Methods for preparing seeds before sowing. Country advice with Galina Staroseltseva Salt solution for seedlings

Do-it-yourself vegetables are the most healthy and environmentally friendly, because you know exactly what fertilizers were used, how often they were applied. Proper Care per horticultural crops starts with planting good seedlings. Buy ready-made seedlings, or grow your own - the choice is yours. If the seeds are not of high quality, then wait good harvest and delicious fruits not worth it. There is no guarantee that seedlings sold on the market have been grown correctly.

The need for pre-sowing preparation

Experienced gardeners know many ways to treat tomato seeds before planting, and apply them consciously. Novice gardeners consult with all their neighbors, receive a lot of recommendations and try to apply all the knowledge gained at once. If the processing of tomato seeds before planting seedlings is done thoughtlessly, then instead of friendly seedling shoots and a bountiful harvest, you can get exactly the opposite results. Try growing tomato seedlings from seeds yourself. You can apply various methods seed preparation by sowing them in separate containers to determine the most effective method.

Seed selection

In order not to be disappointed with the result and not waste your time and energy, you need to responsibly approach the choice of tomato seeds. Select seed tomato based on climatic conditions, and the method of growing tomatoes: in a greenhouse or open ground.

Varieties of tomato seed treatment

All methods of processing tomato seeds before sowing seedlings can be divided into three groups:

seed disinfection. Chemical processing seed for the destruction of spores of a pathogenic fungus inside the seed and on its surface;
Awakening. Used to increase the germination of old seeds;
Immunity boost. It is used for seeds collected from weakened plants.

Tomato seeds from trusted manufacturers with a valid expiration date do not need additional processing before sowing for seedlings: the manufacturer has performed all the necessary manipulations, such products can be sown for seedlings without preparation.

Attention! Expired seeds collected from weak or diseased plants must be pretreated before planting.

The main stages of seed preparation

To get friendly shoots and strong seedlings you need to properly prepare tomato seeds for planting:

Seed calibration (primarily);
Germination control;
Seed disinfection;
Hardening and awakening;
Stimulation;
Soak;
Germination.

Calibration

Processing tomato seeds before planting seedlings begins with a visual inspection.

Remove damaged, deformed and small seeds.

Prepare a saline solution: 10 g of food should be dissolved in a glass of water. table salt, stirring thoroughly until the crystals are completely dissolved. Dip the tomato seeds in the saline solution and leave for 2-3 minutes.

Tomato seeds that have sunk to the bottom are suitable for further processing. It is not advisable to use light seeds remaining on the surface; most likely, they have dried up, have a low supply of nutrients, their germination is in doubt.

Germination control

Tomato seeds that have passed the rejection should be checked for germination. It is necessary to select a dozen seeds, soak them in warm water and leave for a day. If you see that the seeds are swollen, drain the water and wrap them in damp gauze, cotton, or natural cloth. Keep the control sample at + 25 ˚ C for seven days. Make sure that the fabric does not dry out. After a week, count the number of sprouted tomato seeds. If sprouted up to 50% - this indicates a low germination of seeds. Such material is usually not allowed for further processing. But if this is a rare tomato variety that is passed from hand to hand, then you can try to stimulate these seeds too, using all the processing methods. Experimental samples should be sown for seedlings in a separate container under constant supervision and with more thorough care. If from 50 to 100% of the seeds have germinated - this indicates a high germination rate, feel free to let the seeds in for further processing.

Disinfection

It is possible to judge the quality of tomato seeds purchased on the market or taken from friends only from the words of the breeder, who will assure that the material was collected from the most productive and healthy bushes. You should not recklessly trust someone else's opinion: disinfect the seed, this simple and inexpensive action will help protect tomato seedlings from diseases:

bubbling

Bubbling is used in industrial seed treatment. A tube from the compressor is lowered into the container with water and air is supplied. You can add fungicides and a complex of trace elements to the water. During normal soaking, the seeds lie at the bottom of the container, and during bubbling, as a result of constant water seething, the area of impact on the seed increases, which reduces the soaking time from several days to several hours. At home, bubbling is impractical, it is enough to soak the tomato seeds and change the water often, the effect will be approximately the same.

seed hardening

In nature, plant seeds overwinter under the snow, are several months in conditions low temperatures. To create conditions close to natural, stratification should be carried out. The prepared tomato seed material is laid out between two layers of wet gauze and kept at a low positive temperature with moderate ventilation. Instead of gauze, you can use clean river sand or sphagnum moss, which also has bactericidal properties.

Advice! If there is no time to carry out a long stratification, it is allowed accelerated process, by placing tomato seeds wrapped in a damp cloth overnight on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator, in the cellar or on the window, where the temperature is about 0 ˚С.

Stimulation

Store-bought tomato seeds with a sufficient shelf life do not need this step. If you do not have the time and desire to engage in long and painstaking seed treatment before sowing seedlings, you should pay attention to seeds in a nutritious shell. Some manufacturers produce dragee seeds. Each seed is wrapped in a mixture of nutrients that dissolve when sown and serve as the first fertilizer. young plant.

Soak

To give the seeds a boost to germination, you can soak them for an hour in a solution of the stimulant "Epin", "Zircon" or "Immunocytophyte". Adherents of organic farming use aloe juice.

Attention! Before placing tomato seeds in a stimulant solution, they should be soaked for 2/3 days in melt water.

All of the above actions should be carried out with seeds of unknown origin. Seeds purchased from well-known manufacturers do not need pre-treatment. These actions help awaken the tomato seeds, helping them to germinate. Therefore, it makes sense to use these methods if you have doubts about the freshness of the seed.

soil preparation

Calculate the processing time for tomato seeds in such a way as to sow them for seedlings in late February - early March. The soil for seedlings is suitable for universal, or the one on the packaging of which it is indicated: for growing tomatoes. You can prepare the soil yourself:

Seeding tank

It is very convenient to sow tomato seeds for seedlings in plastic cassettes: they are light, easy to wash, and can be cut into separate modules. Sowing in disposable cups or sour cream jars, cut milk bags, or other containers is also acceptable (there must be drainage holes in the bottom of the container).

Seeding rules

Pour expanded clay or small pebbles at the bottom of the container, place soil on top, but it is not necessary to compact it strongly, the earth should have a light structure. In the center of the pot, make a recess no more than 2 cm and put a seed there. Sprinkle with earth and water the soil from the sprayer. Cover the pot with foil and put in a warm place. In about a week, the first shoots will appear.

seedling care

After germination, care for tomato seedlings consists in observing temperature and light conditions. It is necessary to rotate the containers with seedlings twice a week for uniform illumination, otherwise the seedlings will stretch towards the light source. If the seedlings are disproportionately tall and the stem is thin, you need to apply a source additional lighting. On sale there are special lamps, the light of which is similar to natural. In extreme cases, you can illuminate tomato seedlings with an ordinary fluorescent lamp.

Humidity is of particular importance. Avoid over watering, plants can become sick or die. The soil should be moist and well-drained. If you sowed tomatoes in a common box, then after the appearance of two true leaves, it must be dived, that is, planted in separate pots. Be careful, the roots of a young plant are fragile and easily damaged. If sowing was carried out immediately in separate pots, it is not necessary to dive seedlings. Highly fertile land in seedling pots will provide seedlings with the necessary nutrients. When the seedlings get stronger, you can sprinkle the ground around the seedlings with wood ash. Make sure that the ashes do not fall on the stems and leaves. If seedlings do not develop well, they can be fertilized complex fertilizer. Follow the dosage on the package - an excess of fertilizer for tomatoes is more dangerous than their slight deficiency.

Landing in the ground

Depending on the variety of tomato and climatic conditions, following the recommendations of the seed manufacturer, seedlings should be planted in open ground or a greenhouse. This procedure is standard, it does not require special knowledge and skills. Further care consists in watering, weeding, prevention of diseases and pests, fertilizing plants.

The choice of high-quality seeds, their proper preparation for sowing and seedling care is the key to plant health and a high yield:

Types of processing - description and instructions

Disinfection

most reliable and A proven way to disinfect tomato seeds is to soak them in hydrogen peroxide. For this, a 10% solution is taken, and the seeds are lowered there for a third of an hour. The weight of the inoculum and the weight of the hydrogen solution must be the same.

You can place the seeds in a weaker solution - 0.4%. But then the soaking time increases to a day.

More than one study has shown that a similar procedure reduces the level of nitrates in tomatoes. After this treatment, the seeds are washed under running water and dried.

From the video you will learn how to properly treat tomato seeds with hydrogen peroxide:

Awakening

This procedure will help speed up the germination of seeds.

To do this, the inoculum is placed in a multilayer gauze and tied up.
Gauze is dipped into a container with clean water for half a day.
However, the water must be changed every four hours.
Immediately after manipulation, the treated seeds are dried and planted in prepared soil. It is important not to allow the seed to dry out again, otherwise it will be spoiled.

Immunity Boost

Such a procedure is not necessary for all seeds, but only for those that were collected from weakened adult plants. For this seeds are placed in growth stimulants for the time indicated in the instructions.

Reference! Fresh and healthy seeds do not need such treatment.

How to properly prepare seed material for sowing - a description of the methods

Any "help" to plants should be in moderation. Do not resort to all types of processing at the same time. So you only harm the culture. In addition, if the seeds are healthy, they do not need to be processed at all. The harvest will be high anyway, subject to the elementary rules for growing.

Etching with "potassium permanganate"

This method of disinfection is considered the simplest, but at the same time effective. Again, only seeds obtained from infected adult crops, or those made by a dubious manufacturer, need processing.

To do this, the seeds are soaked for a quarter of an hour in a 1% solution. It is important that the treatment does not take longer than 20 minutes.
After soaking, the seed must be washed and dried.

If healthy seeds are soaked, this procedure can only worsen their condition, because it kills the entire immune system.

We offer you to watch a video about soaking tomato seeds in potassium permanganate:

warming up

This method is another type of disinfection. But such manipulation must be carried out with extreme caution. The heating temperature should not be higher than 40 degrees Celsius, which is very difficult to achieve. Therefore, experienced vegetable growers recommend turning to the old proven "potassium permanganate". Some people think that just putting the seeds on a heating device is enough. But this is not so, since such a procedure will only dry out the seed.

If you purchased seeds in a specialized store, then they have already gone through all the stages of processing and do not need home ones.

Saturation with microelements

This the procedure will help increase all the vital characteristics of future plants: resistance to weather conditions and diseases, productivity, storage time, taste.

In order to enrich the tomatoes with nutrients, you need to take a few spoons wood ash and stir it in two glasses clean water room temperature.
The resulting solution should be infused for two days.
And after that, the seeds are put in tincture for 3-4 hours.

As a container for the ash solution, you can not use metal.

Stratification

This procedure involves cooling the seeds in the refrigerator for several hours. But it is not always the case. Professional agronomists cool the seeds not for a couple of hours, but for three whole months. However, this manipulation is not suitable for tomatoes. It is best to find a middle ground by leaving the seeds in the cold for a period of 3 to 5 days. At the same time, the air temperature should remain at the level of 3 degrees Celsius.

Most of all, the sowing material that is planted is in need of stratification. in early spring. It is also necessary to cool old seeds to awaken them.

To carry out this procedure, the seed is placed in wet gauze, and it is placed in the vegetable section. You need to make sure that the gauze does not dry out. After 5 days, the material is removed from the refrigerator, and they are ready for planting.

Soak

Such manipulation is so familiar to agronomists that no one even thinks about whether there is a need for it. Seeds wrapped in gauze are soaked in warm water for several days, depending on the cultivar. After that, the seed material will germinate better and faster. The main thing is not to go too far with time: we are talking about preventing the sprouts from intertwining with each other.

The water temperature should be at the level of 22-25 degrees Celsius. Adjust the soaking time to the planting time, because immediately after this procedure, the seeds must be planted even without drying.

Important! Do not soak plants that have been treated chemicals during pre-sale preparation.

From the video you will learn how to properly soak tomato seeds in water:

Epin and other growth stimulants

This manipulation is necessary in order to increase the immunity of young seedlings. Most often, the following drugs are used for this: "Seedling", "Epin". The seed is immersed in the solution for a period of half an hour to an hour. (exact time specified in the instructions).

Such procedures will wake up the seeds and increase their resistance to diseases.

No need to overdo the seeds in the stimulator - this will only worsen the condition of the material.

Barbation

Such manipulation is extremely rarely addressed at home. However, it is very effective. The meaning of the procedure is to place the seeds in water enriched with oxygen. This is where an aquarium compressor comes in handy.

This method has the main advantage - the seed is awakened, but no chemicals are used.

Barbating is often used for rare seed varieties, which are no longer found on store shelves, and those that you have have long expired.

hardening

This procedure is somewhat similar to stratification.

To do this, the seeds are placed in a natural fabric, and then in a plastic bag.
Then the package is placed in a cold place for a day (or two).

Such manipulation will make the seed more resistant to ailments and vagaries of the weather. In addition, such seeds germinate a few days earlier.

Important! Immediately after hardening, the seeds must be planted in prepared soil.

You should not use all of the above processing methods at once. You just need to choose one or two of them. And sometimes the seed does not need any processing at all.

What is better to use from folk methods?

Aloe juice

Aloe juice is a folk growth stimulant. This solution has several advantages:

efficiency;
environmental friendliness;
cheapness.

To make juice, you need:

Cut a leaf from a plant.
Wrap in cheesecloth and place in the refrigerator (never in the freezer).
For a week of staying in the cold, the leaves will infuse, and biologically active substances are activated.
After seven days, the leaves are interrupted in a blender to the state of gruel.
After that, pure juice is squeezed out of the gruel, which is then diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 1.

This procedure is most necessary for old plants. Leave the seed in solution for a day.

Hydrogen peroxide

This the solution is necessary to stimulate the growth of the inoculum. It is prepared as follows:

40 ml of 3% peroxide is dissolved in 500 ml of pure water.
Tomato seeds are left in the tincture for 24 hours.

In baking soda

10 grams of soda is diluted in a liter of water.
Seeds are placed in the resulting solution for a day.

succinic acid

The tincture is good stimulant growth. To do this, 15 grams of acid are dissolved in a liter of pure water. room temperature. Soaking time - day.

Mustard

Such a solution helps to destroy the bacteria and microbes that exist in the seeds.

For one liter of water, you need to take mustard powder on the tip of a knife.
Leave the inoculum in the solution for 6 hours.
After the specified time, the seeds are dried without prior washing.

Seed treatment before planting is not at all a guarantee that the seed will sprout quickly and the seedlings will be healthy. Much also depends on the quality of the seeds. However, one of the processing procedures described above is still worth carrying out - this will only benefit your entire crop.

Seed treatment before planting is the key to healthy and strong plants. Most diseases are transmitted with seed, so it is necessary to properly prepare the seeds for sowing.

Consider in detail the methods of preparing seeds before sowing.

Before sowing, the seeds must be decontaminated, except for encrusted and coated seeds.

F1 hybrid seeds- undergo processing before hitting the counter in the store. Processing is carried out against pests and diseases. Hybrid seeds are completely ready for sowing. They are sown dry immediately into the ground or pre-treated with growth stimulants if desired.

Seed sorting before sowing

The collected seeds in your garden must be sorted out before sowing, leaving large and healthy ones. To select empty seeds, we need a solution of table salt (2 grams dissolved in 100 ml of water).

Dip the seeds in the solution, stir and after 10 minutes empty seeds will float to the surface, throw them away, they are not suitable. Rinse the remaining seeds running water and dry.

How to treat seeds?

Varietal seeds, purchased and collected in the garden, must be treated against diseases and pests. Flower seeds are also treated before sowing.

Video - We process seeds before sowing

The seeds are placed in a bag and dipped in a thermos with hot water for 20-30 minutes. Then immediately rinse cold water within 1 minute. Follow the regime heat treatment otherwise most of the seeds will become unusable.

The temperature and processing time are indicated in the table.

Attention: during the heat treatment of seeds, about 30% may lose their germination. Everything is in order, non-viable seeds die.

To combat viral diseases, soak the seeds in a weak solution of Immunocytophyte (1 tablet per 100 ml of water) for 3 to 12 hours. You can also hold in Fitosporin solution according to the instructions.

A solution of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) works well. To do this, the seeds are preheated in hot water(45-50 degrees) for 2 hours. It is better to use a thermos for this procedure. After warming up, place the seeds for 30 minutes in a weak solution of potassium permanganate (1-2% solution).

For crops such as onion, radish, tomato, physalis, lettuce, legumes, corn- pickle in a 1% solution of potassium permanganate for 45 minutes.

Carrots, eggplant, peppers, dill, cabbage and pumpkin- use a 2% solution of potassium permanganate for 20 minutes.

Also apply special preparations for dressing seeds - Bunker, Commander, Winner, Baitan, Fundazol and others.

Attention- after processing chemicals be sure to rinse the seeds with room temperature water.

Seed treatment with hydrogen peroxide

An effective way to treat seeds before sowing, disinfect and prepare the seeds. You will need 10% hydrogen peroxide. Seeds spread out on gauze are soaked in a dish, or you can put the seeds in a bag and dip them in peroxide. Soak for 12 hours, no more.

For rapid growth of seeds, they are soaked in any growth stimulator or warm water (it is better to soak in melt or rain water).

Pre-freeze the water, then place the ice in a bowl and let it melt completely, then lower the seeds, they should be completely in the water. Cucumbers and tomatoes are soaked for 19 hours, legumes for 7 hours, celery and onions for 35 hours.

Biological products stimulate the germination of seeds more strongly.

At home, you can prepare growth stimulants like this:

Dilute 1 tablespoon of wood ash in 100 ml of water, leave for a day (solution temperature 17-20 degrees), in this way seeds are enriched with microelements;
- 20-25 drops of liquid peat Potassium Humate diluted in 100 ml of water, soaked for 12 hours;
- Epin preparation (2 drops per 100 ml of water), soak for 18 hours;
-- Fertilizer New Ideal or Signor Tomato (20 grams per 1 liter of water), soak for 30 minutes.

There is also a verified old way: soak seeds in aloe juice for a day. Then dry the seeds on paper.

Attention: when soaking the seeds for more than 10 hours, change the water every 3-4 hours to enrich with oxygen and so that the water does not deteriorate.

After the soaking procedure, dry the seeds a little and immediately sow in the ground.

Video - Super way to soak seeds

To increase the cold resistance of crops, it is necessary to harden them first. Seeds are placed in bags and soaked in water for 12 hours. After soaking, keep at a temperature of 15-20 degrees for 12 hours, then place in a refrigerator with a temperature of 3 degrees for 12 hours.

Seed vernalization

Cooling or vernalization of seeds accelerates the germination of cold-resistant crops. This method is used for parsley, carrots, parsnips. Pre-soak the seeds at room temperature until completely swollen, germinate in wet gauze until 10-15% of the seeds hatch. Then place the seeds for two weeks in a room with a temperature of 0 to 1 degrees.

Attention: seeds of beets, spinach, lettuce are not recommended to be prepared in this way.

Video - Super seed soak and germinator

For rapid germination of seeds, they are saturated with oxygen. You will need a regular aquarium compressor or a special bubbler.

Seeds of perennial crops with a pronounced dormant period need stratification. These seeds need cold to germinate. The container is filled with sand and seeds are placed in it.

The container with seeds is placed in the refrigerator, it can be buried in the snow for a period of 2 weeks to six months, it all depends on the type of crop.

Seed scarification

Seeds of perennials with a dense shell are scarified. The dense shell prevents the appearance of sprouts, so the seeds are ground with sand or between sheets of sandpaper.

Stratification and scarification not carried out for all crops, so it is not necessary to process all seeds in this way.

Looks red, yellow and of blue color. Such seeds are treated with polymers, which provides germinating to seeds and reliable protection against pests.

There is no need to further process these seeds. They are sown dry in moist, ready-made soil.

The seeds are covered with a peat-mineral mixture. The mixture creates a nutritious and protective shell, the processed seeds are larger and round in shape.

It is economically profitable to sow coated seeds, seed consumption during sowing is small, thinning is not necessary.

Seeds are sown dry, laid out in prepared pits or furrows. Water the soil well before sowing.

Video - Three ways to soak seeds

You have learned all the ways to prepare seeds before sowing in the ground. The main types of processing are sorting, dressing and soaking, without which you will not be able to get healthy and strong plants and, accordingly, a good harvest.

For personal convenience, I have repeatedly improved the method, therefore I partly consider it my know-how. Conscience does not allow to fully appropriate the contribution of my dacha co-authors, although each of them has long fancied only himself as the true inventor of this trouble-free way to prepare vegetable seeds.

It doesn't matter who invented seed treatment technique, the main thing is that for more than a decade I have been reaping excellent results - strong, healthy seedlings, bountiful harvest vegetables with high immunity to most diseases.

Initially, in this way, I prepared only tomato seeds for sowing seedlings. But noticing positive effect on the tomato crop quickly applied to the rest vegetables grown through seedlings.

Preparing vegetable seeds for planting seedlings

I have start of seed preparation- the last days of March, sometimes - the first days of April. I learned this term in practice, by trial, error and new attempts to deceive fate, while I guessed and decided on optimal sowing time. Seedlings planted just a week early moment of open ground landing, practiced by me in mid-May, invariably outgrew.

So, let's start processing: we place the seeds in a solution of potassium permanganate and hold for 30 minutes, then rinse under running water for 5 minutes, no less.

Now let's take a pallet with high sides, cover its bottom with 4-6 layers of cotton fabric, a well-used bed sheets. In parallel, we will prepare sodium humate solution with organomineral fertilizer. I recommend sodium humate in capsules, plus biohumus solution. In a liter of settled water, dissolve a capsule of sodium humate and 4.5 ml of biohumus. With the resulting solution, we abundantly soak the fabric in the pan.

On the surface of the fabric we lay out the seeds in one layer, distribute them with tweezers, ensuring that they do not touch. seeds different varieties or others vegetable crops can be separated by laying a colored thread between them. Belonging to a variety or culture is marked with tags on the sides of the pallet.

The cloth under the seeds should be very damp, but when the tray is tilted, they should not float away with the liquid. We will cover the top of the pallet hermetically with cling film, or we will put on a bag, but not allowing it to sag and touch the seeds.

Next stage - hardening of vegetable seeds, subject them to temperature inversions. pallet with seed material put in the warmest place. Here everyone proceeds from their own capabilities, whether it be Kitchen Cabinet above the stove in an apartment or a boiler room in a private house, but the temperature is needed at least 25–35 ° C.

After keeping the tray with seeds for 24 hours in the heat, cool them for 3-5 hours on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator, then place them again in heat for a day. In general, let's arrange temperature drops for the seeds according to the type from the fire to the frying pan. We repeat the change from heat to cold three times. Then we place the pallet with the future greenery in moderate heat, directly for germination.

We start sowing when most of the vegetable seeds show roots. With tweezers, carefully lay them out in pre-prepared cups with a soil substrate. I use peat pots, when planting open-ground seedlings are planted directly in them, which excludes any damage to it.

By the way, do not wait for the roots of all the seeds to appear, plant when a little more than half hatch. If you wait for all the seeds to hatch, the first roots will outgrow and there is a chance of breaking them when planting. It is also not necessary to plant seedlings immediately at once, you can do this as the roots germinate for several days - it is not so burdensome and you will not miss the "idle" seed.

The effectiveness of the method of preparing seeds for planting vegetable seedlings

At first glance, all these seed handling seem somewhat troublesome, but will certainly be crowned with a bountiful vegetable harvest. Because:

Seeds have 100% germination. Thanks to the processing, tomato seeds hatch on the second day, and bell pepper for the third.
The seedling grows and gains strength much faster than planted as usual, comes out more stocky, has a powerful stem and healthy dark green foliage.
Plants form several times more fruit ovaries.
Reduced incidence of disease. When the neighboring tomatoes completely died from the phytophthora, mine turned green cheerfully, only a few fruits were gone. Means, preparation of seeds perfectly strengthens the immunity of vegetables, therefore, additional processing is useless.

What if these miraculous results are an accident?

Such a question crept into my soul after a couple of seasons of growing seedlings from seeds prepared in the described way. I decided to dispel my doubts and specifically next spring I separately sowed some tomato seeds, as usual, simply by keeping them for a day in a wet cloth. The main part was processed as expected.

The results were very striking, doubts dispelled completely, I no longer experiment. There were few tomatoes from unprepared seeds that survived late blight, the harvest was poor, and the fruits were small, deformed and tasteless. I could not get enough of the abundance of vegetables from processed seeds, the fruits were exceptionally successful in size, taste and were stored for a long time without losing freshness.

Hello reader!

Let's talk about what seed treatment is before planting.

Is seed treatment necessary before planting?

And do all seeds need to be processed?

1. Hybrid seeds

Let's answer the second question right away. Hybrid Seeds(F1) before hitting the store shelves, they are completely processed with various preparations against pests and plant diseases. Such seeds are completely prepared for sowing, so hybrid seeds are sown dry or, if desired, treated with growth stimulants (described below).

2. Varietal seeds

varietal seeds

3. Seed treatment

A significant effect in the fight against various viral diseases is the keeping of seeds in a weak solution of IMMUNOCYTOFIT ("weak solution" - 1 tablet per 100 ml of water). The residence time in the solution is from 3 to 12 hours.

Or hold in Fitosporin solution (according to instructions).

The treatment of seeds in a solution of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) has also proven itself well. In this case, the seeds are first heated in a thermos for 2 hours at a water temperature of 45-50 ° C (when the hands endure). After warming up, the bag with seeds is treated with a weak solution of manganese for half an hour.

In order for the seed to wake up and start growing quickly, homemade and purchased varietal seeds need to be soaked in warm water or in any of the growth stimulants:

- familiar to all WOOD ASH (1 teaspoon per 100 ml of water) for a day.
- EPIN preparation (2 drops per 100 ml of water) 18 hours.
- liquid peat POTASSIUM HUMATE (20-25 drops per 100 ml of water) for 12 hours.
- fertilizer SIGNOR TOMATO or NEW IDEAL (20g per 1 liter of water) for 30 minutes.

A good old way to speed up germination, proven by our grandmothers, is soaking seeds in Aloe juice, usually for a day. After they are dried, scattering the seeds on a sheet of paper.

4. Encrusted seeds

Please pay attention to the colored seeds (red, green, blue) - they are called " inlaid". Because they are treated with polymers that form a reliable protective shell that stimulates the germination of seeds and protects them from harmful effects.

Encrusted seeds should not be soaked and generally subjected to any processing! This is exactly the case when you do not need to do anything!

They are simply sown dry in moist, prepared soil. u!

5. Dried seeds

Haven't talked about yet pelleted seeds that are covered with a peat-mineral mixture. It creates a nutritious, protective shell, increases the size of the seed and gives it a rounded shape. Coated seeds are more economical to use, as the consumption of seeds during sowing is reduced, they need to be thinned out less.