Description of the front door. How to choose the front door to the apartment - recommendations of professionals. External and internal steel sheets

The function of the front door is to guard the apartment and provide restful sleep hosts. We can say that it is also a sign of hospitality and taste of the owner. In me, the front door becomes a decoration of the facade of the house and a "visiting card" of the building. The right front door is, first of all, the quality of the construction and the aesthetic component.

Entrance door materials

According to the material of manufacture today construction market offers entrance doors made of:

• metal
• tree
• plastic
• aluminum
• glass

Since the mounting plates are internally fastened, it is better to use an anchor. It is also important to make a doorway from quality materials, since the installation is carried out closer to the inner surface of the wall.

The main advantages can be found in the 90-degree opening and in the exclusion of moisture. The disadvantage is the exit of the front door when opening into the hallway, which requires additional space. The door stop must be installed, the visor, in any case, is necessary.

According to the third option, the door is attached directly to the opening. This method can greatly reduce the likelihood of breaking the door frame and at the same time prevent water from leaking from the walls. In this case, there is no need to mount platbands, and the door will still open 90 degrees. When installing the front door in the doorway, it will be possible to avoid damage to the hinges, but this will lead to inconvenient opening with a narrow opening. Such a door can be opened both inward and outward, but with the obligatory presence of a door stop. With such a setting reduced chance of hacking and moisture ingress, the hinges remain intact. Meanwhile, the small dimensions of the opening can become quite inconvenient for residents.

In this part of the article we will talk about how to install the front door with your own hands. Typically, this process is carried out country house. It happens that the installation is carried out by the seller itself, but if you are sure that you will cope with this task, you can proceed with the installation yourself. Only right installed door can last a long time, and there will be no difficulties when closing and opening. You can read below how to securely install it.

First mounting method

It is produced by mounting plates, which are superimposed on the edges of the opening from the inside, so that the outer part of the door is in the same plane with the wall. To fix the mounting plates, it is better to choose steel bars that need to be welded, leaving a technological gap of 15 mm between the wall and the opening.

The second mounting method

It must be used in the case when there is a need, as it were, to “drown” the door into the opening. But it is used with a wall thickness of at least 15 centimeters. Otherwise, you with my own hands help intruders to get into the apartment, who can easily pull the door out of the wall. In this case, anchor bolts are used to fasten the door frame. They need to be inserted into pre-drilled holes. When the door is already installed, the visible ends of the bolts are covered with plastic plugs to match the color of the box. Do not forget also about the technological technological gap, which is recommended to be left between door frame and wall.

To tightly fix the front door in doorway, you need to use wooden wedges that are pushed into the gap between the doorway and the frame. Thus, the side racks and the top are fixed. Align the door with a plumb bob or . Then drill holes in the wall. They must pass through the mounting lugs to a depth of at least 1 centimeter. Pins are hammered in there or anchor bolts are attached to them. Be sure to check the verticality of the rack from time to time with a level. After the pins are welded to mounting plates, you can hang a door leaf. For ease, you can pre-lubricate the hinges, but then remove the excess lubricant.

Open and close the door several times, checking the geometrical correctness of the installation. Before the final welding of the rods or tightening of the bolts, once again check the verticality of the racks. Watch the geometry of the door. The remaining gap is trimmed mounting foam, no more than one cylinder for standard door. The foam dries in 24 hours, after which you can begin the process of processing the opening with plaster.

Different types of premises present a unique set of requirements for the characteristics of the entrance doors. They can be classified according to various features and indicators.

1. Material

Entrance doors, depending on the materials used in the manufacture can be divided into groups:

The most common type of front door is a steel door. The main material can be completely hidden by finishing materials, so the structure can look like wood or plastic. The most common option is a steel front door trim. plastic panels with further processing by powder paints. Powder coatings are resistant to abrasion and mechanical influences(lost no more than 5% after 5 years of operation). They are applied using extrusion technology. The initial stage involves the application of powder dye, the next - heating the canvas to 700 degrees Celsius. Thus, the powder is not only firmly fixed on the web, but also partially penetrates the metal or other material. Obvious plus this option hidden in the possibility of replacing the coating to update the door or change the appearance.

glass

Today, a wooden front door is used quite rarely. main reason the unpopularity of this kind is the low safety. Despite this, a wooden door is of interest to wealthy owners of private houses with a high level of security. Thus, its installation is desirable only with the support of additional security systems. The most common option is oak massif. Obviously, the installation of this type of wooden front door significantly exceeds the cost of manufacturing and installing a steel structure.

In the event that the front door must be sliding, it becomes advisable to use aluminum. Most often, products from this type of material are used for installation in warehouses or garages, entrances to protected areas.

Plastic entrance doors are used extremely rarely. Their use is expedient in closed areas or places of preliminary check by the security point.

The glass front door is used in modern business centers, offices of prestigious companies or in the arrangement of private houses of wealthy customers.

Sealed

2. Appointment

The shockproof type of entrance doors is necessary to limit unauthorized access to public, residential, industrial, as well as helper types buildings and premises. Comply with GOST-31173-2003, GOST R 51072-97. Shockproof should not provide tightness, as well as proper water, moisture, dust, wind, sound and heat insulation.

The bulletproof type of entrance doors is used for installation in office and residential premises. Their main task is to protect against unauthorized access. This type of structures must be certified and fully comply with GOST in terms of protection. GOST R 51112–97 classes from 1 to 6 (bullet resistance). GOST R 51224–97 and GOST R 51113–97 classes from 1 to 7 (burglary resistance).

The fireproof type of entrance doors is characterized by the fire resistance limit EI30, EI60. Must comply with GOST. GOST 30247.0-94, GOST 26602. 1-99, GOST 26602.3-99. Prevents the spread of fire. This type is relevant for installation in rooms with large quantity electrical appliances, in objects chemical industry, laboratories and some types of warehouses.

The hermetic type of entrance doors is mainly used for installation on enclosing shelters, as well as in rooms with controlled air environment (food units, laboratories, pharmaceutical rooms, operating rooms). Climatic performance complies with GOST 15150-69. Sealing and valves for various types rooms must provide gas or fire resistance, as well as withstand structural loads.

Noise-absorbing front doors are extremely rare. Used in high-end residential buildings, laboratories or recording studios.

fire fighting

3. Opening method

Door structures are divided according to the method of opening into swing, sliding, internal, external, left and right. Creating a reliable sliding front door is a technologically complex and expensive task, so this type is almost never found. Regardless of the material used, the front door can open inward or outward. It should be borne in mind that opening to the outside is accompanied by significantly less heat loss in the room. The outdoor type is more secure and tamper-proof. The choice of opening side is extremely important condition with a small amount of usable space: narrow corridors, landings apartment buildings, underground entrances.

The front door is perhaps the most important in the house. What are the entrance doors? They serve as protection against encroachments on property and the owner of the house. They not only isolate various noises, but also serve as a good protection to keep the heat in the house. Another important nuance is that they should serve as a hallmark of the owners of the house, and also fit perfectly into the interior. Often, they judge the owners and their wealth. So, entrance doors should be strong, durable, reliable and organically fit into the style of the room.

Entrance doors not only isolate external noise, but also serve as a good protection against intruders.

What are the doors? Currently, the choice of manufacturers on the market is very large. When choosing, compare not only quality and price, but also design.

Types of entrance doors:

• steel;
• aluminum;
• wooden;
• plastic.

Entrance doors made of metal and aluminum

Steel entrance doors are distinguished by their resistance to break-ins and are well protected from various extraneous noises. At the same time, the thicker they are, the more difficult it is for attackers to crack them, and their sound insulation is excellent. They serve as excellent protection for keeping the heat in the house and are extremely resistant to fires. steel doors can be divided into 3 classes:

• economy;
• standard;
• elite.

By choosing the economy class, you save on a rather low quality and, accordingly, on the price. The thickness of such a door is insufficient, and you are not immune from breaking. The finish is also primitive, mostly powder coated.

Standard class - the most demanded in the market of manufacturers and sales. The price is optimal, but the quality is significant better than the first. The standard class has a sufficient level of burglary resistance, sound insulation and thermal insulation.

The elite class is considered the most expensive and durable, and the price for it is very high. hallmark is high quality. Such doors are mainly produced to order, since they are very expensive, many manufacturers do not put them into mass production. Elite class has high performance for sound and thermal insulation. Due to the high quality of steel, such doors are called armored. Finishing is also of high quality, for example, it can be made of fine wood.

Aluminum is mainly intended for office space. Excellent presentable appearance will look very good in any interior. As you know, aluminum has properties to protect itself, so on the surface it creates protective film, which perfectly protects from any external irritants.

Wooden and plastic

Great option for shopping centers, shops, medical institutions - plastic entrance doors.

Their characteristic is as follows:

• reliability and resistance to temperature extremes and various temperature loads;
• provide excellent thermal insulation due to insulation;
• increased moisture resistance;
• high level dust protection;
• due to the high tightness guarantee a high level of sound insulation;
• deformation is extremely unlikely under severe external factors.

Many people think that the tree is the last century, but this is not true.

Wooden doors remain in demand at the present time.

Main advantage wooden products- no corrosion, relatively low weight, strength and environmental friendliness. They are made both from individual bars and from a continuous canvas, so their price will also differ. They occupy leading positions due to their high sound insulation and thermal insulation. Modern wooden doors fireproof, as the material is treated with special fire-fighting agents.

Whichever front door you choose, remember that it should serve for a long time and reliably.

Classes metal doors - this is one of those concepts that are very fond of "playing" companies that are engaged exclusively in sales and are not related to the production of doors. Currently on Russian market iron doors are presented in a large assortment, and their price range is very wide. At the same time, it is not always clear to the buyer why this or that door costs so much and why it is necessary to overpay if outwardly they all look the same or differ only in finishing. This is where some sellers are trying to confuse the terminology, singling out “iron doors”, “steel doors” and even “armored doors” in different price categories.

The price of an iron door, depending on many factors ( design, finishes, etc.), of course, will be different. However, you need to know the basics: the frame of any metal door is sheathed with a steel sheet. Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon with other elements. Therefore, you should not trust sellers who use synonymous words to separate, in fact, the same products into different categories.

It would be more correct to pay attention to what classes of metal doors are distinguished by GOST 31173-2003, since it is in it that technical description steel door blocks. So, according to the state standard, the classification of these products includes six features.

Signs of classification of metal doors

1. Appointment

Firstly, appointment: doors are external (entrance to the building) and internal (entrance to an apartment or a room inside a building).

2. Construction

Secondly, constructive performance. They may differ according to the following criteria:

• frame type: closed box, U-shaped box, U-shaped box with the possibility of adding a threshold;
• number of canvases: single-floor, double-floor, with horizontal or vertical inserts;
• direction and opening: inward or outward, left or right.

3. Finishing

The third sign of the classification of doors is finishing. This is what, perhaps, first of all, a potential buyer pays attention to. Producer capabilities offer wide selection finishing options. In accordance with GOST, they can be divided into painting with paints and varnishes or powder compositions and lining with leather, film, wood, metal, glass or a combination of materials.

4. Operation

The next important component is performance. They combine such indicators as heat transfer, sound insulation, water and air tightness. Each of them has three subclasses, which can be combined with each other in different combinations, depending on the design.

5. Durability

The fifth characteristic is also worth paying attention to, because it is it that determines the ability of the entire structure to resist burglary - this strength. Strength classes M1, M2 or M3 are assigned to the product after passing tests for static, dynamic and shock loading. The class is given based on the worst result of any test.

6. Protection

The last and perhaps the most important feature in the official standard classification is protective properties. Despite the appearance and performance characteristics, the main thing that is required from a steel front door is to be a reliable barrier against intruders. According to certain criteria, the product is classified into one of three versions:

• Normal: when the design has simple locks and a locking anti-removal device;
• Reinforced: in addition to the "normal", there is a multi-bolt lock with locking around the perimeter. Strength not lower than M2;
• Protective: same as "reinforced", but the strength of the product meets M1 and meets the additional requirements of the standard.

Models of metal doors produced by the "Doors Pro" factory

Classification by price category

However, it is worth noting that from the consumer's point of view, the classes of metal doors defined by the state standard represent a very complex system. Therefore, the gradation by cost (“economy”, “business”, “elite”) used by manufacturers is quite reasonable. In a certain price category, they combine doors that can combine different features. For example, a door with multi-bolt locks sheathed with thick sheet steel will not necessarily be expensive if you choose a simple powder enamel as a finishing material. Conversely, a thin steel sheet lined with hardwood panels combined with increased sound and heat insulation will cost more. Although such a product will not have high protective properties.

When choosing a metal door, you should look for a responsible manufacturer who carefully fulfills the requirements of GOST not only in terms of finishing, but also in terms of security and strength door block. The Doors Pro company has its own production of metal doors, which are made of high-quality steel that meets the state standard. serious attitude to the point, compliance with the requirements of GOSTs and OSTs, Hi-tech- this is the guarantee of reliability and quality of our products.

The catalog contains doors of various price segments and options, both standard and custom.

Everyone knows that a good and reliable front door should be metal. They have a huge number of advantages, including attractive appearance, which is mainly provided by decorative design. MDF, laminate, vinyl leather - all these materials can turn an ordinary canvas into a masterpiece modern design. Regardless of where the structure will be installed, a beautiful and high-quality finish is always necessary.

Main types of finishes

What materials are used to decorate entrance metal doors? There are a few different types finishes for every taste and budget, ranging from elite expensive solid wood or resistant to natural and mechanical influences powder paint ending with cheap vinyl leather. The choice depends not only on your preferences, but from a professional point of view on the design of the premises and the budget of the buyer.

array

The most expensive option is an array, that is, a solid wood finish. The benefits are obvious. One of the objective reasons for choosing an array is natural material. Manufacturers offer you wide range solutions that will differ in design ideas.

MDF

If you are for modern material, affordable cost, practicality and durability in the policy of finishing entrance doors, then MDF boards are just that unique option. Today, manufacturers provide great opportunities regarding the choice of design. Decorative layer in the form of a PVC film with a variety of patterns in a wide palette of colors (the most commonly used shades and textures that imitate valuable rock natural wood). The thickness varies from 6 to 20 mm. There is interesting ideas milling, color solutions, and the main advantage of MDF panels is good sound insulation.

Laminated chipboard

Another a budget option, which is often found in apartment buildings where the humidity is normal. Chipboard is cheaper than MDF due to the artificial material. Among the inherent advantages, sound insulation can be distinguished.

Viniliskin (dermantine)

Cheap option and available in a wide range color schemes, whatever you want. Of course, resistance to direct damage is minimal, but none of the above and below presented types of finishes can boast of this. Dermantin is a durable and resistant material to moisture, it can be washed without problems. BUT the protective and insulating properties, as a rule, of such doors are the lowest.

Polymer powder coating

We draw your attention to the fact that it is polymer powder coating that is anti-vandal and is used for exterior finish canvases in an apartment, in a private house. Color variations and types of coating can be very different, for example, black shagreen, copper antique, crocodile, moire, silk, etc.

Glass and mirror inserts

A particularly interesting and effective solution is to decorate a metal door with glass and mirror inserts. The uniqueness is that the canvas becomes part of the interior of the room. Mirror on inside can be used as intended. And at the same time visually it will increase the space of the room.

Photo printing

Progress has come to such a point that almost any design solutions, for example, a photograph, a poster, whatever. This is great for photography. The interior will certainly be improved if the image style is chosen correctly. The drawing is covered with a special composition that protects against scratches and allows you to clean the surface from dust and dirt.

Forging

Popular and exclusive solution arrange a metal door with forging. Using this technique, you can realize the most original ideas. Also with reverse side medals it effective method additionally protect the structure from hacking, since forged elements strengthen the canvas. It will be especially strong if double-glazed windows are used in the design.

As you can see, each of the finishing materials for entrance metal doors has its own characteristics. Each of them is worthy of attention and deserves its place on the canvas.