How to plant begonia seeds. How to grow begonia from seeds at home. Picking tuberous begonias at home.
Let's talk in detail about sowing begonias for seedlings ... This method of reproduction is considered the most productive. Varieties of tuberous, ampelous and ever-flowering begonias are grown with seeds, which convey the varietal qualities of the flower quite well.
As a rule, begonia seeds are sown among the first, subject to additional illumination - last days December - including February. With such planting dates, the plant will have time to get stronger until autumn.
Sowing begonia seeds
These are tall begonias, about 40 cm with very wide and very colorful flowers that sprout in the middle of winter. She hails from East Asia. It has very intense green leaves and produces small pink flowers from early summer to autumn. It owes its name to the color of the leaves, a beautiful metallic green.
This plant is native to Brazil. Its features are flowers, colored unstable, white, red or pink. It blooms from early summer to autumn. This begonia is a perennial but is usually grown as an annual plant. It is native to Brazil and is a succulent plant. The flowers are white, and the leaves and stems are lined with whitish down.
If you sow ever-flowering begonia before February 15, then by the beginning of June, when planting in the ground, the seedlings will have a well-developed root system and compact bush. Flowering occurs on average 14-20 weeks after germination, depending on the begonia variety.
With a very early sowing of seeds of ever-flowering begonia by the time of planting in open ground plants are overgrown. This leads to poor survival of seedlings and loss of decorative effect. Fewer flowers form on elongated shoots, and flowering begins even in the greenhouse.
They want intense light, but not direct sunlight. They need a lot of light but do not have direct sunlight. In March - April, the tubers are taken and placed in compost formed by peat and heather soil to get a slightly acidic soil, and the tubercle is planted with the concave part pointing upwards so that they remain uncovered Buds at 15 ° C leave at least 3 cm between the edge of the pot and tubers. The pots are once kept in the dark and then gradually come out into the light until they reach intense light.
For tuberous begonia the best term sowing is January (optimally until the middle of the month), so that by the time of planting in the ground, the plants have time to form well-developed leaves and buds. In this case, the plant will bloom in the same year (6-6.5 months after planting the seeds) and will have time to form large tubers with a diameter of 2.5-3 cm.
For comparison, planted tubers bloom in 4.5-5 months.
As the first shoots are born, the young plants are transferred to pots with a muddy substrate. So when we are at the end of June we will have a bloom that usually lasts until September. The growing medium should be aerated but without drafts. They want moisture, so correct rule is to place the pot on a layer of gravel where it will always be present in the water. They want to spray, but try not to wet flowers that might otherwise be blotchy. At the end of February, if the roots have occupied the entire substrate at their disposal, it is necessary to cut it a little so that it replenishes with energy and receives more correct form.
The timing of sowing is of great importance for the formation of tubers in begonias. The most developed tubers, 2.5-3 cm in diameter, are obtained at the December and January sowing dates, which are well preserved during dormancy.
The tubers of the February sowing are somewhat smaller, they can bloom only in next year. At winter storage may fall by 30-35%. Later cultivation for the winter will leave not quite developed tubers of begonias, which may cause death.
All begonias, regardless of species, require high humidity, but at the same time they do not need to be soaked, because they easily attack plants with fungi. good rule is to maintain a humid environment, but at the same time provide ventilation without creating currents that are very harmful.
Begonias need to be watered frequently according to the outside temperature, however, it is still necessary to dry the surface carefully between one irrigation and another. AT winter period irrigation should be drastically reduced and only water when the surface of the substrate is dry.
The process of planting begonia seeds in bowls...
The soil is prepared from humus, leaf soil and sand in a ratio or ready-made Begonia soil. Prior to planting, the substrate is moistened with a solution of foundationazole or potassium permanganate for disinfection, excess water is drained, allowed to dry and sowing begins.
Very small seeds are sown in shallow containers, on a slightly compacted surface. earth mixture, without termination, germinate in the light. Cover with a transparent cap or glass and put in a warm place with a temperature of 20 ... 22 ° C. In the morning, water from a spray bottle and leave the crops open for an hour to air.
Only tuberose begonias need less water. In autumn, when the leaves begin to fall, irrigation is suspended. As for fertilization, they all follow the same rule: in winter, fertilizers are hung, while throughout the spring and summer it must be paid regularly every 15 days with a higher potassium titer.
As for the type of fertilizer to be supplied, there are many types of marketing, so good rule- read the label required by the composition. For these plants, which produce a large number of flowers, it is preferable to use fertilizers with quite high content potassium.
Growing begonias from seeds at home is available to everyone ...
It is convenient to sow when begonia seeds are enclosed in special granules. It remains only to press them into the ground and lightly sprinkle the crops to destroy the shell and ensure the contact of the seeds with the ground. Otherwise, everything is the same - transparent shelter, care and maintenance.
Sowing in peat tablets
Usually the begonia is not trimmed. They cut only the basal leaves, which are gradually dried out so that they do not become a carrier of parasitic diseases. Be careful that the utensils used for cutting are clean and sanitized to avoid tissue contamination.
It adopts a healthy and vigorous leaf and is divided into many square pieces about 2-3 cm to the side. Place the individual parts, bottom side down, on the tray with peas and sand in equal parts, pre-moistened. Fasten the individual parts with wire so that they are completely fixed to the ground.
Small seedlings do not respond well to waterlogging, with watering carefully, it is also important not to overdry them. Avoid condensation on inside glass, to prevent rotting of seedlings. Therefore, it is better to place the containers at an angle so that moisture flows from the glass to one side.
After two weeks, the glass is lifted onto stands, then removed completely. The temperature is gradually reduced to 17 ... 19 degrees, the seedlings are shaded to protect them from direct sun rays.
Seedling care and picking
In the case where the leaves are very wrinkled and therefore difficult to get it to adhere perfectly to the ground, it is better to lay the leaf of the leaf directly on the ground so that the largest rib is buried. The tray must be covered transparent plastic or glass. Only new plants are born and then placed in intense light, but not in direct sunlight. When they are large enough to be manipulated, they will be transplanted, taking care in any case not to damage any part of the plant, using soil such as that indicated for mature plants.
Plants dive when two or three true leaves are formed, given the distance between them 5-10 cm. A month later, they make a second dive, doubling the area. A couple of weeks after the second pick, begonia seedlings can be fed complex fertilizer. In the spring, when the seedlings grow up, they are transplanted into separate pots.
They are usually propagated by cuttings or tuber division in April when the first buds are born. The cuttings are removed from basal buds about 10 cm long and are preferably taken with a small portion of tubers and planted in a mixture of sand and peat in equal parts.
Growing from seeds - begonia conquers the world
Larger tubers may also be cut into pieces so that each piece has at least one yolk. They are multiplied by cutting leaves and stems or seeds. Since the seeds are small, to bury them, push them under the substrate using a piece of flat wood.
If the seedlings are intended for planting in the garden, then in early May they are moved to a greenhouse. On warm sunny days, young begonia plants are opened, and at the end of the month, the shelter is removed to harden the seedlings. A week before planting, seedlings are fed with potassium phosphate at the rate of 5 g per 10 liters of water.
begonia incredible beautiful plant and deserves to be grown from seeds - a very long process, but interesting.
Use a sprayer to completely moisten the soil until germination occurs. The tray should be covered with a clear plastic or glass lid that will ensure good temperature and prevent too fast drying mud. Among all plants born, there will undoubtedly be some less vigorous than others.
Begonia propagation methods
Find and remove them; this will provide more space for more robust plants. When they are large enough to be cultivated, they will be transplanted with great care not to damage any part of the plant, using soil such as that indicated for mature plants.
Foreword
cultivation tuberous begonia from seeds in the house has its own subtleties and secrets. Knowing them and adhering to correct algorithm planting and care, you can get amazing flowers that will become the main highlights of your house flower bed or flower garden on the balcony.
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Before you start planting begonias for a flower bed, it is worth noting that count on good result only possible if you plant several types of plants with different shades of flowers. But not everyone can afford to buy a large number of plants. In addition, absolutely no one can guarantee that the flower will not die during transplantation. The most reliable way would be to plant and grow a plant at home. Thus, you can get the number of colors and with those shades that you need for.
They can also be multiplied by cutting the leaves and stem. Leaves with a clear burn. If the leaves show this symptom, it means that the plant has been exposed to direct sunlight, especially if it has been damp when in the sun. This is a classic symptom of overwatering or too high a temperature.
Remedies: Move the plant to a cooler location or let the surface dry. gray mold on a bunch of leaves and on flowers. The fungus infects leaves, flowers, and also the stem, where it appears with dark brown lesions. Protective measures: Remove damaged parts, increase ventilation, avoid drafts and let the plant dry. Then treated with specific fungicides.
begonia flowers
Growing tuberous begonia at home is not as easy as it seems. To get a sufficient number of young stems and be sure of their further flowering, you need to consider all the features of their cultivation. Begonia has several hybrid forms, each of which belongs to perennial tuberous plants herbal type. Each of the begonia hybrids has branching fleshy stems. Depending on the shape of the bushes and the size of the flowers, there are several hybrid types of tuberous begonia:
The presence on the leaves of a white form of a powdery aspect with a typical mushroom odor. The fungus first appears as isolated whitish spots that gradually converge with emerging spots that carry leaves from the central part. This leads to curling of the leaves along the central veins and death of the leaf.
There are several groups of begonias
Treat then with specific fungicides or gray powders. The name of the genus Begonia was given to Michel Begon, ruler of the Antilles, by Charles Plumier, a Franciscan who introduced the plant to Europe. Heights on cracks rocks. All have in common that they need a place with light and high humidity. They need a temperature between 17º and 23º. For large-leaf Begonia Rex hybrids and other members of this group, the sun is very dangerous because it causes large burns on their leaves.
- large-flowered, with flower sizes from 9 to 21 cm;
- mid-flowered - flower sizes up to 8 cm;
- small-flowered, or multiflora;
- ampelous - flowers appear on a long vine.
When choosing a hybrid for your flower bed, the grower must remember that each type of begonia has its own way of relating to lighting. Large-flowered begonia loves partial shade and actively blooms in such conditions. Hybrids with smaller flowers like plenty of sunlight. Without exception, all tuberous begonia hybrids have a negative attitude to sudden changes in temperature and weak frosts. Flowering also noticeably worsens with insufficient watering. In this case, the roots of the plants cannot develop and the begonia will most likely die.
They need light earth rich in humus in which they thin cloth roots can extend horizontally. Begonias are one of the plants most widely used in horticulture to form arrays and borders and as potted plants for patios and terraces. When irrigated, they need good irrigation in the summer and during flowering, so that the ground never dries out and also does not become soaked.
Preparing and planting seeds
Flower begonias are common annual plants, with light pink to dark pink flowers; May have single, double or semi-double flowers. There are varieties that bloom almost all year round and these are begonias for outdoors, to form arrays and planters; There are varieties of many sizes and different colors.
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Growing begonias from seeds is difficult because the seeds of the plant are very small. To make planting easier, the manufacturer covers each of the seeds with a special soluble shell. Sowing seeds in a substrate prepared in advance is carried out in two ways. In the first case, seeds can be sown directly into the soil, after which the soil must be moistened with growth stimulants. In the second case, granulated begonia seeds are laid out on a thin layer of snow. As soon as it melts, the seeds will fall into moist soil.
These semi-shrub species can reach two meters in height and, if properly cared for, will keep their flowers for much of the year. The flowers appear in hanging clusters and are quite large in red or pink. This group of begonias does not weather well; Avoid moving them and need a clear spot but no direct light.
During flowering we have a lot of water, but avoid soaking. You can vaporize the leaves, but don't wet the flowers. You will need weekly fertilizer during flowering. Pruning must be intensive before they germinate. Agricultural land will be good, rich in humus. Its reproduction is very easy with the help of a trunk.
Young begonia seedling
After sowing, the seed container must be covered with a transparent film. In the process of growing tuberous begonias, constantly monitor the temperature in the room. Most actively shoots develop at a temperature of 20 to 25 ° C. The soil must be constantly moist, otherwise the seed coats may harden and prevent young shoots from hatching.
Begonia Rex is a representative of leafy begonias. This is well known to flower lovers and has been around for over a hundred years. Rex begonia is a plant native to the forests of East India, and when crossed with other pure begonia originating in Borneo, Rex hybrids appeared, more adapted to growing in the interior, although its flowering in the second term, behind the visibility of the leaves.
The worries are like the worries of shrub begonias. The ideal location is the north-facing exhibition; For large-leaf Begonia Rex hybrids and other members of this group, the sun is very dangerous because it causes large burns on their leaves.
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We prevent the soil from drying out, but never soak, and watering from below is ideal. Care must be taken not to wet the leaves. This is during the summer, provided that each part bears at least the main nerve; Also through whole leaves, which are cut into the main nerves and placed on top of a peat substrate.
Reproduction and transplantation of begonias
They also spread very easily by dividing the rhizome. In winter you have a rest period and you can lose leaves, but nothing happens, if the plant is good, then you will restore them. Begonias are known for their radiant flowers and radiant foliage. Begonias are relatively easy to care for, planted indoors or outdoors. However, for gardeners, each type of begonia has a different culture structure that must be followed to ensure its growth and successful distribution. Know the details and growing requirements of the begonia varieties you plan to plant and produce a crop that will work best in environment your greenhouse.
You can breed tuberous begonia not only by sowing seeds. You can get healthy bushes with an abundance of flowers using a tuber, by dividing it, or using leafy cuttings. One of the most common ways is to grow begonias from a tuber. It is necessary to collect material for planting immediately after the last flowers of the donor bush have faded. To do this, we dig up begonia tubers, leaving a large amount of earth on them, and wait for the soil to dry. After that, we place the tubers in a container with peat and sand and leave for the winter.
Propagation of begonia tubers
To save the tuber in winter, a vessel with earth must be watered from time to time. As soon as the cold weather passes, the tubers will need to be cleaned from the ground and transplanted to a permanent place.
Another popular method is the division of an adult healthy tuber. This planting method is also used after winter frosts. For planting, the tuber must be divided into several parts. The height of each of the halves should not be more than 10 cm. During the division of the tuber, at least one bud must be left on each of its parts. In the place of the cut, you need to apply a large amount of crushed ash.
Plant the cut parts of the tuber in a container with moist soil. Seedlings should stand in vertical position. We cover the vessel with a transparent film or glass and put it in warm room with lots of sunshine. As soon as the plant takes root, the first leaves will appear on the stem. Noticing this, immediately remove the film and transplant the begonia into a separate container. To keep the stem growing, water it often and feed it with special fertilizers.
The cutting method is not as popular as the first two. For this method of planting, it is necessary to choose a stalk on which there are at least 2 buds. The leaves growing on it must be cut in half. For rooting seedlings, it is necessary to use a substrate consisting of half sand and peat. A hole is made in the soil and the prepared stalk is carefully placed in it. Next, the vessel must be covered with a transparent bag or put a cut plastic bottle on top. While the cutting will take root, it is necessary to regularly collect the resulting condensate from the container lid. If everything is done correctly, then the roots will appear within 3 weeks after planting.
4 Secrets of care - how to grow a beautiful and healthy plant?
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Tuberous begonia is very sensitive to various top dressings. Therefore, during the growing season, the plant is fertilized at least 2-3 times. It is best not to apply one type of top dressing, but to add both organic and. For the first time, top dressing should be added during the formation of buds 10–14 days after transplantation. From the range organic dressings it is best to use mullein. Before adding, it is worth calculating the proportion. To get a good result, you need to take 10 liters per 1 m2. fertilizer and add 2 g of boric acid to it.
Fertilizers for flowers
As soon as the first flowers appear, it is worth adding fertilizer again. The plant will need complex top dressing with phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium in the composition. Each of the components should be at least 80 g. The third dressing should be added no earlier than after 2 weeks. The composition of the fertilizer should include 20 parts of mullein and 1 part of magnesium sulfate. For the fourth time, you will need to add to the soil potash fertilizer, and in the fifth - potassium-phosphorus top dressing with the addition of 15 g of magnesium sulfate.
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If you do not follow the basic rules of care, begonia can get sick. For example, often the plant weakens due to excess water or lack of light. In such cases, it is worth changing the environment around the plant and finding a new habitat for it.
One of the most common diseases of tuberous begonia is the appearance powdery mildew. The main symptoms of this disease are white round spots on the leaves, somewhat reminiscent of plaque. After some time, the spots merge, and the leaves turn brown and dry out. To cure a plant, it should be sprayed with special solutions based on colloidal sulfur. If you notice the disease at its first stage, then a copper-soap solution can help begonias. To prepare it, you need to take a liter of water, 2 g of vitriol and 25 g of laundry soap.
Powdery mildew on begonia leaves
In warm weather with high humidity, the plant often suffers from gray rot. In this case, the leaves and flowers of begonias are covered with a dark gray bloom, which later turns into a brownish rot. Mucus may appear on the begonia buds, and the leaves will begin to turn black and twist. The stems will also succumb to changes - they will become brittle. As soon as the humidity level decreases, the damaged areas of the leaves will dry out and fall out, leaving small holes in the leaves.
Another disease is provoked by microscopic fungi. To destroy them, begonia is worth processing blue vitriol. For the purpose of prevention, the room with the plant should be ventilated more often and reduce watering. Often, begonia suffers from bacterial spotting. The main symptoms of this disease include the appearance of watery spots on the underside of the leaves. After a while, the spots will begin to darken, and the shoots will become black. To protect the begonia, once every 2 weeks it should be sprayed with copper oxychloride. Affected leaves should be immediately removed from the stem, and the soil should be disinfected. special preparations Or warm up a bit.
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What to do if you did everything right, but for some reason your plant stubbornly does not want to bloom? What is it connected with? There may be several reasons. This plant is quite capricious, therefore, first of all, you should pay attention to the conditions in which it is located. Experts advise moving the plant to the northern part of the house and waiting a couple more days. The presence of flowers on the begonia stem directly depends on the age of the plant. The older it is, the more flowers there will be, and the more stable they will be.
blooming begonia
On a plant grown from tubers, the first flowers may appear only by the end of summer - 2–2.5 months after transplanting into the soil. The number of buds and flowers is strongly affected by the lack of light, dry air or the presence of drafts. In all these cases, it is worth immediately eliminating the interfering factor. If necessary, stop adding fertilizers based on nitrogen or potassium to the soil. Experts often advise completely replacing the earth in a pot. To do this, the plant must be carefully pulled out of the container and the roots washed, after which it immediately returns to the pot filled with new earth.
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