Choose a water-based paint. What is the difference between water-based paint and water-dispersion

Market building materials is currently rich in a wide range of paints necessary for the implementation of repair work.

When choosing coloring products, you may encounter some difficulties caused by ignorance characteristic features, properties and differences different kind colors.

To decide which dye to give preference to - water-dispersion or water-based, it is recommended to take into account specifications each type and find the differences.

Distinguishing properties

Before choosing a paint, there are a number of factors to consider:

compound;
specific gravity;
spending specifics;
coating service life.

Dispersion

The composition of such a coating includes aqueous dispersions, as well as binders made of acrylic, latex or polyvinyl acetate. The sphere of use, the strength of the dye and its resistance to moisture directly depend on these components.

Most affordable option is a water-dispersion paint based on polyvinyl acetate, used for painting various kinds of ceilings. It cannot be used in the bathroom or in the kitchen, because this type of paint does not have high moisture-resistant properties. This coating has another significant drawback - the tendency to the rapid appearance of stains and dirt.

The coating, created with latex water-dispersion paint, is durable and resistant to the formation of contaminants.

With the most the best properties protection and impeccable resistance to atmospheric conditions that can cause Negative consequences, acrylic water-dispersion paint can be used for painting both the interior and exterior of the building.

It can be applied to walls and ceilings made of concrete and wood. Such a surface is not at all afraid of high humidity.

Roller application

Spray gun application

When using water-dispersion paints, it is necessary to take into account their unique properties, the main ones being:

the air temperature during their use should be more than + 5 ° C;
complete drying occurs after a couple of hours after coating;
the ability to flawlessly fill small cracks and crevices with coloring matter;
no need to prepare surfaces before using paint.

Water-dispersion coating has many advantages. We can highlight the most important of them:

reliability and long service life;
breathability;
resistance to temperature extremes, moisture and other environmental influences;
resistance to aggressive household chemicals - detergents and cleaners;
the absence of harmful substances in the composition;
the ability to combine with all types of surfaces (except for metal, since connection with it can lead to corrosion);
no pungent odor;
relatively fast drying of the surface - before applying a new layer after the previous one, it is enough to wait only one hour.

Emulsion

Water based paint has water composition with additional pigment and polymer particles present in it. In some cases mineral, acrylic or silicone resins may be present. Solvents added in different proportions can change the structure of such a coating.

The consumption of water-based dye is approximately 210 ml of substance per 1 sq. m of area to be painted. But this is a conditional value, since the indicator tends to change in accordance with the type of surface, breeding method and other circumstances. Specific gravity coverage involves no more than 1.5 kg.

Among the main advantages that water-based paint, allocate:

no pungent odor;
the dye has special properties that allow the coating to dry quickly after application;
easy and simple coating method is provided due to the unique consistency;
the ability to change color with the help of special pigments - colors;
the ability to mask dark areas on the wall with a single pass with a roller or a single jet of an airbrush;
walls that are coated with a water-based emulsion in any way are completely painted with the composition, without forming smudges or marks from brushes, rollers and other devices designed for this purpose;
a large assortment of tools for painting surfaces with this type of paint;
affordable price.

However, water-based paint has minor drawbacks, which are recommended to pay attention to when choosing it:

The paint base contains a large amount of water, so it is not recommended to paint metal or glossy surfaces with it.
Unfortunately, there are many fakes, since the manufacture of water-based paint is not particularly difficult. Fake dye may smear after drying and form noticeable layers. Therefore, it is better to buy coloring products from trusted brands in specialized stores.

Mineral, acrylic, silicone and silicate water-based paints are known, differing from each other in the scope and unique composition.

Mineral paints remain the most affordable and low-cost type of paints. water-based coatings consisting of cement or slaked lime. They can be applied to different surfaces However, this type of paint is not characterized by durability.

most popular and universal option, which is in great demand, is an acrylic water-based paint suitable for wood, plaster, brick and concrete surfaces, as well as metal and glass.

The number of paints and varnishes supplied to the construction market today is so large that, without being a specialist in this field, it is very easy to get confused in this abundance. On the one hand, you can always turn to a specialist for help, on the other hand, it is possible to understand at least some of them.

Is the popular belief that water-dispersion and water-based paints are the same coloring composition with the same properties, and are these terms interchangeable?

It is often assumed that "waterborne" is just a more "fashionable" description of an outdated water-based paint name. However, it is not.

In essence, despite the same constituent - water, these paints and varnishes are different in composition, and, therefore, do not represent the same product with different names.

In order to better understand this issue, let us turn to the definition of the words "dispersion" and "emulsion".

An emulsion is a mixture that consists of water and fatty substances that do not dissolve in water. In order to facilitate the process of forming a mixture of this kind, water-insoluble substances, that is, the polymers that make up the paint, are pre-treated before emulsification. It consists in adding any organic solvents or alcohols/acids. That is, in fact, water-based paint is two immiscible liquids, or the so-called "phases", while one of them is "external", due to the fact that it contains the other, "internal", which is distributed in it in as microscopic droplets.

Thus, in order to bring the water-based paint to a more liquid consistency (which may be necessary when using a spray gun to apply it or if it thickens), you will need an organic solvent called white spirit (from the English "white alcohol"), also called Stoddard's solvent.

The dispersion is a mixture of solid particles in a liquid, in the case of a water-dispersion paint, in water, without the content of organic solvents. Therefore, water is required to bring this type of paint to the required consistency.

In addition, for a deeper understanding of the differences between these two types of paint, some attention should be paid to their technical characteristics.

The most important of them are the following:

The composition of the paint material.
The degree of viscosity.
The weight of the applied solution.
Paint consumption per square meter.
Features of use.

Water-based paints

This type of paint and varnish materials is in great demand and is commercially available in large quantities.

The composition of the paint includes water, pigments and polymers (fatty substances). In this, water-based paints are similar to water-dispersion ones, however, in the case of the former, part of the water is replaced by an organic solvent to simplify emulsification. Paints of this kind may also contain silicone, silicate, acrylic or mineral resins.
Viscosity (measured in Stokes, symbol- St) is determined by the amount of water component in the paint. This indicator is determined using a viscometer. As a rule, the average viscosity should be 45 St, but for applying paint using, for example, an airbrush, the viscosity should be approximately 20 to 25 St.
The weight of one liter of water-based paint is on average 1.4-1.5 kilograms.
Due to good hiding power, about 200-210 ml is consumed per square meter of surface, however, the type of surface to be painted, the viscosity index and other factors should be taken into account.
Temperature environment when working with paint, it should be at least +5°С, and the optimum starts from +°20С to +25°С, at a relative humidity of 50% -65%.

Depending on the additional component, water-based paints are divided into acrylic, mineral, silicate and silicone, and this is a decisive factor in the formation of their price and determining which type of surface is best suited for application to one or another “water-based emulsion”.

The most common option is water-based paint based on acrylic resins. It's defined broad scope applications (can be applied to brick, concrete, wood, plaster and even glass) and good paint fastness.

Most economical option- mineral water-based paint.

Its main components may be slaked lime or cement. This paint is also suitable for coating various materials, but the service life, unlike acrylic, will be less.

Least a budget option is a paint with silicone resins, which make it more resistant to moisture and mechanical influences and also adheres well to any surface.

Silicate water-based paints contain liquid glass which allows them to be used indoors high humidity.

Water-based paints can be purchased in different colors.

Table. The main indicators of coatings formed by water-based paints.

Index	Acrylic paints	Polyvinyl acetate paints	Styrene-butadiene paints	Styrene-butadiene primer
Hardness	0,25-0,40	0,2-0,3	0,20-0,25	0,35-0,50
Water absorption in 24 hours, %	0,5-1,0	1-3	1-3	0,5
Washability, g/m2, no more	1-3	3-7	2-5	0
indicative deadline coverage services,	8	5	3
Dried film hiding power, g/m2, no more	100	120	120	180
Frost resistance of paint, cycles, not less	5	5	5	5
Film appearance	After drying, the paint should form a film with a smooth, uniform matte surface.
pH paints	8,0-9,0	6,8-8,2	Not less than 8.0	Not less than 6.5
Drying time to degree, h, no more	1	1	1	1
Mass fraction of non-volatile substances, %	55-60	52-57	60-65	52-57
Nominal viscosity, not less with a nozzle diameter of 4 mm with a nozzle diameter of 6 mm	120	100	120	180
Film resistance to static water impact, h, not less than	12	24	24	4
Conditional light fastness %, no more	-	5	-	-
Grinding degree, microns, no more	60	60	60	30

Water-dispersion paint

Composition of this type paintwork also includes pigments, polymers and water, however, the solid constituents are suspended in water, and not a separate internal phase, as is the case with water-based paint.

Water-dispersion paints also differ depending on the components present in their composition. binders.

The least expensive water-dispersion paint is based on polyvinyl acetate, or, to put it more simply, PVA familiar to everyone. It does not have an outstanding ability to resist moisture, and is most often used when painting ceilings in rooms with moderate humidity. Another disadvantage of this subspecies of water-dispersion paint is poor resistance to pollution.

Latex paint creates a much more durable coating that is not at risk of soiling or damage from excess moisture in room.

And the third type of water-dispersion paint is acrylic. It has good protective properties, high resistance to external influences different kind and is suitable for application inside or outside buildings on walls made of concrete, brick or wood, as well as for painting ceiling surfaces.

With the exception of the composition (and the resulting features), other characteristics of water-based paint, such as weight, viscosity and consumption, are similar to water-based paint.

As a rule, water-dispersion paint contains a white pigment (zinc white or titanium dioxide), and the degree of its whiteness indicates the quality of the coloring component. If necessary, the desired color is obtained by tinting the paint with color. This procedure can be carried out both directly at the place of work and in the store (the second option is recommended).

Advantages of water-based paint.

The main component of the paint is water, it is the so-called external phase containing fatty substances and pigments.
The mechanism of action of paint after application to the surface is that the water that promotes the distribution of binders and pigments evaporates, and the above-mentioned substances form a coating of a durable "breathable" film that is resistant to abrasion.
Different types of binders determine different properties of the paint and its scope.
The paint is not resistant to moisture and the paint layer can be damaged by repeated wet wipes.
Due to the presence of water in the composition during freezing and subsequent thawing, the paint may lose some of its properties.
Sold in different color options.

Advantages of water-dispersion paint.

Water as the main component contains a suspension of pigments and binders in the form of dispersed tiny particles, without dilution with organic solvents, unlike water-based paint.
The mechanism of action of water-dispersion paint does not differ from water-based paint (in terms of interaction with the surface, these paints can be called identical).
Water-dispersion paint repels water well (especially some of its types), due to which it has not only high resistance to abrasion, but also to wet rubbing, which greatly expands its scope.
It can also deteriorate when frozen and then thawed.
Sold mostly white color, undesirable to purchase in a different color, since staining at the manufacturing plant may indicate the manufacturer's desire to hide the low quality of the white pigment. The paint can be tinted to the desired shade with the help of color, however, it should be borne in mind that the main color will be white, and proceed from this when planning the design.

Thus, it is obvious that the terms "water-dispersion" and "water-based" are not interchangeable. These paints differ both in composition and purpose, and also have some nuances. Also, among the two types of these paints and varnishes, there are obvious similarities that explain why one concept is often replaced by another.

related materials

What is paint made of?

Since ancient times, mankind has used paints, both for aesthetic pleasure and for practical needs. Moreover, in the second case there is also an element of aesthetics, since the painted surfaces of walls or objects looked very beautiful, you can’t even talk about practicality. Paints and other paints and varnishes were faithful companions of mankind. They kept pace with the times, becoming better in quality and more complex in structure.

Holi was celebrated in Moscow. This celebration came to us from India, where it has been celebrated since ancient times. In Indian culture, this is a pagan holiday, the exact version of the origin of which has not yet been established. The most ancient history Holi celebrations - the myth of how Kama was burned with a single glance of Shiva. Other versions tell of Krishna and his pastimes with his beloved.

Aesthetics, quality, durability of the painted coating depends on the choice of paint composition. The most widespread are two materials - water-based and acrylic, the difference between which for many remains not entirely clear. To decide which option to give preference to, you need to consider the features, advantages and disadvantages of each paint individually, and sum up.

It is a general concept paint and varnish products subdivided into various subspecies. Contains pigments, polymer special purpose substances, water. Some varieties contain acrylic and silicone resins. Obtaining the consistency necessary for painting the surface is carried out by means of solvents. The exact consumption of paint per square meter depends on the type of surface to be painted.

Advantages

Water-based paint is absolutely safe for humans, does not emit toxic fumes into the surrounding space, and also:

no smell after drying;
differs in affordable cost;
simple and easy to apply.

Coloring can be carried out with a roller or a ball-type brush. To obtain the desired shade, coloring pigments are added to the paint.
The paintwork material is ideal for interior finishing work at temperatures from 5 degrees above zero. It dries quickly and allows you to apply a new coat almost immediately after the first one.

Varieties

Water-based paint is produced the following types: mineral, silicate, silicone and acrylic. Each differs in composition and scope. The most expensive variety is silicone, which fits and holds perfectly.
The most affordable is water-based mineral paint, the main component of which is either cement or slaked lime. The advantage can be considered that it perfectly paints over any surface, but does not have a long service life due to its high susceptibility to negative factors from the outside. The specific properties of the paint and varnish coating largely depend on the composition and subspecies.
Acrylic, in fact, is a kind of water-based. Its cost is in the middle price range, and the scope is quite extensive. It is used for painting plastered, brick and wooden surfaces.

It is an improved version of water emulsion. The composition of the paintwork material includes the following components: distilled water, acrylic polymer emulsion, dye. Polyacrylics with copolymers contained in the paint form a special protective film on the painted surface.
The paint and varnish composition surpasses other types in quality and durability. The base after staining acquires an expressive and saturated color that does not fade under the influence of ultraviolet rays, is not washed off from high humidity. The water base ensures no odor after drying. To get a bright shade, the paint is applied in several layers.
Acrylic paints are suitable for artistic painting. They are used in decoration design elements and creation original interiors. The composition can be diluted with water. To get a paste, the paint is diluted with a special compound. Paintwork material is often used to write art paintings.

Advantages

At acrylic paint many advantages due to which it has become widespread when painting various surfaces:

the composition hardens in half an hour, and dries completely after a few days and much faster if the air temperature is high;
coating gives the surface a beautiful appearance, resistant to fading and washing off, which guarantees long term services;
Availability protective film, which provides not only durability, but also prevents rolling and cracking;
the versatility of the paint allows the use of compositions for coloring, painting, creating art canvases;
absence in the composition toxic substances makes the material absolutely environmentally friendly;
varied colors allows you to choose a color or shade absolutely for any interior;
the absence of combustible and flammable components makes the paint fireproof.

The simplicity and ease of applying acrylic paints allows even an inexperienced person to paint. There is no need to involve a specialist in such work.

What are the disadvantages of acrylic paint?

Of course, there are disadvantages to the paintwork, but they are rather insignificant if we draw a parallel with the advantages. The disadvantages include the following points:

Price. The composition has a fairly affordable price, but it is higher than for some other varieties. except for silicone. However, given that there is no need to apply many layers, the consumption is much more economical. This makes up for the price difference.
Low vapor permeability. This property doesn't always matter. concrete surfaces, which also have a low vapor permeability property, are almost universally used in ceilings.

Acrylic paints have no serious drawbacks. However, when choosing a paintwork material, one should take into account the purpose of the composition, as well as purchase products from trusted brands.

Varieties

Acrylic paints are universal because they are available in several versions, each of which has its own purpose:

Washable. Withstand from 1500 to 3000 cycles wet cleaning. Contains latex to resist moisture. Great for use in the kitchen, bathroom and kitchen.
Atmospheric. Designed specifically for outdoor painting works, are characterized by increased resistance to external negative weather phenomena, including precipitation, high and low temperatures.
Internal. Designed for interior decoration. Differ in high indicators of service life and resistance to attrition.
Front. Used for painting the facades of buildings. They are a great alternative to more expensive siding.

The choice of variety is directly dependent on which surfaces are planned to be painted. This ensures the durability and reliability of the painted surface.

The difference between water-based and acrylic paints

A water-based paint and varnish composition is used for painting both small and large areas. Almost all surfaces can be painted, but not metal. The mineral variety does not adhere well to previously painted substrates. Acrylic paints, being more advanced, are resistant to high temperature and humidity. The presence of acrylic resins in the composition prevents abrasion, cracking, and fading in the ultraviolet. Coating retains attractive appearance on the long time. Water-based paint is prohibited for use in rooms with high humidity, unsuitable for external painting work. Acrylic, on the contrary, can be painted surfaces both from the inside and outside, regardless of humidity and temperatures. The lack of resistance to moisture in water-based paint is the main difference between this composition and acrylic, which determines its wider distribution and use than the first.

Applying acrylic paint over water-based

It becomes possible only in cases where the surface does not have any visible damage, including peeling and swelling. When the base is completely intact, then staining is carried out without any problems. If water-based old paint peeled off, swollen, damaged, applied acrylic composition Not recommended. It is better to completely remove the old coating to ensure high-quality staining.

Sooner or later, each of us has to think about repairing our “personal habitat”, whether it is permanent or temporary. And already at the planning stage of repair and construction work, a lot of questions arise, and homegrown foremen do not have clear answers to some of them. One of the main problems is the choice of building materials. Today, the assortment of specialized stores is so rich that it is often necessary to consult a specialist in order to understand, for example, how water-based paint differs from water-based paint.

We knowingly cited paint as an example. paints and varnishes(hereinafter LKM) are one of the most important components of any repair. And the colors on water based- one of the most popular due to their relative cheapness and environmental advantages. Therefore, as you probably already guessed, the conversation in our article will focus on them. Let's say right away that these are very similar paintwork materials in composition and properties, but there are still some differences between them.

Water-based paint (VEM)

This type of coatings belongs to the old and well-known building and finishing materials. At one time, it was the main paint used in construction, both at the household level and at the industrial level.

Water-based paints have a number of advantages:

lack of smell;
fast drying (average 2-6 hours, complete drying up to 24 hours);
environmental Safety;
ease of use;
availability and cheapness.

Most of these advantages are to some extent inherent in VDK (water-dispersion paint).

The composition of VEM includes water, in which there is a suspension of polymer particles and a coloring pigment, plus all kinds of additives. There are types of paint with silicone or acrylic resin binders. We list the most common types of water-based paints:

acrylic;
silicate;
silicone;
mineral.

Cheapest and good famous paint- based on mineral additives (lime, cement). It is widely used in many painting work Oh. However, this type of paint has a major drawback - it is short-lived. Although, on the other hand, this minus is offset by its low price.

Today, a water-based emulsion with polyacrylate in the composition is considered to be the optimal universal paint coating. It is relatively inexpensive, fits almost all major surfaces and lasts quite a long time.

And, finally, a water emulsion, the main component of which, in addition to water, is silicone resin. It is of high quality and appearance. Suitable for all paint jobs and surfaces. The most resistant in comparison with "colleagues in the shop." It has one, but quite a significant drawback - this is the most expensive option among water-based paints.

Water dispersion paint (VDK)

As we mentioned at the beginning of the article, the difference between water-based paint and water-based paint is minimal. So now we will give General characteristics VDK, and only then we will move on to the differences between them.

AT recent times water-based paints are widely used. They became, as it were, a further development of VEM. The constituent element of the VDC is an aqueous dispersion associated with polyvinyl acetate, acrylic or latex components. Accordingly, there are 3 main types of this paint:

based on PVA;
latex;
acrylic water dispersion.

Polyvinyl acetate (PVA) paint is the cheapest and, of course, the most in demand against the background of the desire for universal savings. However, the low cost is not due to some kind of philanthropy on the part of manufacturers, but to quite tangible shortcomings. It should not be used in rooms with high humidity, it is very easily soiled. That is, the bathroom, the kitchen are immediately excluded from priority objects, and this significantly reduces the scope of its use in finishing works and household repairs.

Latex paint is much better, it is not afraid of moisture, it washes well and the problem of pollution does not scare it. However, the price is already higher.

Last on the list is acrylic water dispersion. As you probably already guessed, the best, high-quality, universal, etc. But you have to pay for all the good things. It is not surprising that this is the most expensive paint among the members of the water dispersion group.

We list the main advantages of coatings on a water-dispersion basis:

fast drying - from 30 minutes to 2 hours, depending on the composition of the WDR;
resistance to fading in the sun (ultraviolet);
excellent adhesion (adhesion) to almost any surface;
“breathes” well (vapor permeability);
high durability (up to 20 years, subject to strict adherence to the technological process).

But there are also spots in the sun. The most notable is high requirements for painting work. Only thorough observance of all conditions for coloring guarantees a quality result:

careful preparation of the painted surface;
strict observance of proportions when diluting the paint with a solvent;
applying the number of layers - exactly as much as indicated in the instructions;
does not like cold, during operation the temperature should not be lower than +5 0 C (this also applies to VEM).

Water dispersion is produced, as a rule, in white, but this can be easily corrected by adding the desired color pigment.

Comparison

Comparing everything that we have learned about these types of coatings, we can say that they are close relatives, but not twins. The differences are small, but there are. We write them down in a table for clarity.

Table

So, we hope that our article has given you a clear idea of what is the difference between water-based paint and water-dispersion paint. So, when you visit a building supermarket, you will not have to be embarrassed asking eternally busy consultants about the advantages and disadvantages of these coatings. Now you are quite savvy in this matter and you yourself can advise anyone.

Painting is one of universal ways protection of buildings, structures from atmospheric influences, such as the sun, wind, temperature changes, precipitation. The painted layer experiences enormous loads from the listed factors. To imagine the impact weather conditions, it is enough to recall the causes of the destruction of mountains and the formation of caves. This is also evidenced by the fact that the sun is the cause of the swaying of the Eiffel Tower...

The choice of paint is very milestone After all, many factors depend on its quality. It is also important to remember that no matter what paint you choose, you will not get 100% protection. And if the master says otherwise, then you'd better find another master. But still, the better the applied coating, the longer the painted item will last. It is best to buy paint in a specialized store. Despite the higher price, you will insure yourself against a fake.

So, you are going to paint the house. What paint to choose? If your house is not wooden, then the best option- water-dispersion paint. Its difference from traditional species lies in the fact that the composition of this finishing material includes two immiscible elements: a globule (the smallest colored particles) and an emulsifier (a liquid in which the globule is dissolved). That is, in essence, water-dispersion paint - the particles of which, after mixing, pass into a suspended state. Therefore, the paint must be shaken before use and stirred periodically during operation. The principle of operation is that when applied to the surface, the emulsifier enters into chemical reaction with air; as a result, the released water comes to the surface and evaporates; the formed transparent film of the emulsifier remains on the surface, in which colored particles are evenly located. Depending on the color of the particles, a painted surface of the corresponding color is obtained.

Water dispersion paint is of two types:

1) Polyvinyl acetate - the most in demand. In addition to the waterproof properties, this water-dispersion paint has fairly good adhesion to concrete and cement surfaces. You can also cover a tree with it, but it is undesirable (why - see below).

2) Acrylate water-dispersion - this paint is characterized by increased weather resistance. As a rule, it is used for buildings, as well as places with high humidity. Its use allows very high quality finishing of buildings. Not suitable for wooden surfaces.

Water dispersion, has the same purpose. It can cover concrete and cement surfaces. But it is better not to cover metal and wood with it. When painting wooden structures yellow spots may appear - precisely because of the very good adhesion to the tree. On metal, water-dispersion paint, the price of which is quite low, does not hold very well, peels off and crumbles in a short time.