Installation of a heat meter for heating in an apartment. Meters for heating in the apartment: common house and individual. Heating meters in an apartment building: installation

Not so long ago, the monthly rent in Russia was so ridiculous that few citizens paid attention to how the structure of utility payments works. However, every year the price of housing and communal services is growing, and all of us, willy-nilly, are wondering what we can save on? Take a look at the last receipt that came to you - in it the heating fee is a significant part of the entire rent.

What can be done so that this amount is not too expensive for the family budget? There is a way out - to install meters for heating in the apartment!

Alas, ah, housing and communal services employees are not interested in the quality of the service they provide, and in saving this resource, too. After all, payment is charged to them according to long-ago approved standards. Therefore, in winter time it can be cold in the apartment, but with the advent of the warm season they continue to heat intensely.

If you put a meter for heating, what will be the benefit?

The amount for the monthly provision of heat will be charged strictly according to established tariffs and, of course, according to the readings taken from the individual counter. In other words, you will have to pay only for the amount of thermal energy that you actually consume, without any fictitious increases.
A chic opportunity opens up - independently regulate the flow of heat! This can be done manually or automatically (this will require an electronic room temperature control system).

Note!
The heat meter does not save heat, it only allows you to pay for the actually consumed thermal energy, and not approximate calculated indicators obtained in a theoretical way.
But, it must be added, this method of heat metering can significantly save on Money ah, going to pay for heat supply (savings can reach 60%).

Types of heat meters

Before considering existing species heat meters, I would like to clarify that the unit itself is not one specific device, but a whole set of them. Thus, the meter may include: pressure and resistance transducers, calculators for the amount of heat received, sensors, flow transducers. A specific set of the unit is determined and approved for each specific object separately.

According to the field of application, meters for heating are apartment and house (industrial). According to the principle of operation - mechanical (tachometric) and ultrasonic. Perhaps it would be better if we consider each of the species separately.

Apartment units for heat metering

An individual apartment heating meter is a device with small channel diameters (no more than 20 mm), and with a coolant measurement range of approximately 0.6-2.5 m3/h. Electromagnetic measurement of heat energy consumption is possible, as well as vortex and turbine. As you may have guessed, this type of meters is designed for installation in private houses and apartments.

Almost always, the coolant here is water, which is heated to a specific temperature. The apartment meter consists of two complementary elements: a heat calculator and a meter hot water. How does a heating meter work?

The heat meter is installed on the water meter, and 2 wires are removed from it, which are equipped with temperature sensors: one wire is connected to the supply pipeline, and the second - to the pipeline leaving the room.

The heat calculator collects information about the incoming coolant (in this case, water) at the inlet and outlet. And the hot water meter calculates how much water is spent on heating. Then, using special calculation methods, the heat meter calculates exact amount used heat.

Household (industrial) heat meters

This type of meters is used in production and in apartment buildings. Heat is accounted for, again, by one of three methods: turbine, vortex, electromagnetic. In principle, house heat meters differ from apartment meters only in size - their diameter can vary in the range of 25-300 mm. The measurement range of the coolant remains approximately the same - 0.6-2.5 m3/h.

Mechanical

Mechanical (tachometric) heat meters are the simplest units. They usually consist of a heat calculator and rotary water meters. The principle of operation is as follows: the translational movement of the coolant (water) is converted into a rotational movement for convenient and accurate measurement.

Such a meter for heating in an apartment is considered an economical option. However, the cost of special filters must also be added to its cost. The total price of the kit is about 15% lower than other types of meters, but only for a pipeline with a diameter of no more than 32 mm.

The disadvantages of mechanical units include the impossibility of their use at high water hardness, as well as, if it contains scale, small particles of scale, rust. These substances quickly clog flow meters and filters.

Ultrasonic

To date, there are various models ultrasonic heating meters, but the principle of operation for all of them is approximately the same: an emitter and a device that receives ultrasonic signals are mounted on the pipe opposite each other.

A signal is sent through the fluid flow by the emitter, then after some time this signal is received by the receiver. The signal delay time (from the moment of its emission to reception) corresponds to the speed of the water flow in the pipe. This time is measured and the water flow in the pipeline is calculated from it.

In addition to the main functions, this type of meters can be endowed with the ability to regulate the supply of heat. It should be noted that ultrasonic heat meters are much more accurate in readings, more reliable and more durable than mechanical devices.

How to install a heating meter

Of course, the simplest and most rational solution to this issue is the installation. With it, all tenants will no longer have to pay for heat that was not actually supplied to their house. True, the cost of such pleasure "bites" - from 16,000 rubles.

But if you divide this amount by the number of families, then it will seem quite acceptable. But the savings after installing the meter will be noticed by all residents immediately: payment for the heat resource will be charged not according to theoretical standards, but in fact.

What is needed in order to put the total counter in apartment building? First of all, it is necessary to hold a meeting of residents, fix decision in the protocol, and then write an application to the management company with a request to connect it.

Attention!
Deciding to install a common house heat meter, do not forget about this nuance: if you don’t have to pay for heating at all in the hot summer, then in the cold seasons the amount billed can be quite decent.
Think about whether all the tenants of the house will be satisfied with this? Plus, it will be necessary to appoint a person responsible for taking readings from the meter and issuing apartment receipts.

Well, if it was not possible to convince the neighbors at the entrance that heating by the meter is much more convenient and many times more economical, then here is an instruction on how to drastically reduce heating costs in your apartment.

Individual heat meter

Below are the steps that without fail must be completed before installing a heating meter in the apartment.

Otherwise, the installed device will not be legal.

First of all, it is necessary to eliminate all possible sources of heat loss - freezing corners, cracks in windows, poorly insulated entrance doors. Only then the installation of a heat meter will bring tangible material savings.
ZhEK, HOA or the management company of your city must provide you with technical specifications ( specifications), which spell out what is needed to connect a heat meter in your apartment. As a rule, this is one sheet of A4 format, which says what pressure and what temperature the coolant passing through your home has.
Now you can buy the heat meter itself.

Important!
It must be purchased from a legitimate company.
Therefore, when buying, require a cash receipt, sales receipt, quality certificate, instruction manual.

On the basis of the received specifications (technical specifications), it is necessary to order a "project for the installation of a heat meter". It is ordered from a design organization, which must have a license for such work.
Installation of a thermal energy meter, which must also be carried out by a licensed company.
When choosing a company, pay attention to the following nuances:
- availability of information about the company in the Unified State Register of Legal Entities;
- availability of all necessary documentation (certificates, certificates, SRO approvals);
- availability of special equipment and qualified specialists;
- implementation complete list installation work;
- free visit of the engineer to the apartment, during which the inspection of communications is carried out;
- availability of a guarantee for the work carried out.
After installation, the representative of the Housing Office, the HOA or the management company seals the heat meter, and signs an act of acceptance.

Difficult? Basically, no. But in order not to bother, you can order all these works in one company. That's just the cost of their services will "bite" (about 20 thousand rubles, or even more).

And you can do all the red tape work on the documentation with your own hands. Which way you go is up to you.

Separately, I would like to talk about checking the heating meter. Usually, new device Sold with initial inspection carried out at the factory. The evidence for this can be special sticker, stamp, corresponding entry indicated on the device itself and in the document attached to it. The next check of the heat meter is carried out 1 time in 4 years at the expense of the owners of the apartment.

For this you need to contact:

to the branch of Rostest;
to a commercial company that has the authority to carry out the inspection;
in service center manufacturer.

Attention! Most companies offering meter installation take care of further Maintenance.

If you are interested in how to take readings from a heat meter, then the answer is the same as from an electric meter. Then a receipt is filled in, which indicates the difference in readings and is multiplied by the current tariff. Payment will have to be made at Sberbank branches. The heat supply organization is indicated as the recipient of funds.

Possible restrictions on installing a heat meter in an apartment

Most houses in Russia are equipped with a vertical riser wiring of the heating system. Simply put, the risers that supply heat to the heaters pass right through the rooms. And this prevents the installation of one common meter for the entire apartment.

That is, in this case they are needed, and this is unrealistic for the following reasons:

Installing several heat appliances at once in an apartment is very expensive (each meter costs 6-12 thousand rubles);
Poor accuracy of measuring the counter on the radiator alone, since the difference at its input and output is too small for the device to be able to fix it at all;
The deposition process is much more difficult. Public utilities cannot make a round of all the rooms in each apartment every month in order to take readings from all the meters. And if you do it yourself, you can get confused and make mistakes in the calculations;
Difficulty in maintenance. Several heat meters will be much more difficult to maintain and monitor their correct operation.

But there is a way out of this situation - the installation of special distributors. They measure the flow rate of the coolant by the temperature difference between the surface of the radiator and the air in the room. The cost of one such distributor is about 1000 rubles.

Attention!
Houses built after 2000 are equipped with a horizontal heating system.
Therefore, there will be enough one heat meter for the entire apartment, without distributors.

Finally

It is possible and necessary to reduce the accrued monthly fee for the services provided to us by housing and communal services. And not by oral and written complaints, but real actions. One of them is the installation of heat meters.

If most of the inhabitants of our country install heating meters in an apartment and start paying according to their testimony, then public utilities, willy-nilly, will have to put things in order in their household, because there will be no one to write off the losses. And every citizen will be able to significantly save the family budget, using it for other purposes.

If you are interested in this or you still have any questions about heating meters, then we offer you to look at the photo and video materials, with a detailed explanation on the topic.

Housing and communal services are becoming more and more expensive, so there is a need to keep records of the consumed benefits of civilization. You won’t surprise anyone with water meters for a long time. They are already in many apartments and allow you to really save money on utility bills.

Why do you need a heating meter?

Heat meters are starting to gain popularity. When installing such a device in an apartment, it becomes possible to control how much the housing really warms up. Using data like this costs can be reduced and pay only for the heat actually received, and not for standard consumption rates.

Naturally, many are concerned about the question of how quickly heat meters for heating will pay off. Practice shows that installation costs are not so high, but the savings will be visible quickly enough. The tenant will not need to compensate from his own pocket for the flaws in the work of the Housing Office and the heat losses of the heating system.

A heating meter can be installed both individually for your home, and for the whole house. Today on the market you can find a large number of models that differ from each other in price and principle of operation.

Types of heat meters for heating

The device measures heat consumption and registers the temperature, analyzes the data obtained and as a result gives indications of how many gigacalories have been spent on square meter. For them tenants and pay utility services. The process of taking readings is similar to paying for electricity.

There is four types of counters heat for the apartment:

Mechanical;
ultrasonic;
Vortex;
Electromagnetic.

Mechanical heat meters

Mechanical counters are the easiest to use. technical terms and accessible to ordinary people. A special device rotates inside the device when a coolant flows through it and gives readings to a digital display. Counters of this type are turbine, screw and vane. Such a heat meter is inexpensive, which is its advantage, but it does not work for long, only a few years, and needs frequent replacements.

Its durability is affected by factors such as rust, water hardness, scale. The device can become clogged and fail. The consumer will have to buy a new one and deal with all related design issues.

Ultrasonic meters

Ultrasonic readers are much more efficient and measure the amount of heat received with great accuracy. Accordingly, its price is much higher. The service life is practically unlimited, but there are requirements for the quality of the coolant. When installing it, a filter is required, since it only needs pure water. If all conditions are not met, the readings may be distorted.

Such a meter is usually installed in apartments.

Devices are Doppler, temporal, frequency, correlation. The device records the time during which the coolant passes the path from the boiler room to the radiator in the apartment.

Vortex heat meters

Vortex devices estimate the amount of heating consumed by means of obstacles created by the movement of water or steam, that is, vortices. It can be installed both vertically and horizontal wiring heating system.

The main advantage of such a heat meter is that it works great despite possible deposits in the pipes. At the same time, it reacts poorly to excess impurities in water, the ingress of air bubbles into the coolant and welding. During installation, the dimensions of the pipelines in which the device is installed are also important. This factor should be taken into account when buying a device.

Electromagnetic meters

Electromagnetic heat meters for heating reads readings using current. It appears when hot water flows through pipelines. Counters are safe in operation. Incorrect mounting, poor water quality adversely affect the operation of the device.

Nowadays, such heat meters have become an excellent replacement for mechanical devices, due to their accuracy, affordable price and resistance to possible shortcomings heating system. Both of these types of devices are usually used when installing general house heat meters, but electromagnetic models are in great demand and are replacing their mechanical counterparts.

The choice of common house and individual meters

The most profitable option for accounting for heat input will be the installation of a common house meter. In this case, the tenants of the house make a decision about its purchase and installation. The device will be connected to a common pipe, which provides heating for the entire building. Although the cost of a heating meter for general use is quite high, issue price for residents of apartments in the end will not be so significant. The readings obtained are divided by the number of residents, and the payment itself will be made by a person specially selected at the meeting.

If there is no agreement among the tenants, then it makes sense to install a heat meter for heating in the apartment. It will help you save money on utility bills. The price of such a device is lower than that of a meter for general house needs. Purchase, installation and maintenance falls entirely on the shoulders of the homeowner. But the benefits of heat metering will be immediately visible. The purchase will pay off and bring profit in the future.

Installation of heat meters for heating for the whole house and in the apartment also differ from each other.

First of all, it should be said that although the installation can be carried out on your own, it is better to do all the work with the involvement of professionals. Myself the algorithm looks like this:

Drawing up an installation plan and coordinating it with public utilities;
Implementation of all works;
Registration of the device in public utilities and putting it into operation.

All meters have documents that indicate when it is necessary to check the device. In most cases, this happens every four years. When the time is right, you should contact a specialized company that will test the heat meter. These may be commercial organizations Rostest, manufacturing companies. The latter often carry out the verification themselves with the help of their employees.

In the event that all the residents of the house decided to keep a record of heat, they make a purchase and hire specialists to install a heating meter. In advance, at a general house meeting, all questions regarding the price must be resolved.

In the case of installing a heat meter for an apartment, the customer himself carries out the procedures for registration and registration of the device. This method is also good because it can become insurance in case of malfunctions in the operation of a common house heat meter.

During installation, the wiring system in the apartments matters. This may affect how the heat meter will be installed in the apartment, what will be the price. Common in older buildings vertical wiring, that is, the apartment has several risers. Mounting a heat meter in each of them is economically unprofitable. Here you can put distributors that record the temperature on the radiator and in the room, analyzing the heating efficiency.

Fortunately, new apartments are equipped with a horizontal piping system, so it is enough to install one heat meter. It is best to put it in the pipe itself, through which the coolant flows.

Who to contact for installation of a heat meter?

You need to choose a company carefully. It is very important to collect information on the availability of qualified specialists and professional equipment. The company must have all certificates and permits. A serious organization provides guarantee for the work performed. There must be information about the company in the Unified State Register legal entities. Service maintenance heat meters will be an additional plus. You should ask if the company provides installments and benefits to its customers.

money question

Meter cost may vary several thousand to several tens of thousands rubles. Most expensive models are the most reliable and accurate. Budget options will have to be changed, and the cost savings may not be as significant.

Payment by meters is as follows: every month when the heating system is working, you should take readings, write them down, subtract the results of previous measurements from them. The difference calculated by calculation is multiplied by the tariff rates and the amount that needs to be paid is obtained.

The use of a heat meter will allow ordinary citizens to reduce utility bills. Utilities will become more responsible in their duties, monitor the operation of the heating system, without shifting this burden onto the shoulders of tenants.

Some time ago utilities were quite affordable, but now they can hit the family budget hard. Well, if there are finances for other necessary needs. In such cases, you have to save money, and in some situations, install heat meters for heating, since most of the money is spent on this type of utility services.

But how much can you save on such heat meters? What are the varieties and is it possible to carry out self-assembly Or is it better to entrust this work to experienced professionals? Let's try to understand these and some other questions.

Necessary measure

The increased cost of heating is forcing many apartment owners to install heat meters. And if earlier they were put by a few consumers for lack of need, now there are more people who want to save money. In addition, no one can guarantee that after some time the cost of heating will not increase again. Every year it only grows. Thus, it becomes clear that this is a necessary measure.

The installation of such devices as heat meters for heating is also relevant for the simple reason that utilities form tariffs according to approved standards, and not on the fact of use. With the counter, the monthly payment will be calculated according to the current tariffs according to its indications.

Benefits of installing heat meters

In addition to the fact that the heat meter allows you to make payments in accordance with the readings taken, it also has some other advantages. Typical advantages include the following:

Individual systems allow you to adjust the supplied coolant. This can be done manually, but if an electronic system is available, it will do this automatically.
It is possible to control the heat in a house or apartment. This is especially true in the spring season, when the heating is in full swing, and the weather is already warm outside.
Using these devices, you can detect existing problems with the heating main (clogging and other problems). This leads to increased heat consumption, which will immediately be reflected in the meter readings.

It is worth considering that the installed heat meters for heating in an apartment building do not make it possible to save on the coolant. Their main purpose is to save money. That is, to pay exactly for the amount of heat that is consumed. The size of this savings can range from 25 to 50%.

Device types

If there is a desire to install heat meters, it does not hurt to find out what varieties of them exist. But first it is worth clarifying that almost any device consists of several components:

sensors;
devices for flow, pressure and resistance;
devices that calculate the amount of heat received.

The composition for each specific set is determined and approved on an individual basis.

The rest of the counters are divided into the following types:

Electromagnetic.
Mechanical (tachometric).
Ultrasonic.
Vortex.

In addition, based on the scope, meters can be house (industrial) and apartment. Let's take a closer look at them to understand how they work.

Electromagnetic heat metering

The principle of operation of a heat meter for heating an apartment building is based on a phenomenon called electromagnetic induction. The design of the device includes several magnets that create a field of the same name, and a liquid coolant enters it. As is known from school, water is a dielectric only in pure form which practically does not occur in nature. A liquid flows in the heating pipes, which contains some elements from periodic system. So, this is already a conductor.

When the coolant passes through the magnetic field, the formation electric current. Moreover, its value is proportional to the fluid flow rate. The resulting current through the wires enters the computing device. And since the water flow is determined by him by measuring the difference in current values \u200b\u200b(they are usually small), such devices need to be installed correctly.

But apart from correct installation for them, it is important to have special operating conditions. The readings will be inaccurate if the heat meters for heating in apartment building are not connected well, or there will be additional resistance at the junction of the wires. The content of iron inclusions in the coolant also affects the readings.

Despite these disadvantages, there are still advantages. First of all, such devices do not affect the flow pressure in the heating system in any way. And the measurement accuracy is quite high, making the devices very popular.

Mechanical (tachometric) heat metering

Most simple devices- these are mechanical ones that outperform their competitors in price. Their principle of operation is easy to understand: a rotating element (an impeller or a small turbine) acts as a meter.

It is set in motion by the flow of the coolant, due to which the water consumption is accounted for. Most mechanical meters are equipped with two flow meters (on the inlet and outlet channels), resistance thermometers and a heat calculator. If necessary, the devices are equipped with pressure sensors.

Unfortunately, these heat meters for heating in an apartment are not without some drawbacks. First, you need to install a filter in front of the device without fail. Secondly, significant hydraulic losses occur in comparison with other analogues. Thirdly, mechanical meters are most sensitive to the quality of the coolant. That is, if the water is hard, then it is not recommended to use these devices. Otherwise, particles of scale, rust or scale will quickly clog the filter or completely disable the device.

Ultrasonic heat metering

Ultrasonic analogues are distinguished by high cost and original principle of operation. It is based on measuring the speed of ultrasonic wave propagation through the water column depending on the coolant flow rate. That is, the flow rate is determined by the time it takes the signal to travel from the transmitter to the receiver. In such devices, it is important that these two devices are located strictly opposite each other.

Despite the high cost, such heat meters for heating in an apartment are in considerable demand. And all due to characteristic advantages - pressure losses in the heating system are practically not observed or they are negligible, since there is no resistance to the movement of water flow. They have high measurement accuracy, which is important.

Some of the downsides include:

sensitivity to the quality of the coolant;
the need for relatively long sections pipeline.

The presence of dirt and scale can greatly affect the final reading of the meter. As practice shows, such metering devices are relevant at facilities with a large diameter pipeline (boiler rooms, for example).

Vortex heat metering

Vortex heat meters have a special structure. There is a prism across the flowmeter pipe, which is an obstacle in the way of the coolant fluid. In this case, vortices are formed, the number of which directly depends on the speed of the water flow. The number of vortices is recorded by sensors located slightly further than the prism. And the faster the flow, the large quantity vortices are formed. This is the basis of the principle of operation of a heat meter for heating of this type.

The disadvantages of these devices are the presence of a prism and the requirement for water quality. Moreover, due to the triangular obstacle, there is a pressure loss in the heat supply system. Probably for this reason, such counters are less common than others.

Apartment metering devices

Such counters have large diameter channel, which does not exceed 20 mm. The measurement range is from 0.6 to 2.5 m 3 /h, the accuracy of the readings is very high. They can be installed in apartments or houses with individual heating. The device of any device includes a heat meter and a hot water meter, which complement each other.

The measurement is made based on the flow rate of the coolant, as well as on the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet heating pipes. This is done as follows: a heat meter is installed on the water meter, from which two wires with temperature sensors are removed. One of the sensors is installed on the inlet pipe, and the other - on the outlet. As a result, the device, collecting necessary information, with the help of special calculations produces precise definition the amount of heat consumed.

Household metering devices

House heat meters for heating are usually installed at industrial facilities or residential buildings with central system heat supply. In their structure, they are similar to apartment heat meters. The calculation of the coolant consumption is carried out according to a similar scheme, only not for a separate apartment, but for the whole house or a specific entrance.

Such meters, unlike apartment meters, have a larger channel diameter (about 300 mm), and, accordingly, they are larger in size. But this is where the differences end, in everything else they are similar, including such a parameter as the measurement range.

Installing home appliances has some advantages. Of course, the cost of such a meter is an order of magnitude higher than an individual one, but in this case, the costs are divided between the residents of the whole house or entrance, which implies a benefit for everyone. The readings of the device will also be calculated depending on the number of residents.

The decision to install house heat meters for heating is usually taken at a meeting at which a person is selected responsible for the purchase of the meter and its installation. He is also responsible for collecting the monthly payment and transferring it to the utility service.

Mounting Features

The direct installation process is not so complicated, and you can do it yourself. But first you need to draw up some documents so that everything is legal. First of all, you need to contact the company servicing the house for permission to install a heat meter. In addition to the application itself, a number of papers are needed:

housing documents;
registration certificate of the apartment;
consent of other tenants (sometimes it is not required).

Next, you need to get TU (technical specifications) from the organization that supplies heat to the building. The document reflects the requirements necessary to connect the meter. It should also indicate the parameters of the coolant (temperature, pressure). This will help you decide which device to use.

You should purchase a heat meter for apartment heating from a trusted company, which, upon request, can present a quality certificate. When making a purchase, do not forget about the sales receipt and cash receipt.

In the future, it will be necessary to develop an individual project and prepare technical documentation. To resolve this issue, it is worth attracting a responsible company. For reliability, you should ask its owner if the appropriate license is available. After preparing the project, you need to coordinate the entire package of documents with the company supplying the house with heat. After that, you can install the device by the same organization that compiled the project, or contact another. She must also be licensed for this type of work.

After installation, make new treaty with the heat supply service in connection with the new tariff. It is also necessary that the employee management company(ZhEK or HOA) sealed the heat meter and signed the act of receiving the device.

You can save time and contact one organization for the preparation of the necessary package of documents that is engaged in such activities. However, this will require significant financial costs, and if there is time, it is better to prepare all the documents yourself.

Self installation

Installation of heat meters for heating in an apartment building consists of several sequential operations. First you need to flush the pipeline well to remove all blockages. And only after that you can proceed to the installation of the flow part of the device. The device is mounted on a horizontal or vertical section of the pipe. If the diameter of the pipe does not match the dimensions of the channel of the device, adapters should be used.

The supply device must be positioned so that the direction of the arrow coincides with the direction of fluid flow. Connections must be tight to withstand a pressure of 1.6 MPa to avoid leakage. To do this, use only new gaskets and seals.

When installing the measuring unit, make sure that there is no water and no pressure in the heating system and the stop valve must be closed. It is worth taking care of installing ball valves before and after the meter. With this element of the device, which is placed in the flow part, you should be careful.

In conclusion, it remains to install both thermal converters. One of them is mounted in the measuring cartridge, and the other - in the sleeve using heat-conducting paste. The installation of heat meters for heating is completed by sealing the device and issuing an acceptance certificate.

Now you can pay for heat according to the indications installed device accounting. Finally, it is worth saying that it is more rational to entrust the installation to qualified specialists in order to avoid different kind unpleasant nuances.

The lack of stable heat supplies to apartment buildings creates many problems. Users do not want to pay for cold pipes, a scandal with utilities. And this is quite understandable, since there is no point in paying for missing services. This age-old problem for our country is solved by heat meters for heating. A common house or individual heat meter will reduce utility costs, as it will take into account only the actual amount of heat supplied.

In this review, we will look at:

The need to use heat meters;
The principle of operation of heat meters;
The main types of heat meters and popular models;
The amount of expenses for equipment and installation work;
How to install a heat meter in an apartment building or in your apartment.

Read the overview and find out how you can save on your utility bills.

What are heat meters for?

Cold batteries are eternal Russian problem. It would seem that public utilities are constantly working to improve boiler houses, carry out preparatory work to heating season, change pipes and perform other procedures to maintain their facilities in working order. But with the onset of winter, everything repeats itself - the pipes are cold, people complain, public utilities either shrug their shoulders or pretend that this does not concern them.

Agree, it's a shame when you pay a lot of money for heating every month, and the temperature in the apartment remains below normal.

The problem itself is not even in cold pipes or their insufficient temperature (not corresponding to the norm), but in the fact that public utilities charge a monthly fee “to the fullest”. At the same time, they do not care about the temperature in the apartments, and people suffer. Appeals to the regulatory authorities often do not help - oddly enough, but according to the documents, the utilities have everything in order.

The problem with cold pipes and dishonest collection of monthly fees is solved by heat metering devices. Being installed for heating in an apartment, they will provide accurate accounting of the amount of heat consumed.. If the pipes are cold, the volume of consumed services will be minimal. If the temperature is normal, public utilities will receive money for their work - everything is fair and square.

By installing a heat meter for heating, we will not be able to solve only one problem - if the boiler room is not working, then there will be no heat in the apartment, even with a meter, even without a meter.

Let's see what benefits we get by installing a heat meter in the apartment:

Reducing the cost of utilities - if the utilities will "hack", then the payment for heat will be minimal;
We will get a tool to influence the service provider - he will be interested in supplying heat in the amount determined by the current regulations and the current weather outside;
Savings on the subscription fee even with warm pipes- in some cases it reaches 20-30%.

But the main thing is that in the absence of heat, we can pay nothing - even if the case goes to court, we will be right.

By installing a heat meter for heating, care should be taken to reduce heat losses. To do this, you need to replace front door and install triple glazing.

Principle of operation

Apartment heat meters for heating take into account the amount of heat consumed. The hotter the coolant and the larger the volume of the flowing coolant, the larger the number on the control panel. This is also convenient when thermostats are installed on the batteries - it becomes possible to save on heating when certain rooms are simply not used.

The heat energy meter takes into account the following factors:

The amount of flowing coolant - a module is used for measurement, somewhat similar to a conventional water meter;
The temperature of the coolant at the inlet - for this, the heat meter is equipped with a sensor installed on the inlet heating pipe;
The temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the system is set on the outlet pipe.

The received data is sent to the accounting unit, which performs all the necessary calculations. Some heat meters for heating are endowed with mechanical metering units, but in general their essence remains the same.

The accounting node, displaying the final results, displays them on a mechanical or electronic scoreboard. The received data is transferred to the heat supplier, and payment is made in accordance with the current tariffs. If the heat meter detects that the coolant is too cold, it will decrease the reading. And in this case, public utilities simply can’t get away - they will receive less money than if the account was kept without a heating heat meter.

Varieties of heat meters for heating

When purchasing heat meters, you need to decide on the choice of the most suitable model. The industry produces a large number of heat meters for heating systems, differing in capacity, accuracy of operation, type of measuring unit and many other parameters. In stores we can buy:

General house heat meters are larger than their apartment counterparts and have a large throughput.

A common house heating meter is a heat meter for general house heat metering. This device takes into account the total amount of heat energy consumed, after which the obtained values are distributed to all apartments (in accordance with the heated area);
Apartment heat meters for heating - designed for strictly individual accounting the amount of heat energy consumed.

A common house heat energy meter (or a common house heat meter) is a high-performance device designed to be installed at the entrance to a residential building. It carries out general heat metering, and the data obtained can be taken both by the responsible person and by the public utilities themselves. Character traits of this device is the large diameter of the inlet and outlet pipes, since a rather large amount of coolant flows through the equipment.

The heat meter for an apartment is smaller than a common house heat meter. The maximum throughput is up to 2-3 cubic meters. m/h, depending on the model. An apartment heat meter for heating is purchased individually. In new residential complexes, these devices can be installed by the developer.

The heat meter for the battery is about the same heat meter as for the entire apartment. This equipment is placed separately on each battery, which will be discussed in the next section.

Apartment heat meters (as well as common ones for the house) are divided into several more categories, according to the principle of operation. Here is their list:

Ultrasonic devices are very sensitive to the quality of the coolant.

Mechanical - in their design, these heat meters resemble hot water meters, but they can take into account the temperature of the coolant. Their main advantage is resistance to poor quality of the coolant (relevant for residential areas with old boiler houses);
Ultrasonic - leaders in accuracy. They are equipped with ultrasonic sensors that measure the level of coolant flow in the heating system. In addition to them, heat meters are endowed with temperature sensors. Main disadvantage- do not like dirty coolant;
Electromagnetic - work in any conditions, differ in quite a decent level of accuracy.

When choosing heat meters, stop at electromagnetic or ultrasonic models - they are extremely accurate and easy to install.

Installation of meters for heating in the apartment

With vertical heating distribution, the installation of heat meters will cost a pretty penny.

The process of installing a heat meter in an apartment is complicated by the fact that the heating in it can be horizontal or vertical. The easiest way is to install the meter in a horizontal system - in this case, all radiators in the rooms are connected to a single riser. Accordingly, here we need one heat meter - it will analyze the total heat consumption throughout the apartment.

Worst of all, if the apartment has several vertical risers - in the kitchen, in the living room and in the bedroom. And if the apartment is three- or four-room, then the cost of equipment will be huge. The thing is that we need one heat meter for each battery or group of batteries in order to calculate the total heat consumption of all heating appliances. Accordingly, by installing a meter on the heating battery in the kitchen, you will have to install another device in the bedroom.

Installation of general building heat meters

The easiest way is to install common house heat meters for heating - they work immediately for the whole house. In this case, you will need one device or one for each entrance. Installation of heat meters of a common house type, at the request of residents, is often associated with the need to purchase equipment at their own expense. The consent of all residents will also be required, so the procedure documentation may be delayed.

Installation of heat meters - step by step instructions

The installation of heat meters in the apartment should be carried out by licensed organizations.

Installing a heat meter in an apartment will put an end to the arbitrariness of utilities and make them work not only for their own benefit, but also for the benefit of consumers. Let's see how to put meters for heating in an apartment and what is needed for this. Immediately, we note the fact that installation work should be carried out by specialists, since independent installation of heat meters is prohibited.

First you need to get and carefully study the technical conditions. Here, the characteristics of the heating system used in the household are prescribed - the pressure of the coolant, its temperature, the diameter of the pipes and much more. In accordance with the data presented, a heat meter of a suitable model is purchased - its characteristics must comply with the technical conditions.

Please note that along with the heat meter for heating, you must be given all the necessary documentation for the equipment.

The process of installing a heat meter in an apartment continues by contacting the design organization - it will draw up a project and carry out installation work. The choice of a design and installation company must be taken with all responsibility. If she does not have a license and permissions to carry out installation work, the installation of a heat meter for heating may be refused - they simply will not accept your documents.

On the final stage the heat meter is accepted, its performance is checked, and the next pack of papers is signed. Starting from this moment, payment for heating will be made not in accordance with the area of the apartment, but in accordance with the data received from the meter. If the meter in the apartment registers low temperature coolant, the heating bill will be small.

Let's see how much it costs to install heat meters and how much you have to pay for the equipment itself. An apartment device will cost you 6-9 thousand rubles. The cost of installation work will be from 10,000 rubles - the estimate is made on an individual basis. Remember that if your heating system will have several heat meters, then the initial costs will be huge.

If there is one heat meter in the apartment, then it will pay for itself quickly enough. For several devices, the payback period can be up to 3-4 years. The calibration interval for all heat meters is 4 years.

Installation of a common house appliance

The installation of a common building heat meter must be agreed with all owners.

Let's see how a common house meter for heating is installed. The procedure here is about the same as with apartment metering devices - we get technical conditions, we make a project, we invite installers, we sign all the necessary papers. But before that, you need to hold a general house meeting, raise funds, purchase suitable equipment, and make payment calculations according to the heated area.

You can find out whether it is possible to put a common house meter for heating in the management company and in the design organization. But it must be remembered that the installation of such heating is fraught with organizational issues - the owners of some apartments may not agree to additional costs.

Sometimes general house heat meters for heating are installed for general control over heat consumption in the presence of individual metering devices in each apartment. Thus, consumers pay not only for their own heat consumption, but also for heat in places common use(for example, in the entrances).

Installation common appliances accounting, the problem of deceiving individual meters by apartment consumers is often solved - as a result, the whole house pays for the theft.

Popular Models

Installing a heat meter in an apartment promises a certain benefit - if you have a heat meter, you will have to pay less for heating. True, you will have to spend money on installation work. We recommend the following models as home appliances:

Avektra TSU-15/3 is a fairly common metering device for spacious apartments.

Valtec VHM-T-15 / 0.6 / O / - can work in hot water systems, equipped with non-volatile memory;
Avektra TSU-15/3 is a simple and accurate heat meter that can work in rooms with a total area of up to 300 sq. m;
Sayans KST-22 Kombik-M Du-15 KT is one of the simplest and cheapest devices.

Many other heat flow meters are also on sale, both for apartment and house metering. Which one to buy depends on the technical conditions set.

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Apartment meters for heating allow you to strictly monitor the actual consumption of thermal energy, therefore, when paying for consumed heat, significant savings are achieved. When installing an individual measuring device, the owners of the apartment have an interest in the economical use of thermal resources, as well as in carrying out measures to warm their homes. The benefit is so obvious that many people are thinking about how to put a heating meter in their apartment. Naturally, citizens are also concerned about the price of the issue, as well as the payback period for funds invested in the installation of a heat meter.

Selection criteria and is it worth putting it at all?

The essence of the meter is to account for thermal energy by measuring the temperature difference and the volume of coolant flow. There are two main ways to make flow measurements: tachometric and ultrasonic. For each of them, manufacturers produce different types household meters capable of accounting for thermal energy. Ultrasonic models are more reliable in operation, more accurate and more durable. Tachometric instruments are inferior in these indicators, and therefore cheaper.

So how much does a heating meter cost? The price of the meter itself, including expansion valve, filter and stop valves, averages about 9,000 rubles. However, installation costs must be added to this amount. measuring equipment, which should be carried out by a company that has all the necessary permits for the implementation of this type of service. Therefore, the costs increase to 18-20 thousand rubles.

Important! Please note that heating meters in an apartment must have passports and certificates, like any other measuring device. After completion of installation work, the meter must be sealed. It is necessary to carry out periodic calibration of the device. Usually this operation is carried out after four years.

Technical limitations

Unfortunately, almost all houses old building completed vertical system wiring heating pipes. This means that several risers pass through the apartment and putting a separate meter on each of them, of course, is not profitable. For such a heating system, manufacturers of metering devices offer to install distributors that measure the coolant flow based on the difference in air temperatures in the room and on the surface of the radiator. The price of one such distributor fluctuates within a thousand rubles. Installation costs can be 2-6 thousand rubles, depending on the configuration.

Installation of an apartment heat meter

In apartment buildings built in last years, provided during construction installation horizontal system heating pipes. Therefore, in such apartments one heat meter is installed. Compact models of heat meters are usually mounted on a straight pipe, through which the coolant is supplied to the apartment. In some cases, installation on the return pipeline is also possible.

Registering your instrument

If heat meters for heating are installed by a specialized organization that professionally deals with the design, installation and subsequent maintenance of heat meters, then its specialists:

make a project;
will coordinate it with the organization responsible for heat supply;
register the installed metering unit;
handed over to the supervisory authority.

What to do with testimonials?

Readings of the heat meter are taken in the same way as from the electric meter. Next, fill out a receipt in which they indicate the difference in readings and multiply it by the current tariff. They pay at the branches of Sberbank, indicating the heat supply organization as the recipient of funds.

Who verifies the heat meter?

A new apartment heating meter should be sold with an initial verification performed at the factory. Confirmation of the primary verification is a stamp, a special sticker, a corresponding record indicated both on the device itself and in the documentation accompanying the heat meter.

The next calibration of the device is carried out after the expiration of the established calibration interval. Why should the owner of the apartment apply:

to the local branch of Rostest;
to a commercial organization that has these powers;
to the service center of the manufacturer.

Important! Many companies offering the installation of metering devices carry out further maintenance. At the same time, the specialists of the companies undertake to carry out the next verification.

Criteria for choosing a company to install a meter

When choosing a company to install a heat meter, pay attention to the following points:

free departure of an engineer to the facility, during which an inspection of communications is carried out and a complete set of a metering unit is offered;
implementation of the entire list of installation works, availability of special equipment and qualified specialists in the company;
availability of permits (certificates, certificates, SRO permits);
availability of information about the company in the Unified State Register of Legal Entities;
providing a guarantee for the work carried out;
granting benefits to certain categories of citizens;
installment payment and its term;
the possibility of providing service.

It is possible and necessary to tame the growth of tariffs for housing and communal services. And not by complaints to higher authorities, but by real deeds, which include the installation of individual metering devices. If all citizens start paying according to the readings of their meters, then public utilities will have to put things in order in their households, since there will be no one to blame for losses. Controlling costs and defending their interests will force housing and communal services workers to reckon with each consumer, delivering a quality service.

Payment for heating by the meter allows each citizen to save the family budget by directing the released funds to other purposes. Even the installation of a common house meter allows you to achieve savings, provided that the apartment building is managed by an honest company that correctly directs cash flows for the benefit of all residents.