Installation of frame partitions. How to properly make internal partitions in a wooden house Interroom partitions in a frame house

When choosing house structures, it is important to take into account the material of manufacture of its walls and other load-bearing elements, since they will transfer the load to the foundation soil. For example, they are not suitable for a light frame house. concrete floors and heavy brick walls. To understand what partitions are needed in wooden house, you need to familiarize yourself with their varieties and features.

What is the difference between partitions and walls

Before starting work, it is necessary to master the theory. Often among non-professionals such concepts as walls and partitions are confused (especially when the question comes about redevelopment).

For the sake of clarity, the following definitions can be given:

load-bearing walls- house structures that perceive the load from floors and roofs and transfer it to the foundation. These walls perform a very responsible function, so they must be calculated according to bearing capacity. The wall goes to the entire height of the floor (from the floor to the floor of the next), that is, it seems to cut the disk of the floor.
Curtain walls- structures that, as in the previous case, are laid out to the entire height of the floor, but transfer the load to the foundation only from their own weight (floors or roofs do not rest on them).
Partitions laid out to the height of the room (from floor to ceiling of one floor). Unlike walls, they do not rest on a foundation, but on a ceiling. They do not perform a bearing function, they serve only as enclosing structures.

Partition walls are less demanding than walls, so they can be thinner and less durable.

Features of partitions in a wooden building

Unlike walls, partitions rest on the ceiling, not the foundation, and are laid out to the height of the room.

To make interior partitions with your own hands in a house made of logs, timber or a frame building, you need to remember the mass and strength of the wall material. AT brick houses often mount partitions from the same material as the wall structures. But it is important to remember that a 2.7 m high and 1.2 m thick ceramic element will weigh approximately 600 kg per linear meter. This is about 100 kg more than the mass outer wall from a bar, 300 mm thick (optimal for heat engineering). That is, the wall will have more weight than its own, and if you add more floors and roofing, the picture is not joyful. That is why it is important to remember one thing: the density of the material for partitions should not exceed the density of load-bearing walls.

Next tip You can give about the start time of installation with your own hands. Interroom enclosing structures should be mounted only after the walls of the house shrink. If you do this earlier, then the following situation will arise:

Walls that are loaded with the weight of floors and roofs begin to dry out and sag.
At the same time, partitions shrink (if they are made of wood), but since the load on them is less than on wall fences, the process is slower.
The difference leads to the fact that the ceilings, based on wall structures, put pressure on the interior fences and lead to their deviation from the vertical, uplift and bending.

To prevent this phenomenon, you need to wait a while after assembling a house from a bar or rounded log with your own hands. Shield and frame houses practically do not shrink, so you can install interior elements immediately after assembly.

Types of partitions and technology for their manufacture

Partitions in a wooden house made of timber or galvanized logs, as well as frame buildings can be of the following types:

frame and frame-panel;
panel and carpentry;
frameless.

All of the above types refer to wood structures. As additional options, you can make fences from drywall or tongue-and-groove. They also have a fairly small mass and are easy to install.

Plasterboard partition assembly scheme

To understand how to make interior elements for a house from a bar or a log with your own hands, you need to consider each type separately.

Partitions on the frame

Such partitions in a wooden house made of timber or logs can be used at the request of the future owner, and for frame buildings they will be the best option.

Manufacturing technology is as follows:

Measurements of the room and marking on the floor where the interior structures will be located.
They make bars bottom strapping based on the obtained dimensions. Fasten the elements to the floor with screws or self-tapping screws.
Next, cut out according to the measurements of the rack and the transverse elements of the frame. Do-it-yourself installation in the design position can be done in two ways: separately or installing the frame after assembling it on the floor. Fasteners are made with screws or self-tapping screws. The end posts are fixed directly to the wall.
The frame is wedged in the upper part and fixed with fasteners.
After that, a heater is laid between the frame elements (if it is needed for sound insulation) and sheathing is performed. You can sheathe with drywall or clapboard. In this case, the sheets and cladding elements are cut so that their joint falls in the middle of the frame rack.

Panel and carpentry

To make do-it-yourself interior fences of this type for a house made of timber or logs, you need to be guided by the following procedure:

Wooden partitions in the house

Room measurements and markings.
Production of board boards (solid) from boards 20-40 mm thick.
Bars are nailed to the surface of the floor and ceiling, which form grooves for installing shields. The shield can be two-layer or three-layer. In the manufacture of a three-layer structure, boards of smaller thickness are used for the inner layer.
Assemble a partition from shields in height. Inserting them into the grooves formed by the bars.
Soundproofing material can be laid between the layers.

The dimensions of the carpentry partitions depend on the purpose. They look like door leafs, can be deaf or glazed.

They are made both for the entire height of the room, and with a gap of 30-50 cm from the top edge to the ceiling.

Frameless

When making the simplest structures of this type with your own hands, work is done in next order:

Room measurements and markings.
Fastening the bottom strap.
Making a groove strapping on a bar by nailing two bars. The groove should be equal to the thickness of the partition boards.
A triangular beam is fastened to the ceiling. It will happen integral part groove for mounting from above, so the location must correspond to the bottom mount.
Install vertical boards, starting with the one located against the wall. It is pressed and nailed to a triangular bar from above.
Install all the boards in turn. The space between the individual elements is filled with tow, mounting foam or insulating cord.
After the installation of the boards is completed, the second triangular groove element is nailed to the ceiling.
Carry out the lining of the partition.

Instead of bars for fastening to the floor and ceiling, you can use metal corners.

To competently make partitions for a house from a bar or other wooden elements with your own hands, it is necessary to choose their type correctly, mount them without deviations vertically and horizontally and securely fasten the parts of the structure together. For manufacturing, it is recommended to choose wood of the first or second grade conifers. All wood is necessarily treated with antiseptics to prevent decay. Optionally, elements can be treated with flame retardants to increase fire resistance.

Like any other internal walls frame house can be divided into load-bearing and partitions. The former are an integral part of the frame of the structure and play an important role as stiffening elements. The latter are designed to separate the premises, and add only a little rigidity to the structure of the house.

The difference in the layout of load-bearing walls and partitions

The planning of load-bearing walls is carried out even before the construction of the foundation, since they need the same strong foundation as the perimeter. Partitions are placed already in the process of construction in arbitrary places, since usually they are not responsible for the frame of the structure.

Installation of partitions in a frame house

Since load-bearing walls are a frame and for the most part they are external, today we will talk about partitions, since they are an internal structure.

In order to properly install the internal walls of a frame house, there are two ways that have the right to exist:

In the first option, load-bearing structures are created between the floor lags, on which vertical boards rest, forming the wall frame.
The second method is simpler: with it, the wall racks can rest on a board screwed to the floor or on the floor itself.

In any case, it is better to fix the upper ends of the racks to the floor logs or additional structures arranged on them, which will increase reliability. Racks are best placed so that they not only form comfortable contours of rooms, but can also strengthen the frame of the building. Such interior partitions can significantly reduce the fragility of the floor located on the floor above. Knowledgeable builders skillfully use this.

Often builders draw a plan of the room directly on the floor and then arrange the racks along the drawn lines. With this, you can evaluate the spaciousness of future rooms and the convenience of the location of the doors. It should be borne in mind that the visual dimensions of the rooms seem smaller than the real ones.

For the construction of interior partitions in frame houses, boards no thicker than 50x100 mm are usually used, since the thickness of the future wall will increase due to finishing. Her minimum thickness, most likely, will be at least 17 centimeters.

In interior partitions, the distance between the uprights is usually 1.2 m. This is the width of a standard mineral wool roll. This material or its natural or synthetic counterpart is best used as a heater. Noise insulation and batten boards are mounted according to the principle used for load-bearing frame walls at home.

It is divided into zones with the help of partitions. Their installation has structural features that must be taken into account in order for these walls to fulfill their functions.

Types of walls in a frame house and the purpose of partitions

Frame houses have gained popularity for their key features, including reliability and ease of installation. The frame of the building performs a load-bearing function, and the internal walls are necessary for the distribution of space. Only when erecting a large building, the rigidity of the frame has to be strengthened by load-bearing structures inside the house.

There are several types of internal partitions.

1. By the presence of openings:

blank walls. It is a one-piece structure that completely separates one room from another. It is easier to create them, but you need to pay great attention to good sound insulation;
walls with openings. Required for installation interior doors or other design solutions. For stability, the rigidity of the structure should be further strengthened.

2. By functionality:

free walls. This is the simplest option - partitions that are not intended for mounting equipment or furniture on them.
loaded walls. They are specially reinforced during the construction phase to easily support the weight. kitchen set, TV, shelves with books and other furniture

In most cases, no special requirements it is not presented to the partitions of the frame house. Therefore, they do not need to additionally strengthen the foundation; floor, logs are able to withstand the weight of internal walls.

Mounting options and partition insulation

The internal walls, like the entire frame house, are assembled from a beam of one section, this increases the rigidity and stability of the whole structure. Mounted on load-bearing beams in three possible options:

on the beam. The design is installed on the beam, fixed wooden blocks on both sides (the cross section of which coincides with the thickness of the floorboard). Skirting boards are subsequently attached to the junction;
between beams. Before installation, the beams are fastened with sleepers (bars of the appropriate size are cut into the space between them). Beds are placed on the sleepers, on which the partition is mounted;
across the beams. On the beams along which the inner wall will pass, a log (lying) is attached at an angle of 90 degrees. The design is installed on them.

Partitions must be properly insulated. Of course, we are not talking about thermal insulation - it is installed on the frame itself.

Soundproofing. This question is important for the residents of the frame house. Partitions because of their design features not able to isolate noise well. To suppress sound, it is recommended to fix the diaphragm before the direct installation of the internal walls, as well as create a layer of drywall, mineral wool or other noise-reducing material. Speaking of walls with openings, the situation here is more complicated: interior doors, decorative windows conduct any sounds well.
Vapor barrier. It can be created using mineral wool. It will help protect the interior space and the frame itself from condensation, water vapor. It is important to install insulating layers in places with high humidity (kitchen, bathrooms). Serious attention should be paid to this, since a good vapor barrier increases the life of a frame house.

Despite the seeming simplicity of installing partitions, you need to know a few valuable nuances that will make life in a frame house much more comfortable. Therefore, it is best to contact experienced professionals. The construction company "OrlovStroy" offers customers high-quality frame houses from materials of its own production, carries out all the work on construction, installation and ensures the reliability of the constructed facilities.

Imagine modern house impossible without interior partitions. They are made from various materials and different technology. We will tell you about how such interior partitions are arranged in frame house.

Types of common partitions

In frame houses, it is customary to distinguish between several main types of such internal walls. These can be single plank, frame-sheathed, double plank and structures with high-quality sound insulation. The choice of certain varieties must be made depending on the purpose. specific premises. It should be said that frame-sheathing options are universal, they are easy to arrange, have an affordable cost and therefore are widely used today.

It is also possible to perform brick walls in frame-type houses, however, this invariably leads to an increase in the load on the supporting structures. Therefore, we would not recommend you to make all internal walls from this material. The only exceptions are houses that have a durable strip foundation, allowing high-quality transfer of the load on the ground. Wood, as a material for walls, is most widely used. It's different environmental cleanliness, is light weight and provided correct operation can last for a long time.

We make partitions in a frame house

Mounting interior walls starts after installing all windows and doors. When using wood vertical racks are made of boards with a thickness of about 50 millimeters and a width of at least 100 millimeters. Such dimensions of the racks guarantee maximum strength, stability and durability of the erected structures. The completed frame can be sheathed with drywall or chipboard. You can also use fiberboard or plywood for sheathing the frame. In the event that the design is done in living rooms, then as soundproofing components, you can use sheet foam, mineral wool boards and other similar noise and heat insulators.

Equipping frame-sheathing partitions

Technology must be followed exactly construction works and a certain sequence of finishing. So, the frame is initially made, for which boards 50 millimeters thick are attached to the ceiling and floor. This will allow us to perform the so-called strapping, into which the supporting racks are subsequently inserted. In this case, the side extreme racks must be attached to the walls. Such frame elements should be inserted into the grooves made with little effort. They are fixed with nails or screws. To increase the rigidity of the structure, it is possible to arrange horizontal jumpers between the vertical posts.

It should be remembered that the frame is the basis of the entire structure. Therefore, the quality of its manufacture should be approached with all responsibility. Having completed work with load-bearing elements and walls, you can begin to sheath them decorative material. This work is carried out on one side, after which noise is laid inside and thermal insulation materials. Only after that proceed to the sheathing on the opposite side of the partition.

Conclusion

The arrangement of partitions in a frame house is not difficult, so each homeowner can perform this work on one's own. We recommend using frame-sheathing technologies using lumber. It will also be necessary to select high-quality noise and heat insulation materials, which will increase performance characteristics completed interior partitions.

Partitions in a frame house are an indispensable element of building structures, thanks to which the interior space of the house is divided according to the types of purpose and use, and their zoning is performed.

Inside a house made according to frame technology, internal partitions four types can be performed, these are:

Plank, from one layer of boards;
Plank, from two layers of boards with laying of special layers (sound and heat insulation);
Frame-sheathing without laying insulation;
Frame-sheathing with insulation in the internal space of the frame.

If the design of plank partitions is quite simple, then during the construction of frame-sheathing structures, it is necessary to fulfill certain requirements, both in terms of the materials used and the nodes for their attachment to the supporting elements of the building.

In the manufacture of the frame of internal partitions, dry lumber is used. For vertical racks edged board with a thickness of 30.0 - 50.0 mm and a width of 50.0 to 100.0 mm or more, for horizontal braces - with a thickness of 30.0 mm, the same width as for vertical racks. For sheathing the frame, OSB-plate, thick plywood, chipboard or drywall are used. When using fiberboard, it is necessary to sheath the frame with a board 20.0 mm thick.

Requirements for interior partitions

Regardless of the design and material used in the manufacture, certain requirements are imposed on internal partitions, namely:

The design must be strong enough and safe for those living in the house.
The material used must allow the use given element building structure for the life of the building as a whole.
On the surface of the partition and the places where it adjoins bearing walls, there should be no cracks and cracks.
When arranging rooms with high humidity(showers, bathrooms, laundries and the like), the materials used in the manufacture must have a water-repellent effect and the ability to retain moisture from penetrating the structure.
Small specific gravity materials used, very important factor during the installation of partitions in frame housing construction and during the installation of partitions on the upper floors of objects under construction.

Installation of internal frame partitions, their design features

Although the partition does not bear any external load, nevertheless, its strength, its heat-conducting and sound-absorbing properties, affect the comfort of residents living in a frame house.

When installing a frame-sheathing structure, performed independently, it is necessary to follow certain rules and perform work in the following sequence:

Before starting work, it is necessary to draw a drawing (sketch), which displays all the nodal connections of the frame.
Then, in accordance with the drawing, it is necessary to prepare blanks, while on the upper and lower rails of the frame, grooves should be cut into which vertical racks will be inserted in the future, and horizontal or other spacers (if necessary) should be inserted in vertical racks.
The width of the vertical posts and horizontal rails must be the same.
Markings are made on the surface of the ceiling and floor, in accordance with which the installation of horizontal guides is carried out.
The grooves in the upper and lower horizontal rails, for installing vertical racks, must be located strictly opposite each other.
The distance between the vertical posts must correspond to the width of the insulation (sound insulation) that is supposed to be laid inside the frame.
If there is a doorway in the partition, the lower guide on this segment is not laid, and the width of the opening corresponds to the width of the door frame.
Side vertical racks, which are located near the surface of the wall, should enter between the guides with a slight "interference", which will ensure a rigid fixation of the latter.
Intermediate vertical posts should also fit tightly into the grooves, while they can be paired using a mallet or other tool that does not damage the structure of the tree.
The racks are fixed by installing mounting brackets using self-tapping bolts, in their absence, fastening is done with nails.
On the assembled frame, the surface is sewn. For this it can be used various material available - OSB, plywood, chipboard, fiberboard, drywall
If necessary, insulation and sound insulation are laid in the internal space of the frame, engineering networks are laid.
When the work inside the frame is completed, the partition is sewn from the second side.

A distinctive feature of the implementation of partitions in wooden houses various designs(rounded log, timber, round timber), is that after assembling the house, shrinkage occurs building elements, during which the height interior spaces decreases somewhat. In this regard, frame partitions in a wooden house are performed a year after its construction.

If the work is done earlier, then a gap (up to 100.0 mm) is left between the ceiling and the upper guide, into which the insulation is placed, after which the space is sewn up with a bar or board, with the latter fixed to the ceiling of the building.

Functions performed by internal partitions

As already mentioned above, by arranging partitions, zoning of the internal space of the house, arrangement of rooms and technical premises, depending on the needs of users.

In order to create comfortable living conditions, in addition to zoning, partitions must perform the following functions, these are:

Soundproofing of rooms

To provide sound insulation in frame-type partitions, different kinds mineral wool (basalt fiber), which fit into the internal space of the frame.

When using a plank structure, the soundproofing layer is placed between the layers of boards.

Thermal insulation of premises

If necessary, thermal insulation of partitions frame structure, a heater is laid in the internal space of the frame, which can be used as foam, mineral wool or penoizol (in the form of plates).

If you need an insulation device, you need to think about it at the stage of drawing up a drawing (sketch), because. the thickness of the thermal insulation layer must correspond to the thickness of the horizontal guides and vertical racks. Compliance with this condition will help to avoid difficulties in the performance of work, as well as cost overruns of building materials.

Interior partitions in the house can be mounted independently by each homeowner, regardless of the design of the house itself and its layout. The main condition for successful operation is that in houses made of materials that shrink, the installation of partitions must be carried out after shrinkage. load-bearing structures. If these are impossibilities, the deadlines for the delivery of the finished construction object do not allow, then it is necessary to provide for a gap between the structural elements, which is eliminated during the shrinkage of the structure.