The original design of flower beds in kindergarten. Ideas for the garden: photos, flower beds and flower beds. Selection of plants for flower arrangement

In this article, we will offer you ideas that allow you to decorate your home in a very original way. household plot or give. Most of the ideas we offer do not require almost any investment, only skillful hands, a little imagination and a desire to turn your garden and yard into a charming corner.

A cheerful ladybug made from an ordinary shovel will definitely delight the guests of your site.

An artist's palette, where instead of paints there are fresh flowers. You can cut out such a design from ordinary plywood, and simply insert flower pots into the holes different shade. Win-win option, agree!

It is immediately clear that the owners of this land plot are serious about its design and cultivation of vegetables. Everything is neat, neat, but at the same time bright and beautiful.

Plastic pots were simply strung on a metal rod. The design looks very unusual.

To create such an unusual flower bed, all you needed was an old kettle.

A flowerbed-hearth in a real pot, suspended on a chain.

Another one old new idea. Turning a hemp into a fly agaric with a metal bowl is an old idea, but adding old shoes, a red nose and expressive eyes is original version. And this composition is complemented by bright strawberries and ladybugs, just scattered on the grass.

Stone - whether it be natural boulders or an artificial version - can be used to create a wide variety of, including such flower beds-baskets.

It is immediately obvious that the owner of this personal plot has the talent of an artist! These barrels can be stored rain water for watering, arrange a flower bed or simply turn it into a bright element of landscape design.

Don't rush to throw away old bath! It can turn into such a charming artificial pond, and without any effort and expense.

And this old bath became a real fountain thanks to another old and already unnecessary thing - a pipe that has served its purpose.

If your site is protected from prying eyes by a high fence, you can decorate it from the inside with the help of this simple option vertical gardening. All you need: plastic bottles from mineral water or lemonade with holes cut out, reliable rope or fishing line, soil, as well as plant seedlings or seeds.

Another very popular option for decorating a garden is all kinds of cars, carts, wagons that turn into flower beds and become a highlight of landscape design.

Old plates that you no longer use in the kitchen can be an unusual fence for a flower bed.

"Box of pencils" as a fence for the site. Who's to say it's boring and ugly?

In Europe, these old chairs, which have become flower stands, can be bought at special markets and sales. But you can make such original flower beds with your own hands without spending a dime!

At first glance - a chaotic collection of things. But in fact - a well-thought-out landscape composition.

Visual illustration for the manual "new life for old things." This is how an ordinary washbasin became an elegant fountain.

A teapot with a broken spout, chipped or cracked cups can be handy containers for flowers. You can’t exactly call such a flower bed banal.

In general, decorating a garden is a matter of the owners' imagination and their desire to make some effort. We hope that our ideas will stimulate your actions and help make your backyard more original and vibrant.

One of the mandatory attributes of the territory of the kindergarten is a beautifully designed flower bed with planted flowers and deciduous plants. In the process of creating an original flower garden, the tips proposed in this article will help employees.

Choosing a place for a flower bed

First of all, you need to choose the right place to place the flower garden. The site should be sufficiently lit, but at the same time covered from direct, directed rays of the sun.

It's no secret that many plants need heavy watering, especially during the hot summer months. Therefore, it is imperative to ensure regular watering of the flower bed.

Flower bed shape

The shape of the flower bed can be any - it depends on the general concept of the design of the territory. Most often you can find flower beds of a round or oval shape, as well as in the form of rectangular sections.

It is possible to plant small oblong strips near the kindergarten building itself. If at the same time to use additional elements decor, you can create original flower beds small in size, easy to care for, but at the same time very elegant.

decorative elements

In the process of designing a flower bed in a kindergarten, you can use various decorative elements:

colored gravel- will help to visually structure the space of the flower bed and create a planned composition.

smooth stones to create interesting compositions and delimitation of space on a large flower garden.
Remains of building materials- it can be halves of white or red, ceramic tiles and much more.

Wooden fence - often it is made of a small height, and it only separates from the rest of the space of the site. As a rule, such a flower garden fence in kindergarten is painted in bright colors.
garden decor — interesting elements garden decor are sold in many construction stores and flower shops. Funny gnomes and animal figurines will be a real highlight of the flowerbed design in kindergarten.

Kids toys- can also be used as additional decorative elements. However, they should be used in small quantities, because the center of the composition in the flower bed should still be flowers and plants.

improvised materials- if you show your imagination to the maximum, then even with the help of ordinary plastic bottles you can create a real miracle.

Thus, with the help of a small amount of improvised materials, you can create an original flower bed, on which you can later plant plants and flowers.

Making a flower bed in a preschool educational institution

In every head
Bud - like a peephole,
Each dome
Blows its juice
Each flowerbed -
Like a royal crown
flower hats -
Like clusters of hearts! ..

Flower beds always delight us, and interesting flower beds enchant. But kindergarten teachers do not always have enough financial support to create landscape masterpieces, and they really want beauty ...

Purpose: decoration of the territory of the kindergarten, favorite cottage or courtyard.
The master class is designed for teachers and parents.
Target: making funny figures to decorate flower beds in kindergarten.
Materials: double-sided fiberboard, electric jigsaw, outdoor paint, brushes, thinner, barrels, good mood.

In our work, we were helped by a building worker and parents.
1. With the help of parents, they built square (old) flower beds in a row
Bought fiberboard sheet(double-sided, it is better preserved when the summer is rainy), applied the pattern. 6 trailers fit on the sheet (3 on top and 3 on the bottom)

2. Worker on assignment cut out all the details

3. We thought for a long time how to make the train itself. The options were different, but opted for barrels. Parents gave two large barrels. One barrel was filled with water and laid on the ground, the second barrel was cut in half with a grinder and the excess was cut out on both sides, so that one lay more tightly on the other. parent using welding machine welded in several places one to another. at the bottom of the upper barrel they put a cut lid from the same barrel and poured earth. The upper barrel does not fit snugly everywhere, so between the lid and the ground there is still a layer of unnecessary rags covering the gaps. A flower pot (and wheels) was screwed onto the edge of the lower barrel with a screwdriver, filled with earth. They planted flowers.

4. Painted the "flower bed" painted a muzzle

5. A building worker drilled holes in the square flower beds with a perforator and fixed our trailers to them. It remains to color them. Helped to color everyone.

6. Let's take a closer look at the result

7. We get last year's nesting dolls, they are already familiar to someone

8. Let's place them behind the trailers, they escort our Locomotive from Romashkovo to kindergarten

9. We decorate another flower bed with already familiar mice and the Cheshire cat. We will work on this flower bed next year.

10. Device for stability. Matryoshkas do the same.

This year we have another no less wonderful "flower bed"

Our flower bed is a feast for the eyes!
Admire her!
uplifting
Anyone who comes close to her.

How many fragrant flowers are here!
How many delicate petals:
Silky and fluffy.
Thin, flexible stems.

So many colors fit
Just don't take your eyes off!
Like a rainbow came down
Paint flowers for us.

Jerusalem artichoke and chamomile,
Blue eyes and dill,
Dandelion, clover-porridge:
Friendly people live here.

We won't pick flowers
And we hasten to say to others:
Let them bring joy to people
Everyone - both crumbs and big!
Nikolaeva Elena

Nature leaves a deep imprint in the soul of the child, influencing his feelings with its brightness, diversity, dynamism.

It seems to the child that he is a discoverer, that he was the first to hear the chirping of a grasshopper, to see that snow is a lot of beautiful snowflakes, a starling sings for him. So for the first time children perceive nature, are drawn to it, it excites their curiosity.

Preschoolers look with great interest at the world, but not everyone sees, sometimes they don’t even notice the main thing. And if there is a teacher nearby who is surprised with them, teaches not only to look, but also to see, the children will want to learn even more.

The program of ecological education and training in kindergarten provides for the acquaintance of preschoolers with the outside world, nature, starting from the younger group. Walking with children provides great opportunities for this. At each of them, the guys consolidate previously acquired knowledge and get acquainted with something new.

Walks will be joyful, interesting, informative, and will achieve the goal, provided that the teacher, using visual material, is able to supplement and enrich the knowledge of the children. If there is a good site, a kindergarten can organize "ecological spaces" on its territory.

In addition, the educator must not only give certain knowledge, but also teach children to love and protect nature, their native places, their homeland.

Chapter 1

1.1. Organization of an ecological-developing environment in a preschool educational institution.

The most favorable period for solving the problems of environmental education is preschool age. Since during this period the formation of the qualities of the human personality takes place, the foundations of ecological culture are laid. It is necessary to instill in children the idea that a person needs environmental cleanliness environment. Therefore, it is important to teach children to preserve the beauty of nature so that they understand early enough how valuable health is and strive for a healthy lifestyle. An important factor in the formation of the ecological consciousness of children is the correct organization of the ecological - developing environment in the preschool educational institution.

Ecological and developing environment is an important condition for the ecological education of children preschool age. Organized in accordance with pedagogical and sanitary-hygienic requirements, such an environment performs many functions (developing, adaptive, health-improving, corrective, educational, cognitive, practical-oriented, etc.), it provides constant communication with nature, contributes to the education of the foundations of ecological culture, formation of environmentally appropriate behavior, ecologization of various activities.

Nature with its unusual variety of phenomena, animals and plants makes a strong impression on children. direct communication with nature gives the child more vivid ideas than books, pictures and stories of adults. The variety of flora and fauna in the kindergarten area, the environmentally correct organization of the nature zone in the premises of the preschool institution constitute the developing ecological environment necessary for raising children, in which adults, by personal example, demonstrate to children the correct attitude towards nature and actively participate with children in environmental activities.

In the process of environmental education, the following activities can take place:

role-playing game that reflects various events in nature or nature-creating activities of adults;
practical activities to create or maintain conditions for living objects in the green zone of the kindergarten (labor in nature), as well as activities to restore objects (repair toys, books, etc.);
creation of art products based on impressions of nature or human activities in nature;
communication with nature, voluntary contact with objects of flora and fauna - a complex activity, including observation, evaluative one-sided judgments, admiring, caressing, care activities, taming and training (animals);
experimentation: practical cognitive activity with objects of nature, accompanied by observation, statements. Experimenting with living objects is a positive activity only if the search actions are carried out taking into account the needs of a living being and are not destructive in nature;
speech activity (questions, messages, participation in a conversation, dialogue, exchange of information, impressions, clarification of ideas about nature with the help of a word);
observation - an independent cognitive activity, provides information about the nature and activities of people in nature;
viewing books, paintings, television programs of natural history content is an activity that contributes to obtaining new and clarifying existing ideas about nature.

Observation of the independence of children, analysis of its content allow the educator to discover their individual characteristics, the level of environmental education.

A variety of activities naturally connect environmental education with the entire process of personality development of a small child.

Children get acquainted with specific types of trees, shrubs, cultivated and wild herbaceous plants, plants in the garden, vegetable garden, know their names, characteristics, structural features (root, trunk, stem, branches, leaves, flowers, seeds) and the purpose of all organs. Learn that all plants are living things. For life, growth, maturation of seeds, they must maintain their integrity, they need certain conditions: heat, light, moisture, nutritious soil, air. These conditions are available on the site of the kindergarten, so the plants grow there. Weather all year round are not the same - they change with the seasons. Plants have adapted to live in changing conditions. A person in difficult moments helps the plants of the site, improves their living conditions; digs trees and shrubs, waters lawns in drought, fertilizes the soil, warms some plants for the winter.

Children develop a cognitive interest in the plants of the site: they willingly participate in collective observations, conversations, in filling out nature calendars, take the initiative in learning about plants - they ask questions, observe on their own, make assumptions, talk about what they see.

An emotional response and artistic perception of the beauty of plants develop in different periods of their life and under different conditions: delicate greenery in spring, lush herbs and a rainbow of flowers in summer, peace of snow-covered trees and bushes in winter, colorful autumn wilting, etc. Children learn to associate the beauty of plants with their well-being (satisfaction of needs) and good living conditions. They learn to perceive plants as living beings, to sympathize with them, to protect their integrity. They show willingness to participate in practical activities to maintain good conditions for plants (watering, digging the ground, etc.).

1.2 The role of the flower garden in educational work with children

The main elements of the ecological development environment in preschool institutions considered to be a corner of nature and green areas on the site. However, each of these forms should correspond to the goals and objectives of environmental education, contribute to the implementation of all components of the content of environmental education: cognitive, activity, value, normative.

A properly planned and well-landscaped area is one of the most important conditions for organizing work with children in their environmental education. Of particular importance is good site in a city kindergarten, as often for a long time it is the only place for children to communicate with nature.

At the kindergarten site, the teacher organizes daily observation of nature, during which children learn a lot about the life of plants and animals, admire the beauty of nature in all seasons. The vivid impressions that children get from communicating with nature remain in their memory for a long time, contribute to the formation of love for nature, (natural) interest in the world around them. Children of all age groups have the opportunity to work on the site, in the flower garden. In the process labor activity children develop certain labor skills and abilities. At the same time, they learn what conditions must be created for the normal life of animals and plants, acquire the necessary skills and abilities, learn to treat nature with care and concern.

In the flower garden during school year educators with children grow different plants. This provides favorable conditions to conduct interesting, ecologically significant observations. The relationship of a plant with the environment in the process of its ontogenetic (individual) development throughout the period of existence is not the same - it changes significantly at different stages of its growth and development. This circumstance makes it possible for the educator to trace these phenomena with the children using the examples of certain plants.

Expand the knowledge about nature acquired by children early age, to consolidate and deepen interest and love for nature begin in the first junior group.

At this age, in the flower garden, the teacher examines the plants with the children, draws attention to their various colors, shape and size: phloxes are high, white, pink, and marigolds are low, yellow, orange. For a better perception by children of younger groups, plants of the same name and of the same color should be planted in a flower bed: for example, plant only white daffodils or only red daisies.

From the age of two, children are taught to respect nature. For example: “How nice it is in our garden, there are a lot of beautiful flowers! We will not tear them, we will pour them with water so that it becomes even better in our garden.”

To consolidate the knowledge gained in children, you can play games with children such as “Show the flower garden to the bear. What grows there?

Children of the second younger group are involved in systematic observations of nature at all times of the year, they are introduced to the characteristic features of each season. They must be led to establish an elementary connection between seasonal changes and the labor of people in nature.

At the beginning of autumn, flower gardens of kindergartens are decorated with multi-colored asters, velvety dark red dahlias, tall gladioluses of the most diverse colors. Carefully consider with children the shape and color of flowers, pay attention to their beauty.

Children should not be allowed to pick off the petals of flowers, crush them. A careless attitude towards plants will turn into a bad habit, which will then be difficult to eradicate.

The teacher introduces the children to spring phenomena, teaches to look for a connection between living and inanimate nature: the sun shines brightly and warms, it becomes warm, snow melts, streams flow, leaves bloom on trees, grass and flowers appear. Trees and shrubs are planted in squares, flowers are planted in flower beds. Together with the children, the teachers sow the seeds of flowers and vegetables in the beds, and teach them to water them. You need to show the kids a garden, paths that you can walk on, beds with grooves in which seeds are sown.

Kids get acquainted with spring flowering plants: snowdrop, lungwort, primrose.

AT summer period educators support children's interest in flowers, introduce them to new plants, teach them to take care of them.

Children middle group have more steady attention, have become stronger physically. They ask a lot of questions, get acquainted with various objects, their qualities and properties with interest.

Children are brought up with an interest in nature, the ability to admire it at different times of the year, in different weather, the desire to protect it. They develop interest in the work of adults and the desire to work themselves.

In autumn, you should pay attention to the fact that there are fewer flowering plants in the flower garden. Consider the flowers left in the flower beds.

Children of the middle group can already collect seeds in the flower garden. We must teach them to do this carefully so as not to crush the stems. You need to collect the seeds of no more than two plants, such as nasturtium and marigold, so that the kids can compare them and put them in two boxes. You can tell something interesting about each plant, make a riddle, read a poem.

In summer, children of the middle group can help weed weeds in flower beds, water flowers, and remove faded plants. With the educator set the period and duration of flowering plants.

In the older group, children's ideas about natural phenomena in inanimate and living nature are expanded and refined, a realistic understanding of these phenomena and the ability to establish a relationship between them is formed. The educator continues to develop the ability to observe seasonal changes, highlight characteristic features, analyze, generalize and correctly convey what is perceived in words and drawings; instills in children a love for nature, the desire to protect it. The educator strengthens and deepens the labor skills and abilities of children, teaches them to diligently and accurately carry out labor assignments, and develops a desire to help elders.

In the summer, children consider which plants remained in the flower beds and rabatka in the flower garden, which of them are blooming. It is necessary to explain to them that plants that grow and bloom only one summer are called annuals. Other plants are perennial, their roots hibernate in the soil. Children are told and in the process of work they show that perennials the above-ground parts die off for the winter, and grow back in the spring. Some herbaceous plants bulbs and rhizomes are stored in the ground in winter.

On the site of the kindergarten, you need to have a flower garden so that children can observe the growth, development, flowering of plants and learn how to care for them. You can pay attention to the plants of the garden and flower garden: in the morning they are fresh, resilient; drooping during the day, and rise again in the evening.

After repeated observations of plant life, children conclude that plants grow in certain places, in certain conditions. Some like the sun, others like shade, some like wet soil, others like dry.

On walks in preparatory group children, under the guidance of a teacher, continue to observe the weather and seasonal changes in the life of plants and animals. In the process of observation, the teacher reinforces the ideas of children. They should learn well the dependence of seasonal changes on sunlight. The teacher develops in children the ability to generalize the accumulated ideas about nature, forms concepts about various phenomena, brings up love for nature, the ability to perceive beauty, introduces nature conservation activities in our country, shows the work of people in the garden, in the field, in the garden, on cattle farms.

All planted plants are called cultivated, and such as dandelion, colza, primrose grow by themselves, no one planted them. These plants are called wild plants.

With children of older preschool age, it is advisable to trace the growth and development of one plant from seed to seed. The most suitable culture for this purpose is nasturtium. It has a number of advantages over other crops: large seeds that germinate when soaked; clearly visible modifications of the aerial part of the plant - a rapidly growing green mass, large leaves of a distinct shape, beautiful and large flowers; the ability to grow both on the site and indoors (which is especially valuable).

The features of the relationship of plants with the conditions of their life are traced. The teacher includes aesthetic observations: children learn to notice the beauty of plants, which manifests itself only in favorable conditions. Thus, they begin to understand the aesthetics of the living from an ecological perspective: beautiful plant is a healthy plant that is in an environment that fully meets its needs.

All these knowledge and skills are necessary to prepare children for school. Having mastered them, it will be easier for them to understand and study such sciences as natural history, physics, geography, etc. The main means of understanding nature is observation. In a child, the perception of nature is sharper than in an adult, since he comes into contact with it for the first time. By maintaining and developing this interest, the teacher can educate children in many ways. positive traits personalities, get to know natural phenomena explain their causes and relationships.

1.3. flower bed requirements

When planning and landscaping the site of a children's institution, the basic rule is always taken into account: all vegetation here meets the safety requirements for the health and life of children, and also serves their environmental education. A developing subject environment is created on the plots, which is used for educational and recreational purposes, for developing children's skills of work and communication with nature, for environmental education of preschoolers and propaganda environmental knowledge among adults.

The arrangement of flower beds not only decorates the territory of the kindergarten, but also allows you to conduct classes with children, teaching them to observe nature and take care of plants. It is important to remember that some flowers, especially those with a strong scent, can cause allergic reactions in babies.

Chemicals cannot be used in a children's institution, because children can be poisoned. For pest control, it is better to use an infusion of garlic, marigolds, tomatoes, tobacco. Beveled or cut tops are infused in an aqueous solution and the plants are sprayed with this infusion. You can use soapy water.

On the section of the preschool educational institution should be many colors. Flowering plants create an excellent visual environment: they develop perception, have a beneficial effect on the psyche, improve mood, and evoke positive emotions.

AT different places The plot can grow and annuals, and perennials, and biennials. Plants should be easy to care for, long-flowering.

Flower beds are recommended to be broken up so that the flowering of plants does not coincide in time. For example, tulips and daffodils begin to bloom in spring, peonies, carnations and delphiniums bloom from the beginning of summer, then phloxes, gladiolus, dahlias. Chrysanthemums, perennial asters, rudbeckia bloom until late autumn. These plants are perennial and require only top dressing, tillage and weed removal.

All flower garden plants are demanding on the soil, which should be loose, nutritious, and its layer is quite deep, according to the root system.

If the soil layer is shallow and there is clay, sand or podzol under it, it must be replaced with a fertile one.

1.4. Types of flower beds.

When creating a flower garden, use various forms flower plantations. The most common of these are flower beds, rabatki and lawns. AT floral arrangement it is important to choose the right ornamental plants(by height, shape and color of flowers, by flowering time). It is necessary to take into account the requirements of plants for light, soil and moisture.

Flowerbeds do not have to be complex in shape. Round, oval and quadrangular flower beds look best. You don't need to make them big. When laying out flower beds, it is necessary to plant the tallest plants in the center, as they move towards the edges - plants of medium height, along the edge - very low curbs.

Rabatki are long, narrow flower beds arranged along the sides of the paths, near the walls of buildings, along terraces and fences. Plants on the borders are planted in rows. The surface of the rabatok is always flat, only slightly raised to the center to avoid stagnant water.

Green lawns serve as a good backdrop for flower beds. They are especially decorated with perennials and flowering shrubs planted in groups. The soil for lawns is prepared in the fall. Sowing seeds is produced in early spring when the soil is still wet.

Border - part of a flower garden, a form of flower planting, bordering plantings of flower or decorative-deciduous annual or perennial plants along the contour of a flower bed, along a path, rabatok, lawn, alleys. Sometimes borders are called a frame or border.

Parterre - an ornamental complex flower garden, a plot in which ornamental plants are grown. Often this front flower garden, located in front of the building or at the beginning of the site. In gardening art, the parterre is a decorative device on a horizontal plane in a strictly sustained style of floral and decorative design, which is arranged on the site in front of the building. The parker consists of several elements (lawns, specially selected decorative leafy and flower plants, paths, small forms of architecture), combined and organized by a flower composition into a single whole. The parterres are dominated by lawns with flowerbeds and ridges with bright and long-lasting ornamental plants.

Flower clock - a set of herbaceous plants planted in a small area, the flowers of which open and close at a certain time of the day (with an accuracy of 30 minutes - 1 hour).

Alpine slides are beginning to become more and more famous in landscaping, especially in small areas. The main condition for alpine slide plants is good drainage and lighting. The most suitable south, southeast and southwest sides. Choosing a place for a slide is an important point. It looks good against the background of a stone wall, trees, a fence shaded by climbing plants. Vertical gardening - decoration greenery and flowering plants of large vertical spaces - they are used in cases where, due to the small area of \u200b\u200bthe site, it is not possible to arrange a flower garden or when it is necessary to decorate the facades of buildings, fences. For vertical gardening good to apply climbing plants: wild grapes, garden beans, nasturtium, sweet peas.

To decorate the flower garden, you can use beautifully flowering shrubs and herbaceous ornamental plants. By life expectancy in the open field, ornamental plants are divided into perennials, biennials and annuals.

When planning a flower garden, you need to make the most of the area of \u200b\u200bthe site, leaving room for free activities for children: for games, for observations, sports and entertainment.

When laying out a flower garden, one should take into account its importance in the aesthetic education of children: think over a combination of plants by color, decorative placement in space.

1.5. Organization of joint activities of the teacher and children in the flower garden

Preschool childhood is the initial stage in the formation of a person's personality, his value orientation in the world around him. During this period, a positive attitude is laid to nature, to the “man-made world”, to oneself and to the people around.

A consciously correct attitude to nature is based on the sensory perception of nature, emotional attitude towards it and knowledge about the features of life, growth and development of individual living beings. The visual-effective and visual-figurative forms of thinking that prevail in preschool childhood ensure the assimilation of only specially selected and age-adapted information about nature. The criteria for the selection of natural material are their visual representation and the possibility of inclusion in practical activities.

Nature leaves a deep imprint in the soul of the child, influencing his feelings with its brightness, diversity. Preschoolers look at the world around them with great interest, but they don’t see everything, sometimes they don’t even notice the main thing. And if a teacher next to him, who is surprised with them, teaches not only to look, but also to see, the children will want to see and learn even more. The optimal pedagogical communication of the educator with the children is when the best conditions are created for the development of the child, his active creative participation in the activity. These points are directly related to joint activities educator with children in "ecological spaces".

Joint organizational and economic, labor activities in the garden of a kindergarten, growing plants can take various forms and take place with varying degrees inclusion and participation of both adults and children. Preschoolers can become involved in this activity in three ways:

Through the teacher's story about various affairs and events in the preschool educational institution;
Through observation of the activities of adults;
Through their practical participation.

Work in nature contributes to the development of empathy in children (sympathy, compassion, empathy for living beings), allows the child to see the result of his help to the living, to feel the joy of friendly contacts with the natural world. This significantly improves the emotional-volitional sphere of the child's personality, favorably affects the development of the adaptive mechanisms of his psyche.

Environmentally oriented activity allows preschoolers to master the ability to behave in an environmentally sound manner in nature. The child accumulates moral and valuable experience in relation to the world, which gives his activity a humane character. The work of children in nature creates a favorable condition for physical development, improves movement, stimulates the actions of various organs, and strengthens the nervous system.

The work combines mental and strong-willed skills. Systematic collective work unites the children, instills in them diligence and responsibility for the assigned work, gives them pleasure and joy. Working on the site (in the garden, flower garden, berry garden), children master the simplest practical skills in handling agricultural equipment, learn how to care for plants, and receive a lot of information about the growth and development of plants.

According to the Sanitary and Epidemiological Rules and Regulations SanPiN 2.4.1.3049-13, when children perform such work on the land plot as watering plants, transferring sand, clearing snow, they use serviceable equipment corresponding to the growth of children with strong fastening handles. Do not use equipment intended for adults. Carrying weights of no more than 2-2.5 kg for short distances is allowed, as well as the previously mentioned types of work, only for older preschoolers.

Children of younger preschool age are taught to perform simple tasks: with the help of a teacher, feed the birds, water indoor plants, wipe large leaves, sow large flower seeds in a flower garden.

Preschoolers of the middle group perform labor assignments, take care of plants on their own. They need to cultivate perseverance and the habit of making labor efforts to achieve the goal, the skills of simple teamwork. Children of this age must be gradually prepared to understand that favorable conditions must be created for the life and growth of plants (soil, sunlight, heat, moisture, etc. are determined). At the same time, care must be taken that children experience the joy of work.

Older preschoolers need to cultivate the habit of working on their own initiative, and not just at the suggestion of the educator, to do the work diligently, carefully, to save materials and objects of labor, to cultivate a willingness to participate in joint work activities with everyone. As a result, children experience great satisfaction, they gain confidence in their abilities and the conviction that they did a real great job, bringing joy to the people around them.

Labor in nature has its own specifics. This is the only type of productive labor available to preschool children.
The ultimate goal is to grow flowers, and the results of labor are concrete and understandable to the child, but they cannot be achieved quickly. The educator, working together with the children, sets them a specific task, outlines what result they will get. Shows the right tricks as needed.

The most acceptable forms for solving educational problems are considered to be the organization of labor in the form of various kinds of assignments: individual, group. They can be long-term, systematic, short-term.

The work of children, no matter how large it may be, becomes meaningful, environmentally appropriate:

if there is a dependence of the life and condition of plants on the conditions in which they are located;
if the understanding is strengthened that these conditions are created by the labor of people.

Thus, the care of adults and preschoolers about plants, the creation and maintenance necessary conditions for all living beings in the living space of children, they are the main method of ecological education - a method that ensures the development of the principles of ecological consciousness, the formation of the first practical skills of proper interaction with the nature of the immediate environment.

Chapter 2 annual plants for the flower garden.

2.1. Selection of annual plants

Garden flowers can delight with their flowering from early spring to late autumn. All types of flowers are divided into annuals and perennials.

Perennial flowers, or as they are also called perennials, are ornamental plants that grow in one place and retain their decorative qualities for more than two years.

Plants used in the flower garden during one vegetative period are called annuals or annuals. The main advantage of flowering annuals is the ability to go through the entire vegetation cycle in just one season, pleasing the eye. rapid development and lush blooms throughout the summer.

Annuals are sun loving plants. In all its glory, they appear only in a rich, sufficiently moist area, well lit. sunbeams. When planning to create a flower bed entirely from annuals, you need to consider a number of factors:

Flowering period. All annual garden flowers are famous for their long flowering, but still some of them bloom earlier and others later. Among spring-flowering annuals, one can distinguish: pelargonium, begonia, petunia. Already from the beginning of June, zinnia, marigolds, marigolds and cornflowers will bloom. And until late autumn, flower beds will be decorated with: aster, lavater, snapdragon and calendula.
Place of planting. When arranging a flower garden, low and colorful marigolds, nasturtiums and cornflowers are perfect. A spectacular decoration of the fence or walls of the gazebo can be: decorative sweet peas, morning glory or curly beans. Geranium, begonia, petunia are well suited for planting in containers.
Color palette. Choosing beautiful annual flowers, you can get a great opportunity to paint the site in your favorite colors.

When growing letniki, it must be borne in mind that some of them, such as marigolds, balsam, salvia, are heat-loving plants; others - alyssum, asters, snapdragons - are cold-resistant, they tolerate small frosts.

Climbing plants, such as nasturtium, sweet peas, morning glory, garden beans, are seated near arbors, sheds, houses. For the rapid growth of these plants, a wire or twine is tied to wooden pegs, around which they curl. Children like to play in such "flower tents".

Annuals flowering plants there are undersized ones - marigolds, alyssum, lobelia, purslane, nasturtium, marigolds (calendula), mignonette, annual phlox, zinnia; medium height - levkoy, balsam, petunia, asters, verbena; high - amaranthus (with red foliage), fragrant tobacco, cochia or summer cypress, kosmeya, lupine. Usually they are planted with seedlings, but seeds can also be used.

2.2. Characteristics of some plants

There are many types and varieties of annual flowers. Consider some of them that are used for planting in kindergarten areas.

Marigold (lat. Tagétes) - Aster family or Compositae. The Latin name comes from the name of the grandson of the god Jupiter - Tages (Tages), famous for his beauty and ability to predict the future. Where they can be found from Argentina to the southern states of the USA. Since ancient times, the Indians used them in their rituals, they also treated various diseases with their help. In the 16th century, marigolds began to spread rapidly across Europe, Asia Minor and North America. Marigolds were the first among overseas plants brought to Russia.

The stems are erect, branched, forming a compact or sprawling bush with a height of 20 to 120 cm.

Leaves - pinnately dissected or pinnately divided, rarely entire, serrated, from light to dark green, arranged oppositely or in the next order, with translucent glands.

Basket inflorescences, simple or double, yellow, orange or brown. The heads of representatives of this genus are of medium size, with a cylindrical veil consisting of one row of leaflets fused together; marginal female flowers - reed; achenes are linear, narrowed towards the base. They bloom profusely from June until frost.

The fruit is a black or black-brown strongly flattened achene. Seeds remain viable for 3-4 years. In 1 g from 280 to 700 seeds.

The smell of plants, reminiscent of aster, specific, may be unpleasant for someone. Marigolds can grow in shade and partial shade, but will bloom more luxuriantly in the sunniest spots.

In decorative floriculture, usually numerous hybrid varieties some types. One of the main varietal characteristics of marigolds is the structure of inflorescences. There are clove-flowered (mainly from reed flowers) and chrysanthemum-shaped (mainly from large tubular flowers); terry, semi-double and simple.

In some countries of Europe and Latin America, dried flowers are used as a seasoning, known in Russia and the Caucasus under the name Imeretian saffron(leaves have a specific spicy fragrant aroma). Also in America they not only decorate garden beds but are also used in medicine. The leaves are used in Mexico for intermittent fever, emaciation, constipation, and as a diuretic and diaphoretic, and in large doses as an emetic.

Calendula or Marigold ( lat. Calendula)- genus grassy plants of the familyAsteraceae . Members of the genus grow inmediterranean , Western Europe and Western Asia .

The flowers of the plant are yellow or orange in color, collected in inflorescences-baskets. The fruit of calendula is an achene, slightly bent, without a tuft. fruit outside uneven surface with spikes. The flowering of the plant begins in June and ends in September. The fruits ripen in October. The plant is very fond of light, but demanding on moisture and soil.

This plant blooms for quite a long time, from June to late autumn, almost until October. Calendula bears fruit in July, propagated by seeds, does not require special conditions for growing, and at the same time is considered a good honey plant.

Calendula is considered cultivated plant, they grow it for both medicinal and decorative purposes, very rarely it runs wild. For treatment, only inflorescences are used, that is, baskets that are harvested during the flowering period, when the basket has fully blossomed. Leaves and flower stalks are not used.

In domestic pharmacology, this plant is very much appreciated. Collect the most useful part of the plant - bright flowers. The main substance that is part of the flowers is calendene. In addition to it, the flowers contain several organic acids (primarily malic and pentadecyl, partially salicylic), resins, carotene. The tart aroma of the plant is due to the presence of essential oil. Carotene, found in marigolds, affects the color of the plant, in orange flowers twice as much as whites. First of all, calendula is used as a medicine that helps with many diseases.

Zinnia ( lat. Zinnia) - familyAsteraceae . Some types of zinnia are popular ornamental flowering plants.

The plant comes fromCentral and from the southwest North America , several species grow inor seated. Blooms from mid-June until frost.

Wrapper baskets multi-row, imbricate.Receptacle cone-shaped, cylindrical in fruits, seated with membranous, folded along bracts and covering median flowers and achenes. External (reed)flowers densely spaced, various colors (from white, yellow and orange to red and purple) with a rounded or notched limb, inner (tubular) flowers are small, yellow to red-brown. , discounts , flowerbeds , in cut.

Conclusion

Thus, the most important factor in the formation of the human personality is the surrounding ecological environment. All its aspects have or can have a developmental impact on the child. The ecological environment that affects the feelings, emotions, and psyche of the child is thereby involved in the formation of his personality. The success of education, upbringing and development of children, their prosperous emotional state are associated with the creation of a favorable environment, a developing environment.

The creation of flower beds on the site of the kindergarten helps to effectively implement the tasks for the comprehensive development of the personality of a preschooler. Working in the flower garden helps to increase the level preschool education. The knowledge that children receive on the site is closely related to program material; they help to expand and deepen the knowledge gained in the classroom. The main thing is that children master the skills to apply knowledge in practice, comprehending the inseparable unity of the natural environment and man.

At the kindergarten site, education and upbringing merge into a single process. Children learn here not only scientific knowledge about the natural environment, but also ethical and legal norms related to nature management. Conditions are constantly created on the site for a combination of thoughts, feelings and actions. And such an alloy is the most important condition for educating a convinced personality. Work on the site helps to realize the connection between learning and life, with the work of people, educates children industriousness and respect for work. Children comprehend the relationship of man to environment during work and rest. They learn to evaluate the results of labor, to predict the environmental consequences of human activities, including their own. The highest manifestation of the connection between learning and life is the participation of children in improving the general state of nature on the territory of an educational institution.

All knowledge, abilities, skills, feelings, beliefs that are formed in the course of classes on the site are aimed at solving one of the most humane tasks of our time - optimizing human relations with the natural environment. This is subject to the content, methods and forms of organization educational process in flower beds and on the site of the kindergarten.

Bibliography

SanPin 2.4.1.3049-13 (as amended on 04/04/2014) "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the device, content and organization of the working hours of preschool educational organizations"
Vikhrova L.G., Korchagina V.A. Landscaping of the kindergarten. - M., 1972.
Dr. D. G. Hession All about flower beds/ Per. from English. - 2nd edition, revised. - M.: Kladez-Buks, 2008. - 144 p.

Flower beds in the garden photo

Types of flower beds for garden decoration

Many gardeners are wondering what is the difference between a flower bed and a flower garden. The difference between them is so insignificant that these concepts are interchangeable.

It is believed that the flower bed should have a clear fence and have geometric shape, but this is not inherent in the flower garden. But in garden design, these concepts do not distinguish. Flowerbeds can be divided into several types.

Carpet (park) flower beds

Flowerbeds that require perfect preparation and adherence to the pattern of planting flowers. They usually take large area and have a strict geometric shape. To fill them, low-growing annual flowers are used, sometimes interspersed with tall plants on the certain place in a pattern.

monochromatic flower bed

This is the name of the flower beds, for filling which one or two types of flowers are used. Most often these are rose gardens, but there are also mono-flower beds with peonies, phloxes, as well as other flower beds filled with flowers of the same species.

Making paths or "flower border" along the hedge is also called a monocolor flower bed or flower garden.

spicy flower bed

So called flower beds filled with spicy and edible herbs. It is better to place them in an open sunny place, since all crops require abundant lighting and sunlight. Tarragon, fennel, cumin, basil are planted on such flower beds.

Special attention when planning a "spicy" flower bed, you should give plants that are able to quickly fill the territory, for example, mint. It is better to plant it in a pot without a bottom, which can later be dug into the soil. The walls of the pot will limit the spread of roots throughout the flower bed.

Plants that should be taken to the basement for the winter (rosemary, marjoram) should preferably be planted in a container. It can be dug out in autumn without damaging root system, and send for storage in a prepared room.

Club with cereals

A flower bed with cereal crops is the most elegant element of garden art. Upright and drooping stems with panicles of different colors create a romantic mood.

Large cereals, such as miscanthus or shaggy pinnate, can completely fill any flower garden.

An obligatory participant in a cereal bed is gray fescue - its bluish balls can be planted along the edge of large cereals to mask their root part.

Mobile flower beds

Flower beds, the location of which you can change every year. As a rule, they are organized using old utensils - carts, wheelbarrows, car tires or disks.

Mobile flower beds in the garden can be made from an old watering can, a boat, and even a car. Sometimes an old bucket or watering can can serve as a creative way to decorate the garden, and become the basis for a small flower bed.

Most often, annual flowers are used for filling, so perennials can freeze in winter in shallow ground. Favorite members of mobile flower beds are petunias, marigolds, nasturtiums.

You can arrange any flower beds in the garden with your own hands - the photos selected in our article will help in implementing ideas for creating your own unique decorations. It is enough to show a little imagination and desire.

Choosing a fence for flower beds

Without artificial or natural borders, the flower beds "blur", lose their clarity and accuracy. Also, unwanted plants from the lawn may appear in the flower garden. Therefore, the fence is an indispensable element, the choice of materials is absolutely unlimited.

Domestic gardeners use almost everything for fencing - from curb tape to plastic bottles.

However, it must be remembered that the aesthetics of materials plays an important role, and if the budget is limited and does not allow you to purchase borders, fences and slabs, then it is better to turn to natural materials - wood and stones.

The boulders around the flowerbed are a very practical solution: the borders can be easily adjusted. In addition, the stones are in perfect harmony with all colors, from daisies to roses. Wooden logs are also good for fencing, although they are not as durable; but the simplicity and availability of the material allow you to repair the flower bed without special costs.

We combine flowers to create flower beds

The key to successful flower bed flowering is a properly drawn up plan and its implementation. When planning a flower bed, you should take into account the peculiarities of caring for individual crops.

illumination

Not all plants prefer sunny open places; there are lovers of shade and partial shade. When choosing plants for one flower bed, consider the light factor. For example, in an unshaded flower bed with cereals, it will be uncomfortable and hot for a host and a geyher.

When choosing flowers, it is necessary to take into account the degree of their growth, otherwise some invader plants can crowd out other species.

Soil composition

All plants filling the flower bed should prefer the same type and composition of the soil. It is from the compilation earth mixture and the laying of a flower bed or flower garden begins. If there is a need to plant a crop with other preferences, then a special planting container is prepared for it, which protects the soil from being washed out.

Watering

The watering regimen should be similar for all plants in the flower bed, otherwise some of the plants will feel oppressed. For example, moisture-loving irises will not get along with milkweed, for which excess moisture is dangerous.

Flower bed location

If the flower bed in the garden is located on open space, then when planning it is necessary to ensure that it opens on all sides beautiful view.

When planning a flower garden along the hedge - placed in the background tall species, and on the near - stunted. Parterre flowers should cover the bare stems and trunks of distant tall plants from the scorching sun.

Outcome

A beautiful flower bed can decorate the most unattractive corner of your garden, sometimes a bag of earth and a few seedling bushes are enough to create it. Do not be afraid to experiment - use the most unexpected household items and your own ideas for flower beds!