Spectacular experiences at home. The simplest physical and chemical experiments

April 23rd, 2014

What does everyone have at home and never get tired of playing with? Water! Personally, I have not met a single child who was indifferent to her. You can come up with an endless number of games with water, we have collected the most interesting ones here. Games with water for kids are known to everyone, but we tried to famous game come up with something that will interest older children too. We also included simple and spectacular experiments in the review!

Well, shall we begin?

Games for kids and more

1. Drowning - not drowning

In addition to floating and sinking objects, it is interesting to watch how something sinking slowly and smoothly sinks to the bottom. Here is a video with beautifully sinking flowers:

Or the egg experiment:

Take 3 jars: two half-liter and one liter. Fill one jar clean water and put it in it raw egg. It will drown.

Pour a strong solution into the second jar table salt(2 tablespoons per 0.5 liters of water). Place the second egg there and it will float. This is explained by the fact that salt water is denser, which is why it is easier to swim in the sea than in a river.

Now place an egg at the bottom of a liter jar. By gradually adding water from both small jars in turn, you can get a solution in which the egg will neither float nor sink. It will remain suspended in the middle of the solution.

When the experiment is completed, you can show the trick. By adding salt water, you will ensure that the egg floats. Adding fresh water will cause the egg to sink. Externally, salt and fresh water are no different from each other, and it will look amazing.

2. Water in the form of... what?

You can take plastic cup, transparent bag, surgical glove. And everywhere the water is the same, but so different.

And if you pour water into plastic sand molds and freeze them, then you will get shaped pieces of ice.

For older children, you can experiment with volume. Here is one of Piaget's experiments: we take two containers - one is a narrow, tall glass, and the second is low and wide. We pour the same amount of water and ask the children which glass has more? Up to a certain age, children answer that there is more water in a tall glass - because it is SEEN!

3. Leaky bag

Does a bag with holes leak? Let's try it together.

4. Color the water

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When my son was little, he could endlessly dilute paint in water. Mixed all imaginable and inconceivable colors. And when he got tired of playing with the liquid, he poured it all into molds and we made colored ice.

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By the way, for older kids, suggest sprinkling salt on the ice and observing what happens

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5. Freezing

In addition to colored ice, my son really liked to freeze little figures and then save them. We timed how long it would take for natural defrosting, defrosted it with our finger, and dripped warm water from a pipette. The process of freezing and thawing fascinated my son and it was one of his favorite activities at home in bad weather.

We also loved making ice boats and launching them.

And if you put a thick thread on a piece of ice and sprinkle salt on top, then after a few seconds it will freeze and the ice can be lifted by holding it solely by the thread. This trick can be performed by throwing a piece of ice into a glass. cold water.

Here's a very exciting experiment with ice.
You need to put several cubes of colored ice into a jar with vegetable or baby oil. As the ice melts, its colored droplets will sink to the bottom of the jar. The experience is very spectacular.

6. Spell water

2. Sieve - sippy cup

Let's do a simple experiment. Take a sieve and grease it with oil. Then we’ll shake it and demonstrate another trick - pour water into the sieve so that it flows along inside sieves And, lo and behold, the sieve is filled! Why doesn't the water flow out? It is held in place by a surface film; it was formed due to the fact that the cells that were supposed to let water through did not get wet. If you run your finger along the bottom and break the film, the water will flow out.

3. Lava lamp

We talked more about this experience

4. Experiment with glycerin

Not exactly an experience, but a very beautiful result.

All we need is a jar, glitter, some kind of figurine and glycerin (sold at the pharmacy)

Pour into a jar boiled water, add glitter and glycerin. Mix.
Glycerin is needed to make the glitter swirl smoothly in the water.

And if you don’t have a jar at hand, you can simply arrange swirling sparkles in a bottle

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5. Growing crystals

To do this, you need to dissolve a lot of salt in hot water, so much that it stops dissolving. You need to lower a thread (preferably woolen, with fluff) into a jar with the solution, although you can also use a wire or a twig so that part of it is above the water. Now all you have to do is arm yourself with patience - in a few days beautiful crystals will grow on the thread.

Or you can use sugar. Here's more details

6. Making a cloud

Pour in three liter jar hot water (about 2.5 cm). Place a few ice cubes on a baking sheet and place it on top of the jar. The air inside the jar will begin to cool as it rises. The water vapor it contains will condense to form a cloud.

This experiment simulates the process of cloud formation as warm air cools. Where does rain come from? It turns out that the drops, having heated up on the ground, rise upward. There they get cold, and they huddle together, forming clouds. When they meet together, they increase in size, become heavy and fall to the ground as rain.

7. In search of fresh water

How to get drinking water from salt water? Pour water into a deep basin with your child, add two tablespoons of salt there, stir until the salt dissolves. Place washed pebbles at the bottom of an empty plastic glass so that it does not float, but its edges should be higher than the water level in the basin. Pull the film over the top, tying it around the pelvis. Squeeze the film in the center above the cup and place another pebble in the recess. Place the basin in the sun. After a few hours, pure unsalted water will accumulate in the glass. drinking water. This is explained simply: water begins to evaporate in the sun, condensation settles on the film and flows into an empty glass. The salt does not evaporate and remains in the basin.

8. Tornado in a jar

The tornado that rages in the bank is actually very spectacular; it can captivate children for a long time. You need a jar with a tight-fitting lid, water, and liquid dishwashing detergent. You need to pour enough water into the jar so that the distance from the water level to the neck of the jar is approximately 4-5 cm. Now add a little to the water liquid product, close the lid tightly and shake the jar. It should turn out to be a tornado.

9. Rainbow

You can show the children a rainbow in the room. Place the mirror in the water at a slight angle. Catch it with a mirror sunbeam and point it at the wall. Rotate the mirror until you see a spectrum on the wall. Water acts as a prism, splitting light into its components.

10. Lord of matches

If you put a piece of sugar in a saucer with water and matches floating in it, then all the matches will float towards it, and if a piece of soap, then away from it.

11. Changing the color of the water

Make a soap solution in a jar - dilute the soap. Then we take liquid (transparent) phenolphthalein (purgen laxative) purchased at the pharmacy and show the child how by pouring clear water into another clear water we get bright crimson! Transformation right before your eyes. Then we take clear vinegar again and add it there. Our “chemical” turns from crimson to transparent again!

12. Ink transformations

Add ink or ink to a bottle of water until the solution is pale blue. Place a crushed tablet there. activated carbon. Close the neck with your finger and shake the mixture.
It will brighten before our eyes. The fact is that coal absorbs dye molecules on its surface and it is no longer visible.

And here are the bizarre, fascinating patterns that ink forms in water

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13. Water flows upward

Capillary phenomena. We tint the water, put white flowers in it (preferably carnations or tulips) and......

14. Optical illusion in a glass of water

How to entertain a child at home? You can, of course, turn on cartoons for him. But we offer you another option - to conduct interesting experiments. There will be much more benefits. The child will be delighted, as will the parents. The experiments are very simple to perform. Awaken your curiosity!

1. Science experiments for children at home:

"Lava Lamp"

Will be required: Salt, water, a glass of vegetable oil, some food coloring, a large transparent glass or glass jar.

Experience: Fill the glass 2/3 with water, pour into the water vegetable oil. Oil will float on the surface. Add food coloring to water and oil. Then slowly add 1 teaspoon of salt.

Explanation: Oil is lighter than water, so it floats on the surface, but salt is heavier than oil, so when you add salt to a glass, the oil and salt begin to sink to the bottom. As the salt breaks down, it releases oil particles and they rise to the surface. Food coloring will help make the experience more visual and spectacular.

2. Science experiments for children at home:

"Personal Rainbow"

Will be required: A container filled with water (bathtub, basin), a flashlight, a mirror, a sheet of white paper.

Experience: Pour water into a container and place a mirror on the bottom. We direct the light of the flashlight onto the mirror. The reflected light must be caught on the paper on which a rainbow should appear.

Explanation: A ray of light consists of several colors; when it passes through the water, it breaks down into its component parts - in the form of a rainbow.

3. Science experiments for children at home:

"Volcano"

Will be required: Tray, sand, plastic bottle, food coloring, soda, vinegar.

Experience: A small volcano should be molded around a small plastic bottle from clay or sand - for the surroundings. To cause an eruption, you should pour two tablespoons of soda into the bottle, pour in a quarter cup warm water, add a little food coloring, and at the end pour in a quarter cup of vinegar.

Explanation: When baking soda and vinegar come into contact, a violent reaction begins, releasing water, salt and carbon dioxide. Gas bubbles push the contents out.

4.Science experiments for children at home:

"Growing Crystals"

Will be required: Salt, water, wire.

Experience: To obtain crystals, you need to prepare a supersaturated salt solution - one in which the salt does not dissolve when adding a new portion. In this case, you need to keep the solution warm. To make the process go better, it is desirable that the water be distilled. When the solution is ready, it must be poured into a new container to get rid of the debris that is always in the salt. Next, you can lower a wire with a small loop at the end into the solution. Place the jar in a warm place so that the liquid cools more slowly. In a few days, beautiful salt crystals will grow on the wire. If you get the hang of it, you can grow fairly large crystals or patterned crafts on twisted wire.

Explanation: As the water cools, the solubility of the salt decreases, and it begins to precipitate and settle on the walls of the vessel and on your wire.

5.Science experiments for children at home:

"Dancing Coin"

Will be required : Bottle, coin to cover the neck of the bottle, water.

Experience: The empty, unclosed bottle should be placed in the freezer for a few minutes. Moisten a coin with water and cover the bottle removed from the freezer with it. After a few seconds, the coin will begin to jump and, hitting the neck of the bottle, make sounds similar to clicks.

Explanation: The coin is lifted by air, which compressed in the freezer and occupied a smaller volume, but has now heated up and begun to expand.

6.Science experiments for children at home:

"Colored milk"

Will be required: Whole milk, food coloring, liquid detergent, cotton swabs, plate.

Experience: Pour milk into a plate, add a few drops of coloring. Then you need to take a cotton swab, dip it in the detergent and touch the swab to the very center of the plate with milk. The milk will begin to move and the colors will begin to mix.

Explanation: The detergent reacts with the fat molecules in the milk and causes them to move. This is why skim milk is not suitable for the experiment.

7. Science experiments for children at home:

"Fireproof bill"

Will be required: Ten-ruble bill, tongs, matches or lighter, salt, 50% alcohol solution (1/2 part alcohol to 1/2 part water).

Experience: IN alcohol solution add a pinch of salt, immerse the bill in the solution until it is completely soaked. Use tongs to remove the bill from the solution and allow the excess liquid to drain. Set the bill on fire and watch it burn without getting burned.

Explanation: As a result of the combustion of ethyl alcohol, water is formed, carbon dioxide and heat (energy). When you set fire to a bill, the alcohol burns. The temperature at which it burns is not sufficient to evaporate the water with which it is soaked. paper bill. As a result, all the alcohol burns out, the flame goes out, and the slightly damp ten remains intact.

8. Science experiments for children at home:

"Walk on Eggs"

Will be required: two dozen eggs in cells, a garbage bag, a bucket of water, soap and good friends.

Experience: Place a garbage bag on the floor and place two boxes of eggs on it. Check the eggs in the cartons and replace if you notice a cracked egg. Also check that all the eggs are oriented in the same direction - either with the sharp ends up or with the blunt ends. If you place your foot correctly, distributing your weight evenly, you can stand or walk on eggshells barefoot. If you don’t want the extreme of careless movement, you can put a thin board or tile on top of the eggs. Then nothing will interfere.

Explanation: Everyone knows that it is easy to break an egg, but the shell of eggs is very strong and can support a lot of weight. The “architecture” of the egg is such that with uniform pressure, the stress is distributed throughout the shell and prevents it from breaking.

Based on materials from AdMe.ru

For the development of a child, it is necessary to use all possible means, including experiments for children, which trained parents can conduct at home. This type of activity is very interesting for preschoolers, it helps them learn a lot about the world around them and take direct part in the research process. The main rule that mothers and fathers should adhere to is the absence of coercion: classes should be conducted only when the child himself is ready for experiments.

Physical

Similar scientific experiments will interest an inquisitive little one and help him gain new knowledge:

about the properties of liquid;
about atmospheric pressure;
about the interaction of molecules.

In addition, under clear parental guidance, he will be able to repeat everything without difficulty.

Bottle filling

You should prepare your inventory in advance. Need hot water glass bottle and a bowl of cold water (for clarity, the liquid should be pre-tinted).

The procedure is as follows:

Needs to be bottled hot water several times to ensure the container is properly warmed up.
Pour out the hot liquid completely.
Turn the bottle upside down and place it in a bowl of cold water.
You will see that water from the bowl will begin to flow into the bottle.

Why is this happening? The hot liquid filled the bottle warm air. As the gas cools, it contracts, causing the volume it occupies to decrease, forming a low-pressure environment in the bottle. As water flows in, it restores balance. This experiment with water can be done at home without any problems.

With a glass

Every child, even at 3-4 years old, knows that if you turn over a glass filled with water, the liquid will spill out. However, there is an interesting experience that can prove the opposite.

Procedure:

Pour water into a glass.
Cover it with a piece of cardboard.
Holding the sheet with your hand, carefully turn the structure over.
You can remove your hand.

Surprisingly, the water will not spill out - the molecules of the cardboard and the liquid will mix at the moment of contact. Therefore, the sheet will hold on, becoming a kind of lid. You can also tell the child about atmospheric pressure, that it exists both inside the glass and outside, while in the container it is lower, outside it is higher. Due to this difference, water does not spill out.

A similar experiment is best carried out over a basin, since gradually the paper material will get wet and the liquid will drip.

How to develop the most significant areas for a child in 20-30 minutes a day

Three ready-made scenarios for comprehensive developmental classes in pdf format;
Video recommendations on how to conduct complex games and how to create them yourself;
A plan for creating such activities at home

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Developmental experiments

Eat large number for real interesting experiments for kids.

Volcanic eruption

This experience is rightfully considered one of the most exciting and therefore loved by children. To carry it out you will need:

soda;
red paint;
citric acid or lemon juice;
water;
A little detergent.

First, you should build the “volcano” itself by making a cone out of thick paper, fastening it along the edges with tape and cutting a hole on top. Then the resulting blank is put on any bottle. To resemble a volcano, it should be covered with brown plasticine and placed on a large baking sheet so that the “lava” does not spoil the surface of the table.

Procedure:

Pour soda into the bottle.
Add paint.
Add a drop of detergent (1 drop).
Pour water and mix well.

For the “eruption” to begin, you need to ask the child to add a little citric acid(or lemon juice). This simplest example chemical reaction.

Dancing worms

This simple, fun experiment can be done with both preschoolers and elementary school students. Required equipment:

corn starch;
water;
baking tray;
paints (food coloring);
music column.

First you need to mix 2 cups of starch and a glass of water. Pour the resulting substance onto a baking sheet, add paint or dye.

All that remains is to turn on loud music and place the baking sheet on the speaker. The colors on the workpiece will be mixed in a chaotic manner, creating a beautiful, unusual spectacle.

We use food

To make an experiment that is unusual, interesting for your child and educational, it is not at all necessary to purchase complex equipment and expensive materials. We invite you to get to know the very simple options, available for execution at home.

With egg

Required equipment:

glass of water (tall);
egg;
salt;
water.

The idea is simple - an egg immersed in water will sink to the bottom. If you add table salt (about 6 tablespoons) to the liquid, it will rise to the surface. Such physical experience with salt helps illustrate the concept of density to your baby. So, salted water has more water, so the egg can float on the surface.

You can also show reverse action(this is why it was recommended to take a tall glass) - when you add plain tap water to the salted liquid, the density will decrease and the egg will sink to the bottom.

Invisible ink

A very interesting and simple trick, which at first will seem like real magic to the baby, and after the parents explain it, it will help to learn about oxidation.

Required equipment:

½ lemon;
water;
spoon and plate;
sheet of paper;
lamp;
cotton swab.

If lemon is not available, you can use analogues, such as milk, onion juice or wine.

Procedure:

Squeeze the citrus juice, add it to a plate, mix with an equal amount of water.
Dip the tampon into the resulting liquid.
Use it to write something the child can understand (or draw).
Wait until the juice dries, becoming completely invisible.
Heat the sheet (using a lamp or holding it over a fire).

Text or a simple drawing will become visible due to the fact that the juice has oxidized and turned brown when the temperature rises.

Color explosion

You can make the little ones happy fun experience with milk and paints, which can be done in the kitchen without any problems.

Required products and equipment:

milk (preferably high fat content);
food coloring (several colors - the more, the more interesting and brighter it will be);
dishwashing detergent;
plate;
cotton swabs;
pipette.

If dishwashing liquid is not available, liquid soap can be used.

Procedure:

Pour milk into a plate. It should completely hide the bottom.
Let the liquid sit for a while until it reaches room temperature.
Using a pipette, carefully drop several different food colors into the bowl of milk.
By lightly touching the liquid with a cotton swab, you need to show the baby what is happening.
Next, take a second stick and dip it in detergent. It touches the surface of the milk and holds for 10 seconds. There is no need to mix colorful stains, a gentle touch is enough.

Next, the baby will be able to observe the most beautiful thing - the colors begin to “dance”, as if trying to escape from the soap stick. Even if you remove it now, the “explosion” will continue. At this stage, you can invite the child to participate himself - add dye, immerse a soapy stick in the liquid.

The secret of the experiment is simple - the detergent destroys the fat contained in the milk, which causes the “dance”.

With sugar

For children 3-4 years old, various experiments with food will be very interesting. The child will be happy to learn about new qualities of his usual food.

For this entertaining activity you will need:

10 tbsp. l. Sahara;
water;
food colors of several colors;
two spoons (teaspoon, tablespoon);
syringe;
5 glasses.

First you need to add sugar to the glasses according to this scheme:

in the first glass - 1 tbsp. l.;
in the second - 2 tbsp. l.;
in the third - 3 tbsp. l.;
in the fourth - 4 tbsp. l.

Add 3 tsp to each of them. water. Mix. Then you need to add a dye of your own color to each of the glasses and mix again. The next step is to carefully take the colored liquid from the fourth glass using a syringe or a teaspoon and pour it into the fifth, which was empty. Then colored water is added in the same order from the third, second and finally from the first glasses.

If you act carefully, the colored liquids will not mix, but, when layered on top of each other, they will help create a bright, unusual pyramid. The secret of the trick is that the density of water changes depending on the amount of sugar added to it.

With flour

Let's consider another interesting experience for children, simple and safe. It can be carried out either in kindergarten, and at home.

Required equipment:

flour;
salt;
paints (gouache);
brush;
sheet of cardboard.

Procedure:

In a small glass you need to mix 1 tbsp. l. flour and salt. This is a blank from which we will later make paint of the same color. Accordingly, the number of such blanks is equal to the number of flowers.
Add 3 tbsp to each glass. l. water and gouache.
Using paint, ask your child to draw a picture on cardboard using a brush or cotton swab, one for each color.
Place the finished creation in the microwave (power 600 W) for 5 minutes.

The paints, which are dough, will rise and harden, making the drawing three-dimensional.

Lava lamp

Another unusual one children's experiment allows you to create a real lava lamp. After watching just once, even a novice researcher will be able to repeat the experiment with his own hands, without the help of adults.

Required equipment and materials:

vegetable oil (glass);
salt (1 tsp);
water;
food coloring (several shades);
glass jar.

Procedure:

Fill the jar 2/3 full with water.
Add vegetable oil, which at this stage forms a thick film on the surface.
Add food coloring.
Slowly add salt.

Under the weight of the salt, the oil will begin to sink to the bottom, and the dye will make the spectacle more colorful and impressive.

With soda

To demonstrate to a child preschool age An experiment with soda is perfect:

Pour the drink into a glass.
Drop a few peas or cherry pits into it.
Watch how they gradually rise from the bottom and fall again.

An amazing sight for a child who does not yet know that the peas are surrounded by bubbles of carbon dioxide, which brings them to the surface. They work on a similar principle. submarines.

With water

There are several educational optical experiments that, despite their simplicity, are very interesting.

The missing ruble

Water is poured into a jar and an iron ruble is dropped into it. Now you need to ask the baby to find the coin by looking through the glass. Due to the optical phenomenon of refraction, the eye will not be able to see the ruble if it is directed from the side. If you look into the jar from above, the coin will be in place.

curved spoon

Let's continue exploring optics with a preschooler. This easy but visual experiment is carried out like this: you need to pour water into a glass and dip a spoon into it. Ask your baby to look from the side. He will see that at the boundary of the media - water and air - the spoon appears curved. By taking out the spoon, you can make sure that everything is okay with it.

The child should be explained that a ray of light bends when passing through water, which is why we see a modified image. You can continue the water theme and lower the same spoon into a small jar. Curvature will not occur since the walls of this container are smooth.

This biological experiment will help the child get acquainted with the world of living nature and observe how a sprout is formed. Beans or peas are required for this.

Parents can invite the young botanist to independently moisten a piece of gauze folded several times with water, place it on a saucer, place peas or beans on the cloth and cover with damp gauze. The baby’s task is to carefully ensure that the seeds are moistened at all times and check them regularly. In a couple of days the first shoots will appear.

Photosynthesis process

This plant and candle experience is best for junior schoolchildren who know that trees and grass absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen.

The gist is this:

Carefully place burning candles into two jars.
Place a living plant in one of them.
Cover both containers with a lid.

Observe that the candle in the jar with the plant continues to burn because oxygen is present in it. In the second bank it goes out almost immediately.

Entertaining

We catch electricity. This one is small and safe experience It can easily be done with kids.

One inflated one is placed on the wall balloon, several others are lying on the floor.
The mother invites the child to place all the balls on the wall. However, they will not hold on and will fall.
The mother asks the baby to rub the ball on his hair and try again. Now the ball has been attached.

After this, you need to tell that the “miracle” happened thanks to the electricity that was generated when the ball was rubbed on the hair.

Another option for the curious is an experiment with foil. It goes like this:

A small piece of foil needs to be cut into strips.
Ask your little one to comb her hair.
Now you need to lean the comb against the strip and observe. The foil will stick to the comb.

You can also demonstrate “The Lost Chalk” to children. To do this, a piece of ordinary chalk is placed in vinegar. The limestone will begin to hiss and decrease in size. After some time it will completely dissolve. This is due to the fact that chalk, when in contact with vinegar, turns into other substances.

Experiments with preschool children are an excellent opportunity to develop their curiosity and answer many questions in a visual and understandable form. In addition, by offering children a variety of experiments, attentive parents will help them in early age outline your own circle of interests. And doing the research itself will be a great and fun pastime.

Parents of little fidgets can surprise them with experiments that can be carried out at home. Light, but at the same time surprising and delightful, they can not only diversify a child’s leisure time, but also allow them to look at familiar things with completely different eyes. And discover their properties, functions, purpose.

Young naturalists

Experiments at home, great for children under 10 years old - best way help your child save up practical experience, which will be useful to him in the future.

Safety precautions when conducting experiments

To ensure that educational experiments are not overshadowed by troubles and injuries, it is enough to remember a few simple but important rules.

Safety comes first

Before you start working with chemicals, work surface need to be protected by covering it with film or paper. This will save parents from unnecessary cleaning and allow them to save appearance and functionality of furniture.
During work, you do not need to get too close to the reagents, bending over them. Especially if your plans include chemical experiments for young children that involve unsafe substances. The measure will protect the mucous membranes of the mouth and eyes from irritation and burns.
If possible you should use protective devices: gloves, glasses. They must be suitable in size for the child and not interfere with him during the experiment.

Simple experiments for little ones

Developmental experiences and experiments for very young children (or for children under 10 years old) are usually simple and do not require parents to have any special skills or rare or expensive equipment. But the joy of discovery and miracle, which is so easy to do with your own hands, will remain with him for a long time.

For example, children will be indescribably delighted by a real seven-color rainbow, which they can create themselves with the help of an ordinary mirror, a container of water and a sheet of white paper.

Rainbow in a Bottle Experience

To begin with, place a mirror at the bottom of a small basin or bathtub. Then, it is filled with water; and the light of the lantern is directed onto the mirror. After the light is reflected and passes through the water, it is decomposed into its component colors, becoming the same rainbow that can be seen on a sheet of white paper.

Another very simple and beautiful experiment can be carried out using ordinary water, wire and salt.

To begin the experiment, you need to prepare a supersaturated salt solution. Calculating the required concentration of a substance is quite simple: when required quantity salt in water, it stops dissolving when the next portion is added. It is very good to use warm distilled water for this purpose. To make the experiment more successful, the finished solution can also be poured into another container - this will remove dirt and make it cleaner.

Experience "Salt on a Wire"

When everything is ready, a small piece is dropped into the solution copper wire with a loop at the end. The container itself is removed to a warm place and left there for certain time. As the solution begins to cool, the solubility of the salt will decrease and it will begin to settle on the wire in the form of beautiful crystals. You will be able to notice the first results within a few days. By the way, you can use not only ordinary, straight wire in the experiment: by twisting fancy figures from it, you can grow crystals of your own. different sizes and shapes. By the way, this experiment will give the child great idea New Year's toys in the form of real ice snowflakes - it's easy enough to find flexible wire and form it into a beautiful symmetrical snowfield.

Invisible ink can also make a lasting impression on a child. It’s very simple to prepare them: just take a cup of water, matches, cotton wool, half a lemon. And a sheet on which you can write text.

Invisible ink you can buy ready-made

First, mix equal amounts of lemon juice and water in a cup. Then, a little cotton wool is wrapped around a toothpick or a thin match. The resulting “pencil” is dipped into the mixture in the resulting liquid; then you can write any text on a piece of paper.

Even though the words on paper will be completely invisible at first, it will be very easy to manifest them. To do this, a sheet of already dried ink needs to be brought to the lamp. The written words will immediately appear on a heated sheet of paper.

Which child doesn't love balloons?

It turns out that even inflating an ordinary balloon can be very in an original way. To do this, you need to dissolve one spoon in a bottle of water. baking soda. And in another cup, mix the juice of one lemon and three tablespoons of vinegar. Afterwards, the contents of the cup are introduced into the bottle (for convenience, you can use a small funnel). The ball needs to be put on the neck of the bottle as quickly as possible until chemical reaction won't end. During this time, carbon dioxide will be able to quickly inflate the balloon under pressure. To prevent the ball from jumping off the neck of the bottle, it can be secured with electrical tape or tape.

"Inflate the balloon" experiment

Colored milk looks very interesting and unusual, the colors of which will move, intricately mixing with each other. For this experiment, you need to pour some whole milk into a plate and add a few drops of food coloring to it. Individual areas of the liquid will become colored different colors, but the spots will remain motionless. How to set them in motion? Very simple. It is enough to take a small cotton swab and, after dipping it in detergent, bring it to the surface of the colored milk. By reacting with molecules milk fat, the molecules in the detergent will make it move.

Experience “Drawings on milk”

Important! Skim milk is not suitable for this experiment. Only whole ones can be used!

Surely all children have had the opportunity to observe funny air bubbles in mineral or sweet water at home and on the street. But are they strong enough to lift a grain of corn or raisin to the surface? It turns out yes! To check this, just pour any sparkling water into a bottle, and then throw some corn or raisins into it. The child will see for himself how easily, under the influence of air bubbles, both corn and raisins will begin to rise up, and then, having reached the surface of the liquid, fall down again.

Experiments for older children

Older children (from 10 years old) can be offered more complex chemical experiments that require more components. These experiments are a little more difficult for older children, but children can already take part in them.

To ensure safety precautions, children under 10 years of age should conduct experiments under the strict supervision of adults, mainly as a spectator. Children over 10 years old can take a more active part in the experiments.

An example of such an experiment would be the creation lava lamp. Surely many children dream of such a miracle. But it’s much more pleasant to make it yourself, using simple components that are probably found in every home.

Lava Lamp Experience

The basis of the lava lamp will be a small jar or an ordinary glass. In addition, for the experiment you will need vegetable oil, water, salt and a little food coloring.

The jar or other container used as the base of the lamp is filled two-thirds with water and one-third with oil. Since oil is much lighter in weight than water, it will remain on its surface without mixing with it. Then, a little food coloring is added to the jar - this will give the lava lamp color and make the experiment more beautiful and spectacular. And after that, add a teaspoon of salt to the resulting mixture. For what? Salt causes the oil to sink to the bottom in the form of bubbles, and then, dissolving, pushes them up.

Next chemical experiment will help make a school subject like geography exciting and interesting.

Making a volcano with your own hands

After all, studying volcanoes is much more interesting when there is not just a dry book text nearby, but a whole model! Especially if you can easily do it at home with your own hands, using available means at hand: sand, food coloring, soda, vinegar and a bottle are perfect.

To begin with, a bottle is placed on a tray - it will become the basis of the future volcano. Around it you need to mold a small cone of sand, clay or plasticine - this way the mountain will take on a more complete and believable appearance. Now you need to cause a volcanic eruption: a little warm water is poured into the bottle, then a little soda and food coloring (red or orange color). The finishing touch will be a quarter glass of vinegar. Having reacted with soda, vinegar will begin to actively push the contents of the bottle out. This explains the interesting effect of the eruption, which can be observed with the child.

A volcano can be made from toothpaste

Can paper burn without being burned?

It turns out yes. And an experiment with fireproof money will easily prove this. For this ten ruble banknote immersed in a 50% alcohol solution (water is mixed with alcohol in a 1 to 1 ratio, a pinch of salt is added to it). After the bill has been thoroughly soaked, excess liquid is removed from it, and the bill itself is set on fire. Once it flares up, it will begin to burn, but will not burn out at all. This experience is quite simple to explain. The temperature at which alcohol burns is not high enough to evaporate the water. Thanks to this, even after the substance burns out completely, the money will remain slightly damp, but absolutely intact.

Experiments with ice are always a success

Young nature lovers can be encouraged to germinate seeds at home without using soil. How is this done?

IN eggshells put a little cotton wool; it is actively moistened with water, and then some seeds (for example, alfalfa) are placed in it. In just a few days you will be able to notice the first shoots. Thus, soil is not always needed for seed germination - only water is enough.

And the next experiment, which is easy to do at home for children, will certainly appeal to girls. After all, who doesn’t like flowers?

A painted flower can be given to your mother

Especially the most unusual, bright colors! Thanks to simple experience right in front of the amazed children, simple and familiar flowers can turn into the most unexpected color. Moreover, this is extremely simple to do: just put the cut flower in water with food coloring added to it. Climbing up the stem to the petals, chemical dyes will color them in the colors you want. To better absorb water, it is better to make a cut diagonally - this way it will have the maximum area. In order for the color to appear brighter, it is advisable to use light or white flowers. An even more interesting and fantastic effect will be obtained if, before starting the experiment, the stem is split into several parts and each of them is immersed in its own glass of colored water.

The petals will turn into all colors at once in the most unexpected and bizarre way. That we will undoubtedly make a lasting impression on the child!

Experience "Colored foam"

Everyone knows that under the influence of gravity, water can only flow downwards. But is it possible to make it rise up the napkin? To carry out this experiment, an ordinary glass is filled about a third with water. The napkin is folded several times to form a narrow rectangle. After this, the napkin unfolds again; Having stepped back a little from the bottom edge, you need to draw a line of colored dots on it, enough large diameter. The napkin is immersed in water so that about one and a half centimeters of its colored part is in it. Having come into contact with the napkin, the water will begin to gradually rise upward, coloring it with multi-colored stripes. This unusual effect occurs due to the fact that, having a porous structure, the fibers of the napkin easily allow water to pass upward.

Experiment with water and napkin

To carry out the next experiment you will need a small blotter and cookie cutters different shapes, some gelatin, a transparent bag, a glass and water.

Gelatin water does not mix

Gelatin dissolves in a quarter glass of water; it should swell and increase in volume. Then, the substance is dissolved in a water bath and brought to approximately 50 degrees. The resulting liquid should be distributed in a thin layer over a plastic bag. Using gelatin cookie cutters, cut out figures various shapes. After this, you need to lay them on a blotter or napkin, and then breathe on them. Warm breath will cause the gelatin to increase in volume, causing the figures to begin to bend on one side.

Experiments conducted at home with children are very easy to diversify.

Gelatin figures from molds

In winter, you can try to slightly modify the experiment by taking the gelatin figures out onto the balcony or leaving them in freezer. When the gelatin hardens under the influence of cold, patterns of ice crystals will clearly appear on it.

Conclusion

Description of other experiments

Delight and a sea of positive emotions are what experimenting with adults will bring to curious children. And parents will allow themselves to share the joy of their first discoveries with young researchers. After all, no matter how old a person is, the opportunity to return to childhood at least for a short time is truly priceless.

Pour water into the glass, making sure to reach the very edge. Cover with a sheet of thick paper and, holding it gently, very quickly turn the glass upside down. Just in case, do all this over the basin or in the bathtub. Now remove your palm... Focus! still remains in the glass!

It's a matter of atmospheric air pressure. Air pressure on paper from outside more pressure on it from the inside of the glass and, accordingly, does not allow the paper to release water from the container.

Rene Descartes' experiment or pipette diver

This entertaining experience about three hundred years. It is attributed to the French scientist René Descartes.

You will need plastic bottle with stopper, pipette and water. Fill the bottle, leaving two to three millimeters to the edge of the neck. Take a pipette, fill it with some water and drop it into the neck of the bottle. Its upper rubber end should be at or slightly above the level in the bottle. In this case, you need to ensure that with a slight push with your finger the pipette sinks, and then slowly floats up on its own. Now close the cap and squeeze the sides of the bottle. The pipette will go to the bottom of the bottle. Release the pressure on the bottle and it will float again.

The fact is that we slightly compressed the air in the neck of the bottle and this pressure was transferred to the water. penetrated the pipette - it became heavier (since water is heavier than air) and drowned. When the pressure stopped, the compressed air inside the pipette removed the excess, our “diver” became lighter and surfaced. If at the beginning of the experiment the “diver” does not listen to you, then you need to adjust the amount of water in the pipette. When the pipette is at the bottom of the bottle, it is easy to see how, as the pressure on the walls of the bottle increases, it enters the pipette, and when the pressure is loosened, it comes out of it.