Timely and correct pruning of blackcurrant. We carry out pruning of currants according to all the rules - this is the key to the harvest! How and when to cut currants

How to prune currants in autumn, to have a good harvest will be discussed in this article. After all, currant branches must be cut in the autumn. The next season's harvest depends on this plant care procedure. If you do not follow the rules of pruning, the result may be weak fruiting.

Purpose of pruning

Before proceeding with the operation, you should understand the purpose of this procedure. The cutting technique will be different depending on the tasks:

• Create correct form bush.
• Free the plant from diseased and broken branches.
• Create optimal conditions for the normal development of branches.
• Carry out rejuvenation of the old plant.

How to prune currants in autumn so that it grows and develops correctly, we will talk further. The formation of a bush must begin in the first years after planting seedlings. It is on this that the qualitative development of the plant and its fruitfulness will depend.

At sanitary pruning remove all branches that were damaged during the summer season harmful insects and various diseases. As a result, a healthy bush will increase productivity.

After the procedure anti-aging pruning an adult bush produces new shoots and its productivity increases.

With any pruning method, mistakes should not be made, otherwise it will lead to diseases of the bush, uneven development and poor harvest.

Which branches should be deleted

Many young gardeners are interested When is the best time to cut currant - spring or autumn. As practice has shown, the best time for pruning a plant is autumn. However, this work must be done before the onset of frost and precipitation.

Usually, the currant pruning procedure begins in the last decade of October and the first decade of November. At this time, the plant is not so prone to disease and calmly perceives various interventions. It is important to remember that the shoot that has grown out of the ground is the zero row, on which shoots of the first, second level, etc. will begin to appear in the future.

In autumn, the following branches are removed:

• thin and broken;
• not bearing fruit;
• sick and damaged by insects;
• dry;
• growth that covers the sun's rays.

How to prune currant bushes in autumn

Autumn pruning is not so difficult, but it should be done every year. The processing of the bush should begin after the end of the summer heat. When the air temperature drops, the plant slows down its growth.

At this time, the leaves have already dried up or fallen off, but there are no frosts yet. For pruning, it is best to choose a warm, fine day so that it is pleasant to work. Is it possible to cut currants in rainy weather? Of course not. Consider scheme annual pruning of blackcurrant bushes.

First year

It is better to plant a biennial plant. You can also plant on permanent place rooted cutting. At the same time, it must be cut off, leaving only 10-15 cm.

Second year

With the onset of warm spring days, several branches appear from the ground - zero order. During the period autumn pruning you need to choose 4-5 strong branches from which a bush will be created, skeletal branches, you do not need to cut them. The rest of the shoots are cut to the ground.

Branches formed last year are left uncut. The only exceptions are those shoots that are damaged by diseases or pests.

Important! Do not worry if in the first year there are only 2-3 pieces among the developed branches. For a currant bush, this is normal and will not harm further development.

Third year

By autumn, a blackcurrant bush already has branches formed over the past two years, as well as numerous shoots. It is necessary to choose the strongest shoots that appeared this year.

Do I need to cut currants this year? It is enough to leave 4-5 zero-order shoots to further create a bush. These branches must have the correct direction of growth - outward, so that they do not touch each other and do not interfere with each other's development. All remaining should be cut off at the root.

In this case, all branches will be able to receive enough light and air. The pruning procedure is not complicated and even a young gardener can perform it. It is necessary to ensure that the cut is closer to the main branch, trying not to damage it and not leave a stump.

The tops of fresh shoots are not shortened this year. It is necessary to cut only those who have matured in full force, as well as the wounded and sick. Pruning should be done with clean tools to avoid infection of the plant.

Important! When pruning branches, cuts are made at a distance of 0.5-1 cm above the bud.

During the growth period, be sure to provide the bush with proper care so that the plant develops properly. To do this, throughout the season, process with chemicals or folk ways. Timely prevention will eliminate the risk of currant infection with certain diseases and pest attacks.

Fourth year

This year, caring for currant bushes is no different from the past. But now there will be more work, since the bush is already an adult. If several bushes grow in the garden, then it will be more difficult to cope, but in three years you can get used to all the procedures.

Fifth year

This year, the fruiting of the bush begins to fall. Therefore, apart from sanitary pruning and removal of excess shoots, a few more plant care operations will be added. It will be necessary to delete some branches with poor productivity. This work can be done with a pruner or lopper. In addition to unnecessary shoots of the second and third order, all broken, weak, diseased, crossing branches are removed.

Now, every year it will be necessary to remove the old branches of five years of age, leaving the strongest zero-order shoots. Such care is necessary for the plant throughout its life. adults currant bushes, formed according to these rules, have from 15 to 20 branches different ages.

Rejuvenating pruning for 5-6 years is necessary in order to increase the yield of currants. At the same time, old branches are cut at the root to stimulate the growth of young shoots. Sections are made with a sharp device 0.5-1 cm above the kidney. A cut made on the kidney will destroy the process.

It is worth noting that pruning currants in autumn both experienced and novice gardeners.

Scheme for beginners

• During the first 5 years, currant branches are not cut.
• On the 5th autumn, you need to cut off almost half of the branches of the bush: dry, affected by diseases and pests, broken, shading the crown. After the procedure, it is necessary to carry out good feeding for the bush, so that it gains strength for further development.
• A year later, about 20 new shoots are left, and all other processes are removed.
• The next year, you can already remove the second half of the old branches, leaving 10 young shoots. Branches aged 5 years and above are cut off.
• After pruning, garden pitch should be applied to the cut points.

How to prune red currants in autumn

Despite the fact that red and black currants belong to the same crop, however, the approach to growing and caring for plants is slightly different from each other.

• Before landing in the ground red currant cut like black.
• In autumn, the shoots of the zero row are cut off, except for the 3-4 strongest shoots. If the plant branches poorly, the root shoots are only cut off by 1/3 of the length.
• It is necessary to ensure that the bush consists of branches with different ages. Each branch produces fruits for 8-10 years. Red currants should have 15-20 shoots.
• Less effort is spent on pruning this culture. The bush is not treated so carefully, as it has a less restrained growth. Therefore, excessive pruning is not needed here. Otherwise, the berries may not appear on the bush for some time or bear fruit poorly.

Watch the video! Pruning red currants in autumn

How to increase the yield of a bush

To increase the yield of currants, not only trimming the bush is required. There are other factors on which the qualitative development of the plant depends:

• the ability to create young shoots;
• timely awakening of the kidneys.

In order for the plant to be able to produce new shoots, the top of each branch should be cut off. Usually, pruning is done by half or a third of the branch. The cut is made with a sharp object 2–3 mm above the kidney. At the same time, it is important to choose the kidney that is directed to the outside of the bush.

Care after pruning

Immediately after the pruning, the currant bush requires additional nutrition in order to gain strength. To do this, the soil is carefully loosened around the bush, and then fertilizers (mineral or organic) are applied.

It is recommended to apply fertilizer in the form of:

• fresh manure;
• potassium;
• superphosphate.

Before the onset of frost, the ground around the currant bush is well covered with sawdust, and even better with peat up to 10 cm thick. To do this, stock up on 10 kg of mulch.

In order to prevent various diseases, the plant is treated with karbofos, but it is also possible with a solution of colloidal sulfur. The procedure must be done under normal weather conditions without wind and rain.

Proper pruning of currants in the fall is part of the task that leads to the qualitative development of the bush, as well as to high fee berry harvest. With good care, the plant will delight with delicious fruits for many years.

Watch the video! Proper pruning of currants

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In order to have chic currant bushes in your garden, you need to use such a strong agricultural technique as pruning. After all, it is correct pruning allows you to optimally form the crown, increase the yield, improve the quality of the berries. In addition, with the help of pruning, it is possible to delay the exposure of the inner parts of the crown, improve their growth, fruiting and fruit quality in aging shrubs, and lengthen their period of productive age. About how, when to cut currants, according to what schemes, as well as what to do with an old and neglected bush, how to care for a bush after harvesting, will be discussed in our article.

Why cut currants

The main crop of black currant is formed on branches of 1-3 years of age, for the most part on their young one-year growth. 4-year-old, and especially older 5-year-old branches give a weak growth and, accordingly, a very weak harvest, in other words, they no longer bear fruit in full force, but only suck nutrients from bush and earth. The situation is aggravated by the fact that old branches are often affected by diseases, overshadow the bush and prevent young shoots from developing.

Note! Next, we will talk about pruning nominal blackcurrant, about the nuances and differences between white and red - read in a separate paragraph.

Timely and correct pruning of currants provokes the growth of new basal shoots from the underground part of the bush, which are sometimes also called “zero” or annual ones, and also contributes to better branching of the bush on perennial branches. Thus, the constant replacement of shoots does not allow to stagnate berry bush, causing it to bear fruit abundantly every year.

Advice! In the future, when pruning currants, it will help you a lot if you know the structure of its bush.

When to cut currants in the fall: the best timing

The fact is that it is better to wait until the leaves turn yellow and fall off, so that the assimilants from the old branches have time to flow into the roots and are used by the bush as reserve nutrients in winter.

Thus, the approximate timing of pruning currants after harvesting (fruiting) is July-September, and in the fall - September-October. In the South of Russia - earlier, in more northern regions, in the same middle lane(Moscow region) - noticeably later.

When is the best time to prune - in autumn or spring

Many gardeners cannot decide when it is better to cut currants - in spring or autumn. In general, pruning can be carried out both in spring and in autumn. However, in spring the time to prune currants is noticeably less than in autumn. This is due to the fact that when spring comes, fruit buds swell very early in the shrub (in March-April), in other words, it can be problematic to be in time. If, however, pruned after bud break, then this greatly injures the shrub, which means that its fruiting will begin with some delay. Therefore, it is advisable to prune currants precisely late autumn, and in the spring to control the results.

Important! If for some reason you still missed pruning in the fall, then in principle, everything is done the same way.

How to cut currants in autumn: basic rules and recommendations

Advice! For pruning a bush, be sure to use a special garden tools(you can’t break branches with your hands), namely the most common pruner. Even better, take a pruner with long handles. Each of the devices must be sharp. This is necessary in order not to provoke painful injuries.

What branches and shoots currants need to cut after fruiting (harvesting) and in autumn:

Important! If you have shortened a branch and see that in the center she has inside black hole, that is, she struck by glass, then such an escape is subject to complete removal. Although, of course, you can try to cut it to healthy wood, but most often you have to cut it completely (down to the base).

How to properly prune branches and shoots currants in autumn

• Sick, damaged and old (4-5 year old) branches and shoots cut out completely, practically flush with the ground trying not to leave stumps.

If you leave high stumps, then in the end you may end up with a kind of "hedgehog" of stumps, but this is not necessary at all.

Thus, in the end, a 4-year-old bush should have about 9-18 zero-order branches of different ages. Classic scheme: 3-6 annual branches, 3-6 biennial branches and 3-6 three-year-old and 3-6 four-year-old branches, which you must cut.

Video: pruning currants in the fall

By the way! The tops of currants left after shortening annual branches can be conveniently used as cuttings for rooting before winter, in other words, at the same time, shrubs can be propagated using cuttings.

Video: how to cut currants in the fall

Scheme of forming pruning by years

If you are growing a shrub from scratch, planting it with an annual seedling (or), then you should adhere to a certain currant pruning scheme as it grows, or rather, form your currant bush correctly:

• After planting a seedling- everything above 4 buds from the base of the soil is removed. Such radical pruning contributes to the correct formation of the crown. The next year, at least 4-8 young shoots will grow from the remaining buds.
• after 1 year- pruning (more precisely, pinching) of the tops of all young branches 1/3 above the buds is carried out.
• after 2 years- again, pruning (pinching) of all zero shoots is carried out, as well as already parts of the skeletal branches. On 2-year-old branches, you need to get rid of the competing one-year growth up to a strong side branch (you need to leave stronger shoots with more buds) to enhance the growth of the remaining part of the branch, and for better branching, cut off all the tops of all other growths of the first and second order above their kidneys. This will provoke the growth of a young shrub not up, but in width.
• 3 years later- fully correspond to pruning on a 3-year-old seedling. It is necessary to eliminate all shoots that thicken the internal branches of the bush. If all the conditions are met correctly, then by the age of 4 you will get a lush, formed shrub.
• for 4 years and beyond- at this moment, aging growth begins to form. At the end of the season, all old branches should be rooted out. All other shoots after the 4th year of life of the plant are pruned according to the type of 2 years (3-year-old seedling). In addition, it is necessary to leave 3-6 new zero replacement shoots every year.

Important! When cutting and shaping red or white currant There are a couple of nuances that are described in a separate paragraph.

You can see an illustrated scheme for pruning currants by years in the picture below:

Video: pruning 1, 2 and 3-year-old currant bushes in autumn

What to do with an old and neglected bush - how to cut it

If you inherited an old plot, or you bought a dacha with already overly thickened currant bushes (but they are no more than 10-15 years old), which give a meager harvest, then, in principle, you can try to revive it by carrying out the correct rejuvenating pruning. And it is better to do it in 2 stages.

By the way! A currant bush can grow well and bear fruit normally for no more than 15 years (the maximum is 20 years). Then you need to get rid of it, and before that, propagating it in one of the vegetative ways.

Naturally, it is better to start with sanitary pruning currant bush, and then cut and all the old branches. The bush will be cleared, in other words, will be created the necessary conditions for the growth of young shoots of zero order. And already next year you can start pinch the tops of annual shoots for their better branching, that is, you will form a bush.

Differences in pruning red and white currants from black

One of the main differences in pruning white and red currants from black is the fact that the last cut off much more often. In other words, the black variety requires more control in growth and is accordingly pruned more frequently. In red and white currants, the growth zero shoots more discreet, moreover, she can normally bear fruit on 5-7 year old branches, while black is only for 3-4 year olds. Thus, if blackcurrants are not regularly pruned, then they will crush themselves with overgrown branches deep into the bush. The same applies to red and white currants, but in this case there is no such need to remove branches older than 4-5 years.

However! If perennial branches of red and white currants have an annual growth of less than 15 centimeters, then they should be disposed of. But with pruning old branches with multiple branches in red currants, you need to be careful, because. they give a fairly good harvest (unlike the black variety).

Video: pruning red currants to get good harvest

Another important difference in pruning is that in blackcurrant, you can not shorten the tops very much, otherwise you will be left without a significant part of the crop, while red and white can.

Video: what is the difference between pruning black and red currants

What to do after autumn pruning of currants

The activities for autumn care behind the shrub after harvest (in addition to pruning) also includes:

• cleaning the trunk circle from old mulch and loosening;
• watering and fertilizing;

Note! About, how to properly feed currants in the fall after fruiting, read.

• treatment for pests and diseases;
• shelter (mulching) for the winter.

Important! More about what and how to do in the fall in order to properly prepare currants for winter, you will learn .

It is not so difficult to prune currants in the fall, especially if you follow the advice and the proposed scheme. Over time, even novice gardeners will be able to understand and master everything.

Video: how to properly cut blackcurrant

Note! Of course, when experts show, everything seems simple and clear. But you are standing near your bush and do not know what to do, how and what to cut. Don't worry, everything comes with experience. Therefore, you need to try, not be afraid to experiment, and you will definitely succeed. Good luck!

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A novice gardener, acquiring currant seedlings and placing them in the garden, is happy to watch how every year the bush becomes thicker and more powerful. While it is relatively young, the yield can be significant, but over time, if special measures are not taken, the bush will degrade, and the size and number of fruits will decrease.

Every novice gardener must understand that in order to achieve high yield currants, not only watering and fertilizing is important, but also rejuvenating pruning of currants in the fall, and for a shrub, unlike fruit trees, neither crown formation nor compliance with the ratio of the main (conductor) and secondary branches is required.

Autumn pruning of currant bushes is carried out to achieve the following results:

• increase in productivity;
• improving the quality of berries, their size and quantity;
• an increase in the period of active life of a currant bush;
• increasing the vital activity of the bush and optimizing nutrition by removing unnecessary, intersecting, broken and old shoots.

It is clear that pruning currants in the fall for beginners is an unusual and not entirely clear job. For proper pruning, you need to know for sure that berries appear in sufficient quantities only on young shoots up to two years old. Older shoots - bear fruit poorly, but take away vital resources from the bush, which slows down the growth of young shoots. When they do the autumn pruning of currants, how to properly cut the shrub, what tools they use - this article will answer these and other questions.

The first thing that requires cutting currants in the fall for beginners is the acquisition of quality tools. Pruning tools must be sharp so that the cut surface is smooth without cracks or chips. The set of tools may be different, but it must have a high-quality pruner and a garden hacksaw with fine, well-sharpened teeth.

1. Secateurs - a tool resembling scissors, but with powerful blades that easily cut branches up to 30 mm thick. A high quality pruner should not “bite” and cut wet paper without wrinkling.
2. Hacksaw - used to work with shoots thicker than 30 mm. A garden saw differs from a wood saw, it is usually semi-circular in shape. In addition, the sharpening of the teeth is special. To obtain a neat cut, the garden hacksaw only works when moving “towards itself”.
3. A pruner is similar in design to a pruner, but has long handles. Branches are cut with a pruner hard-to-reach places.
4. Garden knife.
5. Brush cutters are special tools for tending shrubs. They easily cut shoots up to 15 mm thick.

Brief description of the currant bush

Before learning how to prune currants in the fall for beginner gardeners, you need to understand the structure, development and fruiting features of this plant.

Currant - perennial, which without proper care in a few years turns into a shapeless mass, stops bearing fruit and dies.

Only optimal scheme pruning currant bushes in the fall will rejuvenate the bush and restore its fertility. Knowing the structure of the currant bush and pruning schemes, novice gardeners will be able to quite consciously and competently carry out autumn pruning, ennoble and rejuvenate the plant, which, in response to care, will provide bountiful harvest. A description of the plant and a scheme for pruning all types of currants in pictures can be found on the Internet.

The currant bush is a perennial plant that has many shoots of different ages. They appear annually from the ground, and die off after 15 years. Different varieties differ in growth, shape of the bush, the number of replacement shoots. The first replacement shoots begin to appear from the age of 4, and then annually, until the age of 50. The term of economic operation fruit branches equal to 7-9 years for white, red and gold and 5-7 years for black currant. Over time, the shoots are overgrown with fruit formations, on which fruiting occurs. The main harvest occurs at 3-5 years of life of each shoot.

The optimal time to start autumn pruning currants

When and how to prune currants in the fall is the most important question for beginner gardeners. Experts believe that best period the beginning of pruning currant bushes is the time of late autumn, approximately at the end of November, when sap flow is completely stopped and the plant is in a state of hibernation. Often amateur gardeners ask the question - when to prune currants in autumn or spring? Yes, pruning can be postponed until spring, taking into account the rather early awakening of currants from hibernation. All work must be completed by the end of February. It is not recommended to prune a plant that has already awakened from hibernation.

Some experienced gardeners do not prune newly planted bushes for up to 2 years, but in this case, the autumn pruning of young currants consists in removing shoots that have fallen to the ground.

The process of pruning currant bushes contains a number of rules that must be strictly observed:

1. As a result of pruning, shoots that block the access of sunlight to the inner shoots of the bushes should be removed. Experienced gardeners believe that a four-year-old shrub should have no more than 6 shoots. You should not spare the shoots and allow the currant bush to grow excessively.
2. Shoots older than five years are removed without fail.
3. Be sure to remove the lateral growths of the bush, to eliminate obstacles for the penetration of sunlight to the main fruit-bearing shoots.
4. Weak shoots are removed without regret.
5. If the tops of the bush are not infected with a tick, then they should not be removed. It is easy to identify infected kidneys - they are clearly visible and differ in size and rounded shape.
6. It is necessary to remove broken, old and diseased branches. Usually these shoots are infested with pests, so it is recommended to burn them.

Step-by-step currant pruning for beginner gardeners

The sun is the basis of life on earth, and the more light the currant shoots receive, the larger and tastier the berries will be. Beginning gardeners often ask if it is possible to prune currants in the fall. You can answer simply - pruning is not only possible, but also necessary. After all, the plant can be affected by glass, which penetrates into the core of the shoot and hibernates there. If these infected branches are not removed, then with a high probability the most dangerous disease for currants, anthracnose, may appear.

Signs of diseases of currant bushes

On the tops of the shoots of a healthy currant bush, buds are formed - the basis of the next year's harvest. Before you properly prune currants in the fall, you need to pay attention to the tops of the shoots.

The tops of the shoots should be removed if the following signs appear on them:

1. Twisted leaves - signal the defeat of anthracnose or aphids.
2. There are many unnaturally thick buds on the top shoots. In 100% of cases, they contain a tick that has settled down to winter. In this case, you need to know how to process currants in the fall - pruning the entire shoot if there are many affected buds, or removing individual buds if there are a small number of them.
3. If the tops are thin and green, then they are removed without regret, because they will inevitably die from low winter temperatures.

Two-year-old currant bushes produce more fruits on last year's shoots with the simultaneous formation of new basal shoots. Usually in the second year of a bush's life, experienced gardeners begin to shorten the shoots.

In principle, pruning and preparation of currants for winter in the fall is carried out according to the recommendations of experts and is carried out in a certain sequence:

1. Pruning "zero shoots". "Zero shoot" is a shoot that has grown this year. Experienced gardeners recommend leaving no more than five strong shoots. Branches should be cut at the very base or even below ground level. Hemp is unacceptable, because. lead to decay and weakening of the bush.
2. Shade pruning is one of the tasks that fall pruning of raspberries and currants performs - improving access sun rays to each branch of the bush.
3. Shortening the tops of the bush. Promotes the formation of lateral branches of different ages.
4. Pruning diseased and old (over 4 years) branches. Shoots with signs of the disease are subject to mandatory removal, followed by burning. If such branches are not removed in time, the plant will begin to degrade and will inevitably die after a while.
5. To stimulate the plant, all branches of the bush are shortened by 10 - 15 cm. Usually, after such stimulation, an active growth is observed for the next year.

Features of pruning young currants in the fall

After being placed on garden plot seedlings in the first year of their life should not do any pruning.

And even in the second year of the growing season, you should refrain from hard pruning. You can only remove the broken and lying on the ground branches. Of course, if diseased shoots are noticed, they must be removed immediately. This is where the pruning of young currants in the fall for beginners basically ends.

Features of pruning old currant bushes

The main goal for which the currant pruning scheme is intended in the fall is to rejuvenate the old bush to prolong its active life. The characteristics of the autumn pruning depend on the age of the plant. To thin out old bush with diseased branches, sanitary autumn pruning of currants is performed step by step, as described above. Pruning diseased shoots will stop the spread of the disease and damage to neighboring bushes. Removed diseased branches should be burned immediately, otherwise the pests will return to healthy plants in the spring.

Proper pruning of an old currant bush in the fall will create a specific bush shape that is convenient for harvesting and allows sunlight to penetrate to every branch of the plant. The optimal shape is an open bowl. Beginning gardeners should learn and know how to properly prune currants in the fall, especially old bushes. After all, the fruiting of a currant branch does not exceed 5 years, and after this period they become a burden for the root system of the bush. Therefore, branches older than 5 years must be disposed of during anti-aging pruning.

All cultural fruit trees- Apple, cherry, pear and cherry trees need annual pruning. Currants, raspberries and other plants also need constant care and pruning, which stimulates growth, increases the size, number of fruits and yields. The activity of the plant grows due to the resulting imbalance - a powerful root system Provides full nutrition with the optimal number of shoots and fruits. Therefore, pruning creates for the plant favorable conditions for the growth and formation of large and tasty fruits.

Without pruning, the currant bush will not be able to bear fruit with full dedication, because the main part of the berries is tied up on last year's growth of branches of four to five years of age.

Old, dried, affected by pests and interfering with the formation of new shoots, branches must be cut regularly so that new fruit-bearing ones grow to replace them. Rejuvenating a currant bush from time to time, you can get excellent yields from it for 25 years (for black) or 15 years (for red).

When is the best time to prune currants? How to form a bush? Are there any differences in the rules for pruning black and red currants? Now let's figure it out!

Blackcurrant grows in a spreading bush, consisting of many branches. The task of the gardener is to form each bush so that it represents 15-20 branches of different ages (from zero to six years). It makes no sense to leave branches older than six years in the bush: there will be no berries on them. For correct formation bush pruning is recommended to start from the very first year of the life of the bush, that is, immediately after planting.

Pruning currant seedlings when planting

When planting a currant seedling, you will have to cut off the tops of all available shoots, leaving 2-3 buds on each branch.

You should not worry - by the end of the first year of life, a young bush will give out five or six new shoots.

Pruning currants of the second year

In the second year, young (zero) shoots are cut from the bush, leaving from three to five of the best and most powerful. These branches will become the first skeletal branches of the future bush. Do not leave shaded, feeble shoots that interfere with others.

In addition, to provide education a large number lateral shoots in the middle of summer, young branches are shortened, pinching their tops into two buds.

This procedure helps to increase small fruit twigs (fruits) on old branches, and also stimulates the growth of new zero shoots from the underground buds of the bush.

So two birds with one stone are killed with one blow: both the crop grows and the formation of the bush goes in the right direction.

Pruning currants of the third and fourth years

Everything repeats again: from the youngest (zero) shoots, a few (3-6) of the most developed and well-located are left, and all the rest are mercilessly removed. It is especially important to cut out weak and underdeveloped shoots from the middle of the bush, which can potentially “thicken” the bush, shade fruiting branches and slow down the growth of new shoots.

At last year's branches, the tops are shortened.

On the branches of the second and third years, two to four buds are left on each branch. By this time, the currant bush takes its shape and is considered fully formed.

Pruning currants in the fifth or sixth and all subsequent years

At this stage of life, old branches appear in the currant, and the first “rejuvenating” pruning is required for the bush.

So five- or six-year-old old branches must be cut near the ground along with tops (this is the name of the shoots coming from the base of the old branch), and also remove all dry, frozen, broken, drooping and lying on the ground branches, branches that interfere with each other, diseased or affected by pests.


The rest of the trimming is done according to the knurled pattern:
- at the branches of the second, third and fourth years, each branch is shortened, leaving 2-4 buds;
- the tops of the shoots of the last year are cut off;
- from the shoots of the current year, 3-5 of the most promising are left, and all the rest are removed.

When to prune currants

Pruning of currants of all kinds is recommended annually. Best time for this event - late fall(after the leaves fall). You can also do additional cutting. in early spring(before bud break), for example, prune all frozen tops and branches broken during the winter.

Dry branches can be cut at any time of the year, as soon as you notice them.

Pinching the tops of young currant shoots is usually carried out in mid-July.

Features of pruning red and white currants

Unlike black currants, red and white currants are advised to be cut in early spring or even in summer after harvest.

The formation of the bush occurs in the same way as that of blackcurrant, with one exception: the tops of last year's growths are not pinched, and the shoots of the 2nd and 3rd years are not shortened. That is, pruning red currants consists in removing old branches (moreover, in white and red currants, branches of seven or eight years old are considered old), extra zero shoots, as well as broken, diseased and frozen branches.

Old branches, but still productive branches, can be shortened to the nearest strong lateral branch, stimulating the growth of lateral shoots and thus increasing the life of the bush and the size of the berries.

A properly formed bush of red or white currant should consist of 20-25 branches from one to eight years old.

We wish you success and great harvests!

Pruning currants in autumn is one of the most milestones in bush care. The yield depends on the quality and correctness of the procedure. next year. But, if you do not know the technology and timing of pruning, on the contrary, you can reduce the fruiting of the bush.

Pruning is intended not only to form a beautiful and compact bush, but also to increase productivity. Young currant is an unpretentious crop, it gives good growth and yield. But, after 3-4 years after planting, you can notice a decrease in fruiting.

The bush grows, becomes voluminous, but the volume harvested crop decreases significantly. This is due to the fact that fruit buds are formed only on young shoots no more than 5 years old. Old branches only suck out nutrients, so you need to get rid of them.

Pruning currant bushes, in addition to productivity, helps to achieve the following goals:

• increase in berry size;
• improvement of the taste characteristics of fruits due to the removal of thickened branches and the receipt more sun rays;
• bush formation;
• stimulating the growth of young branches;
• increase in fruiting period up to 15 years;
• removal of diseased, dry or frostbitten shoots;
• acceleration of growth and development of the bush;
• stimulating the flow of nutrients to young branches.

It is in the fall that you should trim the bushes. During this period, the currant is preparing for wintering, there is no sap flow, so the plant experiences this event less painfully.

Pruning is not an easy procedure, especially for beginners. You need to know all the nuances.

Important. Pruning is carried out so that each branch is lit by the sun.

Event tools

The tool must be sharp. If previously they have already trimmed bushes and trees, then it must be disinfected in order to avoid infection of the bushes with diseases.

To remove old shoots you will need:

• Secateurs. They can remove thin branches and shoots of medium thickness.
• Garden knife. With its help, all sections are smooth, but the procedure can only be carried out on thin branches.
• Hacksaw. It can cut thick shoots. It is advisable to choose a hacksaw with small teeth.
• Lopper. This tool is needed if pruning needs to be done in hard-to-reach places. He has long arms.
• Brush cutter. It is convenient to use it to remove branches of any thickness, to shape the bush.

When choosing a tool, it is important to consider not only the sharpness of the blade, but also the ease of use.

Pruning currants in the fall - a scheme for beginners

In order not to harm the bush, you need to choose the right timing. Pruning should be done before the onset of frost, but you should not start work too early, otherwise the currant will begin to recover instead of preparing for wintering. There is a possibility that she will freeze.

The optimal time is the end of October, the beginning of November. Leaves should fall from the bush.

During the autumn pruning, it is necessary to remove the following branches:

• too thin (they may not survive the winter);
• sick and dry;
• young ones that thicken the bush;
• infertile.

Important. Sick shoots must be removed under the root and burned.

Pruning blackcurrant bushes

Pruning must be done annually. The technology differs depending on the age of the bush.

Important. When planting a young bush, it is necessary to cut off all the branches. Leave 2-3 buds on each.

Blackcurrant pruning by year:

• 1st year. It is necessary to shorten the branches, leaving shoots 10-15 cm high.
• 2nd year. 4-5 young shoots are left, the rest of the branches of this year are cut at the root. At this stage, a bush is formed.
• 3rd year. Branches of the 1st and 2nd year do not need to be touched. It is necessary to leave 4-5 new shoots that grow not inside, but outside the bush. The remaining branches of this year are removed under the root.
• 4th year. The procedure is no different from the previous year.

Rejuvenating pruning is needed for 5-6 years. During this period, the yield of old branches drops, so they need to be removed at the root, stimulating the growth of young shoots.

All sections are made with a sharp instrument towards the external kidney at a distance of 0.5-1 cm above.

Important. You can not cut a branch on a kidney, otherwise the process will die completely.

On the old bush should remain 15-20 shoots of different ages.

There is more simple technology for beginner gardeners.

Scheme for beginners:

• The first 5 years the bush is not pruned.
• In the 5th year, half of the shoots are cut out under the root (old, sick, thickening the crown). After pruning, it is important to feed the bush abundantly so that it gains strength.
• After a year, up to 20 new branches should be left, the rest of the young shoots are cut out.
• The next season, the remaining half of the old shoots are removed. It is necessary to leave up to 10 young. Branches older than five years should be discarded.

Treat cut lines with garden pitch.

The nuances of trimming red and white currants

Pruning red currants is not much different from black, but there is an important nuance. For the latter, the shortening of the tops of young shoots is highly undesirable, since fruit buds form on them. Red currant shoots can be shortened at your discretion. The main part of the berries is located in the lower part of the bush.

The life span of skeletal shoots in red and white currants is longer, therefore, old branches should be cut under the root no earlier than 7-8 years. It is impossible to shorten 2 or 3-year-old shoots, otherwise the yield will decrease.

Strongly long branches can be cut to 1/2 length, it is also worth cutting out the transverse processes. Powerful branches do not need to be touched.

Steps for pruning bushes for beginners

Beginner gardeners, in order not to get confused, need to cut the branches in a certain sequence.

Stages:

• Sanitary pruning. First, dry branches are cut out, then green shoots (if they are not ripe, they will freeze in winter). Next, you need to remove the shoots that grow towards the center of the bush, intertwine with others, or lie on the ground. AT last turn diseased and deformed branches are cut out.
• Anti-aging. Old shoots are cut out: older than 8 years for red and white currants, more than 5 years for black currants. Annual shoots are shortened by 1/3.
• Supportive. It is carried out only when the bush thickens. If the currant is 2-3 years old, you can skip this step.

If the bush is heavily thickened, since it has not been thinned out for many years in a row, many shoots cannot be removed in one year. Currant may die. You can cut no more than 1/3 of the skeletal branches.

Care after pruning

After the procedure, you need to help the bush gain strength. It is necessary to loosen the soil around and apply mineral or organic fertilizers.

Important. In autumn, nitrogen-containing fertilizers should not be applied.

It is advisable to fertilize with fresh manure, superphosphate and potassium chloride. To protect against freezing, it is necessary to cover trunk circle sawdust or peat with a layer up to 10 cm thick. 10 kg of any mulching material is enough.

For the prevention of diseases, bushes can be treated with a solution of colloidal sulfur or karbofos. Spraying is best done in dry calm weather.