How to make light in a 1 room apartment. How to organize and distribute lighting in the apartment. Start electrical planning when a detailed furniture layout plan is ready

This article describes how to arrange lighting in a one-room apartment. The comfort and convenience of living for all family members depend on the magnitude of the luminous flux and the number of devices that provide it.

Optical radiation (light) is present in every corner of our house: at dusk, we flip a switch, set the backlight for flowers, put LED collars on our pets. Without noticing it, we use different types and levels of illumination.

Features of lighting in a one-room apartment

As a rule, in small apartments there are only two window openings, which is not enough for natural light. Therefore, it is very important to carefully consider additional lighting systems, taking into account the wishes of the residents and the peculiarities of the location of the lighting.

Entering the apartment, we find ourselves in a dark corridor. In the bathroom, pantry and other rooms, it is necessary to illuminate the entire space, every corner. In addition, pets, fish in an aquarium, potted flowers often live with us - they all need their own sunshine.

Often small children are afraid to sleep in the dark. To calm the child, you have to compromise and turn on the light. At night, to visit the toilet room, it happens to move along a dark hallway.

Rules for choosing lighting

Each case has its own rules, if you do not follow them, then expect trouble. For example, the absence of a floor lamp near the chair in which the owner reads the press will cause his discontent. The presence of a large number of incandescent lamps increases the amount of payment for electricity. To ensure comfortable and convenient living, it is advisable to draw up a lighting design for the room before starting repairs.

The following factors are of paramount importance:

compliance with the style of the interior;
functionality;
the number of additional rooms and zones;
energy consumption.

Additional information includes:

will the lighting be main or local;
what time of day it lights up;
presence of animals, flowers and plants.

Types of lighting

Will the optical radiation be warm or cold, depends on the type of lighting - natural or artificial. The most favorable for the human eye is the natural, but the practical functions of life support are performed by the artificial.

Through the windows, the sun's rays penetrate our guests, cheer up and make the room shine, even the furnishings and decor elements become brighter and more luxurious. But this process is short-lived, and in winter it is often and completely absent, here artificial light comes to our aid.

In order to meet today's dynamically developing rhythm of human life, manufacturers of lighting products annually create innovative technologies. The types and number of lighting devices are able to translate into reality the most unusual design projects.

natural

The main source of energy on Earth is the Sun, its radiation, passing through the layers of the atmosphere, acquires a yellowish tint, in which the retina perceives the rays. Cloud formation, synthesis procedures, biological processes are all products of sunlight.

Illumination of the earth's surface enables a person to contemplate the beauty of the surrounding world and enjoy the weather at different times of the year. Throughout the evolution of the development of the plant and animal world, humanity has worshiped the solar planet as a deity. The ritual holidays of the solstice - Kolyada and Kupala - are still celebrated.

Natural lighting provides the following natural effects:

vision of the surrounding world;
increase and decrease in air temperature;
meteorological weather changes;
cycles of photosynthesis;
ultraviolet radiation.

Ultraviolet has antiseptic properties, allows our body to receive vitamin D and pamper the body with a tan.

artificial

Modern lighting of the apartment is, first of all, the safety of vision. Properly located artificial light devices radically change the internal appearance of a residential building and make living in it pleasant and comfortable.

It is important to understand the importance of proper installation during repairs, so that later you do not have to ditch the walls and drill additional holes.

For a competent arrangement of electric light throughout the apartment, it is necessary to provide for all three lighting types in the project:

general;
local;
combined.

In general, uniform scattering of rays over the entire area is assumed. The most popular example is the presence of a large chandelier in the center of the ceiling. This method provides a measured hit of light on the entire territory at the same time.

Local illumination is used strictly in a certain area: in the area of mirrors in the bathroom and hallway, above the desktop in the kitchen and study, above the crib and in the bedroom.

The most relevant is the combined one, combining the previous types.

Zoning with light

In a one-room apartment, the entire life cycle of all family members takes place in a small limited area, which greatly complicates life and relationships. To avoid negative aspects, you need to delimit the space into general and private. Especially successfully this technique is used in a studio apartment.

The common area is illuminated by a central chandelier or spots, while private areas are illuminated by floor and wall lamps.

In a one-room apartment there is always a lack of free space. Dividing the living room into individual zones allows you to visually expand the room and create a secluded and well-lit corner for each inhabitant.

multilevel

Archi-modern multi-level lighting uses diverse light sources that ensure maximum efficiency in the use of the entire energy system in the apartment.

In practice, four light levels are used:

upper: spots and chandeliers;
medium: floor lamps and pendant lamps;
lower: duralight;
internal: illumination of niches, cabinets and dressing rooms.

When developing a lighting project for a one-room apartment, it is necessary to provide for all four levels, then in the future you will not have to change the luminous flux scheme.

LED lighting can be mounted on the ceiling, on the balcony and along the working apron in the kitchen. Track lights are in great demand, a wide range of products offered will satisfy the demand of even the most demanding customer.

Decorative lights

Decorative lighting is not used for its intended purpose, but to emphasize design elements. They are used where lighting fixtures should be invisible, and the light should be dimmed.

Application examples:

inserted into glass block;
built into the ceiling and floor plinth;
when highlighting pictures.

Small track lights are used to draw attention to a special element of decor. New models hit the market at an astonishing rate, driven by rapid progress in construction and design.

Lighting

A wide range of lighting fixtures complicates the selection process for each buyer, on the one hand, the diversity pleases, on the other, the fear of making a mistake upsets.

All light products are divided into groups according to:

power;
type;
the number of lamps.

Let's take a closer look at what types exist:

suspended;
built-in;
wall;
panel;
desktop;
ceiling;
floor.

The name itself speaks of the method and place of installation. In each type, there are a huge number of models, almost every interior style predetermines its specific shapes and sizes. Even if your apartment is not decorated in one stylistic design, it will definitely contain different models of lamps and light bulbs.

Incandescent lamps

An incandescent lamp is an evacuated bulb with an inserted spiral, filled with an inert gas, refers to an artificial light source.

Since 2008, legislative measures have been taken in Russia to save energy, which has served as a limitation on the use of such lamps, so their production has significantly decreased over 10 years.

They are subdivided by design and functional purpose into:

general purpose;
decorative, have the form of candles;
local lighting, with safe operating voltage;
illuminating, produced in colored flasks;
mirror, for the localization of the light flux.

Special ones are also produced - for photo labs and film projectors.

Fluorescent lamps

Such lighting has been familiar to every person since childhood, it is used in schools and clinics, otherwise it is called fluorescent lamps. This is a gas-discharge source in which an electrical discharge in mercury vapor creates ultraviolet radiation, which is converted into light visible to us.

The light output is many times greater than that of incandescent lamps, the service life is about five years, but with certain restrictions on the number of inclusions per day - no more than five times.

Low pressure lamps are used for residential lighting. With enhanced blue and red light emission - ideal for plants and aquariums, favorably affecting photobiological processes. Due to ultraviolet light, they make it possible to create a comfortable keeping of birds, bringing it closer to natural.

The disadvantage is the impossibility of connecting directly to the electrical network. To solve this problem, special ballasts (ballasts) are used.

Halogen lamps

Halogen - this is an incandescent lamp, in the flask of which a buffer gas (bromine or iodine vapor) is added, due to this, the service life is increased up to 4000 hours. In terms of efficiency, they are inferior to fluorescent and LED, but can be used without any modifications to replace conventional lamps.

A small glow temperature is a source of infrared radiation, the apartment is used in:

illuminated switches;
electric stoves;
microwaves;
soldering irons;
grills.

Innovative direction are IRC - halogen lamps with infrared coating, they have high light output and economical energy consumption.

When using this kind of light bulbs, care must be taken:

The flask is heated to fire hazardous temperatures. Upon completion of installation, contact with nearby objects should be avoided.
When installed with dimmers, it is sometimes necessary to turn on full power for 10 minutes to evaporate the tungsten iodide residue.
Very sensitive to sweat and grease, so you should only work with clean gloves.

If it becomes necessary to treat the flask with alcohol, it is important to remove the fabric fibers after wiping.

LEDs

A light emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device with an electron-hole junction that produces optical radiation when an electric current passes through it in the forward direction. The light emitted in this way lies in a small range of the spectrum, in other words, its crystal immediately emits a specific color.

It is used in home electronic household appliances:

hours;
ovens and refrigerators;
remote controls;
LCD TV screens;
children's toys.

The radiation range largely depends on the chemical composition of the semiconductors. Bright colors make it possible to decorate balconies for the New Year holidays in the form of a model of various animals, which creates a festive cheerful mood.

optical fiber

An optical fiber is a filament of visually transparent glass or plastic used to carry light within itself using total internal reflection. Glass fibers are made from quartz raw materials and fluorozirconate.

Main uses:

for home computer networks;
in a laser microphone;
as a voltage measurement sensor;
together with lenses.

Widely used in medicine and for decorative purposes. It is also indispensable in bright illumination of hard-to-reach places.

Choosing lighting for different rooms

A variety of types of lighting fixtures when creating an apartment interior design provide unlimited possibilities. You can skillfully illuminate the entire space, while reducing eye strain and providing comfort.

Consider lighting options for different rooms:

In the living room in the center of the ceiling, a chandelier with numerous shades is almost always placed. When receiving guests, the overhead light is turned on, and the rest of the time, the room will be illuminated by the soft luminous flux of wall sconces or halogen ceiling lamps.
In the bedroom, the general light should be diffused, creating an atmosphere of comfort and relaxation. The dressing table and bedside tables are equipped with wall spots.
For the hallway, several types and models of lighting are used. Spotlights or closed shades can be placed on the ceiling. In the area of the intercom and mirror - LED lights.
It is necessary to select lamps in the children's room very thoughtfully in order to combine functionality and safety. In this case, it is better to use ceiling and wall models. Lamps with a plafond in the form of butterflies, clouds and stars will turn the nursery into a fantasy and fairy-tale world.
When finishing in the bathroom, a stretch ceiling with built-in spotlights is installed. You can use ceiling spotlights with a diffuser. Usually, hanging cabinets above the sink are equipped with lighting above the mirror, which is very convenient and practical.
The kitchen space requires multi-level light. This requires a general and individual approach. Here you can use suspended structures, mount LED lighting above the work area and hang lamps above the dining table.

It is important to understand that the creation of a homely cozy atmosphere depends on filling all the rooms with light, you can revive something in the interior and even hide some flaws.

modern lighting

Modern lighting is now radically different from traditional lighting with a chandelier and a floor lamp. Innovative technologies have provided the emergence of different types and models that can change the interior of the room beyond recognition. Mounting light has gone from mundane to artistic, thanks to the development of new trends in lighting design.

Each person strives to decorate their homes in an exclusive style, but besides beauty, practicality and convenience are needed. Modern models are produced in the most incredible shapes, lamps emit unique shades of color, the luminous flux is able to smooth corners, make accents - and all this is safe for health.

Night lighting of the apartment

There are several options for night lighting in the apartment. In order not to make a mistake with the choice, you need to clearly understand the installation location: in the wall, on the floor or lighting around the perimeter of the ceiling. Night sources must be primarily fireproof, they have to burn all night when someone is sick in the house or the child is afraid of the dark. Elderly people illuminate access to the bathroom along a dark corridor.

In children's rooms, small toys-night lights are offered, glowing with a dim light and making the sounds of the sea, which has a lulling effect on the child. Desktop structures are installed for teenagers, often they are equipped with a scoreboard with a clock and a blackout timer.

For the elderly, luminous paths made of LED strips are provided to ensure safe movement in the dark.

Wireless

How could our grandparents imagine lighting without wires, but thanks to technological progress, this has become possible. Of course, this know-how still looks like a complex set of special equipment and is regulated using a control panel. Outwardly, it appears to be an ordinary TV remote control.

The wireless method consists of a radio relay and a switch (remote control). The radio relay, receiving a signal, closes or opens the electrical circuit. When you press the remote control button, an electrical impulse is created using the built-in generator, then it is converted into a radio signal that the relay picks up. In order for the lighting to be made bright or, conversely, muffled, a power regulator (dimmer) is needed.

With motion sensor

All sorts of unforeseen circumstances happen in life, for example, the switch is high up and the child cannot reach it, or when entering a dark dressing room it is difficult to turn on the light. In such cases, install lamps with a motion sensor.

The use of sensors allows:

increase the safety of movement in the dark;
save energy consumption;
warn of unauthorized entry (for example, into the basement).

It is simply impossible to overestimate the value of such an invention, it facilitates life processes so much.

Of key importance in the acquisition of lighting fixtures for a one-room apartment are their functional qualities. It may happen that a chandelier or a floor lamp charmed with its design, but has no practical value, so when choosing, it is useful to familiarize yourself with the recommendations of experts.

What to look for:

always remember that the main assistant is a local light;
be sure to use multi-level lighting;
use warm and cold shades;
install energy-saving light bulbs as much as possible;
in motion sensors provide protection from animals.

Before you make lighting in a studio apartment or in a house with your own hands, you need to carefully study the training materials, watch videos and get advice from experts.

The nuances of ceiling lighting

Ceiling lighting is undoubtedly very important, filling the room with light will depend on it. At low ceilings, built-in sources are added to help increase the height, at high ceilings, the use of suspended models is mandatory. In a large area, hidden tape lighting is used to uniformly illuminate every corner.

To avoid mistakes, you should take into account some nuances:

select lamps not according to one-model, but according to functionality;
the luminous flux of the source must divide the room into zones;
the design of the devices must match the style of decoration;
combine the color of the ceiling and spotlights;
if possible, use a combined type of lighting.

The location of ceiling lights must certainly be planned in advance, especially when installing stretch ceilings, because the wiring is laid in advance.

Video

This video shows examples of lighting in the apartment.

This video demonstrates lighting techniques in the hallway.

When watching this video, you will learn about the rules for lighting the kitchen.

Proper lighting in a living room is an important point that provides comfort and aesthetic perception of the interior. Light is given special attention when designing a studio apartment. Lighting plays a very important role in interior design.

Particular attention must be paid to creating light in a small room. Proper lighting visually expands the space.

Note. With poor lighting, the room looks dull and dull, precious space is lost, colors are distorted (sky blue turns into dirty gray).

Pendant lights are most often used above the dining area.
Lamps located high under the ceiling are best used in the corridor or hallway.

The lighting of the studio apartment is based on the principle of promoting zoning. The combination of natural light with the general one ensures the effectiveness of other methods of zoning a room.

The rather complex concept of "lighting design" combines three interrelated disciplines:

General design forms a physiologically substantiated background, where everything else is placed.

It also reflects the views of its inhabitants, individual styles (modern, high-tech) are not realized without suitable lighting (the interior loses all expressiveness).
Light design reflects the personality of the owner, it is plastic (easy to replace or move).

This division arose naturally. A serious lighting project contains all three elements. Elements of light architecture with interior lighting design are consecrated to reflect the solution of the general task of lighting.

Types of lighting

Types of light decor work with types of lighting:

Ordinary, natural.
Sets the background.
Ordinary local.
Designed for the work area.
Decorative design.

Daylight

Let's take a closer look:

It, passing through the glass, should not be too hard, sharp and overly directed.
The diffusing light is softened with the help of translucent or openwork barriers, for example, from tulle.
This ability has always been actively used to optimize natural lighting.

Note. Today, vertical fabric blinds are a means of directing light. They reduce the hardness of light (diffraction) even when their panels are directed parallel to the rays.

Turned panels diffusely reflect the flow in a certain direction.

If the blinds are moved aside, then the intercepted part of the light can illuminate a dark corner. There are "smart" blinds that are able to automatically maintain the optimal mode of illumination of the room.

Other types of lighting

Varieties	Functions	Solutions
Basic (main, background).	Evenly fills the room with the most neutral light.	Created by placing: · Built-in ceiling lights. · Sconces and floor lamps. These lamps give a warm, natural, diffused light that reflects off the walls and ceiling. Halogen lamps must not be used.
Working.	Targeted and brightly illuminates a specific area. It is necessary to ensure comfortable work and maintain health.	Provided by installation: · Table lamps. · Hanging lamps. · Floor lamps.
Accent (point, local).	Highlights individual objects in the room. Used to draw attention to decorative elements (paintings, photographs, sculptures). Such lighting gives the room dynamism. It is actively used to provide a cozy and comfortable atmosphere.	Hidden lamps, spotlights, wall sconces are placed, the light from which falls on a specific object.
Decorative.	It is an element of decor. It is not mandatory, but serves to create a general mood in the room.	There are decorative candles and lamps.

It is necessary to provide a shadowless, flooding background, deep shadows create psychological discomfort. It is practically enough to achieve openwork and penumbra.

local lighting

Working lighting should be focused on the eye, so its brightness, spectrum is determined based on physiological requirements. The kitchen area especially needs it, where the lamps (lights built into the wall cabinets) should be placed above:

Stove.
Washing.
Working surface.

In the hallway, bathroom, where a mirror is usually placed.
In the dining room, above the table to create a comfortable atmosphere.
Above an armchair (sofa), so that it is convenient to read or make something.
In the office (office area).
In the nursery, at the working (written, computer) table.

Note. Decorative lighting (ceiling lighting) can be used everywhere, but it should not be harmful to health.

Backlighting is an informal form of lighting that is rendered opaque when viewed from the outside. In addition, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the material (How to furnish a studio apartment).

artificial light

When creating lighting, you must follow the general rules:

Bright small apartments should be evenly lit.
Studio apartments decorated in dark colors are best zoned with lamps.
A working white light is mandatory.
For colored objects and local lighting, white light is recommended.
Accent lighting in the studio apartment of white objects can be done with colored light.

It is not difficult to draw lighting for a one-room apartment on a plan. Here it will be more difficult to deal with the connection of cable cores in junction boxes. We will talk about this a little later.

So, we need lighting in all areas of the apartment. This is a kitchen, room, bathroom, SU, also do not forget about the loggia and storage room. Therefore, we need to stretch cables into all rooms, correctly place switches and junction boxes.

At the first stage, we drew a plan of the apartment with interior doors and showed where they would open. This was necessary in order to correctly place the switches. It will be inconvenient if the switch is in the room behind the door! Where should they be placed?

The first input light switch should be placed in the corridor 10 centimeters from the doorway. It can be either on the right side or on the left. Which side to put is decided very simply. This is determined by the direction in which you open the door. The switch should be placed where the door handle is located. This is the most convenient place. This switch will control the lighting in the hallway. It can be implemented with one ceiling lamp or several spotlights.

We put the second switch for the bathroom. If the bath is combined with the SU, then you need a single-key, and if they are separated, a two-key. These rooms are considered damp and therefore light switches cannot be installed inside them. They are installed in the corridor near the entrance to these premises.

Very often they are combined with a kitchen switch. It is convenient and less labor intensive. So for kitchen lighting, you will not need to install your own junction box and pull a cable to it.

This group of switches must be placed so that they are located near the bathroom door + SS from the side of the handle and at the same time on the way to the kitchen. This is the best place.

Personally, your situation may be slightly different and your understanding of convenience will also be slightly different. Then nothing terrible will happen if you arrange them and place them differently.

Also remember about the exhaust fan in the bathroom. It can be connected to a separate key or to a light switch in the bathroom itself. Turned on the light - the fan earned, turned off - it turned off.

The next fourth switch is needed to control the lighting in the room. It should be placed inside the room 10 centimeters from the opening on the side of the door handle.

On our drawn plan, we see where all the doors open and where their handles are. Therefore, there will be no problems with the placement of switches.

Below, see how the diagrams indicate the elements you need:

Now we take a clean plan and draw on it all the switches, lamps and junction boxes. We draw switches near the doors according to the method described above. Lighting junction boxes are recommended to be mounted strictly vertically above the switches near the ceiling. So you will always know how the cable is laid in the wall and where it is impossible to drill the wall. If you want to keep access to the junction boxes after repair, then they should be placed 5 cm lower from the ceiling (hinged or stretched), deepened flush with the plaster and simply glued with wallpaper. If access to them is not needed and you are confident in your work or in the professionalism of the hired electricians, then they can be safely hidden in the wall, but strictly vertically above the switch. Also, as an option, if the ceiling is suspended or suspended, all junction boxes can be fixed to the ceiling itself, and the wire to the switch can be lowered along the wall strictly vertically.

Below on the plan are drawn switches, junction boxes and the lamps themselves. If you want to make a lot of spotlights, then the very essence of the scheme will not change. Also, from the junction box, throw the cable to the ceiling, and connect all points in series one after another.

All lighting in a one-room apartment can be put on a separate circuit breaker.

The following figure shows all lighting cables.

Here, a cable is led from the switchboard to RK1 (junction box No. 1). From it there are lines down to the switch and along the ceiling to the lamp. Then from PK1 there is a power cable PK2, and from it there is already power to PK3. We draw wires for switches and lamps in the same way.

In order to cut less and reduce the number of junction boxes, it is possible to combine the RC of outlet lines and the RC of lighting into one. This is provided that they are nearby and the size of the box will allow you to fit all the connections (twisting) of the cable cores.

In my case, PK3 lighting can be combined with PK2 sockets, as they are planned to be next to each other.

Although the minimum set of lamps for a modern one-room apartment is presented here, it makes it clear the essence of the organization of all lighting. If you understand all this, then you can easily figure out how to connect, for example, the illumination of the working area in the kitchen (it can be connected to the lighting of the kitchen), lighting in the closet, etc.

So we figured out the lighting in a one-room apartment. If you have any questions or want to add something to this article, then write it in the comments. All excellent mood!

Also read this article - Installation height of sockets and switches. She may be of use to you.

They say that laughter prolongs our life, so let's smile more often:

Ensign asks the soldier:
- Ivanov, is it true that you are an electrician?
- That's right, comrade ensign!
- I found you a job in my specialty. You will check at 22.00 whether the lights are off in the barracks!