Do-it-yourself wooden frame garage. How to build a frame garage with your own hands - simple tips. Plate or tape? Foundation for the frame

The best way to build a garage "in one hand" is the construction of a frame. At the same time, it is not at all necessary to have experience in performing such work or to know the technology thoroughly. It is simple and intuitive. Step-by-step instructions for building a wooden frame garage will help you understand all its nuances.

By the name of the frame garage, it is easy to guess what underlies its design.

Frame - a structure built entirely of wood. Metal here are only fasteners and connecting elements (perforated corners and plates). The name of the technology is "speaking", informing that the basis of the structure is the frame. After it is sheathed with the selected material, a full-fledged building with load-bearing and non-bearing walls, a truss system and ceilings is obtained.

There are three technologies for the construction of buildings of this type:

Canadian. A distinctive feature is the use of SIP panels. These products consist of thick (10-20 cm) polyurethane foam, glued on both sides with OSB (oriented strand board) sheets 9-12 mm thick.
Frame-panel, implying the assembly of large-sized panels from boards and their subsequent installation in the frame openings.
Frame-frame. The easiest to implement, allowing you to do the whole range of work with your own hands, without the involvement of assistants and lifting equipment. Next, this particular method of building a garage will be considered.

The main elements of the frame structure

Wooden frame garage - inside view

The frame building consists of the following elements:

foundation;
bottom harness;
wall frame from vertical ordinary and corner racks;
sheathing;
top floor;
truss system (not available for buildings with flat roofs);
roofs.

The lumber used in construction is timber with a section of 100x100 or 150x150 mm and boards with a section of 15x50 mm and 25x20 mm. Sheathing - OSB boards 9 mm thick.

On a note! Lumber does not always have the correct geometric parameters. Often boards and beams are bent to one degree or another. It is recommended to use a thickness gauge to calibrate materials. Since the tool is quite expensive, you can rent it and complete all the work on leveling the lumber in 1-2 days.

Is a bar necessary?

During the construction of a frame wooden garage, timber is not indispensable

The technology allows replacing timber with a package of boards laid on edge and interconnected with nails and metal studs with a cross section of 6-8 mm. At the price of a solid bar and a prefabricated one, they are about the same. But the second one has one indisputable advantage: it practically does not lead the prefabricated beam.

Otherwise, it is inferior to the beam. When designing, it is taken into account that loads for it are 15% less than for solid lumber. But the garage is a light structure that does not imply a solid pressure on the foundation and floors. Therefore, in order to save money and the convenience of carrying lumber with your own hands, you can fearlessly use beams from a package of boards.

Pros and cons of a frame garage

The number of advantages of a frame wooden garage is several times greater than the disadvantages

Like any other building construction technology, frame construction has its advantages and disadvantages. And the first is much more than all other methods of building a garage.

Pros:

High construction speed. In the presence of good weather conditions, a 4x6 m frame can be built with your own hands in 3-4 weeks.
Durability. A garage built in accordance with all the rules will last at least 50 years.
Internal and external walls do not require additional finishing in the form of plastering and leveling, as they are flat and smooth surfaces.
The possibility of building a lightweight inexpensive foundation.
Minimum shrinkage or its complete absence, provided that high-quality dried lumber is used.
Ecological purity.
Lower thermal conductivity than brick and concrete buildings.
Ability to withstand significant and frequent temperature changes.
All-weather construction.
Indoor microclimate favorable for human health.

Minuses:

Among the shortcomings of the frame technology, first of all, the hygroscopicity of wood, its susceptibility to decay and damage by wood-boring insects, are noted. Risks are minimized by treating lumber with special solutions - antiseptics. One of the most popular is Senezh. It is recommended to apply 2-3 layers of the solution.

The second disadvantage of skeletons is a fire hazard. In order to increase the resistance of wood to high temperatures, special means have been developed - fire and bioprotective. That is, they are also antiseptics at the same time, which allows you to save on the purchase of these solutions. The most popular and effective:

"Senezh Ognebio";
"Senezh Ognebio Prof";
NEOMID from "Neohim";
"Pirilaks" from "NPO NORTH";
"Woodmaster" from "NPP Rogneda".

The disadvantages of frame-type buildings include the difficulty of attaching hinged elements (shelves, cabinets, mirrors, etc.) to the walls. In order for a nail or self-tapping screw to reliably withstand the load, they must be driven into a beam or board.

In skeletons, there is a significant surface area - cavities filled with insulation (mineral wool or polystyrene / polyurethane foam). Therefore, when designing a building, it is necessary to foresee the presence of beams in those places where hinged interior elements will be installed.

Drawing up a project and cost estimates

Before proceeding with the design of a frame garage, they study the features of the materials used in its construction. The length of standard boards and timber is 6 m. You can order products of other sizes, but you will have to pay extra for this.

On a note! By choosing the dimensions of the building, corresponding to 3 and 6 meters, they simplify the construction process, reduce its time and minimize the amount of waste.

In order to maximize cost savings, the design also takes into account the geometric parameters of facing and roofing materials.

For a 3x6 garage with a wall height of 3 m, you will need:

timber 150x150 mm - 1.6 m 3;
boards 50x150 mm - 2.1 m 3;
boards 25x150 mm - 1.9 m 3;
boards 50x100 mm - 0.7 m 3 (for the floor, if it is wooden).

The advantage of the frame is that you can save on lumber for formwork. It is built from the existing one, but for its safety, the shields are covered with a dense plastic wrap. After dismantling the formwork, the boards are used for their intended purpose: for the construction of the frame.

Mandatory budget items

Purpose	materials
Foundation from a monolithic reinforced concrete slab	- hydrostekloizol or roofing material for waterproofing; - sand for backfilling "pillows" with a thickness of 20-30 cm; - concrete M-300; - metal bars for reinforcement.
Frame of walls and ceilings, truss system	- timber 150x150 mm; - boards 50x150 mm; - boards 50x100 mm.
Sheathing of internal and external walls	OSB-3 (thickness 9 mm)
roof lathing	Boards 25x150 mm
roof cladding	Ondulin, profiled sheet, flat or wavy slate, flexible tile, metal tile. Board 25x150 mm for filing cornice overhangs.
Wall and floor insulation	Rockwool "Light Butts" basalt slabs 150 mm thick.
Fire bioprotection of wood	"Senezh Ognebio"
Fasteners	Metal corners, wood screws, nails.

On average, the cost of materials for the construction of a 4x6 m garage with a wall height of 2.7 m is 278 thousand rubles. (data are current at the beginning of 2018). The work of specialists in the construction of buildings - 180-200 thousand rubles.

To find out the exact amount of materials needed for the construction of a frame garage, you can use an online calculator that performs calculations in accordance with SP 31-105-2002.

To do this, you must specify the building parameters:

length;
width;
height;
step between floor beams (recommended 400 mm);
step between ordinary racks of the frame (recommended 600 mm);
insulation thickness (100-200 mm).

Advice! It is desirable to assemble the frame on nails, as they effectively prevent the materials from moving in any direction. Self-tapping screws work better on separation.

Required Tools

Construction will require both power and hand tools.

When building a frame, wood is used, which determines the choice of tools.

power tools

Circular (disc) saw. The Hitachi C7MFA-4800 is considered the most enduring.
Screwdriver with two batteries with a power of at least 19W. The best choice is "AEG BS 12 X-R LMB-3200".
Chainsaw. The best of the budget ones is the Echo CS-3500-14. The average price is 7100 rubles.
Concrete mixer with a capacity of at least 140 liters. It is necessary for pouring a slab or strip foundation. For the construction of a columnar there will be sufficient manual mixing of concrete.
LBM (Bulgarian), 125 mm.
A miter saw, necessary for cutting at a certain angle. Circular will not cope with this task. The purchase of a miter saw quickly pays off with the speed and accuracy of the work.
Pneumatic nail hammer (optional).
Sharpener for sharpening hand tools.

Advice! Those who have experience in self-construction of carcasses do not recommend buying a jigsaw. This tool is useless for most jobs and is completely replaceable by the existing manual and electric ones.

Hand and measuring tool

Quality bubble levels 200 and 60 cm long.
Roulette with a tape length of at least 8 m.
Chalk paint string.
Hammers for 500 and 1000 g.
Two axes, small and medium.
Mount.
Ticks (medium and large).
Shoe knife.
A set of chisels.
Wood saw.
Tanks and shovels for excavation and concreting.

Foundation selection

All skeletons are light buildings and do not require a solid foundation. Any foundation is suitable for this type of garage:

slab;
MZL (shallow-depth tape);
columnar;
on screw piles.

An alternative to traditional foundations

Semykin Foundation - a budget option

For small one-story buildings, the most budget option is suitable - the Semykin foundation. It is built from car tires, which are waste material. This significantly reduces the cost of the estimate. The internal cavities of the tires are ¾ filled with sand and gravel, poured with concrete.

Among the advantages of the base of automobile tires:

shock-absorbing properties that prevent the structure from skewing during ground movements during periods of freezing and thawing;
durability;
cheapness;
high construction speed.

Foundation selection criteria

The optimal solution for any type of building is a slab base. But when choosing it, it is necessary to solve several important questions in advance:

where will the inspection hole be located, and what are its dimensions;
where and how communications will be located (electrical wiring, plumbing, sewerage, ventilation);
determine the location of machines, racks, workbench.

It is not always possible to foresee all the nuances of arranging a garage in advance, and in this case, strip or column foundations are chosen. They provide scope for choosing the location of all the above elements of the structure and its interior.

Construction of a column foundation

The columnar foundation is a complex of supports buried in the ground, located along the perimeter of the building. There are several ways to arrange poles.

Of bricks laid on a cement-sand mortar.
By pouring concrete asbestos pipes with a cross section of 200-350 mm;
From concrete blocks.
With the installation of formwork, reinforcement and pouring concrete.
From metal pipes with a wall thickness of more than 2 mm and filled with gravel and cement-sand mortar.

Regardless of the chosen method of arranging the supports, it will be necessary to form recesses in the ground for them. Holes can be dug with a shovel or drilled with a power drill. For a foundation for a frame garage, the optimal section of the recesses is 20-25 cm.

Construction stages:

Step 1. Choosing a place. It is important that the building is at least 1.5 m away from trees, any fences and buildings.

Step 2. Markup. At this stage, using a laser level, the corner points of the future garage are found and marked with pegs. Connect with twine or polypropylene cord. Check the straightness of the corners and make sure that the diagonals of the rectangle are equal.

Step 3. Site preparation. If necessary, level the relief of the selected place, cutting off the hills and removing the soil beyond the markings.

Step 4. At the installation sites of the pillars, they pull the cord "from wall to wall." The optimal distance between the supports (excluding their cross section) is 80-120 cm. The thinner the pillars, the smaller the distance between them is chosen.

Step 5. At the points found, they dig or otherwise form holes in the ground with a depth of 100-120 cm.

Step 6. Formwork is made from boards with a section of 15x150 mm in the form of hollow boxes of the required size.

Step 7. At the bottom of each pit, a layer of sand 5-10 cm thick and a layer of crushed stone 10-15 cm thick are poured. Each one is carefully tamped.

Step 8 Install the formwork in the pits, level it.

Step 9 Rectangular rods are connected from reinforcement bars and installed in the formwork.

Step 10. Manually or in a concrete mixer prepare a cement-sand mortar with gravel filler.

Step 11. Fill the formwork with concrete with the compaction of each of its layers.

Step 12 After the pillars have solidified, the formwork is dismantled.

Step 13. Check the horizontal alignment of the supports. Use a two-meter bubble level. Deviations of no more than 5 mm are allowed.

Installation work

Installation of the lower trim of the frame garage

The next stage of work after the installation of the foundation is the installation of the lower trim from a bar with a section of 150x150 mm:

2-3 sheets of roofing material are laid on each pillar;
each beam is sawn from the ends so that a tenon-groove connection is obtained at the corner points;
reinforce the joints with metal corners fixed with self-tapping screws;
install intermediate beams, with their ends resting against pillars on opposite walls of the strapping;
connect beams with strapping corners and self-tapping screws.

lay the floor on the lower floor (if they do not plan to install a viewing hole;
erect the frame of the walls and truss trusses.

Most often, after the installation of the lower floor, they begin to install the corner and intermediate supports of the frame walls, which are connected by the upper trim. The step between the vertical posts is 60-80 cm. After that, the outer walls are sheathed with OSB sheets. Fill the gaps between the frame posts with foam plastic or mineral wool slabs and proceed to sheathing the internal walls of the garage.

The rafter system is mounted in accordance with the selected type of roof. Sheathe the roof with OSB sheets and arrange a crate on top of them for laying the facing material. The final stage of the construction of a frame garage is the finishing of the external walls and roof. After that, they proceed to the device of the blind area and the access road.

Caring for a wooden frame garage during operation

Proper operation of the frame garage is the key to its durability. Since the structure is wooden, high humidity is detrimental to it.. From the outside, the building is sheathed with facing materials that protect the walls and roof from precipitation. Indoors, high-quality ventilation is required, natural or supply and exhaust.

Building maintenance consists of several regularly repeated actions:

inspection of the foundation and its timely repair;
inspection of the finishing coatings of walls and roofs, elimination of detected shortcomings;
maintaining cleanliness and dryness indoors;
a drainage device that diverts ground and surface water from the foundation.

In order to build a wooden frame garage, you need to choose the right materials and type of foundation, study the instructions for each stage of installation work. A self-built building is the pride of the owner. Compliance with the requirements of technology guarantees the reliability and durability of the garage.

Most car owners can build a frame garage with their own hands. It is enough to follow the basic requirements of the instructions and observe safety precautions when working.

Advantages and disadvantages of frame construction

Each garage, both capital and simplified, must perform several functions:

Protection of the car from weather factors and unauthorized access.
Carrying out routine repairs, maintenance and inspection of equipment.
Storage of a set of tools and spare parts.

A frame garage is not inferior in functionality to a capital brick structure and at the same time it will cost much less.

The frame of the building is often made of wood. It is easy to process, inexpensive and does not require a strong foundation. The cladding of the building is made of any suitable material: siding, corrugated board, sandwich panels, lining boards.

Among the main advantages of a do-it-yourself garage are:

Ease of erection. With basic skills, even a novice builder can handle the job.
There is no need to attract powerful specialized machinery and equipment.
Lightweight and durable construction. As a result, there is no need to equip a deep foundation.

The main disadvantage is the flammability of the wooden frame. To avoid fires, it is sheathed on both sides with non-combustible materials. Non-combustible mineral wool is used as a heater. In addition, wood is impregnated with flame retardants.

The frame can also be made from other materials, for example, a metal profiled pipe. As a sheathing for such a structure, five-millimeter metal profile sheets are used. Such a building is resistant to fire, but the frame requires additional treatment with anti-rust agents.

Preparation for construction: tools and materials

When choosing wood for construction, several factors must be considered:

Bars can be glued and solid. The first option - does not deform over time, does not require additional supports. However, its cost is many times higher than the whole one.
The use of non-profiled timber increases the consumption of antiseptics, flame retardants, and painting materials. Also, during processing, cracks may occur that require putty. Profiled timber has no such disadvantages.

You should carefully approach the choice of wood species. Among those suitable for the construction of a frame garage are:

Oak. Very strong and reliable material. High strength leads to complexity of processing, so the cut can be done by the supplier.
Beech. The main advantages are practicality, ease of processing, pleasant natural shades.
Alder is an inexpensive material that can imitate more valuable breeds. Resistant to high humidity.
Pine is the cheapest and most popular building material. The main disadvantages are poor resistance to moisture, susceptibility to mechanical stress.
Larch is ideal for regions with high humidity. It is durable and does not rot.

Also for construction you will need a set of tools:

Screws, slate nails and other fasteners.
Metal corners.
Decking or other material for sheathing.
Construction slope.
Screwdriver or screwdriver set.
Hacksaw or scissors for metal.

Dimensions and detailed drawing

The width of a standard frame garage for one car is about four meters. Length - at least 5.5, can reach up to seven. Height - 2.5–2.7 meters, excluding the roof. Specific dimensions are selected taking into account the characteristics of a particular vehicle. For example, the height of the garage for an onboard gazelle is at least three meters. The minimum distance from the car to the wall is half a meter.

The drawing shows a design focused on one car

All dimensions are approx.

When building a garage for two cars, the planned width of the building is doubled.

Do-it-yourself step-by-step instructions for building a frame garage with your own hands

The construction of a frame garage takes place in several stages. Each follows a certain technology and sequence of actions:

Building a foundation.
Frame assembly.
Roof manufacturing.
External and internal wall cladding.
Gate installation.

Let's analyze the steps in more detail.

Foundation construction

The construction of a frame garage begins with careful preparation of the territory. The site allocated for development is cleared of vegetation and tree roots, and a little deepened. After that, a layer of sand is poured, pegs are installed around the perimeter of the future base and a building thread is pulled.

The outer side of the foundation must be waterproofed. For this, bituminous mastic is used. It is laid in several layers, dried, then covered with sand to the surface of the soil.

The optimal foundation for a frame garage is monolithic. It will also serve as a subfloor, which can later be sheathed with the necessary material.

Frame assembly

The garage frame is made from carefully dried wood. For its arrangement you need:

Bars 100 * 100 mm, of which the main vertical racks and floor beams on the ceiling and floor are equipped.
40 mm boards required for arranging the truss system.
20 mm board from which the crate is created.
Floor boards. Their thickness starts from 40 mm.

The amount of materials for the manufacture of the frame depends on the planned dimensions of the building.

The roof can be single-pitched or double-pitched

The "skeleton" of the future garage is erected after the foundation has dried. The build process goes like this:

The foundation is waterproofed. To do this, use the usual roofing material, pasted on bituminous mastic. This procedure protects the wooden frame of the garage from rotting and high humidity.
Along the perimeter of the garage, bars of the lower trim with a thickness of 100 * 100 mm are laid. In the corners, they are connected using special dowels and notches.
Angular and intermediate posts are mounted on the lower trim. They are attached to the base with dowels. Additional structural strength is provided by metal corners fixed to the harness and racks with self-tapping screws. During installation, the distance between adjacent racks should be observed: it should not be less than two meters.
The top harness is installed. The bars are attached in a similar way, with the help of dowels and metal corners.
Intermediate racks and horizontal jumpers are mounted. When attaching them, it is worth focusing on the dimensions of the insulation mats: this will avoid laying additional crates. As fasteners, metal corners and self-tapping screws are used.

The floor coverings are made of a "magpie" board and mounted on an external harness. A floor board is laid on top.

When laying floor boards, cracks and cracks should be avoided.

Gate installation

Garage doors can be purchased ready-made or made independently, focusing on the size of the car. You need to know the dimensions of the structure in advance: you should leave room for the gate in the general frame of the garage. The standard sash width is 2.5 meters.

The frame of the gate is made of bars 100*100 mm. Additional rigidity is provided by transverse wooden planks. Hinges are screwed onto the vertical racks of the garage frame and gate, after which the door can be hung.

Sheathing the structure with corrugated board or similar material is carried out simultaneously with the finishing of the walls of the garage and after careful treatment with flame retardants and antiseptics.

The simplest swing design can be made independently

Installation of truss system and roof

The simplest version of the roof for a frame garage is a shed. This design is quite easy to install, inexpensive and durable.

The standard shed roof of a frame garage consists of several elements:

Rafter system. This is the base to which the rest of the elements will be attached. It also bears all the load on the roof.
Lathing fixed on the truss system. Represents the supporting surface on which the roofing will be installed.
insulating materials. Their function is to protect the premises from rain and snow, as well as to retain heat inside the garage.
Roof covering.

During the construction of the frame, one of the walls of the garage is made higher than the rest. This is required to ensure optimal roof pitch. As a rule, it does not exceed 25 degrees.

First of all, the truss system is equipped. For small garages designed for one car, a simplified design with horizontal beams laid along or across the garage space is suitable. From the point of view of economy, the most appropriate would be transverse placement: short beams can be laid.

The distance between the rafter beams should not exceed a meter. Otherwise, the structure will not be strong enough, and as a result it will deform. After installation on the frame base, the beams are fixed using metal corners and screws.

The next stage is the flooring of the crate. For this, a cut or unedged board, also called a shalyovka, is used. The second option is considered optimal: the material will cost much less, and after the final finishing it is quite difficult to distinguish it from the analogue.

If a shalyovka is used to create a crate, it must be cleaned of bark. The boards are laid on the rafter bars, perpendicular to them, and fastened with screws. In the process of work, it is necessary to ensure that there are no large gaps.

A layer of waterproofing is laid on top of the crate. It protects the garage from rain. As a waterproofing material, roofing material or roofing film (for example, a hydrobarrier) can be used.

The roofing material is laid from the bottom up, overlapping. The sheets should overlap each other by a few centimeters. Thanks to this, water that gets under the roofing will roll down from the roof and not penetrate onto the boards. The material is nailed to the crate with ordinary nails. The subroofing film is laid in the same way; stainless steel staples or nails are used for fastening.

The main stages are indicated

The final stage is the laying of the roofing. The choice of material is quite large:

Decking. Durable, weather resistant. One of the main advantages is the possibility of reuse.
Slate. Durable material with a service life of up to 40 years. Due to the high cost, its use is not always justified for finishing small garages.
Metal tile is a modern roof covering, more often used for finishing capital stone buildings.
Roll covers. Inexpensive materials, easy to install, durable and reliable. The average service life of roofing material is 12-15 years, which is offset by a small price.

Installation of roofing begins from the bottom row. Fastening occurs with the help of slate nails or screws. The sheets are overlapped, as a result, there will be four of them on one nail. A few more nails are nailed along the edges to prevent the slate from lifting in strong winds.

Warming and lining

Before carrying out work on the final sheathing of the frame garage, the wooden frame must be treated with antiseptics and fire retardants. After that, you can proceed with the installation.

The outer skin of a frame garage is most often performed using a metal profile. It is a strong and durable material, resistant to fire and weather factors. For wall cladding, a metal profile is suitable, in the marking of which there are letters C or PS.

Profile sheets are attached to the frame using special hexagonal self-tapping screws. The work is as follows:

A sheet of metal profile is applied to the corner post, aligned with the construction plumb line.
Self-tapping screws are screwed into the lower wave of the corrugated board. This is necessary for the initial fixation of the material.
The second sheet is laid. The overlap should be one wave. After that, both products are fastened together with self-tapping screws to the frame. For each square meter, 5-6 self-tapping screws are required.
If necessary, the metal profile can be cut with a jigsaw or scissors for cutting metal. Do not use a grinder or similar devices: the polymer surface of the sheets burns, which leads to corrosion and a decrease in the useful properties of the material.

The same metal profile sheets marked H or PC can be used as roofing. Installation is carried out from the bottom up, overlapping the wave, for fastening, hexagonal self-tapping screws with sealing washers are used.

If desired, the frame garage can be insulated. To do this, you can take stone wool, made in the form of a kind of mats. The warming process takes place in stages:

A windproof film is attached to the inside of the walls.
Mats are placed in the free space between the posts.
From above, the insulation is sheathed with boards or sheet iron.

Standard insulation and metal profiles can be replaced with ready-made sandwich panels. These are prefabricated structures, consisting of a profiled coating on one side, a flat metal sheet on the other, and an insulating layer between them.

Video: Construction of a frame garage

Using the above rules, you can build a frame garage with your own hands. This will not require large expenditures of finance, effort and time. It is enough to determine in advance the size and materials of the building.

A car for many people is more than just a means of transportation. This is one of the best friends in life, who constantly needs careful care and the most gentle care. The first thing you need to pay attention to after buying a car is its storage, that is, the construction of a motorhome. In the not distant past, it was not an easy task to build a shelter for a car with your own hands. Nowadays, thanks to new frame technologies, you can independently build a garage, which can be built in a short time.

Frame technology for building a garage

Sometimes our capabilities do not coincide with our desires, and we have to abandon the intended type of garage in favor of simple structures. However, it is worth remembering that awnings, awnings, flimsy outbuildings that threaten to bury movable property under them are not the best solution to the problem. But to build a shelter for a garage using frame technology, you don’t need a lot of mind.

The construction of a frame garage does not require special skills from the developer, it takes a minimum of material, and such a structure will serve no worse than a monolithic building and no less. Moreover, you can build a frame garage without involving heavy construction technology.

In order for the frame garage to be durable, pay attention to the following:

Build a solid garage so that it does not depend on the external environment.
The design should be simple so that the owner can independently repair.
The cost of building a garage does not have to be large.
Worry about the low heat output of the garage.

Benefits of a frame garage

Frame technologies in construction have been used for a long time, their practicality and effectiveness have been proven by a huge number of houses that have been built around the world. Many in our time are building not only frame houses, but also frame garages. The design is most often made of wood, so it does not require complex foundations. However, at the same time, it can compete with metal and foam block buildings.

There are many advantages to a frame garage. Any car owner can build a garage with their own hands. One of the advantages of such a shelter is the maximum speed and simplicity of the construction process. Various parts of the structure are assembled using bolts and self-tapping screws, so work can be done in any season.

Enough forces of two assemblers who will complete the construction of a frame garage in a few weeks. You do not need to rent construction equipment and, accordingly, you do not need to spend time on drawing up such contracts. There will be no construction debris on the construction site, so you can not worry about the clutter of the territory.

Construction of a frame garage

Before starting work, you need to draw up a draft frame garage, that is, determine the order of collection and calculate the amount of material, as well as inquire about the price of building a garage. By the way, by choosing this construction technology, it will be possible to save. The next thing you need is to find a platform measuring 10 by 10 meters. The building plan can be purchased from professional workers or found on the Internet. Let's talk about this in more detail.

Project documentation

An important document according to which all work related to the construction of a frame garage is carried out is a working draft. It includes the following drawings:

draft architectural plan and 3D model;
plan of the foundation slab of the frame garage;
situational plan with reference to existing buildings on the site and the creation of elevations;
basement plan of a frame garage;
layout of frame elements;
rafter layout;
drawings of rafters, trusses and other roof elements;
roofing design;
drainage system plan;
explanatory note of the project indicating the technical characteristics, construction technology, description of structures and building materials.

Choosing a place for a garage

Before construction begins, select a place for the construction of a garage so that there are no problems with leaving the car from the garage. If you have a private house and there is a platform 10 by 10 meters near it, then you are in luck. Clean the selected area from debris and foreign objects, level, tamp and remove vegetation from it.

Depending on the dimensions of the car, a garage of a certain size is built accordingly. At the same time, you need to know that the technology for building a garage should be such that it turns out to be spacious, you should not build a shelter for a specific car, because cars can change, and a garage is built for many years. It is better to immediately make a huge building with a large opening.

Frame garage foundation

Frame garages are not too demanding on the quality of the foundation, like monolithic structures. The most important condition is to provide a level ground. Well-compacted gravel, an asphalt path, as well as a concrete coating are suitable as a base.

The foundation provides the strength of the garage. The choice of the type of foundation depends on the shelter scheme for the car, on the soil and on the cash costs. In the photo of the construction of the garage, you can see the foundation, which is made as a solid concrete slab, which is also a floor that can be finished with your favorite material.

Solid concrete slabs are one of the varieties of "floating" bases that perceive loads over the entire area, because of this there will be no deformation of the structure. A not very deep trench is dug around the entire perimeter, then formwork is placed. You need to know that the formwork is placed on three sides.

You should take high-quality concrete, which should be poured into the formwork. For better strength, you can install monolithic stiffeners with two reinforced meshes. The resulting foundation is left for 3 weeks.

Plinth for frame garage

Typically, the foundation slab concrete acquires strength characteristics after three weeks. We turn to the basement - we will lay concrete blocks 20 by 20 by 40 centimeters along the entire perimeter of the building on the cement mortar. This is a basement, then a wall is placed on it, after which you need to deal with the waterproofing process. To do this, stick hydrostekloizol on the base.

Garage wall frame

Next, we are engaged in the device of frame walls. The "skeleton" of the future garage can be made of different materials. But most often choose metal or wood. A wooden base is the cheapest, but far from the best solution. Its main disadvantage is flammability.

Metal is a more durable and refractory material. Bearing structures made of a metal profile are more durable, their connections are not just bolted together, but welded, which is more reliable. A frame garage of this kind will withstand any onslaught of bad weather, and your car will be well protected.

But back to building a frame for shelter. To do this, we install a starting beam on an insulated base, which acts as the basis for the walls that will be installed in the future. With the help of self-expanding anchors with a step of 1-1.5 meters, the beam is attached to concrete. A very important point in attaching the timber to the foundation and the basement of the garage is careful control, since it will be difficult to correct the shortcomings if they arise.

Further, in accordance with the working draft, after installing the beam, we install the remaining elements of the frame walls, install racks, diagonal ties, lintels and the upper strapping beam. Frame elements are fastened together with self-tapping screws 70-90 mm.
The area where the entrance will be must have reinforced elements to withstand the weight of the gate structure. A reinforced beam must be installed on each of the garage door openings. Before installation, wooden structures are treated with bioprotective compounds and flame retardants.

Garage wall cladding

After mounting the walls from the outside, they are sheathed with OSB-3 boards. Next, insulation is laid between the frame elements. You can lay mineral wool insulation or polystyrene foam boards. For outer cladding, class “C” lining is most often used; a windproof layer is installed on it, which consists of dense glassine and vertical beams 25x30.

As a rule, during installation, the recommended pitch of the vertical bars is 30 cm. It is customary to treat wooden parts with an antiseptic during operation. After that, we perform the lining of the inner wall. The internal insulation of the garage consists of mineral wool or cheap lining. Outside, the cladding is made of siding. Double-glazed windows are installed in the provided openings.

Roof on frame technology

Now we move on to such a rather important stage as the arrangement of the roof. You need boards 100x25, which you will sheathe with corrugated roofing material. The roof device includes such technological stages as the arrangement of the truss system, the creation of a vapor barrier layer, the installation of a heat insulator (mineral wool boards), the equipment of a waterproofing layer and covering with roofing material.

Roof requirements are standard. It must be reliable and easy to maintain. Domestic realities with snowy winters require sufficient strength of the roof, which will withstand the weight of the snow cover and the person that dumps this snow. The roofing material for the garage roof is slate, corrugated board, ondulin, metal tiles, soft or flexible tiles, the remains of the roofing materials of a residential building. The main condition for the long service life of the roof is the conscientious installation.

Now often for the arrangement of the roof, metal tiles or corrugated board are most often used. It is not necessary to customize these sheets; large dimensions significantly speed up the work. Fix materials using simple electrical tools.

One of the main elements of the roof is the spillway, which is made of a plastic sewer pipe cut into two. To prevent rust, it is necessary to provide him with polymer protection. Since winters are quite snowy in our latitude, install roof snow guards around the perimeter on the roof, which prevent spontaneous ice and snow from falling off the roof, which can damage the car.

frame garage door

For frame garages, there are gates with different designs - sectional, sliding, retractable, but usually when building a shelter for a car, swing gates are installed on their own. They are reliable, lightweight and easy to manufacture. The size of the gate will depend on the dimensions of the car, the standard size is 2.5 meters.

For the manufacture of internal and external gate frames, a metal corner (65 mm) is needed, which must be fastened together with metal strips. If you plan to use the top of the frame as a jumper, then you need to completely sew it up with metal.

The sash frame is made from a metal profile. When the frame is assembled, it must be sheathed with sheet steel 3 mm thick. Usually, metal pins inserted into the tubes are used, which in the future will serve as bolts, as well as a bolt, you can create a mechanism on the principle of a milk can. In order to provide protection against corrosion, it is necessary to process the metal with a file and sandpaper, cover with drying oil, and then paint.

Frame garage communications

In the garage, operational amenities and microclimate are provided by power supply, ventilation and heating systems. Spend all these communications in the garage. Install natural ventilation, which will free the room from exhaust gases and provide fresh air in the garage, for this, leave holes in two opposite walls, covering them with a grate.

Often, the project provides for electric heating in the garage using electric convectors. These devices are relatively inexpensive, installation is very simple. However, a large consumption of electricity, and its cost is quite significant. Therefore, choose a cheaper option in operation - bring heating from your house, which is located next to the garage.

In special channels, mount the wiring inside the walls. Install the RCD, the required number of sockets and lighting fixtures. It is advisable to provide natural lighting in the garage - for this, install four windows that have dimensions of 1100x500. For mounting the facade of a frame garage, corrugated sheets are most often used. Siding may need additional crate. From the inside, lay a layer of insulation and sew up with eurolining.

You have almost solved the problem of how to build a frame garage, now think about the interior arrangement and read our next article. The ceiling can be sheathed with clapboard, one layer of paper and insulation is laid on top of it. A board 25 mm thick is laid on the attic floor and a ladder is installed.

So the construction work on the construction of a wooden frame garage has ended. To consolidate theoretical knowledge, it is worth watching a video about building a garage. Now you are a happy owner of a house that will protect your car in any weather and create comfortable conditions for repairs and technical inspection.

Where do motorists hide their iron horses from bad weather? The answer to this question is simple. Of course, in the garage! It is dry and warm, and the tool is at hand. But how to build it yourself, with minimal investment and maximum quality, is a question of interest to many car owners. For this, there is a frame garage. Its construction does not cause difficulties, does not require excessive financial costs.

Advantages and disadvantages of a frame garage

First of all, it is necessary to note the advantages of a frame garage. The main advantage is its cost. Despite the fact that this building does not require large financial costs, good quality and durability are ensured. This is another positive. In this house, the "iron horse" will be dry, cozy and warm. And you can make a frame garage with your own hands.

Another undoubted advantage of this structure is that its construction does not require the involvement of additional forces, i.e. specialists. You can handle the building yourself. And it won't take long to work.

The only disadvantage of the frame-panel structure is that its main material is wood. And it, as you know, passes both moisture and cold. Therefore, a frame house for a car needs to be well waterproofed and insulated.

Photo gallery: frame-panel garages

Finished frame garage Frame garage under construction Frame garage under assembly

Drawing up a detailed project: diagram, drawing, plan

Before starting work, you need to prepare some documents. Without them, construction will be very difficult. These are plans, drawings and explanatory notes. All calculations and measurements are outlined in them.

By preparing the necessary sketches, you will significantly reduce the time needed to build a garage. But not every motorist can boast of the skills of a draftsman and artist. Therefore, in order to thoroughly prepare, you need to either contact a professional or find information in an open source.

Do-it-yourself frame garage: step by step instructions

All work takes place in several stages. Each of them is very important for obtaining a quality result, so none of them should be missed.

Site selection for construction

This stage must be taken responsibly. The wrong choice of the location of the garage can lead to unpleasant consequences. To do this, you need to take into account several factors:

when choosing a place, think carefully about the entrance to it by your car;
you should not build a garage for a specific car (you need to think in advance how many cars you can fit in the built garage if you wish);
the site must be carefully prepared: remove all debris and vegetation, level and compact the ground.

How much material is needed

After all the paperwork has been completed, it is necessary to purchase the required materials and tools that will be needed for construction.

And the question immediately arises: which frame is better to choose? Metal or wooden. Wooden will cost less, besides, it is environmentally friendly and easy to process. Metal will be more expensive, but it is more durable. Everything here is individual, at the discretion of the owner.

In addition to the material for the frame, you should also buy a large number of bars for walls (section 100x100, 100x50 cm). They can be made of linden, aspen or larch.

You will need concrete mortar in order to fill the foundation. Still need to prepare:

a hammer;
shovel;
level;
gloves;
formwork (boards for it).

This is the bare minimum to get you started.

Photo gallery: metal and wooden frames for the garage

A garage frame made of a metal profile will cost more. The material for the frame must be chosen taking into account your own capabilities. A garage frame made of wood is lighter and easier to use.

Do-it-yourself foundation building technology

The foundation in this design must be very strong. There are 3 options to choose from:

Columnar (pile) is not very convenient due to the fact that lighter structures are usually installed on it. Such a foundation is more suitable for building a bathhouse or gazebo.
A monolithic slab will be ideal for building a frame garage. When pouring it, do not forget about the mandatory reinforcement and installation of the floor screed. The disadvantage of this option is that the concrete hardens very slowly, which sometimes has to wait a whole month. And you can continue further actions only when everything is completely dry.
Tape. This type is the most profitable. It is cheaper than a plate, and installation is not so long.

Step-by-step instructions for erecting a strip foundation

The process takes place in several stages:

During the execution of the last stage of work, several rules must be followed:

it must be done at the same time;
pierce it with fittings to remove excess air from the mixture or work through the solution with a vibrator specially designed for this;
cover everything with polyethylene;
moisten the surface for several days in a row by pouring water on it;
grind the plane;
cover the foundation with roofing felt for waterproofing.

Photo gallery: the process of creating a strip foundation

Foundation construction Formwork and reinforcement The process of pouring strip foundations with concrete

Floor installation

The area for the future floor should be covered with a thin layer of gravel. Lay a reinforcing mesh on top and pour concrete. When it hardens, lay the roofing material, put the bars and nail the flooring to them. This is how a simple wooden floor is made. But he may be different.

If the foundation was mounted on piles, then the floor laying technology does not require backfilling with a layer of gravel. It is enough just to lay wooden boards, which in the future will be slightly strengthened.

At this stage, you need to think over and make a viewing hole and a cellar, if necessary.

Photo gallery: types of flooring

Bright garage floor made of PVC slabs Floor in the garage made of ceramic tiles Self-leveling floor in the garage Concrete floor in the garage can not be covered with wooden boards, but simply painted Simple concrete floor without additional finishing Wooden floor is a budget option for a garage

Construction of a frame made of metal or wood

This structure can be built on the basis of a metal or wooden frame. Let's consider both options.

Metal frame from a profile pipe

The metal frame is characterized by high strength: it is resistant to fire and mechanical damage, but much more expensive than wood. Only now it is necessary to work with him for someone who knows how to use a special tool, for example, a grinder, welding, a drill. In order to make a frame garage from a pipe with your own hands, you will need rolled metal or a bent metal profile, for further sheathing with standard steel or profiled sheets, respectively.

The lower part of the frame is attached to the foundation with anchors and welding. You can also use self-tapping screws, but such a mount will be less reliable. Next, racks should be installed in the corners. To the lower part of the frame and anchors, attach the profiles with the corners outward and weld. Then you need to assemble the upper part of the "skeleton" and connect it to the supports. And finally, weld additional vertical posts and horizontal ribs around the perimeter.

It is imperative to take care of the profile above the place where the gate will be, otherwise the installation of garage doors will become problematic in the future.

The choice of roof at the discretion of the owner. It can be single, double or flat.

The frame for the garage can also be purchased ready-made. It is much more profitable, and the installation will be faster.

Advantages and disadvantages of a wooden frame house for a car

A frame made of bars will cost less than a metal one. It is built in the same way: the lower part is built, vertical and intermediate racks, top, etc. But, unlike a metal frame, you should not save on material here. It is better to buy a quality bar.

When working with wood, it is allowed to use self-tapping screws and nails (except for the junction of the foundation and the lower part of the frame, leave the anchor here.). The gaps between the racks should be from 30 to 120 centimeters.

Sheathing and insulation

Steel or profiled sheets will come in handy for sheathing a metal frame. They are spot welded to the vertical posts, and when all the walls are closed, the joints of the sheets must be processed by welding.

The second sheathing method can be used for both metal and wooden structures. Self-tapping screws must be attached to the profile and screwed into the frame, be sure to fix it with washers. The sheets are laid out overlapping from top to bottom so that water does not get inside the garage structure.

Isoplaat slabs are perfect for exterior cladding of a building. OSB boards are another good material for exterior decoration.

It is imperative to insulate the frame garage, since low temperatures can harm the car. Mineral wool, glass wool, polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam, reflective thermal insulation and other materials will serve as materials for this. They are rolled, tiled and sprayed. Each has its own installation technology and manufacturer's recommendations.

Photo gallery: insulation options

Glass wool - a budget option for insulation Expanded polystyrene is characterized by resistance to fire
This type of insulation will keep you cool in hot summers.

Video: how to build a garage yourself in just 132 hours

A frame garage is not only one of the cheapest ways to build, but also the fastest. You can mount it yourself, and, arranging gatherings with friends, tell them that you did everything yourself from the foundation to the roof. This is truly a worthwhile investment.

In the conditions of Russian climatic zones, a garage for a car is not a luxury, but a necessity. Humidity and temperature fluctuations primarily affect the paintwork of the machine. A simple solution to this problem will be a do-it-yourself frame garage.

In addition, unlike the construction of a brick garage, the construction of such a structure will cost a very budget.

Frame garages are especially popular with car owners who spend most of the year in the country.

Construction technologies do not stand still - there are more and more new materials that simplify the work of craftsmen. So large and small buildings, which are based on a wooden or metal frame, began to be in great demand.

What are the advantages of a frame technology garage over a capital one:

— speed construction cannot be compared with traditional brickwork or monolith
— simplicity installation - having an accurate drawing available, even an inexperienced builder will cope with the construction
— low thermal conductivity- high-quality insulation will ensure a comfortable temperature inside
— durability and lightness- a framed shield garage does not have a significant mass, so a complex foundation is not needed for its construction
— price- The cost of such structures is very low. In addition, if you decide to build a frame garage with your own hands, you will not have to bear the additional costs of paying employees.

IMPORTANT: Not only wood parts, but also metal pipes can serve as the basis for the frame.

How to build a budget frame garage. Step-by-step instruction

Construction on frame technology involves several stages:

- preparatory
- fill
- building walls
- device
- insulation inside and out
- installation of garage doors

Preparatory stage

At this stage, it is necessary to choose a place for a prefabricated garage, decide on a project and purchase the necessary building materials and equipment.

Open spaces with smooth terrain are best suited for building a garage. When studying projects, pay attention to the size of the future building - 5x8 or 7x10 - the choice depends on the available area on the site.

THIS IS IMPORTANT: You need to equip a short and free entrance to the garage gate in a private house. Also, the drawings differ in the type of roof. The garage can be made both with a pitched roof and with a gable roof.

For the "skeleton" of the building, it is preferable to use a wooden beam or guides from a profile pipe.

Foundation pouring

At the beginning, a 10 * 10 place should be marked for the future garage with pegs and twine. Along the perimeter of this zone, an even layer of turf is removed from the surface of the earth, and all vegetation is removed. The site is carefully leveled and compacted. Then the surface is covered with gravel or a mixture of sand + gravel and processed with a vibrating plate.

IMPORTANT: You can also compact the soil manually using a wide board or a piece of plywood.

The next step in the construction of the foundation is the choice of its type. In order to build a light frame garage, one of the options is suitable:

Columnar

Monolithic foundation the most reliable of all, but also more time-consuming and expensive, unlike columnar and tape. In order to get a high-quality and durable slab for a frame garage, you will need competent reinforcement of the base. In addition, the monolithic foundation dries for a rather long time: the final solidification occurs in about a month.

Column Foundation usually erected for outbuildings such as baths and sheds, since these structures are lighter in weight. If necessary, you can adapt the columnar foundation for the construction of a garage.

Strip foundation- this is the most suitable basis for building a frame garage. Filling it with your own hands will not be difficult.

THIS IS IMPORTANT: Before starting work on the foundation of any type, study the instructions, photo and video materials and strictly follow the rules.

How to make a strip foundation for a frame garage?

For marking work, you will need the following tools: a building level, a laser rangefinder, a plumb line, a joiner's square, nylon twine, stakes.

We start marking from one of the corners of the future garage. We measure the distances in accordance with the drawing laid down in the frame garage project.

We drive in a peg and align it with a plumb line. In the opposite corner we drive in the second peg. We stretch the nylon twine between them. Next, with the help of a square, we find an angle of 90 degrees and under it we pull the twine to the third and fourth peg. Having completed the strapping, we check all the corners - they must be straight (90 degrees).

Then you need to dig a trench for pouring the foundation. The recommended laying depth is not more than 50 cm. The sides of the channel are leveled with a bayonet shovel, the bottom is carefully compacted.

IMPORTANT: Start laying the foundation in sunny weather. Wet soil can crumble, and you have to redo the work.

Next, formwork preparation begins. From the boards and pieces of plywood, the main structure is knocked down or assembled using self-tapping screws and lowered into the trench. The walls of the formwork must be in close contact with the walls of the dug channel. The bottom is covered with sand or a mixture of sand and gravel. Further, a metal frame of reinforcement is lowered into the trench.

Prepared cement is carefully poured into the formwork. To release possible air bubbles, it is necessary to pierce the uncured concrete in several places with a reinforcement bar.

Then a layer of polyethylene film is laid on the concrete. This will help prevent cracking of the surface.

IMPORTANT: The first days you should water the foundation with water. So he will be stronger.

After the final hardening, the surface of the foundation is waterproofed with roofing material.

How to make a frame garage. Walling

The basis of the garage is formed from a wooden beam or a metal profile. At this stage, you need to purchase:

- timber 100 * 100 for strapping and racks
- boards of at least 4 cm for assembling the truss system
- a board of at least 2 cm to complete the crate
- boards for laying the floor at least 4 cm thick

Before use, the entire tree is treated with antiseptic and fire retardant compounds, and also dried well in the shade.

Installation of the wall frame begins with the execution of the bottom. To do this, a beam of 100 * 100 mm is laid along the inner perimeter of the future building. Then all the parts are connected at the corners with dowels and a notch.

Then the top harness is formed from the timber. Intermediate racks and jumpers are fixed with a corner and self-tapping screws.

The floor covering is assembled at the very last moment. Prepared 40 mm boards are attached to the bottom trim and the subfloor is ready.

How a frame garage roof is built. Types and step by step instructions

The simplest types of frame garage roofs are single-pitched and gable. For self-assembly, experts recommend building a frame shed garage. Such a roof is not only easier to build, but also cheap. In addition, a shed roof has a higher strength.

When installing the roof, the following steps are performed:

- preparation and installation of the truss system
- framing assembly
- laying
- laying roofing material

truss system- this is the so-called "skeleton" of the roof. It takes on the entire load, starting with the mass of the roofing and ending with the weight of the snow layer in winter. The construction of the truss system is the most important stage in the construction of the roof. The time that a frame garage made of timber will serve you depends on the quality of the assembly of the structure.

Roof support. It will be covered with waterproofing and the material of the outer covering of the roof. To assemble the crate, it is allowed to use both edged and non-edged boards.

Insulation- a layer of material that prevents moisture from entering the garage.

roofing material- laid on top of the insulation. An inexpensive frame garage is usually covered with corrugated board, ondulin or shingles.

Roof installation begins with the assembly of rafters.

IMPORTANT: When calculating the number of beams, remember that the distance between them should not exceed 1 meter.

Shed garage

In the case of a shed roof, they are laid across the frame, this will save time during installation. After laying, the beams are attached to the base with corners with self-tapping screws or with nails.

Then the assembly of the crate begins. If an unedged board is used, then it should be cleaned of bark residues. After preparing the boards, the battens are laid across the rafters and fixed with self-tapping screws. No cracks or gaps should form between the elements of the crate.

A layer of waterproofing material is laid on top of the crate on the frame garage. Traditionally used roofing material, or a special film.

When waterproofing with roofing material, the layers of material overlap each other. The overlap should be at least 3-4 cm. Then the material is nailed to the boards of the crate.

The waterproofing film is fixed with a construction stapler with staples.

After the insulation layer, the final coating is installed. Each of the options has its own rules for installation and operation. When laying, follow the recommendations of the manufacturer of the selected roofing material.

double garage

It is more difficult to mount such a roof, but by choosing its owners they get additional storage space - an attic. The total price of a garage will increase by about 30 percent compared to the price of a single-slope garage. The gable truss system is easiest to assemble on the ground, and then lift the finished trusses to the top trim and fasten.

We are building a wooden floor in a frame garage. Arrangement of the floor in the garage is carried out after the installation of the roof. So it will not be damaged by precipitation.

Traditionally, builders recommend using a non-grooved board for the floor. It forms natural gaps, due to which, under the influence of humidity and temperature changes, the floor is not deformed. To fix the floorboard on the logs, self-tapping screws or nails are used.