Diseases and pests of white cabbage. Diseases of white cabbage and how to deal with them

Disease protection is an important part of cabbage care. Existing cruciferous diseases can damage heads and ruin crops just as much as insects. To avoid such an outcome, you must be able to recognize the signs of cabbage ailments and know how to deal with them.

The most common cabbage diseases: keel, white and gray rot, blackleg, fusarium, false powdery mildew. When planning, you should learn how to prevent their occurrence and what to do if the symptoms of the disease nevertheless appear.

quila

Qila is considered the most dangerous disease cabbage, which spreads rapidly and is not treated. This disease is caused by a fungus that develops in too wet soil, it affects root system plants and can be transmitted through the ground. Cabbage can get sick with clubroot at any stage of the growing season, but seedlings most often suffer from this disease.

This disease is quite insidious, since its manifestations are difficult to notice immediately.

Main symptoms:

• slight wilting and yellowing of the leaves;
• the formation of underdeveloped heads of cabbage;
• the appearance of characteristic swellings on the roots, which eventually begin to rot.

It is possible to detect a keel only by digging up a plant and checking its roots for the presence of neoplasms. There is no cure for this disease, so vegetables affected by it should be removed along with the root system and destroyed. This disease is especially dangerous because it remains in the ground, so the soil in which infected cabbage grew must also be dug up and burned. The area where the keel was detected should be treated with formalin or Bordeaux mixture, and it is possible to resume planting cruciferous plants in this place only after 5-6 years.

Although it is impossible to cure quila, there are methods to reduce the risk of its occurrence. To prevent the disease, the soil is treated with colloidal sulfur, ash and calcium fertilizers are added to it. If water accumulates on the site, then it should be drained and fertilized with minerals instead of manure. When growing cabbage in greenhouses, it is recommended to warm the ground with steam.

You should also carefully inspect the seedlings before planting in open ground for signs of keel. If the seedlings look suspicious, then before moving them to the beds, you need to completely clean their roots from the ground and see if there are any characteristic thickenings. This method carries the risk of damaging the root system of plants, but it is better than destroying entire plantings of cabbage in the event of a disease.

downy mildew

Downy mildew (peronosporosis) is a fungal disease of cabbage that affects the leaves of plants and leads to their drying and death. This ailment can lie in the seeds of vegetables, as well as in plant residues from previous plantings. The disease develops most actively in high humidity soil and temperatures above +20 degrees.

Most often, downy mildew infects seedlings, manifesting itself as yellow spots on the cotyledons and the appearance of a white coating on the lower part of the leaves. After planting seedlings in open ground, the disease recedes, but spreads with renewed vigor with increasing air humidity: somewhat reddish spots appear on the upper part of the leaf plates, and on the lower part - white coating.

The testicles of cabbage affected by peronosporosis are covered with dark, almost black spots, on which a white coating forms. At the same time, seeds cannot develop normally and become a source of further spread of the disease.

Heads of cabbage affected by downy mildew cannot be stored for a long time: they finally die indoors.

It is possible to prevent the development of peronosporosis by selecting cabbage varieties resistant to this disease for cultivation. It is also necessary to disinfect the seeds before planting through heat treatment. When harvesting, remove all plant debris and cultivate the soil. Plants are recommended to be sprayed with Bordeaux liquid or other means against downy mildew.

white rot

White rot is a disease that almost does not affect seedlings, but is dangerous for cabbage at the end of the growing season and during storage. The causative agents of the disease are sclerotia fungi, which can be found in the soil and in storage. Vegetables affected by white rot lose their keeping quality, quickly rot and die.

The disease is focal in nature, and it is not difficult to identify it. Main symptoms:

• mucilage of outer leaves;
• development between the leaf plates of a white cotton-like mycelium;
• the formation of black sclerotia on the surface of the head.

The most susceptible to white rot are overripe heads of cabbage and those that have fallen under severe frosts. At the same time, sick cabbage not only dies itself, but also infects neighboring vegetables.

To reduce the risk of disease, you should follow the principle of crop rotation and do not plant cabbage in the same place more than once every 4-5 years. It is especially important to harvest on time, preventing freezing and over-ripening of heads of cabbage. Carefully remove heads from the field, as damaged vegetables are more prone to diseases. Before storing cabbage for storage, you need to disinfect the storage and install the correct one in it. temperature regime.

Gray rot

Gray rot is also caused by fungi that infect weakened and dying cabbage tissues. This disease develops mainly on heads of cabbage already harvested during storage. Symptoms of the disease:

• the appearance of mucous bacteriosis on the leaves:
• development on the lower petioles of gray fluffy mold;
• the presence of black sclerotia.

With a severe defeat of the cabbage, it quickly rots and infects neighboring vegetables.

Measures for the prevention of gray rot are the same as in the case of the previous disease: crop rotation, timely harvesting, disinfection of storage, rejection of damaged and frostbitten heads of cabbage. In addition, varieties of cabbage that are resistant to fungal diseases should be chosen for cultivation.

Blackleg

Black leg is also a very dangerous cabbage disease that most often affects seedlings. It is caused by various fungi that develop in the soil and plant debris. The disease leads to decay of the lower part of the stem of the plant and its death, while it quickly infects neighboring shoots.

The most striking sign of a black leg is the darkening of the stem. If the seedlings have undergone at an early stage of development, then the affected part of the plants becomes watery, then turns brown and begins to rot. When already “adult” seedlings are infected, the diseased part of the stem dries out a little, darkens and thins near the root, which forms a constriction characteristic of this disease. Such sprouts are still suitable for transplanting into open ground, but the plants become weak and do not take root well. The manifestation of this cabbage disease can be seen in the photo on the network.

The black leg develops most actively in acidic and excessively moist soil. Plants become susceptible to disease and with a high density of plantings, poor ventilation of the premises, excessive nitrogen fertilizers, too frequent watering.

To prevent the appearance of a black leg, you should grow cabbage varieties that are resistant to fungi. Seeds should be disinfected before sowing, this also applies to the soil. For planting, it is better to use a fresh substrate, and if this is not possible, then disinfect the existing one. At the first manifestations of the disease, plants are recommended to be sprayed with biological agents against the black leg, which are sold in gardening stores. If the disease has severely affected the seedlings, then the diseased sprouts must be removed, and the soil should be shed with a solution of potassium permanganate.

Fusarium

Fusarium wilt or cabbage yellowness is a fungal disease that most often affects seedlings and early varieties cruciferous. This disease is especially dangerous in hot weather, because in such conditions it actively develops and can lead to mass death of cabbage.

Fusarium is caused by a soil microorganism that can live in the ground for many years. It infects plants through roots or damage on the stem and penetrates through the vessels into the aerial part. As a result, the movement of water in the cabbage is difficult, the leaves begin to turn yellow, wither, the head of cabbage is bent and dies.

The main signs of yellow cabbage:

• the acquisition of leaves of a characteristic yellow-green color;
• loss of turgor;
• uneven development of leaf plates;
• leaf fall.

If fusarium is detected, diseased cabbage should be dug up along with the root system and destroyed. In nurseries and greenhouses where vegetables grew, you need to replace the soil or disinfect it. After harvesting, it is imperative to disinfect the soil by spilling it with a solution blue vitriol.

The above diseases can seriously interfere with a rich harvest and complicate the cultivation of vegetables. However, by controlling soil moisture and acidity, carefully selecting cabbage varieties, and adhering to crop rotation, you can significantly reduce the risk of plant diseases.

There are a lot of cabbage pests, and the fight against them is not always successful. Enemies include botanus, spring cabbage fly, wavy flea, cabbage white, cabbage moth, cabbage moth, cabbage scoop, cabbage aphid, cabbage bug, cabbage root secretive proboscis, common bear, garden scoop, slugs, dark nutcracker and others. Every year, these pests can cause a lot of problems for people who have their own gardens. However, don't rush into bullying. chemicals. There are also folk methods with which you can process plants. How cabbage is processed from pests, and methods of pest control will be discussed further.

Did you know?The Greeks believed that the cabbage will help to remove alcohol intoxication and return you to a state of sobriety.

Babanukha, or cabbage leaf beetle, is a black beetle with a green tint and brownish legs. The leaf beetle can damage many varieties of plants, including cabbage. It winters mainly in the soil, under the remaining remains of plants, in lumps of manure, as well as in other secluded places in the garden area. At the beginning of June, this beetle leaves its wintering place and begins to feed on cabbage leaves. Females can gnaw out whole holes in these leaves, where they begin to lay their eggs.

Of the measures of protection against babanukha, the following should be noted:

• carefully remove all plant residues after harvesting;
• carry out weed control;
• remove wild radish and field mustard;
• plant seedlings early;
• in the fall, dig up the soil in the garden with seedlings.

This pest is a small fly gray color with translucent wings (Fig. 2). The body length of the fly reaches 6 mm. The larva of the spring fly reaches a length of 8 mm. Color - white. These same larvae can damage not only cabbage, but also radishes, turnips, swedes.

The pupae of the fly prefer to overwinter in the soil. Females can lay their eggs directly in a place near the stem of the plant. A week later, the larvae begin to appear. They begin to make their way to the root of the plant and eat it, thus completely damaging the roots. Also, this pest makes a move in the cabbage stem.

How to deal with cabbage fly:

• spray cabbage with tincture of burdock (you need to pour 2 kg of chopped burdock leaves into 10 liters of warm, but not hot water, then let it brew for about two days and strain);

Important!Before you spray the cabbage from the spring fly, you need to remember to get rid of all the weeds and plant residues from the garden in time.

• when autumn comes, it is necessary to dig up the soil;
• be sure to do hilling culture, as such actions contribute to the growth of additional roots.

The cabbage flea is a black beetle with a golden stripe on each wing. The length of the flea reaches up to 3 mm. The beetle larva has three pairs of legs, a yellowish color and a dark head. The length can reach up to 5 mm.

The wavy flea is very similar to the regular black flea. The difference is in color and habitat (wet environment).

In spring, the beetle begins to emerge from the soil where it wintered and settle on wild cabbage. The female lays her eggs directly on top of the soil. For ten days, the larvae form and appear on the eleventh day, starting to feed on small cabbage roots. After 20 days, the larvae turn into pupae, and after another 15 days, new wavy fleas appear. The beetles begin to eat away the cabbage, leaving round holes on its leaves. The skin of the plant remains completely intact.

How to deal with a flea:

• you should prepare a decoction of tansy (pour 800 g of dried or 3 kg of fresh tansy and pour 10 liters of water, then boil everything for 45 minutes; cool the broth and insist for 2 hours, then strain);
• spray the cabbage with a decoction in the evening 2 times a week.

Did you know?This method of flea control should be stopped 2 weeks before the main harvest.

The whitefish lays its eggs on the underside of cabbage leaves.

Next, caterpillars appear and begin to feed on leaves, and then spread over nearby crops. Many leaves do not remain intact after the "raid" of the caterpillars, as they simply eat them. On the plant itself, after that, you can only see the veins. Whitefish in the soil itself begins to slow down the growth of the culture, and it stops development. If the cabbage is severely affected, then heads of cabbage are not tied on it.

How to deal with such cabbage pests:

The cabbage moth is a butterfly whose wingspan can reach up to 1 cm.

The front wings have a brownish tint, along which there is a strip of dark color. The hind wings of the butterfly are narrowish, dark gray in color. The caterpillar of such a cabbage moth can reach a length of up to 1 cm. The caterpillar has a greenish color and eight pairs of legs.

The butterfly usually flies out in late spring and lays its eggs along the veins at the bottom of the cabbage leaf. Within a week, you may notice the appearance of caterpillars that begin to eat into the leaves and damage their skin. Noticeable passages appear in the pulp of the leaves. After that, the caterpillar can damage inner leaves and an emerging head of cabbage, as well as the top.

Processing cabbage from pests:

• recommended foliar top dressing special tool, which contains potassium chloride (superphosphate);
• you can try to remove all the remains of plants that remain after harvesting;
• weed the beds and remove all cruciferous weeds.

The cabbage moth is a butterfly whose wings reach 4 cm.

This pest has dark front wings with brown stripes. Rear wings - light brown. winter period the insect prefers to spend in the soil, and then the butterfly appears in early summer. The female lays her eggs on the underside of the leaf. After 11 days, caterpillars hatch from the eggs and begin to eat away the pulp of the leaf, gnawing it and making round holes. Large damage you can see with inside sheet. Caterpillars begin to pupate in a month.

The fight against such cabbage pests:

• destroy all weeds;
• try to catch all the butterflies with the help of a light lure;
• dig the soil in the garden;
• try to plant cabbage in early dates before the butterflies start to appear.

This pest is a butterfly whose wings can reach up to 5 cm.

The front wings are brown with a light transverse stripe. The hind wings are light brown in color. The scoop caterpillar is green in color, and may also have yellowish stripes on the sides of the body.

1. Spray with a decoction of bitter pepper. Take 1 kg of fresh pepper (or 0.5 dry red), then pour boiling water. The decoction should be infused for an hour. Then it is poured into plastic containers and stored in a cool dark place. Also, before you start spraying, add 40 g of laundry soap to 250 ml of decoction. Spraying interval - 15 days;
2. A solution of white mustard powder will also help in the fight against these pests. Preparation: add 12 g of powder to 1 liter of water, mix, strain. Before spraying the cabbage, 200 ml of the solution should be brought to a volume of 1 liter;
3. You can also try to catch butterflies with the help of light;
4. In autumn, do not forget to dig / weed your beds / vegetable gardens;
5. In summer, destroy all weeds;
6. Plant cabbage early before the appearance of this pest.

The cabbage aphid is a greenish insect. Aphid attacks young plant. On cabbage, you may notice the appearance of black dots that curl the leaves.

Important!If the aphids are not destroyed, the plant may die.

The fight against aphids on cabbage:

1. Spray with tincture of tomato leaves;
2. Treat the cabbage with soap and water and after a week do not forget to repeat the procedure;
3. Spray the plant with an anti-aphid tincture (ash, tobacco dust, a spoonful of mustard, a spoon liquid soap- all this pour 10 liters of boiling water. Let it brew for a day, strain).

The pest is an insect that hibernates under fallen autumn leaves and plant remains.

At the beginning of summer, the bug comes out, and the females begin to lay eggs on leaves, pods, plant stems. Cabbage, which is damaged by a bug, turns yellow, and characteristic spots form on it. Young shoots of cabbage die. The ovaries may also fall off.

Did you know?If you plant bitter wormwood next to cabbage, then it can protect the crop from the bug.

The fight against the cabbage bug:

• it is recommended to sprinkle the plant with a decoction of wormwood (pour cold water 3 kg of already chopped wormwood and boil for half an hour);
• it is also necessary to plant seedlings in time before the appearance of a bug;
• get rid of weeds and plant debris.

The cabbage root secretive trunk is a dark gray beetle.

The trunk reaches a length of 3 mm. Larvae usually white color and curved horseshoe shape. The wintering of the beetle occurs in the leaves of the forest. The females begin to lay their eggs in the stems of the cabbage, making holes in it. The larva feeds on the pulp of the stem, slowly starting to move towards the roots. At the same time, a swelling (or the so-called gall) appears on the root. One cabbage can be a carrier of 30 gallons where larval growth takes place. Then the larvae pass into the ground, where the transformation into a pupa begins.

Did you know?Many doctors claim that cabbage may contain substances that can fight the occurrence of cancerous tumors.

Pest control methods:

• remove weeds;
• inspect the roots and initially reject the plant with a growth.

An ordinary bear can reach a length of 7 cm. The insect has a rigid body with a soft abdomen and wings, strong jaws without whiskers and strongly developed legs that are adapted for digging passages in the ground. Medvedka reaches a length of 6 cm and has a rigid body with wings, strong horny jaws; the strongly developed front legs of the bear are digging - adapted for digging underground passages in the soil.

Did you know?Medvedka was named so because of her clumsy, densely overgrown dark brown body, like bears.

Bear fight:

• an insecticidal preparation that is laid out in a hole during the direct planting of cabbage; the hole is covered with soil;
• holes are dug where they put horse dung. Medvedka settles there to winter, after which the manure is thrown out.

Cabbage is a frequent visitor to our gardens. It is not only attractive from a gastronomic point of view, but also has many medicinal properties(for example, cabbage is indicated for cholelithiasis). However, this vegetable is prone to many diseases. What diseases of cabbage are and how to deal with them, our article will tell.

One of the most common cabbage diseases is white rot. Its causative agent is the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The symptoms of the disease include:

• mucus that appears on the outer leaves;
• the appearance between the leaves and on the head of a white cotton-like mycelium;
• then the fungus in large numbers forms black sclerotia. Their size varies from 0.1 to 3 cm;
• heads of cabbage infected with rot are not stored - they quickly rot. This infects neighboring vegetables.

The disease itself is characterized by a focal character. The above symptoms of white cabbage disease appear before harvesting. These plants should not be used in traditional medicine in particular for the treatment of gallstone disease.

To combat white rot, the following agrotechnical methods are used:

• preservation during harvesting on heads of about 2-3 covering sheets;
• prevention of cabbage damage during assembly;
• timely cleaning;
• proper preparation for storage;
• proper storage regime. The optimal temperature regime is (0-1°С);
• compliance with crop rotation with a period of 6-7 years.

Symptoms of gray mold include:

• the appearance of mucous bacteriosis;
• covering heads of cabbage with a brown fluffy coating, which contains spores of the pathogen;
• with a strong infection, rotting of the vegetable occurs;
• in the last phases of the development of the disease, black sclerotia appear on the head of cabbage.

Control methods involve manipulations that are largely similar, which are carried out to prevent white rot:

• timely harvest;
• prevention of damage to heads;
• preservation during assembly of 2-3 covering leaves;
• storage of vegetables in optimal temperature and humidity conditions;
• disinfection and cleaning of storage facilities;
• rejection for storage of frozen and damaged heads of cabbage.

In addition, it is recommended to use for sowing varieties that are resistant to this disease. The most popular varieties white cabbage, resistant to gray rot, is the Monarch and F1 Lying. Such varieties are not only used to treat gallstone disease, but also have a pleasant taste.

quila

Diseases of cabbage are varied. And another manifestation of them is Keel's disease. This disease is considered the most dangerous and common among white cabbage crops. Kila for cabbage is as serious in terms of danger as cancer for potatoes. The causative agent of Kila is a fungus that infects the roots of the plant.

Kila symptoms do not appear immediately after infection of the vegetable. Therefore, it is not possible to identify the disease at an early stage. Symptoms of this disease can only be detected when digging up the plant.

Keele's disease has the following clinical picture:

• slight wilting of leaves;
• leaves may become yellowish;
• heads of cabbage may be underdeveloped;
• swellings and outgrowths appear on the roots. In the future, these growths begin to rot.

As you can see, the symptoms of Kila are not pronounced and if you are inattentive, they can be missed. Therefore, be careful, especially when treating gallstone disease with cabbage.

Control measures for Keele disease include the following:

1. destruction of affected plants;
2. cultivating land in places where affected vegetables grow with formalin or Bordeaux mixture;
3. soil cultivation with colloidal sulfur. For 1m 2 there is 5 g or a 0.4% solution;
4. thermal soil treatment. This implies heating the soil with steam for 3 hours. The method is used to disinfect the land in greenhouses.
5. cultural turnover, which is 5-7 years;
6. soil liming.

Video “Diseases of white cabbage and their treatment

Yellowness

Fusarium wilt of cabbage or its yellowness is another fairly common disease of this plant. The causative agent of yellowness is the fungus Fusarium oxysporum. It affects mainly early plant varieties. This is especially true for seedlings.

The main signs of yellow cabbage disease include:

• the appearance of a specific color of the leaves. They take on a yellow-green hue. The leaf may become this color only partially;
• loss of turgor leaves;
• uneven development of the leaf plate;
• the lesion is localized on the head;
• leaf fall until the head is completely exposed (with the neglect of pathological processes).

If you make a cross section of the head and petioles of the leaves, you will see dark brown or light brown rings of vessels.

The list of control measures developed against Fusarium wilt includes the following agrotechnical measures:

• destruction of plants;
• steaming or replacing the soil;
• autumn soil disinfection. To do this, you must use a solution of copper sulfate. We prepare it based on 10 liters of water 5 g of the drug.

When carrying out the above methods of struggle, your crop will be suitable not only for purely gastronomic purposes, but also for the treatment of gallstone disease.

Mosaic

Mosaic on cabbage leaves is not uncommon. The causative agent of this disease is a virus that affects all varieties of cabbage known today.

The first symptoms of infection appear within a month after planting seedlings in open ground. The main symptom of this disease in white cabbage is the appearance of a specific mosaic pattern on the leaves.

In addition, the following symptoms of the course of the disease are possible:

• clarification of leaf veins;
• the appearance of a dark green border on them;
• the sheet becomes wrinkled and deformed;
• in rare cases, necrotic spots appear on the leaf plate;
• then comes the death and fall of the affected leaves.

Fighting this disease is useless. Therefore, when a mosaic is detected, all affected plants are subject to immediate destruction. Affected heads of cabbage should not be eaten, and even more so used to treat gallstone disease, even when infected leaves are removed. Here only possible preventive measures which include:

• weeding beds from weeds;
• treatment of plants with insecticides, since ticks and aphids are carriers of the virus;
• planting seedlings away from state farm fields.

downy mildew

In addition to the above diseases of cabbage, another fairly common ailment is or peronosporosis. The causative agent of this disease is the fungus Peronospora parasitica.

The symptomatic picture with downy mildew has the following manifestations:

• reddish-yellowish or gray-yellow blurry spots appear on the leaves. From the bottom of such spots, the formation of loose mycelium occurs;
• mycelium has the form of forked conidiophores. They end in colorless oval conidia, the size of which varies in the range of 22-20 microns;
• during one growing season, several generations of conidia are formed;
• at the end of the season, the formation of rounded oospores is characteristic yellow color. It is because of them that secondary infection of plants occurs;
• Affected leaves eventually turn yellow and fall off.

To combat peronosporosis, specialists have developed the following agrotechnical methods:

• maintenance in greenhouses of optimal indicators for the development of seedlings;
• harvesting after harvesting all plant residues;
• use for seedlings only healthy seeds that do not have external defects;
• before sowing, the soil is treated with planriz or TMTD;
• carrying out hydrothermal treatment of seeds. Here it is supposed to lower the seeds in hot water for 20 minutes. Water temperature - about 50 ° C, no more. After that, the seeds should be quickly cooled for 2-3 minutes in cold water.

If the first symptoms appear on seedlings, after planting it must be treated with specialized preparations designed to combat this particular disease.

In the treatment of gallstone disease, plants that have even slight signs of this disease are by no means used.

Blackleg

The black leg of cabbage most often affects seedlings. It is considered a very dangerous disease. The group of pathogens includes different kinds mushrooms.

To her characteristics include the following manifestations:

• the affected part of the stem becomes watery;
• darkening (sometimes it can turn brown) with further decay of the lower part of the stem;
• thinning of the root neck and further darkening with the formation of a constriction;
• in the future, the death of the whole plant is possible.

In the active stage of the disease, neighboring plants are infected.

If infected seedlings are planted in the ground, then the plants will take root poorly due to a weak root system and often stop developing or die.

The following control measures have been developed for this disease:

• planting those varieties of cabbage that are highly resistant to this disease. These varieties include, for example, Kazachok, but the varieties Belorusskaya 455, Moscow late 9 and Amager 611 are considered the most affected;
• disinfection of seeds before planting biological preparations(Planriz, Baktofit, Fitolavin-300, Fitosporin) or chemical (Cumulus DF, Fundazol, TMTD). Chemicals in this situation will be more effective;
• fresh soil;
• frequent change of soil and its disinfection with chemicals.

As you can see, there are a lot of cabbage diseases. Therefore, knowing the first symptoms of the disease and methods of dealing with it will help to grow high-quality and useful harvest that can help in the treatment of even gallstone disease.

Video “Tricks of growing cabbage”

How to protect your crop from diseases and pests, and what to do if misfortune did happen? You will find some tricks for growing, caring for and treating cabbage in the video below.

Cabbage is grown on almost every suburban area. Summer residents with experience know that pests and various diseases regularly attack this plant.

It is very important to recognize them in time, so that treatment can be started in a timely manner. By the way, almost all white cabbage diseases are caused by pests, which are described below ...

Pests

Insecticide treatment - a guarantee of protection against pests

At any stage of development, cabbage can be attacked by a wide variety of pests. For prevention purposes, plants should be treated every 10 days with special insecticides:

• "Zolon",
• "Sherpa",
• "Volaton"
• "Karate",
• "Sumialfa".

So what are the most common pests that can attack cabbage, and what methods of dealing with them should be used?

Spring cabbage fly

This fly is a small flying insect. It has a body up to 6 mm long, gray color and transparent wings. The greatest harm it is not the flies themselves that inflict, but their larvae, which reach a length of 8 mm and have a white color.

spring cabbage fly

They overwinter in the soil where cabbage is grown. First, they damage the roots of the plant, then they begin to eat the roots, and then move on to the stems of the plant. Eating moves in them.

Ways to fight

• First you need to make a habit of regularly fighting weeds. After harvesting, you also need to remove all the remains of the plant from the ground, and dig up the soil.
• It is important to follow the rules of crop rotation.
• In case of damage, it is necessary to spray the cabbage with solutions of Rovikurt, Ambush, Tolkord - a concentration of 0.1%. You can also use for processing preparations "Corsair" or "Anometrin" - a concentration of 0.6%.

cabbage scoop

It is the most dangerous cabbage pest. With its appearance and growth, mass death of plants can occur. During the day, the mole hides under the leaves, and begins to lead an active life with the onset of twilight.

It is a butterfly up to five centimeters in size. It has brown wings with transverse light stripes. The caterpillars of these butterflies cause the greatest harm. They are green with yellow stripes on the sides.

cabbage scoop

Ways to fight

• It is necessary to remove weeds and plant residues in a timely manner after harvesting.
• After harvesting, it is necessary to dig up the soil, since it is in it that the caterpillars of this pest live.
• If the pest was found, you need to spray the plants with the following preparations: Ambush, Sumicidin, Tsimbush, Talkord, Belofos, Sumicidin, Gomelin, Cyanox. these drugs must be diluted in accordance with the instructions that are always attached to them.

Aphid cabbage

Cabbage aphid - a small pest

It is a small sucking pest. The body length reaches 2.5 mm. Aphids settle on the top of the cabbage, stem and inflorescences, as well as on the leaves on both sides. Can cause significant damage. Up to 15 generations of aphids can change on cabbage in one season.

Ways to fight

• Weeds and plant debris must be removed from the beds in a timely manner.
• An excellent effect is given by the fight against aphids with the help of entomophagous insects that consume aphids for food. Therefore, you can settle on the beds ladybugs, hoverfly flies with larvae, mosquitoes. You can use parasitic insects that will lay their larvae in the bodies of aphids.
• To attract beneficial insects to cabbage that can destroy aphids, you need to plant celery, carrots, and dill next to it.
• In the event of an aphid attack on cabbage, the following drugs will help: Tolkodorm, Ambush, Corsair, Rovikur, Antio (see instructions).
• Soil moisture must be maintained at 85 percent, then cabbage aphids will not settle on plants.

Cruciferous flea

cruciferous flea

A fairly common pest of cabbage. More appears in early spring. In addition to cabbage, it eats colza and radish. In heat and drought, the number of fleas increases at times. Insects eat cabbage, leaving round holes behind them. Most often, the growth point is damaged.

If measures are not taken in time, fleas can eat the plant in a day, leaving only the stems. In June, they lay their eggs on the ground surface. The larvae begin to feed on the roots of the plant, but do not carry much harm.

However, after 25 days they turn into adult cruciferous fleas that pupate. After 10 days, new individuals appear that damage plants even more. The threshold of harmfulness is two beetles per plant. Fleas overwinter in the ground, where they go in autumn.

Ways to fight

• It is important to violate the conditions for the existence of cruciferous fleas, that is, to create a humid environment (soil and air).
• Plants benefit from tobacco dust or ashes.
• It is important to consider that with the development of the fifth leaf, fleas leave the plant.

Medvedka

This is what a bear looks like

It is the most aggressive pest. Is omnivorous. Can massively damage cabbage. It lives in the soil in long burrows, from which it emerges in May.

Ways to fight

• Enough effective tool from the bear is "Bankol" (50 percent). To do this, ground corn kernels need to be steamed until swelling. Per kilogram of ground grain, add 7 g of the drug, and then mix everything thoroughly. Leave the mixture to infuse for up to 7 hours on the lid. Before placing the bait on the beds, add 50 ml of oil there. The mixture can either be simply laid out on the ground, or compacted inside.

cabbage fire

Butterfly with wingspan 3 cm. Brown wings with wavy stripes. The caterpillars of this insect are most dangerous for cabbage. They live on leaves and infect them.

Ways to fight

Long-legged harmful

The insect resembles a mosquito with long legs. The case reaches a length of 2.5 cm. Long-legs hibernate in the ground, and in the spring they begin to damage the roots of plants. Dangerous for young plants.

Ways to fight

• It is important to remove plant debris after harvest.
• It is important to observe crop rotation.
• If the pest has already been detected, then it is advisable to spray the plants with calcium cyanamide, which inhibits the reproduction of the weevil.

cabbage leaf beetle

Cabbage leaf beetle - pest beetle

It has another name - babanukha. It is a black beetle with a greenish shell and brown paws. They hibernate in the soil on the remains of plants and manure. It infects cabbage leaves, attacks in June.

Ways to fight

• It is important to remove the remains of plants in the fall before wintering.
• If the pest is found, then the cabbage should be sprayed with Aktellik (0.15%).

Diseases

In order for the cabbage to be damaged by diseases as rarely as possible, it is necessary to observe a good agrotechnical background, observe the rules of crop rotation, and seed dressing must be carried out before planting. The diseases described below affect all types of cabbage.

black spot

black spot cabbage

Another name for cabbage black spot is Alternariosis. With this disease, different parts cabbage, brown necrotic spots appear. Get bigger as they spread brown spots with fungus. The carriers of the disease overwinter in seeds and plant debris. The disease is spread by pests.

Ways to fight

• Before sowing, the seeds must be heated in water to +50 degrees Celsius, then cooled and dried.
• Weeds and plant debris must be removed in time.

quila

The main symptom of the disease are growths that grow on the roots of cabbage. The growths are in the form of a ball or oval. At first, the growths are similar in color to the roots, and then become brown. Affected plants begin to lag behind in growth. Heads of cabbage are underdeveloped.

Ways to fight

downy mildew

It also has another name - peronosporosis. The first sign of the disease is yellow spots on the leaves. On the lower leaves white cabbage - red spots. From below, the pouring is covered with a white bloom.

Ways to fight

• Change before planting must be decontaminated. To do this, keep them in water at a temperature of 50 degrees Celsius for 20 minutes.
• If the disease has affected the seedlings, pollination should be carried out using ground sulfur or wood ash at the rate: 50 kr per 1 square meter. Pollination should be repeated three times after 7 days.
• An excellent result is obtained by spraying the plants with a Topaz solution (1 ampoule per 10 liters of water).

Dry rot on cabbage

Dry rot

It manifests itself as white spots with dark specks that appear on cabbage leaves. It resembles a black cabbage stalk, but the affected areas are usually gray in color. The cabbage begins to grow more slowly, and its lower branches become lilac or pinkish in color.

Ways to fight

• The same methods of combating the disease are effective as with downy mildew.
• Seeds must be treated with tigam (0.5%) before sowing.

Blackleg

black leg of cabbage

The root neck due to this disease softens and turns black. The stem also deteriorates and eventually dies.

Ways to fight

• It is important to properly sow, avoiding thickening, excessive moisture and high temperatures.
• If the seedlings have nevertheless undergone this disease, then the damaged plant must be removed, and the seedlings should be watered with a solution of water and potassium permanganate at the rate of: 5 g per 10 liters.
• For preventive purposes, it is necessary to spray with Fitoflavin, Baktofit, Planriz preparations.

black ring spot

It is a viral disease of cabbage. First you can see dark spots on cabbage leaves. With the development of the disease, large dark green spots appear on the leaves, which then become brown necrotic rings. The spots become as if pressed into the leaves.

Ways to fight

Vascular bacteriosis

Signs of the disease appear on cabbage leaves. They begin to resemble parchment. The veins turn black and the leaves begin to die.

Ways to fight

• Change before planting must be decontaminated. To do this, keep them in water at a temperature of 50 degrees Celsius for 20 minutes. If diseased plants appear, then the subsequent planting of cabbage on this bed can be done only after three years.
• You can use the drugs "Planriz" and "Trichodermin".

Mosaic Affected Cabbage Head

Mosaic

Spots appear on the leaves between the veins. When the veins are bent, the leaves begin to deform. If the case is neglected, then the dark green border begins to frame the leaves. Then necrotic light spots appear on them.

Ways to fight

• Unfortunately, these viral diseases cannot be cured. Plants must certainly be urgently removed from the garden, and with it the weeds and nearby growing plantings.

White rot

The disease can manifest itself in different ways: the head begins to rot, a white web appears on the underside of the leaves. Infection occurs through the soil, especially if it is rich in nitrogen. Low temperatures also contribute to the onset of the disease.

Ways to fight

• To protect cabbage from pests, you can use toothpaste maybe even dried up. You should take the use of open tubes of toothpaste, pour water and let them brew for a day. Pests don't like this pasta treat.
• Regularly you need to change the preparations for treating plants so that the pests do not get used.
• A solution of pharmacy valerian should be dissolved in three liters of water. This solution should be sprayed on young plants. The cabbage butterfly does not like valerian. In addition, after the tying of heads of cabbage, not a single pest will appear.

Thus, the cultivation of cabbage requires careful attention from the first day of sowing seeds. Only high-quality prevention will help to avoid the appearance of diseases and pests on all varieties of cabbage.

It is the most common and popular vegetable along with potatoes. There are a large number of varieties and types of cabbage, but they are all subject to various diseases and pests. At the same time, the main difficulty in protecting cabbage from pests is the undesirability of using pesticides at any stage of development. Therefore, when protecting and treating cabbage, preventive measures and limiting the use of pesticides are so important.

Diseases of cabbage

Among the main diseases of cabbage are the following:

• White rot, the sources of infection of which are the mycelium of the sclerotia.
• Gray rot occurs when the crop is not properly stored.
• Kila among all the enemies of cabbage is the most dangerous and common. Infection occurs through a fungus that damages the roots.
• Yellowness of cabbage, which is caused by a soil microorganism. Penetrating into the plant through the roots or damage to the cabbage leaf, such a fungus prevents the movement of water in the vessels and causes the yellowness of the leaf, followed by its withering.
• Cabbage mosaic is a viral disease, and it can only be dealt with by prevention.
• Downy mildew (peronosporosis) appears on the leaves in the form of reddish-yellow spots with a touch of mycelium on the underside.
• The black leg appears mainly on seedlings different ages and causes darkening of the basal part of the stem.

Methods of dealing with diseases of cabbage

For successful counteraction with cabbage diseases, first of all, it must be taken into account that they can be provoked high content moisture in the air or soil dampness. Considering that pathogens of cabbage diseases can remain viable in the soil for several years, it is advisable to change the place of planting cabbage annually, feed the vegetable and feed it, protecting it from pests. Using preventive measures, for example, a decoction of hot peppers, marigolds or horsetail, you can not only cure, but also protect against the spread of diseases.

The main thing is the systematic fight against diseases of cabbage during flowering and heading out. Ways to deal with a disease that has already affected cabbage depend on each specific type of disease.

To combat white rot, it is important to observe a 6-7 year old. The same can be recommended to prevent the development of gray rot. But the fight against clubroot consists in the destruction of the diseased plant and the cultivation of the soil with formalin or Bordeaux liquid. Plants affected by yellowness are also destroyed, and in the fall, treat the soil with a solution of copper sulfate.

To protect against, you can use special chemicals or folk remedies. To combat the black leg, the seeds are pre-treated with biological preparations or more effective chemical ones. To destroy spores in the soil, it is disinfected with boiling water, freshly slaked lime or a solution of potassium permanganate.

Cabbage pests with photo

Causes of cabbage diseases can be pests, among the most dangerous are cabbage aphids and, as well as cruciferous flea and other insects.

Pests of cabbage seedlings

Almost all existing pests are especially dangerous for cabbage seedlings. Therefore, the fight against them must begin with the preparation of the soil before sowing seeds in. Before planting, it is necessary to carefully examine it for the presence of insects, midges. If necessary, treat in a timely manner with infusions and decoctions tested over many years. Recipes on how to deal with cabbage pests and diseases are posted in large numbers on the Internet and the most suitable for this particular case are selected.

Ways to protect cabbage from pests (video)