Window opening dimensions height width. Standard sizes for windows. And also you can watch a video instruction for self-installation of plastic windows

The primary purpose of windows in buildings and structures of any type is to transmit light for natural light. But windows also provide ventilation of the premises, perform a number of other functions. Let's try to figure out how the sizes are regulated window openings in construction. Is it possible to set arbitrary sizes of windows when constructing, for example, a country house?

How is the area of ​​window openings calculated?

In the construction of various types of buildings, building codes and rules are applied that regulate the size of window openings and windows, depending on many factors. The decisive among them is KEO - the coefficient of natural light. But many other factors are also taken into account: the dimensions and purpose of the building, geographical location, lighting characteristics and the number of glasses in a double-glazed window, etc. percentage), which is determined by the formula given in the document. The SNiP defines the normalized KEO values ​​in the premises of typical public and residential buildings geographically located in the band from 45 ° to 60 ° north latitude. This value takes into account that glass cleaning in windows is mandatory twice a year for buildings in areas with low dust and pollution, and 4 times for rooms in areas with noticeable emissions of dust and combustion products. If the building is located south of 45° north latitude, a factor of 0.75 should be applied to the KEO value, and if the building is located north of 60° north latitude - 1.2.

The calculation formulas have their own coefficients for the cases of using several glasses in double-glazed windows, for different distances between the glasses, as well as for various designs glass in the windows (frosted, curly, etc.).
If it is difficult to set different coefficients, then there is a simplified formula for residential premises: the area of ​​​​window glazing should be at least 8 times less area premises. This formula gives approximate, but quite close to the calculated results.

Standard sizes

But there are standard sizes of window openings specified by state standards for residential and public buildings. These dimensions are chosen optimal for mass construction. They take into account many factors, including the external aesthetic appearance of the building as an architectural structure.

GOSTs take into account not only the size of window and doorways, but also design features their execution. In addition, the dimensions of openings, canvases and the design of balcony doors have been standardized. There are GOST 24699-81, GOST 24700-81 and GOST 11214-86, which impose restrictions on the choice of wooden windows and balcony doors for public and residential buildings in the design with double-glazed windows and glass, with double-glazed windows and double glazing, respectively.

List of standard sizes

In particular, standardized sizes of windows and balcony doors of residential buildings are provided for in height (860, 1460 and 2175 mm) and width (570, 720, 870, 1170, 1320, 1470, 1770 or 2070 mm). For public buildings, a different size range is standardized for windows and doors of balconies (height - 1160, 1760 or 2060, 2375 or 2575 mm, width - 870, 1170, 1320, 1470 mm). The size range of openings for these structures is also defined: in residential buildings (height 910, 1520 and 2210, width 610, 780, 910, 1210, 1380, 1510, 1810, 2110 mm) and public (height 1210, 1810, 2110, 2410 and 2810, width 910, 1210, 1380, 1510, 1810, 2110, 2410 and 2710 mm).

Standard sizes of window openings (GOST 23166-99), window blocks and balcony doors are presented in the extended size range: added values ​​for height - 580 and 1320 mm, for width - 2370 and 2670 mm without specification, in residential or public buildings they will be installed.

In panel houses, a standard window of two sashes should have dimensions (height and width) of 1300x1400 mm, and of three sashes - a height of 1400 mm, and a sash width of 2070 or 2050 mm.

Window sizes are also standardized for five-story houses of the Khrushchev period. For a window of two wings with a narrow window sill, the size is 1300x1350 mm, for three wings - 2040x1350 mm, and for a wide window sill - 1450x1500 and 2040x1500 mm.

How to calculate window openings?

Thus, in order to choose the number and size of window openings for a building under construction country house you can perform the following sequence of actions:
- by the area of ​​​​the room we calculate the area of ​​\u200b\u200bglazing windows (divided by 8);
- we determine the height of the windows from the dimensional standard range(we take into account the architectural appearance of the house, its harmonious aesthetic appearance);
- by dividing the glazing area by the height of the window glass, we obtain the total width of the glazing;
- we calculate the number of windows for the widths of the standard row that suit you by dividing the total glazing width by the selected width of the glass of the window block (we round the resulting value up if we get fractional number);
- choose the width that suits our preferences the most.

The result is no worse than the requirements of SNiP, since the result was rounded up.

Example

Let's take a room with an area of ​​40 sq.m - the glazing area should be at least 5 sq.m. With a window height of 1460 mm (glass height - 1210 mm), the total length of the glazing will be 4132 mm, which is equivalent to 4 windows with a width of 1320 mm (glass width 1170 mm) or three windows with a width of 1770 mm (glass width 1520 mm).

When determining the dimensions of window openings, add 15 mm to the dimensions of the window blocks on each side to fit on mounting foam and add 50 mm in height for the same purpose plus for installing a window sill.

Final remarks

It must be borne in mind that when building an individual country house, there are no such strict restrictions as in mass construction. Modern firms(there are a great many of them on the market), producing and installing double-glazed windows, are able to produce window blocks of any size. But if you implement the recommended sizes of window openings (SNiP P-A862), then the conditions for natural lighting of the premises will be met, and the choice of sizes according to GOST allows you to save costs compared to ordering individual window blocks.

Therefore, in any case, it is useful to know and use illumination calculations according to the method of building requirements, as well as the provisions of the current GOST standards for standardizing window and door structures to choose the right size of window openings, for example, for building a country house.

The design of buildings for any purpose is carried out taking into account certain window sizes depending on the requirements of the necessary lighting of the rooms. The data of the indicator of illumination depend on the dimensions of the building, its purpose, the level of natural light and other factors. Also great importance has the ability of the window block to let light into the room.

The ratio of room size to window size is determined by a generally accepted formula based on established building codes and rules. These standards define permissible value coefficient of illumination in public and residential premises located north of 45 degrees and south of 60 degrees of latitude. For example, if the building is located north of 60 degrees, then a factor of 1.2 must be applied. If the building is located south of 45 degrees north latitude, then the illumination should be determined using a coefficient equal to 0.75. The indicators are calculated with the condition of mandatory window washing, depending on the location of the building. So, it is necessary to clean windows in buildings located not in polluted areas of the city at least 2 times a year, and in buildings located in industrial areas, windows should be cleaned at least 4 times a year. In addition, the ability of a window opening to transmit light is affected by the number of glasses and the distance between them. Since the light rays are refracted and absorbed (if there are more than 2 glasses in the frame), the illumination in the room is significantly reduced.

During the construction of certain buildings, standard GOST for window sizes. However, in some non-standard cases, indicators may be adjusted. Depending on the type of window frame, standard sizes windows for:

• window block double glazing;
• triple glazing window unit;
• single glazing, terrace frames.

In accordance with GOST 11214-86, 23166-99, standard sizes of window openings with a height of 60 are established; 90; 120; 135; 150 and 180 cm and 60 wide; 90; 100; 120; 135; 150 and 180 cm and provided for humidity of 8-12%.

Standard window sizes consist of a set of section elements and glasses directly. For example, if a standard window unit with a width of 1320 mm, a side section of 85 mm and an average section of 130 mm, then the width of the glass in each casement must be at least 525 mm. At the same time, approximately 7.5 mm of glass should be included in the window trim on all sides. After carrying out simple calculations, it turns out that the apparent width of the glass is 510 mm. The standard size of the window opening also depends on the construction of the walls and the dimensions of the quarter. Below are tables of typical window sizes with approximate prices.

Table 1. Standard sizes of single-leaf windows.

Table 2. Standard sizes of tricuspid windows.

Table 3. Standard sizes of double-leaf windows.

Schematic representation of one-, two-, and three-leaf windows.

Sizes of windows in residential premises.

It happens that in the same panel house differ by 10-15 cm. In such situations, you have to forget about standard sizes and, to measure the size of windows, you need the help of a qualified specialist. A two-leaf standard window must comply with the following dimensions: height 1300 mm and width 1400 mm, for a three-leaf window the standard size is: width from 2050 to 2070 mm, height 1400 mm. It is to these indicators of standard window sizes that it is necessary to equalize during the construction of residential buildings in order to avoid difficulties with possible further replacement of windows.

In Khrushchev window size depends on the width of the window sills. In cases where the window has wide window sills, the size is 1450 mm by 1500 mm for two leaves, and 2040 mm by 1500 mm for three leaves. Narrow window sills suggest window sizes for two sashes 1300 mm by 1350 mm and for three sashes 2040 mm by 1350 mm.

For size calculation skylights , Besides standard parameters, the angle of the roof slope is taken into account. There is a pattern, which consists in the fact that the height of the window directly depends on the flatness of the roof. The distance between the rafters should be at least 4-6 cm wider than the window frame.

Despite the fact that in one typical house they may not coincide, based on the type of house, you can roughly determine the size of the windows. Moreover, on the issue of defining window sizes The angle of incidence of the sun's rays is also important.

Sizes of plastic windows.

PVC windows can be of any size and be absolutely of any complexity. AT recent times, became fashion trend make plastic windows large sizes. Such windows look very impressive and beautiful, but it is worth remembering practicality and durability. For example, in order for the structure to last as long as possible, it is better not to make an opening sash with an area of ​​​​more than 900 square meters. mm. Deaf sashes should not be made more than 1000 sq. mm. this limitation is due to the fact that, as a result of increased load, the double-glazed window does not deform in a short time.

Modern technologies make it possible to make a plastic window of non-standard sizes, taking into account all wishes. However, custom-made windows will cost more than standard ones. Whether such spending is justified depends entirely on window opening size.

The dimensions of the doorway (as well as the window opening) can be standard and non-standard. In order to put the box and the canvas in the latter, it becomes necessary to manufacture a door (or window) to order. This, of course, will significantly affect the final cost of the order, as well as an increase in the duration of the work. To avoid these nuances, there is such a thing as a standard. A standard doorway (or window) will save time and money. It will not be difficult to mount the structure in it yourself. In addition, today manufacturers offer a huge selection various models windows and doors in standard sizes.

The standard size of the doorway for the interior and entrance doors of the apartment

In order to avoid unexpected situations, it is necessary to seriously consider the dimensions of doors and doorways. It is best to choose in advance the company in which you will order an interior or entrance structure, and consult with experts regarding the dimensions of the free space for it. It is worth noting that the standards for these indicators in some firms may be different. However, many firms adhere to the following door standards:

• Height 2 meters, width - 60; 70; 80 cm
• Height 1.9 meters, width - 55 cm

Highly important aspect- in which room the structure is installed (with or without a window). For rooms without windows are typical following options door opening (standard sizes):

• 2070 x 970 mm
• 2070 x 870 mm
• 2070 x 770 mm
• 2070 x 670 mm
• 1970 x 670 mm
• 1970 x 62 mm

Here, however, it is worth clarifying that these dimensions are also suitable for recesses for double-leaf doors.

For rooms with windows, their dimensions:

• 2070 x970 mm
• 2070 x 870 mm
• 2070 x 770 mm
• 2070 x 670 mm
• 1970 x 670 mm
• 1970 x 620 mm

To calculate the dimensions of the opening for sliding doors need to know that standard door with a sliding kit (rollers with a rod, lower guide flag) has a height of 2005 mm. Space under sliding structure should be smaller and narrower than the canvas, vary between 1900-2002 mm.

For input structures openings with a height of 2050 mm or 2150 mm are the standard, the most common width is 1000 mm or 900 mm.

How is the height and width of the window opening determined during the construction of a residential building

During design and construction apartment buildings most often adhere to standard window openings. The same practice is observed in the construction of a private dwelling. This saves a significant amount of time and money when installing insulating glass units.

The standard dimensions of the space under the windows are designed taking into account functional purpose building, room dimensions, natural light depending on the location of the house.

For example, a residential multi-apartment panel house has the following parameters:

• Double-leaf windows - height 1400 mm and width 1300 mm.
• Three-leaf - height 1400 mm, and width 2050 mm or 2070 mm.

Khrushchev houses have a completely different approach to window openings: the dimensions depend on the width of the window sill. Double glazing with wide window sill installed in the opening 1450x1500 mm, tricuspid - 2040x1500 mm. Narrow window sills in Khrushchev suggest 1300x1350 mm (for two leaves) and 2040x1350 mm (for three leaves)

A very complex and multi-stage process is the construction of buildings and various structures. The design of the constructed house must be strong, earthquake-resistant and, of course, durable. For a long time, special standards (GOSTs) have been created, which the window opening must also comply with. The dimensions indicated in them must be strictly observed. Construction standards regulate the materials, dimensions of buildings, window and door openings.

Window openings in the construction of residential buildings

For the design and construction of apartment buildings, there are standard sizes of window openings. The same rules must be used when building a private residential building. You can save a lot with this Money and also most of the time. That is why many people ask the following question: “What are the GOST dimensions of window openings?”

In fact, there are no particularly strict standards regarding the size of window openings or their height relative to the floor. Therefore, no one interferes with designing windows the way you like. But still there are some rules that are recommended to follow. In addition, standard window openings have a number of advantages:

1. Standard double-glazed windows are actually cheaper than exclusive ones.
2. selection will be much easier.
3. Repairs and maintenance can be done much faster.

The window opening, the dimensions of which must comply with GOST, consists of a certain amount sashes. Currently, either double-leaf or three-leaf windows are mainly installed. With the help of them, you can easily provide an excellent overview and open access to the apartment.

Window opening: dimensions

The most common for double-leaf window openings are the following dimensions (height * width):

1. 1300*1350 mm.
2. 1400*1300 mm.
3. 1450*1500 mm.

The most common standard sizes of window openings with three sashes are as follows (height * width):

1. 1400*2050 mm.
2. 2040*1500 mm.
3. 2040*1350 mm.

In addition to the standards that a window opening must comply with, GOST also regulates which is calculated based on the type of room. One of important factors is the presence heating appliances or others additional elements decor. AT industrial premises windows should start from the floor and correspond in height to human growth, which provides better lighting.

Standard height of window sills in a residential building

1. Bedroom - 700-900 mm, this height provides excellent visibility and lighting. It should be remembered that the distance from the radiator to the window sill must be at least 80 mm.
2. Kitchen - 1200-1300 mm, in this case the height is due to the need to place kitchen furniture.
3. Bathroom or bath - at least 1600 mm, this will help to protect yourself from prying eyes, which is why windows are made so high.
4. Utility rooms - 1200-1600 mm, this height is due to the fact that there is a high probability excess moisture due to the flow of cold air.

Types of window openings

Currently, there are only 11 types of window openings:

1. Regular rectangular window.
2. Window with revolving frame.
3. Window downstairs.
4. panoramic window.
5. French window.
6. Bay window.
7. Curved top window.
8. Curved window.
9. Sliding frame window.
10. Casement window.

How to take measurements correctly?

There are two types of window openings: with and without quarters - this affects the choice of window size. in a panel or brick house openings must be measured on both sides.

In order to measure, you should prepare the following tools: a tape measure, a metal ruler, a screwdriver, as well as a sheet of paper and a pen to record the results. Using these tips, you can easily measure the window opening, the dimensions of which must comply with GOST:

1. It is necessary to determine the width of the opening between the internal slopes in close proximity to wooden window and, accordingly, along their edges.
2. Next, the height of the window opening is usually measured between the upper inner slope and the window sill in close proximity to the window, as well as the height between the edge of the upper internal slope and window sill.
3. Then you should open the window and measure the window opening from the street side. It is necessary to measure the width of the window opening between. The width should be measured both from the bottom and from the top of the opening.
4. With a screwdriver that has already been prepared, it is necessary to dismantle it outside the opening (it will still have to be removed).

Finishing window openings

Slopes can be finished using several materials. Such finishing material, as siding, has the following technical characteristics:

• Durability.
• Practicality.
• Fire resistance.
• Moisture resistance.

Siding can be used not only for internal works but also for outdoor. In order to attach the siding, you do not need to level the surface, and this is a plus, because it will take less time.

When using plaster, you must have experience with this material. Finishing the slopes of window openings with plaster is the most reliable and practical way. For work you will need:

• Large and small spatulas.
• Mortar starting plaster.
• Finishing plaster solution.
• Sandpaper.
• Level.

Plastic has good technical characteristics:

• Durability.
• Practicality.
• Moisture resistance.
• Strength.

It is necessary to clean the plastic only with a damp cloth, do not use abrasive products, as they can scratch it.

More recently, such a material for finishing window openings as stucco molding has appeared. With it, you can give the windows a luxurious and rich look. But you need to remember that the surface must be perfectly flat. Such hard work can only be done by a professional. Stucco molding consists of plaster and gypsum mortar. It is because of this that it is best to consult a specialist.

Each type of finish has its own zest, it is necessary to select it depending on the interior of the room.

Almost all manufacturers of metal-plastic window structures are able to realize any wish of the client - regardless of the required parameters and forms. But, like any other industry, this window production also has its own standard sizes of window openings. . The parameters approved by the state are always relevant, despite the growing popularity of non-standard designs. Even the era of technological progress is not able to overshadow the practice of application. In most cases, buying standard windows is cheaper than ordering.

Standards for the production of PVC profile structures

Not all manufacturers use the approved regulatory documentation as the basis for their work. However, as with the choice of structural elements such as fittings. The conditions for the production of profile systems are regulated by such documents as GOST 30673-99, 30973-2002, 22233-2001. As for the production of fittings, manufacturers are guided by standards 30777-2001, 538-2001. The assessment of the quality and possible service life of double-glazed windows occurs using 111-2001, 24866-99, 30698-2000, 30733-2000, 30779-2001.

In all of the listed documents, you can find detailed standards for window openings. various types. Such data is also used for their installation in various buildings, marking, development of technical requirements.

Apartment Standards

Different types of modern apartment buildings differ in features in the configuration of apartments. Evolution modern apartments as follows:

1. The old fund was created in pre-revolutionary times. Advantageous features of such housing - high ceiling and wide walls. Standard sizes of windows and doors with 1 sash are: 1150*1900 or 850*1150 mm. Designs with 2 wings: 1150*1900, 1500*1900 and 1300*220 mm. If the number of wings is three: 2400 * 2100 mm.
2. "Stalinki" - outwardly, the apartments are distinguished by the richness of the finishes through the use of granite, stucco, and bas-reliefs in the interior. The rooms are large, so window frames equipped with two or three wings. Their parameters are: 1150*1950 or 1500*1900 mm in the first case, 1700*1900 mm in the second.
3. "Khrushchev" - differ in small area and simplicity facade decoration. Parameters of double-leaf structures - 1300 * 1350 mm, three-leaf - 2040 * 1350 mm. The dimensions of the window opening in the panel house are different: 1450 * 1500 for two wings, 2040 * 1500 mm for three.
4. "Brezhnevka" - the buildings were improved with an elevator, a garbage chute. Window parameters depend on the series of houses:

• 600 (three doors) - 2380*1130, 2380*1420 or 2690*1420 mm;
• 602 (two, three wings) - 1450 * 1210 mm, 2100 * 1450 mm;
• 606 (two, three wings) - 1450 * 1410 mm, 1700 * 1410 mm.

1. Modern buildings are a complex of about 40 series, among which the most common are:

• 137: 1150*1420mm, 1700*1420mm;
• 504: 1450*1410mm, 1700*141mm;
• 606: 1410*1450mm, 1410*1700mm.

The suggested parameters can be used for any material, be it wood, aluminum or PVC. During the construction of a residential building, and more specifically at the stage of creating its project, in addition to calculating sufficient parameters , it is also important to take into account the area of ​​​​the room itself, the height of the ceiling, the level of illumination.

When building a house, in order to save on windows, we recommend preparing a window opening guided by standard types of windows. When calculating the opening, it is necessary to make an opening 2-4 cm larger around the perimeter for foam.

Sizes of door and window units

How to explain the demand for the "correct" plastic windows?

Which option to choose?

The area of ​​a standard window according to GOST has a number of advantages:

• the most accurate calculation of the proportions of the structure;
• products are time-tested by millions of consumers;
• excellent indicators of thermal and sound insulation;
• maintains an optimal microclimate.

But, manufacturers must take into account that moment, in addition to the aesthetic component and increasing the degree of illumination of the room, the increase does not guarantee reliability. For example, change standard height the windows in the apartment are common cause deformation of the double-glazed window and reduced service life. This happens as a result of overload. Here we are talking about very large windows. In other cases, the choice is always up to the consumer, and it all depends on his financial capabilities.

Manufacturers are trying to focus on individual orders, while using the developed state standards for approximate orientation and reducing the timing of the production process. Almost every company is ready to create a design according to the wishes of the client.