Preparations containing copper for plants. Types of fungicides, a review of the most effective drugs and their description. The most effective drugs

To fight dangerous diseases and pests of plants in the garden, garden, indoor flowers often use fungicides. What are these substances? What is the reason for the high efficiency of the compositions?

What are fungicides

Substances of biological or chemical origin are used to prevent, eliminate and prevent fungal infections, to control pests for indoor flowers, horticultural crops. The preparations are effective for protecting seeds during dressing.

Translated from Latin, fungicide means "killing mushrooms." The timely use of antifungal compounds preserves the health of plants, increases productivity, and prevents the spread of fungal infections.

Properties and features

Proper application of fungicides for plants guarantees the protection of fruit, vegetable crops, indoor plants from pathogenic fungi. Consultants of the Home - Garden - Garden stores or specialized departments of building supermarkets will tell summer residents and amateur flower growers which tool will help in a particular case.

Fungicides differ in several parameters, have different strengths. When buying compounds, you need to consider many characteristics.

Origin:

• organic (antifungal action is based on the activity of certain bacteria);
• inorganic (preparations are made on the basis of various chemical compounds).

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Degree of decomposition:

• long remain in the soil (inorganic substances);
• harmless to environment, completely biodegradable (components of natural origin).

Impact force:

• herbal formulations are “softer”, the effect is weaker, but there are few side effects;
• chemicals act faster, more actively, but are often toxic, the use requires caution.

The nature of the distribution in plant tissues:

• contact. They act on the surface of leaves, stems, have a detrimental effect on fungi upon contact with the active substance;
• systemic. Substances through the vascular system of plants penetrate into the tissues of fruit and vegetable crops, some drugs act even in the seed coat.

According to the purpose of application:

• soil treatment;
• dressing of prepared seeds;
• spraying plants during the growing season;
• prevention of fungal infections when laying grain and vegetable crops for storage;
• fight against the fungus during the dormant period;
• universal compounds.

On a note! Biologics have become more popular last years. Summer residents and flower growers decided that it was not worth risking the health of plants: chemicals are more active, but worsen the condition of the soil. Toxic compounds often provoke poisoning of people if protective measures are not followed when using potent fungicides.

How to apply

Treatment is carried out with fungicides in the form of a powder (introduction into the soil, dressing seeds) and a solution (spraying plants). Certain types of preparations are recommended at different periods of the life of fruit and vegetable crops.

In the fight against fungal infections of vegetable and fruit crops, indoor flowers, it is important to remember the protective measures:

• put on old clothes that cover the whole body;
• put on a medical mask or respirator;
• protect your eyes with special transparent glasses;
• after treatment with any form of antifungal agents, wash your hands well with antibacterial soap;
• clothes can not be used for everyday wear: dry the washed things, iron them, put them in a separate box.

For indoor flowers

Application:

• for the prevention and treatment of fungal diseases, treatment is carried out with contact and systemic fungicides;
• at home, experts advise paying attention to biological products containing active bacteria;
• compositions in the form of an emulsion, powder, spray solution are suitable for use in city apartments;
• chemical fungicides are allowed to be applied before the start of the growing season after the end of the flowering and fruiting period. Biological products can be used at any time (some formulations are suitable for treating fruits at harvest).

For garden plants

Application:

• solution and powder are suitable for dressing seeds. The agent is added to the water during the soaking of the seeds;
• introduction into the soil during digging. Fungicide powder and antifungal solution (watering) will prevent the development of the fungus in the soil;
• spraying in early spring and towards the end of autumn. This method is suitable for antifungal treatment of vegetables and granaries.

How to breed

Prepare a solution or reduce the concentration of the emulsion according to the instructions for the selected fungicide. For each tool there are certain proportions.

General rules:

• prepare a container: a tank, a bucket;
• pour a third of the water;
• pour powder or add concentrated emulsion;
• to stir thoroughly;
• add the remaining water, mix well again;
• to fight the fungus, use only a freshly prepared solution: after a few hours, the drugs reduce their activity, especially biological agents.

Advice! Do not prepare a fungicidal agent in reserve. It is forbidden to leave the solution open for storage: this moment is critical if there are small children. Pets can also be poisoned if they drink part of the composition.

Overview of effective fungicides

When choosing antifungal formulations, it is important to take into account the area of ​​treatment, plant species, toxicity, the degree of damage to green mass and soil contamination. The list of preparations is compiled on the basis of feedback from agricultural specialists, gardeners - gardeners, summer residents and flower growers.

strobi

Characteristics of fungicide Strobi:

• fungicide a wide range actions;
• effective for fighting powdery mildew, basal stem cancer, rust, scab;
• active ingredient - xerozyme-methyl, concentration - 500 g / kg;
• release form - water-dispersible granules;
• the average price of a bottle (200 g) is 2850 rubles.

Topaz

Characteristics of Topaz fungicide:

• systemic remedy for protection different cultures from rust, powdery mildew, other fungal diseases;
• the composition is presented in the form of a concentrated emulsion;
• active ingredient - penconazole, concentration - 100 g per 1 liter;
• high efficiency in the prevention of powdery mildew infection, treatment immediately after the first signs of the disease appear;
• application interval - one to two weeks;
• with the active formation of the fungus, Topaz is combined with contact fungicides;
• the average price is 120 rubles per 10 ml.

Horus

Characteristic:

• fungicide for spraying fruit stone and pome crops;
• the drug is effective for combating alternariosis, moniliosis, scab, leaf curl, fruit rot;
• the active ingredient is cyprodinil (1 kg contains 750 g of the substance);
• the fungicide is available in the form of granules for the preparation of a solution;
• one of the advantages is resistance to washout, it keeps well on plants in cool, damp weather (even at temperatures not higher than +15 degrees);
• the last treatment is allowed 14–30 days before fruit collection (depending on the type of plant);
• the drug can be used in combination with fungicides "Topaz" and "Skor";
• the average cost is from 8900 to 11500 rubles.

Quadris

Characteristic:

• a new generation low-toxic agent is effective for eliminating many types of fungus on fruit, ornamental, vegetable and cereal crops;
• active therapeutic and prophylactic properties;
• prolonged action after treatment - up to two weeks;
• suspension concentrate contains azoxystrobin. For 1 liter of the drug there are 250 ml of the active ingredient;
• the fungicide Quadris is sprayed on the leaves in calm, dry weather. The drug is quickly absorbed, penetrates into all plant tissues;
• price - from 2770 to 3900 rubles / liter.

Falcon

Falcon fungicide characteristic:

• effective processing of beets, cereals, grapes;
• the combined preparation contains three active substances: tebuconazole, triadimenol, spiroxamine;
• emulsion concentrate with several active ingredients prevents resistance to the action of the drug;
• the number of treatments - one to four, depending on the culture;
• the average price is 2100 rubles per 1 liter.

Speed

Characteristics of the fungicide Skor:

• highly active broad-spectrum agent;
• active ingredient - difenoconazole, concentration - 100 g per / liter;
• emulsion concentrate successfully showed fungicidal properties on fruit trees, potatoes, tomatoes, currants, pumpkins, gooseberries;
• the product is compatible with most pesticides;
• the working solution cannot be prepared in advance: the activity of the composition will decrease;
• dosage depends on the type of plants;
• the drug is suitable for soaking indoor flower seeds;
• the effect after treatment occurs within 2 hours;
• estimated cost - from 9400 rubles / liter.

Maksim

Characteristic:

• a contact-type fungicidal agent actively fights fungi of the Ascomycetes class;
• active ingredient - fludioxonil at a concentration of 25 g per 1 liter;
• a new chemical class of phenylpyrolles, high efficiency against the background of many drugs;
• a unique fungicide similar in properties to natural antifungal compounds;
• fungicide Maxim is suitable for the treatment of garden and indoor flowers, including bulbs, potatoes, shoots, rhizomes and roots;
• one treatment is enough;
• estimated cost - 1700 rubles per 1 liter.

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Thanos

Characteristic:

• active ingredients: contact substance famoxadone plus local systemic substance cymoxanil. The concentration of each ingredient is 250 g per 1 kg;
• the drug is presented in the form of water-dispersible granules;
• composition for processing potatoes;
• the product adheres well to the surface, actively acts;
• allowed to use no more four times per season;
• average cost - 2400 rubles for 400 g.

Topaz

Characteristic:

• a systemic remedy that protects stone fruits, pome fruits, ornamental, berry, vegetable crops, vines from fungus;
• active substance - penconazole (per 1 liter - 100 ml of the active ingredient);
• release form - emulsion concentrate;
• average degree of toxicity;
• processing frequency - 1 time in 10 days;
• the average price is 100 rubles per 10 ml.

Switch

Characteristic:

• the combined agent contains two active ingredients: Cyprodinil and Fludioxonil, exhibits contact and systemic action;
• actively fights against gray rot on grapes;
• hazard class for humans and bees - the third;
• action: treating fungicide, protective pesticide;
• water-dispersible granules are used to prepare the working solution;
• Switch is effective for the protection and treatment of grapes;
• improves the safety of the vine, prevents rotting of berries during transportation;
• good resistance to washout;
• wide operating temperature range;
• the average price is 11,000 rubles per liter.

cabrio

Characteristic:

• a modern contact fungicide successfully fights the fungus even with a high infectious load;
• granules are used to prepare an active solution;
• the antifungal formulation also exhibits activity as a pesticide;
• the combination of Metiram and Piraclostrobin has a complex effect on pathogens of fungal infections, reduces the risk of resistance;
• long-acting fungicide: long intervals between treatments;
• easy to dissolve by spraying minimal amount"dust";
• the average price of the Cabrio TOP drug is 2600 rubles / liter.

Summer residents, gardeners, gardeners, amateur flower growers believe that it is difficult to grow healthy plants without fungicides. Experienced owners recommend drugs of medium and low toxicity class of the latest generations. With active reproduction of the fungus, it is desirable to combine systemic and contact agents.

Each composition from the list of fungicides is good in its own way. When buying, it is important to take into account the type of plants, the degree of infection, the number of treatments to get the result.

Read more about the properties and application of fungicides in the following video:

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List of fungicides

Abiga Peak, Sun

The drug is not phytotoxic when used in strict accordance with the developed recommendations.

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Acrobat MC

Fungicide of systemic-local and contact action (dimethomorph 90 g/kg + mancozeb 600 g/kg). Systemic-contact (local-systemic dimethomorph and contact mancozeb) fungicide used to combat late blight and alternariosis of potatoes, peronosporiosis of cucumbers, mildew of grapes and a number of other diseases.

Hazard class: 2 (hazardous substance).

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Alirin - B, TAB

Biological fungicide for the suppression of fungal diseases in the soil and on plants (soil microflora - Bacillus subtilis VIZR-10, titer 109 CFU/g), similar in composition and action to phytosporin. Recommended: as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent, effectively suppresses pathogens of fungal diseases on all types of horticultural crops and indoor plants.

Hazard class: 4 (low hazardous substance). Safe for humans, animals, fish, bees, beneficial entomofauna and the environment

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A complex preparation with the advantages of a contact biological fungicide and stimulant (Bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas aureofaciens, coniferous extract and a set of macro and micronutrients). Albit is a complex drug with the advantages of analogues (Agat-25k, pseudobacterin, phytosporin, planriz, silk, crystallon, humates).

Hazard class: 4 (low hazardous substance).

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Byleton

A systemic fungicide used to protect plants from a wide range of diseases (triadimefon, 250 g/kg). It is used, in particular, to control powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis), fusariums (Fusarium spp.), rust fungi (Puccinia spp.), rhynchosporium (Rhynchosporium secalis), septoria (Septoria pp.), pyrenophorosis (Pyrenophora spp.), red-brown spotting (Helminthosporium avenae), net spotting (Drechslera teres), cercosporellosis (Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides).

Hazard class 3 (moderately hazardous substance).

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Bordeaux mixture

Broad-spectrum contact fungicide (copper sulfate 960 g/kg + calcium hydroxide 900 g/kg. Designed to protect fruit, vegetables, berries, gourds, citrus, ornamental, flower and other crops from a complex of diseases.

Hazard class: 2 (hazardous substance). The drug is not dangerous for bees. It is necessary to carry out the processing of plants in compliance with environmental regulations.

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Vitaros, VSK

Fungicide of contact-systemic action, for dressing planting material (98g/l tiram + 198g/l carboxin). An effective treatment for bulbs, corms and rhizomes of flower crops before planting and storage. It suppresses the development of pathogens located both on the surface of the planting material and inside it.

Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance).

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Hamair, P, Tab.

Biological bactericide for the suppression of bacterial and some fungal diseases in the soil and on plants (Bacillus subtilis M-22 VIZR, titer 109 CFU/g), similar in composition and action to phytosporin. Recommended: as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent, effectively suppresses pathogens of bacterial diseases on all types of horticultural crops and indoor plants.

Hazard class - 4 (low-hazardous substance). Safe for humans, animals, fish, bees, useful entomofauna and the environment. Does not accumulate in plants and soil, which contributes to the production of environmentally friendly products

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Gliocladin, Tab

Trichodermin analogue.

Biological fungicide for the suppression of pathogens of fungal diseases in the soil (fungal culture Trichoderma harziannum VIZR-18).

Hazard class - 4 (low-hazardous substance). Safe for humans, animals, fish, bees, useful entomofauna and the environment.

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Ditan M-45

Fungicide of contact action, to combat late blight and alternariosis and other fungal diseases (mancozeb 800 g / kg.). Ditan M-45 analogue of Profit. Protective-contact preparation for protecting plants from late blight and a number of other diseases.

Hazard class: 2 (hazardous substance). The drug is not phytotoxic, compatible with most other drugs. Not dangerous for bees, earthworms and soil microorganisms.

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A fungicide from the class of strobilurins with mesostemic activity (trifloxystrobin 500 g/kg).

It is used mainly on pome crops, for example, apples and pears, against scab, alternariosis, black (sooty) spot, powdery mildew, moniliosis, phyllosticosis and to prevent diseases during storage of fruits.

Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance).

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Green soap

Prophylactic against pests and diseases. It is also used as a component of self-prepared plant protection products. Ingredients: water, potassium salts of fatty acids, natural fats and vegetable oils.

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Fungicide of contact and locally systemic action (copper oxychloride, 89.5 g/kg, cymoxanil, 42 g/kg.). Analogue of the drug Ordan. It is mainly used to protect against late blight on potatoes and downy mildew on cucumbers. The drug has preventive, curative and pathogen spore-suppressing properties.

Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance). The drug is medium resistant in soil (3rd class), practically non-toxic for soil organisms and birds. The drug is moderately dangerous for bees (2nd class).

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Fungicide of contact and systemic action (cymoxanil, 45 g/kg, mancozeb, 680 g/kg.). It is used to combat late blight and alternariosis and other fungal diseases: alternariosis, macrosporiosis, dry spot, septoria, rhizoctoniosis, black spot, pernosporosis, mildew.

For humans, the hazard class of the drug is 2 (dangerous substance). Not dangerous for bees. (Grade 3).

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Contact fungicide (fludioxonil, 25 g/l.). It is used for dressing flower bulbs, other planting material (corms, seed potatoes) from rot before planting and during storage.

Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance). Not hot. Not phytotoxic. Toxic to fish, do not allow to enter the aquatic environment.

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blue vitriol

Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance).

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Broad-spectrum systemic contact fungicide (copper oxychloride 670 g/kg + oxadixyl 130 g/kg). Oxychom is used to combat diseases caused by fungi of the oomycete subclass. It is well suited for protecting potatoes and tomatoes from late blight and macrosporiosis, cucumbers from perepporosis (downy mildew).

Hazard class: 1. Hazardous substance.

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Fungicide of contact-systemic action, to combat late blight and Alternaria and other fungal diseases (copper oxychloride, 689 g / kg + cymoxanil, 42 g / kg.). Two-component fungicide of local-systemic action to protect potatoes, cucumbers and tomatoes in open and protected ground, grapes and a number of other plants from a complex of diseases.

Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance).

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Previkur, VK

A fungicide with systemic properties that has both protective and growth-promoting properties (propamocarb hydrochloride, 607 g / l.). It has a wide spectrum of activity against pathogens of root rot and peronosporosis (Pythium, Phytophthora, Aphanomyces, Bremia, Peronospora, Pseudopeonospora spp). It has a stimulating effect, increases the resistance of the plant to infection, stimulates the rooting of cuttings, growth and flowering of plants.

Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance), has a slight irritating effect on the skin and mucous membranes of the eyes.

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Profit, joint venture

Fungicide to combat late blight and Alternaria and other fungal diseases (Mancozeb, 800g/kg). The preparation is enriched with manganese and zinc.

Hazard class: for humans - 2 (hazardous substance). The drug is not phytotoxic, compatible with most other drugs. Not dangerous for bees, earthworms and soil microorganisms.

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Profit Gold, VDG

Fungicide of contact-systemic action, to combat late blight and Alternaria and other fungal diseases (cymoxanil 250 g/kg + famoxadone 250 g/kg). Cymoxanil is quickly absorbed by the leaves and penetrates the plant, famoxadone remains on the surface of the leaves for a long time. Designed for use in private farms.

Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance).

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Systemic fungicide with long-term preventive and protective action (difenoconazole, 250 g/l.). It is used to protect fruit crops from powdery mildew, scab, leaf curl, coccomycosis, clasterosporiasis. It can be used to combat late blight and early blight on potatoes and tomatoes. It is also used in the fight against powdery mildew. Analogue of the drug "Skor".

Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance). The product is non-toxic to birds and bees. The drug is toxic to fish.

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Ridomil gold, VDG, joint venture

Fungicide of contact-systemic action, to combat late blight and Alternaria and other fungal diseases (mefenoxam, 40 g / kg + mancozeba, 640 g / kg). Mefenoxam provides internal protection: systemic and translaminar action - protection of treated and untreated parts of plants, new growth and tubers, a high level of effectiveness against fungi from the class of oomycetes (causative agents of downy mildew), rapid decomposition in the soil. Mancozeb provides external protection and is an effective contact fungicide and a key link in the anti-resistance strategy.

Hazard class: 2 (hazardous substance). When using the drug in strict accordance with the recommendations developed by the company, there is no risk of phytotoxicity. The drug is slightly toxic to birds and bees, but toxic to fish.

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Rovral, SP

Fungicide of contact action against a complex of diseases (iprodion, 500 g/kg). Rovral is effective against a wide range of pathogens: Alternaria, Botrytis, Oxysporum, Fusarium, Helminthosporium, Monilia, Phoma, Pleiochaeta, Rhizoctonia, Sclerotinia, Sclerotium, Septoria, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Typhula. When the soil is spilled, it has a systemic effect.

Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous compound). Prohibited for use in the sanitary zone of fishery reservoirs. Practically not dangerous for bees - hazard class 4.

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Systemic fungicide with a long-term preventive and pronounced therapeutic effect, to combat scab, powdery mildew, leaf curl, late blight and Alternaria and other fungal diseases (difenoconazole 250 g / l.). A drug with a long-term preventive and pronounced therapeutic effect. An analogue of the drug "Rayok".

Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance).

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Tattu, CS

Fungicide of contact-systemic action (mancozeb, 301.6 g/l, propamocarb hydrochloride, 248 g/l). plant resistance. Propamocarb hydrochloride disrupts the biosynthesis of membrane structures and slows down the germination of spores and the development of mycelium.

Hazard class: 2 (dangerous compound), has a slight irritating effect on the skin and mucous membranes of the eyes.

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Teldor VG

Fungicide of local-systemic action (fenhexamid, 500 g/kg). Preparation for combating Gray rot (Botrytis cinerea), Moliniliosis (Monilinia fructigena, Monilinia laxa), White rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) on fruit and berry crops and grapes. It is applied from the earliest terms and up to harvesting. The drug also increases the safety of fruits during transportation and storage.

Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance).

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Systemic fungicide with growth-stimulating activity (propiconazole, 250 g/l.). The drug Tilt through the leaves and stems, due to systemic action, enters the plants. The drug has not only a long protective and curative effect, but also stops the further development of the pathogen and suppresses sporulation in it. In addition, the drug has growth-regulating activity. Attention! No more than one treatment with Tilt should be carried out per growing season.

Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous compound). The drug is non-toxic to birds, slightly toxic to bees, toxic to fish.

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Thiovit jet, VDG

Contact fungicide and acaricide (sulfur, 800 g/kg). Preparation for the protection of vegetable, fruit, flower crops and vineyards from powdery mildew, some other diseases and mites.

Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance).

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Topaz, KE

Systemic fungicide to control powdery mildew, rust and other fungal diseases (Penconazole, 100 g/L). The best results are obtained by prophylactic application at the beginning of the growing season to suppress the primary infection of the powdery mildew pathogen, as well as to prevent the spread of the disease or at the first signs of the onset of the disease.

Hazard class: 3 (moderately hazardous substance).

The drug is moderately dangerous for humans and animals (hazard class 3), non-toxic for birds and beneficial insects, dangerous for fish. Not phytotoxic.

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Topsin-M SP

Systemic fungicide of preventive and therapeutic action (methyl thiophanate, 700 g/kg). The drug belongs to substances similar to benzimidazoles (benomyl), penetrates into plants, is absorbed by the root system, and transforms into carbendazim. It is most effective in preventive treatment, before the development of the pathogen. has a negative effect on soil nematodes, for a number of aphid species. The drug is not effective against downy mildew.

Human hazard class - 2 (hazardous substance). Does not irritate the skin and mucous membranes. Not dangerous for birds, bees, hazard class 3. Toxic to fish. Toxic to lacewing eggs.

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Trichodermin

Biological fungicide for the treatment and prevention of root infections of indoor flowers and ornamental plants. Soil conditioner. Germinating in moist soil from spores, the mycelium of the fungus suppresses about 60 types of soil pathogens that infect the soil and cause root rot.

Hazard class - 4. Safe for humans, animals, fish, bees, useful entomofauna and the environment. It has no phytotoxic effect on protected plants. Does not accumulate in plants and soil, which contributes to the production of environmentally friendly products

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Fitolavin, VRK

Systemic biological bactericide (phytobacteriomycin). It is used in the prevention of root rot, vascular bacteriosis, black leg diseases, bacterial burn, angular leaf spot, bacterial tuber rot, vascular bacteriosis on cucumber, bacterial vertex rot, alternariosis on tomatoes, moniliosis, scab, fusarium, anthracnose.

Hazard class: - 3 (moderately dangerous compound). Has an irritating effect.

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Fitosporin-M

Contact action biological fungicide (Bacillus subtilis 26 D, 100 million cells/g). Fitosporin-M is a microbiological preparation designed to protect garden, garden, indoor and greenhouse plants from a complex of fungal and bacterial diseases. It is available as a paste, as a liquid in bottles, and as a powder. It is used mainly for preventive purposes (treatment of seeds, tubers and bulbs before planting, periodic spraying or watering of plants in order to prevent diseases in the collection). Low toxicity, not dangerous for the plants and bees themselves.

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Fundazim SP

Broad-spectrum systemic fungicide (benomyl, 500 g/kg.). An analogue of the drug "Fundazol". For the entire season, no more than 2 treatments are allowed by spraying and watering, since after that the pathogens develop resistance! To overcome resistance, it is necessary not to use drugs from the benzimidazole class for 1–2 seasons.

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Fundazol

Fungicide and protectant with a wide range of systemic action against a large number of fungal diseases of seeds and leaves of plants. Fundazol has both protective (preventive) and therapeutic properties. For the entire season, no more than 2 treatments are allowed by spraying and watering, since after that the pathogens develop resistance! To overcome resistance, it is necessary not to use drugs from the benzimidazole class for 1–2 seasons.

Hazard class: Benomyl (benorad, fundazol, fundazim) has a hazard class 2 (dangerous compound) for humans, for fish. The preparation has low toxicity for soil organisms and birds.

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Fungicide of systemic-local and contact action (copper oxychloride, 900 g/kg). A preparation for combating plant diseases: apple and pear scab, potato and tomato late blight, plum fruit rot, peach leaf curl, grape mildew, onion and cucumber downy mildew, rust and spotting of ornamental and flower crops and pathogens of fungal diseases.

Hom has a hazard class 3 (moderately hazardous substance).

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Potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate)

Potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) is used for dressing seeds, bulbs, corms, rhizomes of flower plants at a concentration of 0.1-0.15% for two hours. It can be used for health-improving watering of seedlings, seedlings and adult plants under the root in the fight against blackleg, fusarium, bacteriosis. It is used for disinfection of stock and tools.

Soda ash (linen) is used to combat powdery mildew. For spraying prepare a 0.3-0.5% solution. For better adhesion, soap is added to the soda solution.

alto, impact, vectra - have a systemic, penetrating and contact action, acting against powdery mildew and rust fungi.

Features and Benefits:

Low consumption rates, long-term protective, fighter and healing effect, prolonged action.

Terms of application:

Spray when the first external signs of powdery mildew or rust appear. The maximum frequency of plant treatments is 4 times. The frequency between treatments is 12-14 days.

Growing plants in home gardens near private houses, summer cottages or country mansions is a favorite pastime of many summer residents and gardeners. But on different stages such work, one has to look for effective methods to combat an impressive number of dangerous diseases and pests, which, like an invisible attack, attack all horticultural crops and turn them into garbage. To avoid this kind of event, many summer residents choose special fungicidal preparations that quickly and effectively eliminate the problem by performing a complex treatment of flowers, vegetables and other plants from the development of dangerous diseases.

What is the high benefit of systemic fungicides, why do such preparations have excellent antifungal and anti-stress properties, and which products deserve to be in your garden because of their performance and reliability?

It is important to understand that there are organic and inorganic preparations. In any case, both the first and second types can be the only solution to combat various fungal pests. Currently, the list of systemic fungicides is overflowing with a host of different proposals. The list of available products is very extensive and is constantly expanding, so choose the right tool for your personal plot anyone can.

Biological fungicides for plants are special substances of biological origin that serve effective tool for the prevention, prevention and control of fungal infections, insects and other pests that can harm indoor flowers or horticultural crops. Most preparations are indispensable for ensuring reliable protection of seeds during the treatment period.

If the term is translated from Latin, then it will mean "killing mushrooms." The timely use of fungicides for indoor plants or horticultural and horticultural crops will help maintain plant health, improve yields, and prevent the development of dangerous fungal infections. For this reason, every self-respecting summer resident must respond responsibly to the need to purchase such drugs for his site.

Characteristics and basic properties

At correct operation fungicides for plants, the protection of fruit and vegetable crops, as well as indoor plants, will be maximum. Such funds effectively fight pathogenic fungi and prevent their further development. If you don't know how to do right choice, you can’t figure out the names and models, trust professional employees from hypermarkets for the home, garden and vegetable garden, or study the mass of available articles on the portals of the country economy. Such tips will help you make the right choice, which is perfect for specific circumstances and situations.

Fungicidal substances may differ depending on some parameters that determine the strength of the effect. To make the right decision when choosing a suitable drug, you should take into account such features.

By origin, fungicides are divided into:

• organic (biofungicides that consist of certain bacteria);
• inorganic (drugs created using complex chemical reactions and connections).

According to the degree of decomposition, they distinguish:

1. inorganic fungicidal preparations that persist in the soil for a long time and have big influence for pests;
2. models of biological origin, which are environmentally safe and harmless to the environment and soil;

By the strength of the impact:

• herbal formulations. They are considered “softer” and safer, but their effectiveness is not high enough;
• formulations based chemical substances, which work much faster, but very often contain toxic components and can harm the human body;

Other features

Also, fungicides can be divided into different groups according to the nature of distribution in plant tissues:

According to the purpose of operation:

• for soil treatment;
• for dressing previously prepared seeds;
• for spraying during the growing season;
• for effective fungal prevention;
• as a universal composition (sometimes it is used in the processing of cultivated coniferous plants);

It is important to note that in recent times there is an incredible increase in the popularity of biofungicides, which have a more gentle effect and good performance. Many summer residents and flower growers refuse to use chemicals, fearing that they can harm plants and soil quality. Very often, such drugs cause various diseases in people, including a complex degree of poisoning, if the basic rules of care were not followed during processing. In turn, biological fungicides for plants are especially effective in protecting indoor flowers and crops that are eaten.

Application features

Fungicides are presented in the form of special powders that are applied to the soil or carry out seed dressing, as well as in the form of solutions intended for spraying plants. Some types of drugs will be effective at different stages of life and development of fruit and vegetable crops. If we are talking about the fight against fungal infections of different cultures, then it is necessary to follow the basic safety rules, protecting yourself from the negative effects of active substances:

Failure to comply with any rules can lead to various negative consequences, cause an allergic reaction or poisoning. It is better not to risk your health and pay attention to the mandatory preparation for the upcoming procedure.

Use of preparations for indoor flowers and horticultural crops

For effective prevention of fungal diseases, contact and systemic fungicides are used. At home, experts recommend using biological preparations that contain active bacteria. When operating in city apartments, compositions in the form of emulsions, solutions and powders can be used. As for chemical fungicides, they can be applied before the start of the growing season or after flowering and fruit harvest. Biologicals are suitable for use at any time of the year, and some products can also be used when harvesting fruits.

Indoor flowers need intensive protection from the most various pests and diseases, so their use should be mandatory. Otherwise, the intensity of the development of dangerous diseases will be very high.

As for the use of a fungicidal-based solution and powder for the garden, such preparations will be effective when soaking the seeds. They can also be added to the soil during loosening and digging. This will prevent the development of the fungus in the soil and protect it from the development of dangerous pests. Spraying is carried out in early spring and by the end of autumn, which is effective method for antifungal treatment of crops, especially such as peppers, cucumbers, tomatoes, potatoes, etc.

In order for the use of the drug to be as effective as possible, it is necessary to properly dilute it in accordance with a certain proportion and general rules. So, the cultivation of the fungicide is as follows:

Experts do not recommend preparing too large volumes of fungicides. Also, do not leave the solution open during storage. This can lead to disastrous consequences, including poisoning people or pets who may accidentally drink some of the composition.

Features of choosing an effective drug

When it comes to choosing a fungicide, you need to know a number of subtleties and features that will greatly simplify the upcoming purchase. In the process, it is necessary to take into account the area to be treated, the types of plants being treated, the degree of toxicity and the extent of the lesion. You should also take into account the advice of professional agricultural technicians, gardeners, gardeners and connoisseurs of various flower plants. Do not forget that in nature there are a lot of pathogenic fungi that can be resistant to any chemical compounds therefore, from time to time, the drugs used need to be changed by others in order to increase their effectiveness.

Among the most popular fungicides that have proven themselves in the fight against various diseases and fungi, the following can be distinguished:

Before you buy one of the products you are interested in, carefully study the instructions and treat the selection of the appropriate proportion with all responsibility. This will avoid negative consequences in the future and really effective prevention or treatment of plants in your backyard.

Most gardeners throughout their practice have repeatedly encountered fungicides, and in this article we will reveal the focus of these funds, as well as their various classifications in more detail. The term fungicide consists of two Latin words, one of which is translated as a mushroom, and the second is a verb in the present tense "I kill." From this it is easy to conclude that horticultural fungicides are used to combat (or prevent) all kinds of fungal diseases. There are a great many different fungicides designed for soil, seeds, plants themselves, and so on. Today we will talk about how to choose and apply fungicides for plants correctly.

On the this moment available a large number of classifications of fungicides based on the active substance, chemical properties and the nature of their action. Of course, within the framework of one article, we will not be able to outline the entire range of drugs and their features, so we will focus on the main and most significant points.

Active substance

Depending on the dominant active substance, modern fungicides are divided into several main groups.

Copper preparations

Fungicides containing copper in their composition include such famous and commonly available products as Bordeaux mixture and copper sulfate. This group also includes Kurzat, Oxyhom and Ordan. Such products have a universal status and can be used both for soil cultivation and for processing plants, whether it is a greenhouse, pot or open ground. Most copper preparations are fungicides of contact action.

Sulfur preparations

Sulfur-containing fungicides have proven effective on tree bark and berry bushes. However, in reality, the scope of such funds is much wider - they can be used to successfully fumigate storage areas for fruits and planting material, thereby preventing the growth of fungi that claim to be on cellar walls.

Sulfur preparations include:

• cumulus;
• thiovit jet;
• sulfur garden.

Strobilurins

These fungicides are a relatively recent invention based on naturally occurring toxins derived from a microorganism called Strobilurus tenacellus. Strobilurins are "practiced" mainly on pome crops, such as apple or pear. They also process fruits during long-term storage.

The group of strobilurins includes:

• Acrobat MC;
• Tattu;
• Profile Gold;
• Amistar.

Carboxins

This group includes fungicides that have in their composition the active compound carboxin, which disrupts the vital processes of fungi and leads to their rapid death. Carboxins are used to treat mainly mature plants. The specificity of the action of carboxins does not allow their use on young plants, since they can inhibit their development.

Carboxins include such well-known drugs as:

• Vitaros;
• Previkur.

Benzimidazoles

Fungicides of the benzimidazole group were among the first to be used as truly universal means, effectively working with different groups of plants and fungi. Benzimidazoles affect fungi on cellular level, disrupting metabolic processes in the cell and thereby quickly stopping the further spread of the fungus. These drugs are used in three main areas:

• dressing seeds before planting;
• fruit processing before storage;
• protection of fruit bushes.

There are three main types of benzimidazoles on the market:

• Benorade;
• Fundazim.

Mode of action

Fungicides can be divided into three broad groups according to their mode of action:

• contact;
• systemic;
• combined.

Contact

Contact fungicides have a superficial effect without being absorbed into the vascular system of plants. Such funds must be renewed after each rainfall, since as they are washed away, there is no trace of the former effect. This, however, does not lead to the conclusion that they are useless. One of the main strengths of contact fungicides is the inability of fungi to develop resistance to them.

The group of contact fungicides includes such agents as:

• Bordeaux liquid;
• polycarbocin;
• sulfur garden;
• copper oxychloride.

When working with such drugs, it is important to consider the following features:

• in one season, three to six treatments are required using contact preparations, which leads to their rapid consumption;
• since the products are not able to move through the plant on their own, it is important to manually apply them so that there are no untreated and vulnerable places for fungi on the plant;
• both the upper and lower surfaces of the leaf are sprayed. Most fungi begin to multiply precisely from below, which makes them invisible to the gardener's eyes at first, and therefore more dangerous;
• contact fungicides are not able to cure an already diseased plant - they are used exclusively for preventive purposes to prevent the disease.

Systemic

Systemic fungicides have a complex effect on the plant, as they penetrate into its shoots and spread throughout the “body” with the help of the already mentioned vascular system. Unlike contact agents, systemic agents can play the role of medicines, preventing an already developing fungus. However, their sphere of influence is also not unlimited - a successful result can only be expected if the systemic remedy was used in the early stages of the development of the fungus.

The group of systemic fungicides includes a large number of fungicides, some of which we have already considered:

• Triazoles;
• Strobirulins;
• Benzimidazoles;
• Phenylamides;
• Pyrimidinylcarbinols;
• Phosphonates and so on.

When working with systemic fungicides, it is important to consider a number of their nuances:

• systemic remedies retain their effectiveness for 15-20 days - more frequent treatments will not lead to an improvement in the result, but can harm the plant;
• fungi quickly develop "immunity" to systemic fungicides, which leads the grower to apply all new products. To extend the validity of the same remedy, you need to use it in moderation - twice per season on a particular crop;
• when using systemic tools, you can alternate them - this will allow you to "outwit" the fungus. However, it is imperative to use a fungicide from another group, otherwise the fungus will retain its resistance.

Systemic and contact fungicides are not mutually exclusive - they can be combined with each other during the processing of plants. Moreover, many experts advise to do just that and use contact fungicides for prevention, and systemic ones for targeted control of the identified fungus.

Video - Using the systemic fungicide "Skor"

Combined

There are also drugs that inherit the properties of both groups. Such universality may seem strange - how can two drugs with a reciprocal mode of action lead to the creation of a successful "hybrid"? However, a group of fungicides that combine strengths contact and system means, is quite large and includes the following items:

• Sandofan M8;
• Kurzat R. Odram;
• Polyram DF;
• Aviksil;
• Ridomil Gold MC;
• Arcerid.

From contact agents, such fungicides borrow the point method of application and the frequency of treatment, and from systemic agents, the ability to move through the plant with the help of its vessels.

Compound

According to their composition, fungicides are divided into two large groups:

• chemical;
• biological.

If we briefly outline the difference between both types of these funds, then it lies in the degree of toxicity. Chemical fungicides are more harm and danger to humans (which is offset by their quick action for fungus). Biological effects on fungal diseases are more mild, but their action is distinguished by its short duration.

We describe in more detail about these two types of drugs and fungicides related to each type below.

Popular fungicides

Table 1. Fungicides for plants

Name	Features of use
	The drug has broad scope application and can be successfully combined with other fungicides. In addition to protecting against fungal diseases, it helps to increase the yield. Used for plants both in greenhouses and in open field. Quadris is toxic to some apple varieties.
	A drug that combines the functions of systemic and contact fungicides. Not recommended for mixing with other drugs. Effectively fights late blight, macrosporiosis, and downy mildew. Used on potatoes, tomatoes and cucumbers
	Universal drug. Retains its qualities for two hours after preparation. When released into the soil, it quickly decomposes without causing soil contamination.
	A systemic drug that helps plants fight the fungus in the initial stages of the development of the disease. Complimentary with all major fertilizers and growth stimulants (with the exception of products with an alkaline reaction). Used for processing plants and planting material
	Universal preparation suitable for processing garden trees, as well as vegetable, fruit and ornamental crops. Hom treatment is not carried out during flowering, as well as at high air temperatures (above 30 degrees). When working with a fungicide, it is strictly forbidden to allow it to enter water bodies due to its high toxicity.
	The preparation of contact action, suitable for almost all plants. The action of vitriol persists for the next one and a half weeks, after which the tool needs to be updated. Activated two hours after application to the plant. Not used during flowering
	A drug used to prevent both fungal and bacterial diseases in the soil or in the plants themselves. Equally effective in working with home and garden plants. Hamair treatment should be carried out no more than once a week. Compatible with other fungicides, insecticides and growth promoters

Rules for the use of fungicides

When working with fungicides, it is important to know them. important features. An inexperienced gardener, when using these tools, risks harming himself and the plant in the absence of the necessary knowledge. In this regard, the use of each fungicide should begin with reading the instructions.

If we talk about general rules use of these drugs, they are as follows:

• treatment of plants with fungicides should be carried out only in special clothing that protects the skin from possible contact with the substance. The grower will also need gloves and (preferably) goggles to minimize the chance of burns. After processing the plants, the "uniform" used is erased;

  

• the solution is prepared immediately before its use;
• most right time for processing plants - early morning or evening. Spraying under direct sunbeams undesirable. It is also undesirable to have precipitation, which, when using contact fungicides, will reduce their effectiveness to zero;
• when using a spray gun, it is necessary to set it to a fine spray. The jet itself must go from below or from above;
• when processing plants whose green mass subsequently goes into cooking, the use of chemical fungicides is strictly prohibited. Such preparations contain components that are toxic to both animals and humans;

  

• fungicide treatment fruit plants carried out before or after flowering. At the time of laying the fruit, spraying stops;
• it is important to choose airtight containers for storing fungicides, since poorly sealed powders will gradually poison the room in which they are located.

Application of fungicides

There are three main methods that gardeners use when treating plants or planting material with fungicides:

• pickling. This method treatment applies only to planting material - seeds or corms. In most cases, the treatment involves diluting the powder in a certain amount of liquid (according to the instructions) and dipping the seeds in it for a fixed time;

  

• spraying. All contact fungicides are applied by spraying. The method of their preparation is simple - the powder is dissolved in water, poured into a spray bottle and applied to certain areas of the plant. Such processing is carried out quite often - at least twice per season: in the first days of spring and at the end of flowering in late autumn. In addition to plants, spraying is also used in cellars or other storage facilities;
• introduction into the ground. Fungicides can enter the soil both in dry and pre-dissolved form. It is advisable to bring dry powder into the ground when it is digging (in autumn or spring). The cultivation of the land with a solution does not imply attachment to the season, since it implies ordinary watering.

  

Working with plants

It is easy to assume that the use of fungicides depends not only on their specificity, but also on the specificity of the plants themselves. For example, processing fruit trees and tomatoes suggests its own characteristics that must be taken into account in order to get a positive result. In this chapter, we will talk about exactly how to apply fungicides to various horticultural and horticultural crops.

strawberries

The risk of developing fungal diseases in strawberry bushes is quite high. Often the fate of these plants is already a foregone conclusion, since it is very easy to acquire obviously infected seedlings for sale. Such practices of the spread of infected plants lead to the fact that strawberries began to be periodically subjected to such ailments as:

• rot;
• spotting;
• bacteriosis;
• powdery mildew.

It is advisable to treat strawberries from the beginning of the growing season until its very end:

• the first treatment is carried out already when the plant has green leaves;
• after the awakening of strawberries from hibernation, repeated sprayings are carried out every one and a half weeks until flowering;
• processing stops at the moment when berry setting begins. Up until harvest, any fungicide exposure to fruit is highly undesirable;
• after harvesting and until late autumn, the bushes are sprayed at least twice. Fungal infections are often active at this time, so it is important to stay alert.

The treatment described above is carried out both on diseased and healthy plants as a preventive measure.

Among the fungicides suitable for strawberry bushes, we note the main ones:

• Bordeaux mixture;
• Ridomil;
• Speed

berry bushes

Such common berry bushes, like currants, raspberries or gooseberries, in many respects similar diseases with similar symptoms appear. These ailments include:

• anthracnose - with this disease, the leaves of plants are covered with yellow and brown spots, as if pushing through them. As new spots form, the leaves gradually dry out and fall off;
• goblet rust - characteristic mushroom spore pads appear on the leaves, which have a muted orange tint;

  

• purple spotting - this type of spotting affects, first of all, annual raspberry stems. Purple spotting is accompanied by the spread of purple spots in the areas of attachment of leaf petioles;
• American powdery mildew - unlike classic powdery mildew, American powdery mildew appears primarily in old varieties of currants and gooseberries that do not have immunity to this disease. The first symptom of the disease is the spread white plaque throughout the bush. Subsequently, the plant begins to slowly die - its leaves dry out, and the berries fall off even before they ripen.

  

From rust, spotting and anthracosis, gardeners use bardo liquid, with which the plant is treated twice - in early spring (during the "green cone" period) and at the time of vegetation. In the fight against powdery mildew, Topaz and Thiovit Jet have proven themselves well, with which the bush is sprayed immediately before and after flowering.

tomatoes

Tomatoes are considered the crop that is most often subjected to fungal invasion. Among the diseases that gardeners often encounter when growing tomatoes are:

• late blight;
• cladosporiosis;
• fusarium;
• macrosporiosis;
• gray rot.

The table below lists the main symptoms of these ailments, as well as methods of dealing with them.

Table 2. Fungal diseases of tomatoes

Disease	Symptoms	Treatment Methods
	Late blight is the most common disease among tomatoes. Phytophthora can be recognized by the following manifestations: 1. increasing black dots on stems and leaves; 2. dark gray coating on fruits	For the treatment of late blight, fungicides such as Barrier or Barrier are used. To prepare the solution, 8 grams of the product are taken and dissolved in ten liters of pure water until the powder is completely decomposed. You can also take 50 grams of HOM or Abiga-Pak and also dissolve in 10 grams of water
	Cladosporiosis or brown spotting is easily recognized - by the appearance of dark red spots, which first spread to the leaves, and then to the whole plant as a whole. As a result, the fruits die unripe.	Unfortunately, fungicides are not used in the fight against cladosporiosis. However, they can be used to treat the soil before planting tomatoes. Reducing watering and lowering temperature helps to overcome cladosporiosis
	1. yellowing and falling of the lower leaves, gradually capturing the upper tiers of the plant; 2. drooping of the tops, outwardly resembling drying out; 3. damage to the conductive system. when cutting the lateral stem, you can see brown tissue	Two weeks before harvest, tomatoes are processed blue vitriol(50 grams per 10 liters of water) or Barrier (20 grams per 10 liters of water)
	Gray rot appears already at the end of fruiting - at the end of October, with the arrival of rains and an increase in humidity. The disease manifests itself in the form of rusty-red marks, gradually starting to get wet and rot	Periodic treatment with Barrier or Barrier (10-15 grams of powder per 10 liters of water)
	Alternariosis proceeds with the formation of brown spots on the lower leaves, gradually spreading to the fruits	Once a month, the soil is cultivated, from which tomatoes grow. For these purposes, a Barrier is used (15 grams of powder are diluted in 10 liters of water)

Processing tomatoes with phytosporin

Step 1. Even before starting treatment, carefully inspect the plant and remove all its areas where the fungus has manifested itself. You also need to cut everything. lower leaves in contact with the soil (since pathogens of fungal diseases, as a rule, live in the soil).

Step 2 Take a package of phytosporin. In order to prepare a solution in the correct dosage, you need to follow one rule - the powder (or paste) should be half as much as water. Accordingly, if you take 200 grams of phytosporin, then you will need 400 milliliters of water.

Step 3 Pour the solution into the sprayer and set the spray mode to fine. Treat the plant with the resulting composition. Small drops will last longer on the sheet and give the best result.

Step 4 The solution must necessarily get to both the upper and lower parts of the plant, since phytosporin belongs to the contact type of fungicides. Treat the lower levels especially carefully, as they are at risk.

decorative garden

Treatment ornamental plants It is designed to combat the types of diseases already familiar from the previous sections:

If you are going to subsequently store the bulbs or tubers of plants for planting, then before placing them in containers, it is necessary to treat the planting material with Maxim.

Important! Before treatment with fungicides, the planting material must be dried and cleaned of dried scales.

Vaults

Treating storages and cellars with fungicides will significantly reduce the likelihood of infection of fruits or planting material with fungal diseases. This procedure should be carried out shortly before the fruits are transferred to storage. Like fruits, storage facilities are dried before being treated with fungicides.

As a treatment, most gardeners prefer those that contain a large amount of sulfur, or garden sulfur itself. Fumigation of one square meter will require fifty grams of sulfur. In addition to the walls, boxes and any other equipment that is in the storage are also processed.

Video - Features of the use of fungicides