other various buildings that can create a strong blackout;
after watering, the water should be completely absorbed by the ground.

To get beautiful buds, it is necessary to carry out timely watering, top dressing and pruning, after such manipulations, the garden queen begins to grow faster and delight with abundant flowering.

The entire period of growing such plants for further sale is called forcing roses for cutting, it starts from February and lasts until November.

How to build a greenhouse for growing roses with your own hands

Greenhouse for roses

Building a greenhouse for growing roses is the most important step in building your own and profitable business. Therefore, such a task must be taken with full responsibility.

Today, polycarbonate galvanized material is in great demand, which has effective thermal insulation. Such construction material, perfectly diffuses light, which is very important when growing roses in a greenhouse, and is able to maintain the required temperature. Moreover, such material does not burn and has such excellent qualities as durability and strength in operation.

The vast majority of greenhouses are mounted in length up to 15 meters, and in width up to 5 meters. At the same time, a single-pitched ceiling is installed in order to obtain uniform heating of the entire space. If everything is equipped with high quality, then the business of growing roses in a greenhouse for sale will give results all year round. True, from December to February, the room must be heated, as well as provide full lighting.

A solid greenhouse begins with a foundation, so this issue should be given maximum attention. The height of the base is made at least 30 cm. This will help protect rose bushes from freezing.

Concerning temperature regime for a garden queen, the temperature in the greenhouse should never fall below 10C. And when small sprouts take root, the temperature must be gradually raised to 20C. In general, the most optimal temperature for adult rose bushes is from 15C to 18C.

This technique is called growing roses in closed ground for cutting. If you build a greenhouse correctly and follow all the rules for growing roses, then a home flower business will certainly bring a good and steady income.

We create a business plan

Growing roses as a business with your own hands is a fairly highly profitable occupation. At the start, a person can receive a significant income not only from the sale of flowers, but also from the sale of sprouts, rose seeds, and even from the sale of garden queen petals. But in order to start earning income, you should make certain investments in this business. So, how to create a business plan for growing roses.

To create a turnkey business of your own, often your own accumulated capital may not be enough. In this case, you can use the state subsidy, since this type of activity is equated to the agricultural sector.

The main expenses a person will incur for the following items:

acquisition of the required land for the construction of a greenhouse;
purchase of material for the construction of the necessary premises;
the purchase of good planting material, for which you should not spare money;
acquisition various fertilizers and special tools for caring for rose bushes;
purchase of an irrigation system;
installation of heating and lighting for winter time;
opening of "IP" or "LLC".

But if you grow roses all year round, which requires a greenhouse, then 1 sq. meter will give you up to 250 luxurious flowers per year.

You also need to consider that in any business there will be certain losses. As a rule, when selling roses, they make up about 15%. But such unforeseen expenses are successfully offset by additional sales in the form of seedlings or seeds. By the way, there are companies that buy rose petals for further production of rose oil from this material. Therefore, do not rush to part with those flowers that have slightly lost their presentation, they can always be sold as petals. In general, the payback of such a business project is a year, and its profitability exceeds 70%.

What flowers other than roses can be grown for later sale

Often beginner flower growers who want to turn their favorite pastime into profitable business, they ask a question, besides the rose, what is the best-selling flower. The fact is that not every novice businessman can create conditions ideal for the growth of a rose. Since the garden charmer is very whimsical and capricious. But if you have a desire to sell flowers, then you should look at tulips or

These types of flowers are quite easy to maintain, and in popularity they are only slightly inferior to the garden queen. And as the start of a flower business, these plants will become indispensable.

Building a business is not a complicated procedure as it might seem at first glance. But in order for your business to become successful, you must strictly follow all the rules, and most importantly, work tirelessly. And in this case, success will certainly await you.