Vibratory sander for wood. How to choose a wood sander: types and scope of application. Best in professional group

Let's start with the classification - each variety has its own pros and cons, its own specialization. If you need to process large surfaces at high speed, and at the same time do not have the opportunity to sharpen the same drill or chisel, choose belt sander, which, if desired, can also be used as a sharpening machine. But keep in mind that not all models have the option of fastening on the side or top with a ribbon! In addition, high productivity, ensured by a belt running quickly in a circle, will also require “direct handling” - by pushing or holding the machine in place, it is easy to “dig” an unevenness in an almost ideal plane. A couple more disadvantages are the complexity of the design, the presence of a belt drive and the need to buy ready-made tapes the required size.

Vibrating machines have a rectangular or “iron-shaped” (for working in corners) sole, quickly oscillating back and forth with a certain amplitude. Such machines are simple in design (you can buy an amateur one inexpensively, without particularly risking reliability) and have good performance. For them, you can easily cut sandpaper from a sheet yourself, especially if the manufacturer has included in the kit a device for perforating holes in sheets. Even a beginner will master such a machine quickly. But, if you don’t plan to work with wood, it’s better to look away eccentric (orbital) machines- they are, of course, more complicated, and you will have to buy wheels with Velcro, but it is easier to ensure the cleanliness of the surface with an “orbit” (the wheel does not “slither” back and forth, but also rotates during grinding), and it is more convenient to work along curves. It’s not for nothing that you’ll see these types of cars in any auto body shop: here you have to constantly bring curved surfaces to zero. But for wood that needs to be sanded along the grain, an eccentric machine is not suitable precisely because of the principle of operation; in the hands of carpenters, only vibrating “surface sanders” are used.

In addition to the power, convenience and level of vibration that you need to pay attention to when choosing any power tool, be sure to make sure that the main components of the machine have good dust protection and especially the efficiency of dust removal: it is not always possible to connect a vacuum cleaner, and it is simply dangerous to use some models of sanders without a respirator, so They throw a lot of dust into the air in the work area.

A wood sander is an indispensable tool when carrying out finishing works. Thanks to its use, the process of polishing and grinding is greatly accelerated. wooden surfaces. The unit itself is convenient and compact, which makes it possible not only to quickly but also efficiently level walls, floors, furniture and other wooden surfaces.

Currently there are four types grinding machines, which differ in scope, design, operating principle and other criteria. For carpentry and joinery work, as well as repair and construction types works can be used following types grinding machines:

1. LShM – belt grinding machines;
2. VShM – vibration grinders;
3. OSHM – orbital sander;
4. Delta sander.

The choice of machine is directly influenced by the scale of the work to be done (for home or professional use).

Belt sander

The belt sander is ideal for professional use.

Design belt type includes two rollers (driver and driven), which, during their movement, drive a belt mounted on the sole of the tool. Depending on its pricing policy, this tape can be made from various materials.

Important technical characteristics all grinders have their operating speed, which depends directly on the power a certain model. For a LSM, this value can be in the range from 500 W to 1200 W at a speed of 75-500 m per minute. Most manufacturing companies equip their products with a special regulator that allows you to control the belt speed.

The capabilities of the tool also depend on the dimensions and other features of this tape. Therefore, the following factors must be taken into account during the selection process:

1. Length and width. The higher their values, the more functional the model is. However, as these indicators increase, the weight of the machine, as well as its parameters, also increases.
2. Grain level. Typically, professionals recommend having several varieties in stock, which are intended for fine and rough grinding. Thus, you can count on the expected result of the work.

In general, LSMs are industrial units with fairly high power. With their help you can process large areas and as a result get perfect smooth surface. It will be difficult for a person without experience to operate the sander, which can lead to damage to the wooden surface.

Belt type machines are ideal for rough and fast processing of wood, metal and plastic surfaces.

Vibration sander

The most popular type among all grinding machines.

According to the frequency of processing of wooden surfaces vibration machine slightly inferior to the tape type. With its help, the final (finishing) stage of grinding wooden, plastic, metal or stone flat surfaces occurs.

The main part of the machine is a plate that makes frequent reciprocating movements. The rotation of the shaft itself is translated into translational movements of the platform due to a vertically located motor.

What to look for when choosing this tool:

• Sole quality. The grinding machine must have a perfectly flat, high-quality sole with clear geometry. Cheaper options include a platform made of plastic or steel, while more expensive options include magnesium and aluminum alloys.
• The material from which the pad is made. A pad made of a porous polymer is considered best, while rubber works worse on a flat surface.

The vibrating sander qualitatively processes any surface. This best option for processing hard-to-reach places.

Orbital sander

The Bosch GEX 125–150 AVE model has a power of 400 W, which can easily stretch the sole up to 15 sq. cm.

An orbital or eccentric machine has a round sole, while the sanding element itself is attached using a special Velcro. The unit includes a counterweight and an eccentric, which operate the sole in several directions.

The product can operate in two ways:

1. By rotating in orbit;
2. By rotating along the axis.

Axial movement in most models occurs by inertia, less often - forced. As a result of its complex movement and high speed of the machine, a high quality surface is obtained without any flaws. Dust is discharged out through special holes on the grinding wheel, as well as on the sole itself. Containers or a vacuum cleaner are used to collect it.

Features of the models:

• The power of the grinder can vary between 200-900 W. The higher the value, the more productive the tool will be.

• Forward speed. Grinders with adjustment can have this indicator in the range of 4000-14000 rpm, without adjustment - up to 12000 rpm.
• Sole type. If delicate grinding is required, then you should not choose a large sole, which also has a dead zone and an amplitude of up to 7 mm. For processing convex surfaces, it is advisable to use an elastic plate.

The compact sole can handle even hard-to-reach surfaces.

• Plate material. Optimal choice is a metal plate that has high strength and reliability, conducts heat well, and is also particularly stable.

The orbital type is designed to carry out the polishing and grinding process at a high level.

Delta sander

This type of sanding machine is designed for processing surfaces not only of wood, but also of metal, plastic and stone. According to the principle

Compact and versatile delta sander.

They work similar to vibration models. Their peculiarity is the shape of the plate, which makes it possible to perform high-quality grinding work even in hard-to-reach places.

The movements of the sole are carried out at high speed and have a reciprocating appearance. A suitable choice for both home and professional use powerful model with the ability to regulate the speed of its operation. Thus, it becomes possible to work with several types of surfaces.

A wide range of modern products allows you to choose models with special holes for dust removal, the ability to install additional attachments, rotating soles and other operating features.

The delta sander is designed for polishing and cleaning any surface, even in hard-to-reach places.

• Important details. Before choosing a specific model, you should check all moving parts for play, as well as the degree of accuracy of fit of the body components.
• Noise and vibration levels. To evaluate these indicators, it is worth turning on the selected model directly in the store. This is the only way to evaluate its performance.
• Cost of components. It is worth checking in advance what the cost will be possible repairs, consumables and components that may be needed during the work process.

There is no need to rush into choosing a grinding machine. Only by carefully weighing all the pros and cons can you purchase quality tool, allowing to produce renovation work at a high level.

Processing most types of wood, due to its not too dense structure, is not particularly difficult. But if you need to achieve high quality, prepare the material for subsequent coating (for example,), then you will have to spend a lot of time and effort using only traditional methods (plane, file + sandpaper). Unfortunately, not every home has a wood sander.

And first of all, for the reason that not everyone is familiar with its capabilities. This article will help you not only understand that a good owner really needs a wood sander, but will also tell you how to choose it correctly.

They differ in design, principle of operation and precision of wood processing. Consequently, the specifics of the application. What exactly to choose, you will have to decide on your own, based on the purpose for which you are purchasing the power tool.

Belt type machines

Belt type sanders are the most common in everyday life. They can carry out rough processing not only any wooden blank, but also samples made of plastics and metals. Such machines will not be able to polish the surface to a mirror shine, but using them to eliminate obvious defects and level the base is not a problem. And quite quickly. All you need to do is install the tape with optimal size grains

Belt CMM device

Like any electric tool, it includes a low-power electric motor and an actuator in the form of rollers. An abrasive belt is stretched over them, forming a closed loop. When you turn on the sanding machine, the rollers begin to rotate and the “skin” begins to move. The quality of processing is determined mainly by the clamping force and the grain size of the installed blade.

What to evaluate when choosing

• Power of the grinding machine. For the “household tools” category, 1 kW is sufficient. You're unlikely to need more.
• Speed ​​control range. The larger it is, the wider the scope of application of the grinder. Such grinding machines work with any type of “skin”, therefore, they are suitable for processing various materials - metals (rust removal, pre-polishing), wood (cleaning, cutting off remaining knots, and so on).
• Linear parameters of the tape (mm). For household models, the standard width is 76, but there is a certain length size range(standard) - 457, 533 and 610. The latter samples are larger, but with their help it is more convenient to process workpieces such as boards, logs, timber or decking with a large area.

If the CMM is needed only for “spot” work - leveling minor segments, smoothing the surface in certain areas, then you can get by with a machine with a 400 belt. Such models are cheaper.

• Centering mechanism. During operation, the tape constantly shifts (“leaves” the rollers), and it has to be periodically corrected. The presence of a special device greatly simplifies this task, since the adjustment is done automatically and you don’t have to waste time on it.

The starting price for belt sanders is 3,468 rubles.

Examples

“Makita” (series 9910K) - a power of 0.65 kW is enough to process not only wood, but also metals. The belt speed is not adjustable (270 rpm), so the scope of application is somewhat limited, although for household use that's enough. Parameters of the abrasive cloth (mm): width – 75, length – 450. Price – 9,180 rubles.

"Bosch" (PBS 75 A series)– power 0.7 kW, abrasive belt speed (76 x 530) 350 rpm, weight 3.2 kg. Price – 7,590 rubles.

Brush models

They are classified into a separate group, although this is just a type of tape CMM. The working tool is a brush mounted on a shaft, which does the roughest work.

What can you do with such models?

• Removal of foreign deposits (scale, rust, oxides).
• Removing a layer old paint.
• Cleaning wooden surfaces (plank and parquet floors, external walls and the like).

With certain skills, brush sanders are used to artificially age wood products.

What to evaluate when choosing

• What kind of “tool” can be equipped with – types and sizes of brushes and abrasive cloths.
• Weight. It must provide sufficient pressing force for the ball mill to the base being processed. Optimally – at least 4 kg.
• Shaft diameter. This parameter defines maximum speed rotation, hence the quality of wood processing.

Price – from 6,490 rubles.

Examples

"Makita" (series 9741) - power 0.86 kW; brush diameter 13 mm; speed – up to 3,500; weight 4.2 kg. Price – 29,320 rubles.

"Makita" (AG1014P) - low-power equipment (1.4 kW) with a speed of up to 3,000. Weight - 3.3 kg. Accordingly, the price is lower - only 7,280 rubles.

Vibrating type CMM

Grinding machines of this type are used for finishing surfaces. It is advisable to purchase them when the quality of grinding is the determining factor. For example, when restoring furniture, before covering the wood with stain and varnish. Such work requires special care, since the smallest defects are clearly visible through the applied transparent layer.

A modification of the vibrating CMM is a machine with a delta-shaped working part. Its application is specific - processing wood in corners, recesses, grooves and the like, so they are rarely used in everyday life. But if the owner deals with wood processing all the time, then it’s worth paying attention.

What to evaluate when choosing

There are 2 main parameters:

• Speed. Similar to tape models - adjustment limits.
• Processing depth. Such machines are excellent for working with samples on the surface of which there are significant differences in height. For example, after drying the material, if it was organized in violation of technology.

The starting price of the models is from 1,650 rubles.

Examples

"DeWALT" (series D 26441)– sole 115 x 140 (mm); power 0.23 kW; stroke size 1.4 mm; Velcro clip. Price – 5,458 rubles.

"Metabo" (SR 2185 series)– abrasive 93 x 185; power 0.2 kW; platform stroke – 2 mm; fastening the working element with Velcro. Price – 7,390 rubles.

Eccentric sanders

If you need to bring the wood to a mirror shine, you should use exactly this model. But the scope of application is limited - only for surfaces with correct geometry. If the base is curved, especially curly, this is not an option. We'll have to look for another method of grinding.

What to evaluate when choosing

• Power. For household use up to 750 W is sufficient.
• Amplitude of oscillations. Optimally - from 5 to 7 mm.

Increasing these characteristics leads to an increase in the cost of the grinding machine. In fact, these are already professional models. It is up to the buyer to decide whether to choose them for the home or not.

• Fastening the working “tool”.

It will take more time to change the element, but consumables cheaper. These are the types of CMMs that are mainly purchased for domestic use.

The only plus is the speed of replacing the working element. Convenient - yes. There are more disadvantages - the cost of “consumables” is higher, and not every modification of them is suitable for a certain CMM model. You may have to search online and pay for shipping.

Price – from 2,190 rubles.

Examples

"Elitech" (MSE 0412E series)– power 0.4 kW; 125 mm disc; speed adjustment ranging from 6,000 to 13,000; amplitude – 2 mm; frequency from 12,000 to 26,000. There is a connection to a vacuum cleaner; power cord – 3 m. Price – 2,870 rubles.

"Makita" (BO5030K series)– 0.3 kW; disk 125; speed – 12,000; frequency – 24,000; amplitude – 5.5 mm. The CMM kit includes containers for collecting dust. Price – 6,290 rubles.

The question is far from idle, since the market is literally saturated various models wood sanders, and each is positioned as one of the best. What do you recommend?

When systematically using a sander for a variety of operations, it is worth focusing on time-tested brands - Makita, Bosch and DeWalt. A little more expensive, but they definitely won’t let you down even with intensive use.

If the owner picks up a CMM only occasionally, for short-term use, it is enough to purchase a model of the “Skil” or “Kress” brand. Among the sanders household class about them greatest number positive feedback.

Practice shows that while the rules for choosing a grinding machine are generally clear to everyone, the same cannot be said about the criteria by which an abrasive blade is evaluated. This is the question that puzzles many.

What to look for

• Abrasive material. For most types of work, belts with zirconium grains are best suited. All rough cleaning of the surface is carried out with just such a cloth. But after processing, scratches remain on the wood that need to be leveled out. This is done with a tape containing aluminum oxide particles. Therefore, you need to purchase a kit - for basic processing and “finishing”.
• Grain density (pieces/inch). This parameter is related to the size of the abrasive granules. Grinding is carried out by sequential installation of belts. First - at 65, then - at 120.

Finishing (fine) sanding of wood is always carried out in the direction of the fibers, and rough sanding is carried out at an angle to them.

Dust removal from working area produced in different ways. But from a practical point of view, it is not recommended to purchase sanding machines equipped with bags. Once the supply of containers runs out, problems will arise in purchasing them. Verified. It is better to choose a CMM that can be attached to a vacuum cleaner. Much more convenient.

A grinding machine is called a special construction tool, designed for abrasive cleaning of the surface of all kinds of materials. One of the varieties of such equipment is designed specifically for working with wood. Such grinding machines, in turn, are also divided into several main types.

What type of equipment to choose

Wood sanders can be classified according to several criteria. There are, for example, professional and household tools on the market. Also, a wood sander can be:

angular;

direct;

tape, intended for rough surface treatment;

vibration, used for delicate grinding;

eccentric (orbital).

The latest type of equipment can be used not only for final sanding, but also for polishing wooden surfaces.

Professional or household?

When deciding which sander to choose for wood, you should first take into account how often it will be used on the farm in the future. Professional equipment this type has a very more power and is intended for continuous use and continuous operation throughout the day. Such instruments are made from the most quality materials and usually have more power. But such machines are often very expensive.

If the tool will be used only from time to time, as needed, it is, of course, worth purchasing its inexpensive budget household version. In most cases, these machines are designed to be used for no more than 20 hours per month. A household wood tool should work for a maximum of 3 hours per day. In this case, when grinding, you need to take short breaks of 15 minutes.

The power of household equipment is also relatively small. The advantages of such wood sanders include, first of all, their low weight and low cost.

Corner models

It is this type of equipment that living conditions is used most often. In another way, an angle grinder for wood is called an angle grinder. It can be used to process not only timber, boards and logs, but also any other materials. Grinders are used in household not only for grinding surfaces. Very often they are also used to cut metal or stone.

When choosing an angle grinder, you should pay attention to two main factors: the power of the model and the diameter of the disc.A grinder is suitable for sanding wood:

power 600-1000 W;

with a disk rotation speed of about 6000 rpm.

Straight machines

Such equipment is usually used to carry out various kinds minor works, requiring high precision. In most cases, straight models of wood sanders are very lightweight. You can even hold them with one hand while working. The spindle in this type of equipment is located parallel to the body. The following machines are used with attachments different types. Therefore, with their help, you can perform not only grinding itself, but also engraving, as well as cutting materials of small thickness.

Tape equipment

A wood sander of this design can be used both at home and in large workshops. Power and performance band tools are distinguished by high But processing of the material using them can only be done quite roughly.

The main elements of the belt equipment mechanism are:

driven and driving rollers;

support sole;

movable tape.

The power of a belt sander for wood can be 500-1200 W. The rollers in such equipment move at a speed of 75-500 meters per minute.

When choosing equipment of this type, in addition to productivity, you should also pay attention to such a parameter as the width of the belt. You should also look at what additional functionality the model has. Very often, belt sanders are supplemented, for example, with the following convenient device, like a pipe for a vacuum cleaner. Also, sometimes equipment of this type comes complete with a stationary installation and a frame for measuring the grinding depth.

Vibration models

Belt sander for wood,thus used for rough surface finishing. For more delicate grinding, vibrating equipment is usually used. Workingsolesuchcars has rectangular shape. Therefore, such a tool can also be used for thoroughgrindingworkpiece corners. During operation, the machine platform makes reciprocating movements. Abrasives can be attached to the sole of the equipment with Velcro or clips.

Thus, the vibrating machine is intended specifically for finishing machining.wood sander. How to choosesuch a model is a relatively simple question.Atpurchasing equipment of this type home handyman you should pay attention first of all to ethpower and number of vibrations of the sole per minute. Vibratory grinders can also differ in the amplitude of platform displacement. The power of this type of equipment varies between 110-600 W. At home, 250-300 W devices are usually used. The sole of this type of machine can vibrate at a frequency of 6-25 thousand times per minute. The higher this indicator, the more productive the model, of course.

The vibration amplitude of such equipment is usually in the range of 1.5-5 mm. For the most delicate processing, those machines are suitable for which this indicator is 1.5-2.5 mm. Equipment with a larger amplitude of platform movement is usually used for coarser grinding.

Orbital models

This type of wood sander works on approximately the same principle as a vibration sander. The only difference is that in orbital equipment the platform moves along a more complex trajectory. This is why when using eccentric machines the surface is almost perfect. Such devices process materials better than vibration devices. But they also cost more, of course.

Grinding machines of any design are often supplemented with dust removal systems. The presence of such a function usually does not have a very serious impact on the cost of equipment. But at the same time, processing the material with a tool with a dust collector can be of much higher quality. In addition, the wood sander itself, whether eccentric, belt, angular or vibrating, supplemented with such a system, can last much longer (due to cooling through ventilation holes while working).

In addition to the design, when choosing such equipment you should pay attention to:

• its weight (the lighter the machine, the less your hand will get tired);
• productivity (processing speed depends on this indicator);
• power;
• casing shape.

The ease of working with it directly depends on how ergonomic the model’s casing is.

Manufacturers

Equipment such as a grinding machine is quite expensive. Therefore, when choosing it, among other things, of course, you should pay attention to its brand. You should only buy cars from the best manufacturers having a good reputation. The load on the equipment during operation is significant. Therefore, a poorly assembled tool will most likely not last very long.

Many companies today supply similar products to the domestic market. But the most popular among domestic consumers is equipment from such manufacturers as:

"Bosch".

Interskol.

"Makita".

Hitachi.

Which sander is best for wood: rating

All these companies supply different models to Russia. Some of them are more popular among consumers, others less popular. The top 5 grinding machines, according to domestic craftsmen, looks like this for 2017:

Makita 9558HN.

Interskol UshM-125/900.

Bosch GWS 780 C.

Makita BO50 3 1.

Hitachi G13SS2.

Today, according to most consumers, this is

Makita 9558HN: description and reviews

« Makita" equipment is truly popular in Russia. Domestic consumers purchase cars from this particular manufacturer most often. The advantages of the corner model Makita 9558HN, like most others produced by this company,consumers primarily consider small weight, quiet operation and high power. According to home craftsmen, sanding wood using the Makita 9558HN is very convenient.The engine of this machine is practically inaudible when operating. Such equipment is relatively inexpensive - on average about 4,000 rubles. Some disadvantage Makita 9558HN consumers consider only the power button to be not very convenient. Starting and stopping this equipment while grinding is quite difficult.

Tool Interskol UshM-125/900

This another very reliable one, according to many consumers,. It is produced in Russia and the build quality is quite good. The advantages of the Interskol UShM-125/900 equipment include, first of all, simplicity of design, reliability, and low weight. Sometimes it happens that on the packaging of an angle grinder the power is indicated as quite high. In fact, the equipment does not correspond to the declared indicator. Bulgarian Interskol UshM-125/900 is completely devoid of such shortcomings. With a stated power of 900 W, ceramic tiles, for example, it cuts like butter.

Such models cost in the domestic market between 2500-3000 rubles.Their only drawback is overheating when long work.

Bosch GWS 780 C: reviews

Bosch angle machines are being assembled also in Russia. Their main advantage is considered to be light weight. Despite the fact that the sizes model The Bosch GWS 780 C is very small; the amount of work performed using it can be simply enormous. Also, the advantages of this model are the smooth start and quick stop of the engine.

Such machines cost about 3.5-5 thousand rubles, depending on the supplier. Consumers consider the disadvantages of the Bosch GWS 780 C to be that the included cable is too short and the lack of a case.

Consumer opinion about Makita BO5031 machines

The advantages of this eccentric master models consider low vibration,presence of speed controller, quiet operation. Sanding wood using Makita BO50 3 1 It can be done very efficiently and quite quickly. Also, this machine practically does not heat up during long-term operation. The disadvantages of the model include the low-quality dust collector included. When working, you need to additionally connect a vacuum cleaner to the machine. This model costs 5-6 thousand rubles from different suppliers.

Hitachi equipment

The Japanese company Hitachi also supplies Russian market very high quality equipment.Hand sanders for wood corner Hitachi G13SS2, like almost all other models from this manufacturer, deserved and good reviews consumers primarily for reliability, fairly high power and not too much weight. You can change a wheel or disk on this equipment without any problems. The machine also has overload protection.

Most consumers consider the housing of this equipment to be very convenient. The hand does not get tired at all when working with it. Disadvantages of Hitachi G13SS2 Craftsmen attribute the short cord included and some noise. Such machines cost about 2000-2500 rubles.

A wood sander is an indispensable tool when performing finishing work in country house. Using a sanding machine allows you to speed up the process of sanding and polishing wooden surfaces - wall cladding, floors, furniture, decorative elements. Sanding machines for wood are convenient and compact, allowing you to perform high-quality alignment any wooden surfaces.

There are several main types of sanders for household use, different design and operating principles determine their purpose. For construction and repair, carpentry and carpentry work The following types of grinding machines are used:

1. Belt sanders (LSM) are tools for aggressive and rough processing of wooden, plastic, metal surfaces.
2. Vibratory grinders (VSM) allow for softer processing due to circular movements with small amplitude. The grinding surface of the orbital sander has a rectangular shape, which makes it easier to process corners.
3. A type of flat vibratory sander is a delta sander; it is distinguished by a triangular shape of the sole. The delta sander is convenient for processing small and hard-to-reach areas, corners, recesses and recesses.
4. An eccentric sander refers to a tool that allows you to grind a surface to a polished state due to a combination of rotational and oscillatory movements sanding pad. But for processing small surfaces and internal corners An eccentric sander is not suitable.

Application of belt sanders

Belt sanders are used where it is necessary to quickly remove a fairly thick layer of material, for example, to sand an unplaned board or remove old paint from surfaces. LSMs are also used for precise fitting of parts and processing of the cut line.

The material is processed using an abrasive belt, closed in a ring and stretched on rotating rollers. When moving, the tape removes a fairly thick layer of material, comparable to the work of an electric planer. The thickness of the removed layer depends on the grain of the abrasive belt.

When choosing a blade grinder, you need to pay attention to two parameters: the width and length of the abrasive belt used and its rotation speed. The area of ​​the processed surface depends on the width, and the aggressiveness and degree of processing depends on the speed. Standard sizes tapes for LSM are as follows: 76x457 mm, 76x533 mm, 76x610 mm. The belt width of semi-professional sanders may be larger - 100 mm, but they are rarely used for household needs. The belt speed is usually in the range from 150 to 500 meters per minute, the power is from 400 to 1200 W. Useful features are smooth regulation of the speed of rotation of the belt and an automatic centering device for the belt, which does not allow it to slide off the rollers even during rotational movements.

There are two types of abrasive belt for blade grinders, with an abrasive layer of aluminum oxide or zirconium. Zirconium tape provides a deeper but more aggressive finish and promotes scratches that need to be treated with a less grainy tape. For processing metal surfaces, it is better to choose a zirconium tape; it can be used to sharpen cutting surfaces.

Surface treatment using belt sander They do it this way: they install the machine on the surface to be processed without distortions, and, without putting pressure on the machine, make smooth longitudinal or circular movements along the surface of the material. If precise fitting of parts is necessary, grinding is carried out with short-term translational movements or using a bounding frame.

Application of orbital sanders

The operating principle of these tools is similar: grinding is carried out through light circular and oscillatory movements of the grinding surface with an amplitude of up to 5 mm. Sheets are used as abrasive material sandpaper with different grain sizes, secured to the sole using clips or Velcro.

Vibratory sanders provide high quality processing and are used for grinding almost any material: wood, plastic, metal, plaster and putty, as well as for removing corrosion products and old paint and varnish coatings.

The degree of processing depends on the amplitude of vibrations: for rough processing, an amplitude of 4-5 mm is chosen, for fine grinding - 1.5-3 mm. For household models, the rotation speed is usually adjusted in the range of 2000-5000 rpm, and the oscillation speed can be in the range of 25,000 per minute. The ability to regulate the eccentric amplitude, rotation speed and oscillations are very useful options for a VSM.

An important parameter is the power of the VSM; it is usually in the range of 150-600 W. The higher the power, the greater the productivity and continuous operation time of the tool. One more important factor What determines the use of VSM is the shape and area of ​​the grinding pad. It can be square, rectangular or deltoid.

The use of eccentric (orbital) sanders

Orbital sanders are similar in principle to rectangular orbital sanders, but are distinguished by greater productivity and a finer degree of grinding and polishing due to the complex oscillation path. Surface treatment is carried out with a grinding disc with a diameter of up to 150 mm; special abrasive attachments are used sanding wheels with different grain sizes or sanding felt pads.

The power of orbital sanders is usually 200-650 W, the speed is up to 13,000 per minute, the eccentric oscillation speed is up to 24,000 per minute. Regulating the number of revolutions and oscillations, as well as adjusting the amplitude of the eccentric, like the VSM, are very useful functions.

All grinding machines are characterized by the formation large quantity dust during work. Some models are equipped with holes in the sole for collecting dust and a dust collector. This option is very useful when working in indoors Therefore, if possible, you should pay attention to models with dust collection. Also important point is the length of the cord - with a short cord you will have to constantly use an extension cord. You can also choose a cordless sander. When purchasing, you should pay attention to the shape of the handle and the weight of the tool, holding it in your hands for some time, trying out the inclusion and regulation of modes.

Video - review of wood sanding machines