We align the walls with our own hands - general recommendations for a successful repair. We level the walls with plaster according to all the rules

It often happens that baths are equipped in rooms that used to belong to the garage, summer kitchen or just old small house. Why not? Much less investment is needed construction works- too (there is a basis!), It remains only to do the finishing and internal content- install a stove, buy a lining and ... And this is where difficulties occur - the walls in such structures are often uneven, old and require major repairs. What to do? It is not necessary to hire workers - this article will tell you how to level the walls with your own hands.

So, wall alignment technology can be “dry” and “raw”. In the first case, plasterboard structures are used, in the second case, the correction is made with a building mixture. And in order to correctly choose which of the methods to stop, the irregularities need to be measured laser level Or at least level. So, small cavities can be corrected with ordinary putty - if they are no more than five centimeters. For everything else, there is dry technology. But if the differences turned out to be more than 5 centimeters, it is better to purchase drywall.

Method number 1. The most budgetary - with an ax

The roughest places are easier to clean with an axe. Moreover, as soon as a kilogram or two of such waste is accumulated, they can be soaked in a bucket all night, then add a little wallpaper glue - and now the free mixture for leveling the pits is ready! Cheap and cheerful.

Method number 2. For small flaws - putty

Putty in the bath is used to align the walls with lighthouses - but only when it makes sense - when the height differences in it are very small, or they complete the alignment of the corners of the walls in all rooms with it. For such work, you will need a narrow and wide spatula, a mixture and a cuvette with a flat bottom. So, step by step:

Step 1. Prepare the mixture. To make it without dry lumps, it is better to knead with a construction mixer. Its consistency should be such that the cone from stirring with a stick retains its shape. After that, the putty will thicken and it will need to be periodically diluted with water or a primer. So that the mixture does not dry out, it must be put in a cuvette and covered. And it is easy to check whether it is of sufficient density: if it keeps well in vertical position and does not slip off the spatula - this is what you need.
Step 2. The mixture is applied to the surface of the wall to be leveled with a spatula - in small strokes. Further, with vertical and horizontal measured movements, it must be leveled to a thickness of 1-2 mm, while holding the spatula itself at an angle. There is a secret here: the greater the angle of inclination of the spatula to the wall, the thinner the layer will turn out - and therefore, for its uniformity, the tool is fixed with a free hand.
Step 3. As soon as the mixture "grabs", it is advisable to gently rinse it with a primer - this will remove bumps and sagging. And after the first layer dries, which will take at least a day, the wall must be sanded with a zero sandpaper - for convenience, it is wound on a small bar. If a second layer is needed, then the first one is preliminarily well primed - otherwise cracks cannot be avoided due to moisture that can be absorbed into the previously applied putty.

In principle, even with more serious irregularities, you can get by with one putty - if only you use a special mesh. Although the process itself will be more laborious.

Method number 3. For tangible height differences - plaster

So, here detailed instructions how to level the walls with plaster in the bath:

Step 1. A number of preparatory work is being carried out: if necessary, obsolete finishing materials are dismantled and the general condition of the surface is assessed, which will be plastered.
Step 2. Choose a mixture - for brickwork it's better to take it cement base which is inexpensive and lasts a long time. But for foam concrete, leveling the walls with plaster on gypsum mixtures is quite suitable - quartz microparticles in them will make the wall rough and tenacious for the next type of finish.
Step 3 Beacons are placed. For plaster, this can be a perforated profile or special purchased fixtures that will not need to be removed or masked later - which is their plus. You need to put beacons on a vertical strip of the mixture that will be used - with a distance in the length of the rule so that it rests on them and does not accidentally slip off.
Step 4. The first layer is laid. If it is a cement mixture, it can be quite thick, but if more than 2 centimeters is exceeded, it is better to use a special plaster mesh for reinforcement. Also, if a gypsum mixture is used for a concrete wall, the entire surface must first be primed and reinforced with a polymer mesh. In any case, it is done this way: between the lighthouses, the so-called “bait” is thrown - a large amount of the mixture, for which a trowel and a “falcon” are used - a tool that is somewhat reminiscent of a trowel, but with a much larger base. They can collect the mixture in large quantities, which saves time.
Step 5. "Battery" after casting is not leveled - it should dry out a little. And only on it, as on a draft layer, a finishing layer is applied, which must be evenly distributed in the direction from bottom to top.

Using the same method, it is not difficult to understand how to align the corners of the walls in the bath - exactly according to the same principle, only using additional tools.

Method number 4. For very old walls - mortar

If the walls in the bath are already quite old, then fix them on new plaster not only expensive, but also most often inefficient - over time, cracks will still appear. In this case, it is better to stick to this technology:

Step 1. In whatever condition old plaster was not located, you do not need to touch it - it is attached to the wall itself metal carcass under GVL.
Step 2. Formwork is attached to the frame to a height of up to half a meter.
Step 3 A solution is poured between the wall and the formwork. Formwork builds up and the cycle repeats.
Step 4. After a day or two, the formwork is removed and the GVL is fixed.

Here's how to level the walls in an old bath at minimal cost!

Method number 5. For hopeless options - drywall and its analogues

For large potholes, the most low-budget, and at the same time, effective option is drywall. And you can mount it both frame and frameless way.

In the first case, a frame is placed from a finished metal profile or timber - less durable and more difficult in terms of installation. It is not difficult to install such a frame - guide profiles are mounted to the ceiling, after which guides along the width of the sheet are attached at a distance of half a meter (standard - 120 cm). Then the walls are insulated with foam or mineral wool. After that, drywall sheets are screwed with special self-tapping screws made of oxidized metal, the caps of which must be “hidden” in the sheet. And behind the drywall itself, you can lay communications - at the same time hide them from sight.

The frameless method consists in the fact that drywall sheets are glued directly to the wall - quickly and cheaply, but serious defects cannot be eliminated, of course. And, of course, this method is not suitable for a steam room and a washing room - it is impossible for moisture to get on the drywall. That is why only lining is used for such places - it is also attached to a frame with insulation, and for it, leveling the walls with your own hands and its quality is not particularly important.

You can use plywood instead of drywall, and plastic panels for which wooden bars are placed instead of profiles. But for a bath, due to its temperature fluctuations and air humidity, not all materials are suitable - this must be remembered.

In general, the main thing is the result. Whatever the finish is planned, the main thing is that it doesn’t work out, as in that joke where the bricklayer expects the plasterer to level the wall, the plasterer that the puttyer, and the latter relies on painting, which the painter will do.

Smooth walls in the bath are not only Beautiful design, but also a guarantee of the durability of its interior decoration!

When erecting building bodies, builders often fail to ideally maintain the basic geometric shapes of the object being created. Therefore, there are minor defects in the load-bearing structures of the walls and ceiling, which do not affect the strength characteristics of the house and the safety of people living, but worsen the visual perception of the interior of the premises.

Such shortcomings need to be corrected. An experienced builder Chernov Dmitry Vladimirovich shares his practical experience in this matter. His real advice designed to help home master choose one of the recommended ways to effectively level the walls with your own hands when performing repairs in the apartment.

Technological sequence of repair work

Any unevenness and roughness of the surfaces cannot be ignored. They immediately catch the eye, significantly worsen the design of the room. Therefore, the walls of the apartment must be perfectly even. Only in this case, the paint will lie well on them or the wallpaper will be securely glued.

There is a generally accepted apartment renovation algorithm:

leveling the floor in the room;
marking and preparation of the wall surface;
installation of internal communications: electrical wires with switching devices (sockets, switches, junction boxes), water and heating pipes, ventilation ducts and other building systems;
plastering door and window openings;
direct alignment of the walls.

Depending on the specific surface condition, one of two methods can be selected:

plaster - leveling the surface with adhesive mortars;
plasterboard coating - installation of plasterboard sheets on the walls to ensure a uniform wall plane.

They differ from each other in the materials used, the cost and the time spent on repairs.

To choose any of these construction methods, two questions will need to be clearly defined:

how far the real wall deviates from the ideal vertical plane:
how to ensure electrical safety during repair work.

Electric current, and an ordinary household tool, are fraught with risks of various injuries. Necessary This requirement becomes especially important when working in rooms with electrical equipment and live wiring. It's best to turn it off.

Leveling the surface of the walls with plaster mortars

This method should be used when the deviation error building wall from the vertical does not exceed four to six centimeters. The work is carried out in several stages.

Preparatory stage

Before applying a layer of putty, you will need:

clean the wall surface from old putty, wallpaper, mold and other contaminants;
impregnate the wall material with special primer solutions that will degrease the surface and begin to work as an antifungal protection.

Installation of plaster beacons

This is the simplest and most reliable way that will allow a home master with basic practical skills to perform high-quality work.

Beacons are specially prepared planes or profiles located in the vertical direction, along which the surface is leveled. They can be created through:

The first method requires good skills in working with building mixtures and mortars for plastering.

The second method is a little easier to implement. Let's analyze it in a little more detail.

When placing beacons strictly vertically, they use a building level or plumb line. They are fastened along the edges of the wall to a solution of gypsum or alabaster.

However, in order to ensure a stronger building structure dowel screws can be used. You will need to install them.

When the extreme landmarks are set, then a construction line is stretched between them in 3-4 rows. The rest of the beacons are mounted along it in increments of 0.5 ÷ 1 m, aligning them with the help of stretched rows of fishing line. A slight touch of the cord to the surface of the reference provides a uniform vertical plane.

If there are bulges in the middle of the wall, then the first beacon must be attached to the largest ledge, and from it, reference points should be drawn to both sides of the wall along the extreme points and a stretched fishing line. All surfaces must be located strictly in the same vertical plane.

When is the installation planned? concealed wiring and pipelines, it is necessary to mark the locations of electrical sockets, boxes and switches, the routes for the passage of pipelines and cables. Beacons can be used to secure electrical wiring and switching devices.

If the thickness of the putty is insufficient for its installation, on the order of 1 ÷ 2 cm, then you will need to gouge the wall in order to reliably hide the wiring.

Applying a primer layer of putty

Composition preparation

To create a soil, it is necessary to prepare a mixture consisting of a binder (cement, gypsum, alabaster) and aggregate (sand or chalk). The solution is prepared in the ratio:

one portion of the binder component;
three servings of filler.

There are ready-made mixtures of industrial production. They can be purchased in the trade and simply diluted with water according to the instructions. It is convenient to stir the composition in a construction bucket.

When the solution is prepared, then PVA glue can be added to it. It will give an additional increase in the viscosity of the solution.

According to the purpose, plaster mixes are divided into three groups:

simple compositions used without special finishing. They are applied in two layers;
improved mixtures designed to cover under wallpaper. Created in three layers - spraying, priming and coating;
high quality plasters used for walls to be painted.

According to the structure of the incoming components, plaster is:

wet - based on cement-containing mixtures;
dry - with a base of gypsum or lime components.

For priming walls, it is necessary to apply plaster mixtures with a minimum layer thickness. Excessive volume of the solution leads to cracking of the drying surface. The material of the wall affects the volume of the layer.

Brick

Its surface has a characteristic relief, and a layer of mortar less than 5 mm is very difficult to level. Its thickness can be increased to five cm, but for this you will have to lay a reinforced mesh. Without it, you can create a layer up to 2.5 centimeters.

Concrete

It has excellent adhesion to all finishing solutions and a well-leveled surface. A layer of plaster can be laid from two millimeters to seven centimeters. Reinforced mesh must be used from 2 cm.

aerated concrete

Structure like concrete. A layer of plaster is applied from two to 15 mm.

wooden surfaces

Plaster on wood in the usual way doesn't lay down. Reinforcement is needed from a metal or plastic mesh with cells up to 40 mm. They are fixed with screws or glue.

The plaster solution is applied in two layers:

for the first time hide the grid:
in the second - level the created surface.

Insulation materials

The application of plaster is the same as for wood surfaces. The coating layer with a solution as a heater is no different from the coating method

Solution application technology

Plastering is carried out in several successive stages that solve certain problems:

splatter or pre-layer providing adhesion plaster mixture with wall material. For him use liquid composition, which is thrown onto the surface to be treated in order to create irregularities. 5 mm are thrown on brick, concrete and blocks of aerated concrete, and 9 mm on the reinforcing mesh for wood;
priming is the main layer. It is applied over the spray after the start of setting, but incomplete solidification. The thick consistency of the solution is thrown onto the surface of the wall and at the same time leveled with a spatula. The process is repeated until the wall is completely leveled;
covering or the final coating, smoothing out the remaining defects and errors. In order for this layer to fulfill its functions, the thickness of its fractions must be up to 2 mm, and the spatula is used with a wide canvas. They tightly press the solution and evenly level it, making circular movements;
grout finishing plastering.

It is convenient to apply the soil and level it over the beacons. It is simply thrown over the entire surface between them, and then immediately smoothed out with a wide and long aluminum rail moving along the surface of the lighthouses with oscillatory movements from the bottom up.

The composition of the solution must be selected according to the operating conditions. A gypsum or alabaster base is well suited for living rooms, and indoors with high humidity it is better to use a solution from the cement component.

Dry chalk mixtures can be added to the alabaster solution in the ratio: 1 serving of alabaster to 1 serving of the mixture. This will give greater elasticity and strength, and will not allow the solution to dry quickly.

We recommend that you watch additional tips on working with plaster solutions in the video of the owner of Isolux "Alignment of walls with plaster".

It has a lot of useful tips on the use and preparation of various building mixtures.

Alignment of walls with drywall

This work can be done in two ways:

fastening sheets directly to the wall;
creating a mounting frame.

Both methods have already been discussed in the article on apartment renovation and

Frameless technology

This method involves gluing each sheet of drywall with mounting adhesive or its analogues. They are convenient to purchase at the store and cook according to the attached instructions.

You can also prepare a mixture for gluing with your own hands:

we take alabaster;
add PVA glue to it, observing the proportion: for 1 kg of mineral - 100 ÷ 150 grams of glue;
dilute with water and stir to a state of jelly.

This mixture dries quickly, so it is necessary to work not only quickly, but to prepare the solution in small portions.

You can apply a layer of the finished mixture:

dotted;
stripes.

Point method

The finished mixture, in small cakes with a diameter of 10 ÷ 12 cm and a height of 3 ÷ 5, is applied to the surface of drywall, placing parallel strips with a distance of 0.3 ÷ 0.4 m between them.

The prepared sheet is applied with cakes to the wall and with light taps of a rubber hammer, its position is aligned vertically with respect to the wall.

Blows are applied only to those places where there are cakes, and to protect the fragile base of drywall, a small piece of wooden board or plywood is placed under the hammer.

Gluing sheets in stripes

A strip of glue is applied to the surface of the wall or drywall. Then the sheet is glued and it is aligned in the vertical plane, as in the first case. This method creates a good fastening, but the consumption of mortar increases.

Composite drywall sheets are recommended to be glued from top to bottom. This allows you to make sure that they are securely attached to the wall.

Fastening drywall to frame

This method is called dry wall leveling. It is performed by installing drywall sheets. For installation, you will need to create a crate from a metal profile.

The standard width of a GKL sheet is 120 cm. Knowing this size, it is convenient to calculate the area from the height of the room, which is for:

200 cm - 2.4 sq m;
250 cm - 3 sq. m;
300 cm - 3.6 sq. m.

This method allows you to quickly estimate the consumption of material in your mind, plan the progress of work.

Mounting order vertical profile in principle similar to the method of installing plaster beacons described above.

It is important to strictly observe the exact distance of 60 cm between the centers of each profile. This is necessary for screwing self-tapping screws along the edges and in the middle of the GKL sheet.

Profiles are mounted with screws and plastic stoppers- dowels. For a more durable construction of the crate, it is recommended to install crossbars with a height of 50 cm. If the height of the sheet is not enough to fill the wall, then it is necessary to mount additional rack-crossbars of the required size

Plasterboard sheets are installed on the finished crate with self-tapping screws. Screws are screwed along their edges every 10–15 centimeters, and in the center the distance can be increased to 25–30 cm. All screw heads must be sunk into the drywall surface.

If necessary, the sheathed wall can be insulated and soundproofed. To do this, use the appropriate building materials.

After fixing the drywall, its surface is treated with a finishing putty. It will reliably hide the mount and all the joints between the sheets.

For more tips, check out the Stone Guys' How to Make a DIY Drywall Frame video.

Wall alignment is necessary for almost every apartment owner: walls are rarely perfect. During a major overhaul, such work is necessary, because this type of repair is associated with laying various communications within the walls.

There are three types of wall alignment:

cosmetic;
dry;
wet.

cosmetic alignment

Do-it-yourself cosmetic leveling of walls is the easiest way to make their surface smooth. This type of alignment is most often done before finishing the premises. For example, alignment requires pasting surfaces with wallpaper.

It should be said right away that a cosmetic procedure is possible only if the walls have minor damage. On some surfaces, small cracks, pits and other defects can be found. With large damage, this method is useless.

The process of leveling the walls is carried out using putty. Before carrying out work, you need to visit the store and buy a dry composition. Sometimes you can find ready-made liquid mixtures of putty. Dry materials are bred at home in containers. The process itself is very simple and does not require any special knowledge. Leveling is done with a medium or large trowel. Putty is not applied to the entire wall, it should be applied only in places where there are defects.

After applying the composition, it is necessary to level the surface. Next, the master will have to wait until the putty dries. Only after the composition has dried can work be continued. For the final alignment of the wall, it is necessary to wipe the putty with sandpaper, removing all unnecessary from the surface. On this cosmetic alignment can be considered complete.

Plasterboard cladding

Dry leveling is most often done using drywall. GCR is the most economical and easy-to-use material. Drywall has advantages over other similar materials.

Drywall can be easily cut and created with it in various shapes.
In addition to leveling, this material can also be used for heat and sound insulation in the room.
GKL is an absolutely environmentally friendly material, it does not contain harmful impurities and additives.
Some types of drywall can be used even in areas where there is a high risk of fire, but even a simple drywall can withstand fire for a long time.
This material is very accessible. It is inexpensive and is available in almost every store that has construction tools.
Even a beginner can work with drywall. True, in the process you must be careful not to damage the sheet.
GKL does not require special tools. The master can get by with a minimum set of accessories.

In order to carry out work on leveling the walls with the help of gypsum boards, you must first measure the room where the repair is supposed to be carried out. Additionally, you can also make a drawing. Then you should calculate the number of required components. Profiles may be required for fastening GKL.

Drywall leveling work can be done in two ways:

frame alignment;
alignment without frame.
Frame Alignment

Preparation for drywall When attaching the plasterboard to the frame, you can additionally put a layer of thermal insulation under the sheets. In the same way, the premises are protected from extra noise. To level the surface, you will need to buy a base to create a frame. This method is not designed for very small spaces because it reduces the area of the room.

In addition to the GKL, you need to buy guides, racks, suspensions and self-tapping screws.
Guides must be installed on the floor.
Racks are attached to the wall. It is better to use suspensions for this purpose so that the racks are stronger.
Now you can install drywall sheets.

Alignment without frame

Alignment without using a frame involves gluing sheets.

A grid of dowels is created on the wall, into which self-tapping screws are screwed. Self-tapping screws should be spaced about 25 - 30 cm apart.
Then the putty is mixed. She pounces on each screw in such a way as to hide it. The layer of putty above the self-tapping screw must be at least 1 cm. For work, you must choose a quick-drying gypsum putty.
Plasterboard sheets are pressed against the putty. This should be done as tightly as possible.

If the walls are very damaged or too uneven, then it is better to use the frame method, which is just designed for the most difficult cases.

Note! When using GKL, it must be remembered that such walls are not intended for the installation of cabinets. If a heavy object is hung on a drywall surface, the wall will collapse, and all work will have to be done again. Drywall is very brittle material, which, however, is irreplaceable in some situations. Instead of GKL, various panels and wood-fiber materials are sometimes used.

Wet leveling

Wet leveling is done with plaster. The plaster used for such purposes can be:

cement;
plaster.

Cement plaster is cheaper. It is used for both interior and exterior decoration. The advantage of this material is that it is resistant to moisture. That is why cement compositions can be used in bathrooms and kitchens where the humidity level is high. Also, the cement composition is used in rooms not intended for living, for example, in garages and utility rooms.

Gypsum plaster is more expensive than cement plaster. It creates a favorable microclimate in the premises. It can also be applied on top of the cement composition, the latter being used as a base for leveling.

The leveling process with plaster can be divided into three stages. First, beacons are set, then the composition itself is applied, and on final stage alignment is performed.

Many masters argue which method of leveling in difficult situations will be more effective. Someone thinks that it is better to install drywall sheets, while someone is closer to plaster. Working with plaster is a very old method that has been used for a long time. The surface covered with plaster is very durable. Unlike GKL, such a wall is able to withstand wall cabinets and other items.

Note! Plastering takes a lot of time. And most of the time will be spent on setting beacons. Installing beacons on the wall is a very complex process, it requires care. Such painstaking work can infuriate the most impatient apartment owners.

Plastering has another advantage. It does not take away space from small rooms. But drywall, even when laid on bare walls, still hides the size of the room.

When choosing between drywall and plaster, you need to opt for the material that seems more familiar. If the master has never worked with plaster, then it is better to take the plasterboard for leveling. Because it's easier to work with him. By the way, drywall sheets are sometimes simply necessary. In old houses, the destruction of the walls is too great, and the plaster may not be very effective.

Tips

How to level walls with drywall

How to make high-quality wall alignment with your own hands, what technology to use? Drywall will help us. Watch the video.

Unfortunately, technological processes during the construction of both external and internal walls, do not make it possible to have absolutely flat surfaces and right angles. Not only new buildings, but also dwellings that have been in operation for a long time require high-quality preparation for finishing coatings.

Of all the variety of means and methods, the most optimal is to level the walls with drywall with your own hands. Without resorting to the so-called "wet" processes (plastering the walls), you can quickly and reliably level the walls and get an acceptable result with your own hands. Working with drywall is easy and convenient.

The most commonly used sheets are 12.5 mm thick. The sheet size, most often, is 1.2x2.5 meters. There is also a variety such as moisture resistant drywall, more often used in rooms with intermittent high humidity, they have the same dimensions as a regular wall.

There are two ways: glue and frame for fixing drywall sheets and leveling walls: Adhesive - more complex and is used only on solid stone bases. The frame method is easier to install, with its help you can level the surfaces with your own hands along the walls of any material. In addition, it is possible to improve the soundproofing capabilities of the walls. Avoiding dusty and often complex operations, change communications.

The frame can be connected to the wall, or it can be made independent. Independent installation is used if the walls can shrink or are made of fragile materials, for example, such as timber, chopped, adobe. A special profile is used to equip the spatial frame. Distinguish guide and rack profile. It is not recommended to use a ceiling profile for leveling walls, but if a large load is not provided for on the walls or a small area is to be leveled, for example, a screen on a loggia, a niche under a window, then this is quite possible.
leveling the walls with drywall with your own hands For work you will need: plumb line, level, tape measure, pencil and marker, knife, hammer drill or a light hammer drill, screwdriver.
Work begins with marking the vertical levels with a plumb line in opposite corners. Focusing on the maximum protruding parts of the wall, horizontal levels are marked.

This is a very responsible operation, since the final result of the work will depend on its accuracy. Then holes are drilled on the ceiling and on the floor along the marked lines. The step is 1000 mm, but not less than three dowels for any profile fragment. After laying the soundproofing tape, a guide profile is attached with the help of driven dowels. Rack profiles are installed in the attached guides, starting from the bottom. The rack must enter at least 20 mm into the rail on the ceiling. The open sides of the profiles are oriented in one direction, and their technology step must be at least 600 mm. After leveling the racks with a level or a plumb line, they are attached to the rails using self-tapping screws or special brackets. Drywall sheets are attached to the prepared frame. When sheathing, self-tapping screws for metal 25 mm long with a step of 250 mm are used.

It is best to fasten sheets of drywall using a screwdriver with a special nozzle that will not allow the self-tapping screws to go deep into the drywall, thereby loosening the fastening. If not a full sheet is used for sheathing, then it can be easily cut. To do this, marking is carried out on one side, then, applying a ruler, level or rule, the cardboard and parts of the gypsum filler are cut with a knife, after which the cardboard shell is broken and trimmed along the cut line on the other side. When cutting sheets, from the part that will be facing the front side, it is necessary to chamfer, which is necessary when sealing the seams.

Tools

How to properly level the walls at home

Do-it-yourself wall alignment is a rather laborious process, but you can’t do without it if you are going to do quality repair. Without even walls, you are unlikely to succeed. So get ready for the "dirty" work. True, some prefer the dry method to the wet (using plaster) method - leveling the surface with drywall sheets, but the traditional method using leveling mixtures is still considered a classic of the genre.

We offer you favorable prices for wall puttying and the lowest prices for leveling walls among the masters and teams of your city. Discounts up to 40%.
So, how to align the walls with your own hands? It will not be difficult for a beginner to level the walls with drywall. Drywall sheets are attached to the frame to be mounted along the walls with self-tapping screws or planted on a special adhesive mixture. For the frame, a galvanized metal profile is used, and most important point in its installation is the correct removal of the level of the wall. After fixing the plasterboard panels, they are plastered, creating a perfectly flat surface for wallpapering or painting with any type of paint and varnish coatings.

Do-it-yourself wall alignment in a wet way - for more "advanced" repairs. For such work, it is better to have at least elementary skills with a spatula and the ability to bring beacons.

Step-by-step instructions for leveling walls

1 We begin the alignment of the walls by determining the degree of their curvature. To do this, we need a level or plumb line. It is most convenient to use a plumb line. In the most protruding section of the wall, we drive in a nail and hang a plumb line on it at a distance of about 1 cm from the wall. Then, along the entire length of the plumb line, we hammer 3 more nails, creating a straight vertical line. We check the plane of the hammered nails. After that, we move on to the corners of the room. We drive nails at a distance of about 20 cm from the corner and, constantly leveling the plane, we stretch a thread along each row of nails, from corner to corner. The distance between the rows of nails should not be more than the width of the rule that will be used to align the walls.

2 We knead the putty with a construction mixer and proceed to install the beacons. To do this, we take the rule, apply it to vertically hammered nails and, gently holding it with our hand, hammer the putty along the entire length. Having filled all the space between the wall and the rule, carefully remove it. We perform the same operation around the entire perimeter of the walls. We got a flat line of the same level, which we will be equal to in further work.

3 Now we apply putty on the walls, distributing the rule over the surface. Putty mortar is applied from the lighthouses and further along the wall.

4 The final stage of work on leveling the wall is grouting. To do this, we use a special building semi-ter. To improve the adhesion of the finish coating and walls (whether it be paint or wallpaper), we apply a primer layer over the putty.

To level the walls with your own hands, choose the method that you feel you can master. And then your walls will please the eye for a long time with their impeccable lines, even and smooth surface, which can be periodically updated with a sticker of new wallpaper or a new layer of paint.

Do-it-yourself ceiling alignment

In rooms with low ceilings, it is not possible to install suspended structures made of PVC or drywall, so you have to level the concrete floors directly, using cement, rotband or putty for this. Below you will learn how the ceiling is aligned with the lighthouses - the video clip posted here will become an additional visual aid for learning. Try to study all the material and you will understand that working with a spatula is available to every healthy person, and repairing the ceiling and walls is just a matter of technology.

In order to understand the essence of the work of a painter-plasterer, we will consider such a process as leveling the ceiling with putty on concrete floors. If you follow these instructions, then you can do all the work yourself, without paying for the work of hired craftsmen, and perhaps you yourself will make it your source of income in the future (see also Leveling the ceiling with plaster). Tools needed for puttying leveling ceilings video Trowel, trowel with clamps and sandpaper The set of tools used for puttying is not so great, but the technology for leveling the ceiling and, as a result, the quality of the work performed will depend on the use of different devices.
If we are leveling the ceiling with concrete floors, then we will certainly need a small hard trowel to clean the surface. Also, spatulas will be needed for applying and pulling the putty mixture, one of them is 100mm wide, and the other is from 300 to 500mm. do-it-yourself ceiling alignment Maklavitsa and a paint roller in a paint bath To prime the surface, you will also need a tool, moreover, for uneven concrete floors it is better to use a maklavitsa, and a paint roller can be primed even layer starting putty. technology for leveling the ceiling Malka putty Some use malka to tighten and apply the mixture, but with such a tool it is necessary not to level the surface, but to do the rough work.

Slow-speed drill with a mixer Of course, you can not do without a drill for mixing the mixture and a bucket, moreover, the putty bucket is now made from special compounds so that it does not break with a mixer, so you will have to purchase such a tool. leveling the ceiling for painting Painting cord (chokline) with a supply of blue In order to beat off the control line around the perimeter of the room for setting beacons, you will need a chokeline or, as it is more commonly called, a paint cord, as well as a water level. First of all, everything that does not adhere well to it should be cleaned from the main ceiling - this is paint, lime and old, falling off plaster. In fact, the alignment of walls and ceilings in ideal you need to work on brick or concrete, removing absolutely all layers of finishing materials, but if you are sure that the old plaster is strong enough, then you can putty on it (see also Aligning the ceiling with drywall: installation instructions). Preparation for work leveling walls and ceilings

Drawing a line with a choline

After removing the paint or bush hammering around the perimeter of the room, you need to make a control line with a chokeline, which will serve as a level for installing lighthouse perforated profiles. To do this, marks are placed in the corners of the room with the help of a water level, between which a masking cord is stretched and an orientation line is beaten off. Advice. In order to take off old paint, whitewash or putty, you need a fairly hard spatula or bush hammer, which you can do yourself. So, a spatula 50 mm wide is cut to 3 cm long, thus acquiring rigidity, and an old hatchet for cutting meat can act as a bush hammer. Installation of beacons alignment of ceilings and walls Perforated beacon profile Consider five important nuances: Before installing beacons, the main ceiling must be primed and allowed to dry - this may take several hours.

After that, prepare a mixture of dry starting putty and water. You can, of course, use materials such as ready-made mixtures, but this will not be rational, and the cost of the finished solution is much higher. A track of putty mixture is applied to the ceiling and a beacon is applied to it. Beacon profiles are from 6 to 8 mm, but their thickness does not affect the methods of applying putty, simply, the thicker the beacon, the harder it is. When installing the lighthouse, its edges are guided by the control line you made earlier, but the profile itself will bend in one direction or the other, so it needs to be aligned. To level the dome, use a building rule or a long level. Since the alignment of ceilings and walls is made by the rule, the distance between the beacons should not exceed its length, but, on the contrary, be 10-15 cm less than the length of this tool. In order for all the beacons to lie in one plane, it is necessary to pull the thread in the middle of the ceiling, under the profiles. Before you start puttingty on the lighthouses, they must dry and it is best to wait until the next day, although experienced craftsmen start work after 3-4 hours. While the beacons dry, the alignment of the walls and ceiling can be done by covering various cracks, potholes and joints of concrete floors.

Putty on lighthouses

When the beacons are dry, you can proceed to further work. As we already mentioned, on the page you will find "Ceiling Alignment - Video Clip", which will help you better understand the instructions. The final alignment of the ceiling for painting is carried out with a second layer of finer, finishing putty, before which a primer is applied to the first layer. Experienced craftsmen apply the finishing putty so that it no longer needs to be sanded, but you will need to do this with special grater, to which sandpaper or a diamond mesh is fastened. Recommendation. The applied layer of putty must not exceed 50 mm, otherwise there is a danger of collapse, even if the mixture is applied in several stages and along the plaster grid. So before leveling the ceiling, determine the thickness of the layer and if it exceeds the allowable level, then you should use a cement-sand mortar with a mesh or reinforcement elements.

Repair

Not all apartments can boast of smooth walls. And if it can be imperceptible when pasting with wallpaper, then when mounting the ceiling plinth, all the shortcomings immediately pop up. Most often this can be found in houses built in the 50-60s. Depending on the degree of curvature, there are several ways to level the walls with your own hands. They will be discussed in the article.

Alignment of walls with drywall

This is the most acceptable option for leveling walls and ceilings with your own hands. Fastening drywall sheets does not require special skills, and the work is done quite quickly. There are 2 ways how to do it. If the curvature of the walls does not exceed the level difference of 4 cm by 2 running meters, then the faster frameless method will do. If necessary, hide communications or additionally insulate the walls when leveling, mount the frame.

Before starting work, you need to choose the right material:

for a living room with normal humidity, ordinary drywall with a gray front side is suitable;
for the bathroom or any other room with high humidity, to align the walls, a special moisture-resistant GKLV with a green front side is chosen. It has special impregnations, but it costs a little more than usual;
for rooms that have high fire-resistant requirements, such as a kitchen, it is recommended to opt for GKLVO. These sheets are moisture and fire resistant, green with red markings.

The technology of leveling walls with drywall without a frame

When the walls are almost even and have slight differences, the stages of work will look like this:

thorough ground preparation, including complete removal wallpaper or paint to a layer of plaster;
further, it is recommended to tap the entire wall, if voids are found or plaster comes off in some places, it must be cleaned and a layer of putty applied for leveling;
at the end, remove all dust from the walls with a whisk or vacuum cleaner. If this is not done, then due to the layer of dust, the adhesion of the adhesive to the base will decrease;
now the surface can be primed. Since GKL sheets are heavy, it is better to use special primers for concrete in which sand is present. This will increase the reliability of fastening to the glue;

drywall adhesive is always sold dry. Before work, dilute the required amount (for the first time it is better to prepare a little) glue. By consistency, it should resemble a tile adhesive, that is, it should be quite thick. For kneading, use a screwdriver or a drill with a mixer nozzle. Before starting work, it must be infused for 5 minutes;
the method of applying the adhesive will depend on which facing material is planned to be applied to the aligned drywall wall. If it is wallpaper, then the glue is applied around the perimeter and in the center in small portions. But for finishing with a heavy tile all over or with a stone, the adhesive composition is distributed evenly with a notched trowel over the entire surface of the sheet, also having previously applied it to the wall itself;
the GKL sheet is applied to the wall, leveled and pressed tightly with the help of gentle tapping with a rubber mallet or fist. Do not forget that this is a fragile material and can easily crack.

If a socket is located at the attachment point, then before attaching the sheet, its location is marked on it. You can cut it out after fixing right in place;

Tip: cutting drywall evenly and accurately is quite difficult, so there are often errors in miscalculations. Such places are best immediately puttied with sickle. If the hole is made and not at all in the right place, then it must be repaired with alabaster.

Having attached the first sheet in the corner of the room, the second one is closely mounted to it. They must be on the same level. If, when pressed, the adhesive protrudes beyond the sheet, it must be immediately carefully cleaned with a spatula. Even small gaps should not form between the sheets.

Alignment of walls with drywall with very strong irregularities

In some cases, the walls have significant differences in height, but it is not possible to make a frame for the crate. For example, if the room is very small. If you don’t want to work with putty, you can also turn to GKL sheets. In this case, the order of work will be as follows:

in fact, it will not be possible to do without a frame at all, but instead of rails or a profile whose thickness is at least 3-4 cm, drywall will be used. To do this, a sheet 9 mm thick is cut into strips 10-12 cm wide;

they are glued vertically in increments of 40 cm. It is advisable to use the adhesive of the greatest fixation, apply it in a thick layer. In the future, it will be he who will take on the maximum load. The composition is given time for complete setting - 2-3 days;
then the sheets themselves are glued to the finished frame. In this case, it is better to refuse wall option 12.5 mm thick and choose a thinner and lighter 9 mm drywall, originally intended for the ceiling.

Tip: despite the seeming ease, leveling the walls with drywall without a frame is quite laborious and difficult. It is necessary not only to choose the right adhesive composition, but also to carefully seal all the resulting joints with putty.

Alignment of walls with drywall with a frame

When arranging the frame, preliminary preparation of the walls is minimized. But still, it is desirable to remove all the peeled off coating, whether it be peeling wallpaper or crumbling plaster. If possible, the walls are treated with antiseptic primers.
Suitable for crates as inexpensive wooden slats, as well as special metal profiles. The latter are recommended for use in rooms with high humidity. If the work on leveling the walls is carried out in a wooden house, then the frame is fastened with self-tapping screws; in an apartment with brick or concrete walls, a puncher and dowels are required.
The first profile rail is mounted vertically in the corner along the entire height of the wall. All subsequent ones are arranged similarly in increments of 60 cm. This distance is due standard width drywall sheet 120 cm.

On all other walls, the slats are also attached. Be sure to make a crate around each window and doorway in the form of a border. When it is finished on all the walls to be leveled, they begin to fasten the sheets.
First put whole sheets, starting from the bottom. The standard height is 250 cm, for most urban apartments this is enough to make a seamless coating. When the ceiling height is higher, a drywall patch is made from above, cut to the exact size.

Tip: GKL sheets around the perimeter have bevelled edges that facilitate their puttying. Therefore, when connecting small pieces of materials, one must try to ensure that these edges are at the joints.

For fixing, black 35 mm self-tapping screws are used with a step of 15 cm along all the rails that are located under the sheet. They should enter the material in such a way that the caps do not stick out, but do not deepen either, but are exactly flush with the surface. When the sheet is completely screwed, it is necessary to check all the screws, it happens that some of them begin to bulge. In this case, they should be tightened.

Tip: special tools are sold for cutting drywall, but a regular clerical knife is also suitable for small scales. First, a guide is tightly applied (for example, a rail, a level) and an even cut is made along it with a clerical knife, deepening it as much as possible into the material. We must try to cut through the entire plaster through, for this they want 2-3 passes with a knife. Then the sheet in this place is slightly pressed and with reverse side cut through the back side of the cardboard. As a result of such work, a lot of gypsum dust is formed.

Attaching the entire drywall is only the first step in leveling the walls with your own hands. Then they are primed and putty first only at the joints and places where the screws are screwed. For greater strength and prevention of subsequent cracking at the joints individual sheets drywall, they are glued with sickle tape. It goes deep into the putty composition so that it does not protrude beyond its limits. After finishing work, the composition is left to dry for a day.

Next, a finishing layer of plaster or putty is applied over the entire surface of the wall. it hard work, in the process of which, it is necessary to make an absolutely flat surface of the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe wall. Do not allow the presence of sagging or recesses. Even further sanding with a special grater will not allow you to completely hide them, and they will definitely appear not only through painting, but even through textured wallpaper.

Leveling the walls with putty

Another traditional way of leveling walls is with or without putty on beacons. It is used in the construction of new brick houses or when renovating apartments.
To do quality work, you need to choose the right putty composition. They differ in composition depending on the expected operating conditions. There are two main types: gypsum and cement putty. Consider how to work with each of these compounds.

Leveling the surface of the walls with gypsum putty

This is an excellent composition if you need to level the walls of a small area. This is due to the fact that the composition hardens and sets quite quickly. For this reason, it is also recommended for repairing and repairing small cracks or chips that need to be repaired as quickly as possible and work can continue.
On sale it is sold in dry or finished form. The second option is preferable for those who have little experience in working with such compounds, and therefore, the application speed is low. Dry putty should be diluted with a drill at medium speed and in small quantities. After mixing the mixture, it is immediately applied to the wall. At the same time, the edges are completely smoothed out, bringing them to “zero”.
The finished solution is sold in meshes or buckets. It is not necessary to keep the entire container open during work, but it is advisable to take small portions in an additional container.
Putty on the walls is applied in a thick layer. To do this, the mixture is taken with a spatula and, with the help of a spray, is attached to the wall. As a result, it should fill the entire wall very tightly, with almost no gaps. And immediately leveled with a wide spatula. Movements are made smooth without excessively strong pressure. It is necessary to achieve smoothness and evenness of the layer. Alignment of the first layer is done horizontally. As a rule, it is enough, but if a second layer is required, then it is applied only after the previous one has completely solidified. Align it vertically.

Having used the entire composition in the container, it must be cleaned of the remnants of the old mixture, otherwise it will turn into hard lumps and ruin the next portion.

Tip: putty has poor adhesion to painted surfaces. Therefore, if the base has an old paintwork, then it is completely cleaned off. If it doesn’t work, then make as many notches as possible with a knife.

Masters recommend using a simple way to achieve absolute smoothness of putty walls. To do this, it is moistened with a spray bottle or any other sprayer 15 minutes after completion of work. And immediately level with a metal spatula. In this case, the finishing layer of plaster is no longer needed and you can immediately apply paint or wallpaper.

Leveling the surface of the walls with cement putty

At its core, cement putty is similar to mortar. But only purified components are used for it, such as:

fine sand that has been cleaned of large particles;
high quality cement with polymer additives.

All this made it possible to create a solution of high quality and with the desired elasticity. The setting time is longer than that of the gypsum counterpart, so it can be processed at a time large area carefully leveling the surface.

Stages of work

Sold cement putty in dry form. To prepare it, you need to take the required amount of clean cold water and pour the mixture into it, stirring constantly. This can be done with a drill or by hand. If the composition is not made according to the instructions, then in the end it is necessary to achieve a homogeneous mass with a viscous consistency.

Tip: if you need to level a large area of \u200b\u200bthe walls, then you can save money and prepare the solution yourself. To do this, cement of a brand not lower than M400 is mixed ¼ part of the mass and fine-grained sand ¾ of the mass is added to it.

The walls are treated with a primer, and a thick layer of putty is applied to them by spraying with a spatula. And immediately leveled with horizontal smooth movements. For finishing, after 20 minutes after the end of work, it is moistened with water and smoothed with a spatula.

It is recommended to check the surface of each layer with a level or a long rule.
With a putty layer thickness of 2 to 4 cm, you will need to use a paint grid to strengthen. With a layer of 5 cm or more, you can not do without a special reinforcing mesh made of thin metal.
The best way to level the walls with plaster is to work on lighthouses. By correctly setting them, you can be sure of the quality of the subsequent alignment with the mixture.

Wall alignment video

Alignment of walls with lighthouses

Materials suitable for use as beacons:

metal profiles specially designed for this, which are sold in all hardware stores;
to install string beacons, a wire or a thin cable is suitable.

Stages of work

Lighthouses are placed first. Depending on the method chosen, they are attached to cement mortar or self-tapping screws. With this method of leveling the walls, it is imperative to take care of an even rule, the length of which is not less than 2 m. The distance between the vertical beacons must necessarily be less than the chosen length of the rule.
Dowels are attached to the top of the wall with the desired pitch, a beacon cable is tied to them. Having aligned its vertical with the help of a level, a second dowel is attached from below, and the cable is pulled tightly between them. This cable will become a guide, under which a high track of cement mortar is applied so that the string is fixed on it.

When the mortar is completely dry, the cable is removed, and the remaining cement mortar becomes the future beacon for leveling the wall.
Profiles are attached in a similar way. But with the difference that they can not be removed. If it is decided to remove them, then the resulting grooves are puttied at the end.

Wall leveling mixes

According to the composition of the mixture for leveling walls, they are divided into: cement, gypsum, polymer or complex. In addition, depending on what grain size is used in them: concrete, mortar or disperse.

Before today the most popular were compositions based on lime, sand or cement. This is due to their low price, good ductility and moisture resistance. But they increasingly began to prefer more modern polymer blends, which have better performance and are more versatile.

Composition of dry mixes:

binders, functional fillers. Their function is to ensure that the solution does not harden too quickly. They also reduce the hygroscopic properties of the mixture;
cellulose ethers. They must be present in the composition, as they are thickeners and prevent delamination of the solution. To work with negative temperatures, antifreeze components are included;
modifiers. They can dramatically affect the characteristics of putty. For example, increase or decrease the setting speed. If work with putty is planned at a high temperature, you need to take a composition with an extended hardening time;
water inhibitors. Thanks to them, plaster compositions for leveling walls have high plasticity without adding a large amount of water. In this connection, the strength of the finished coating is significantly improved;
polymers. This is the most important component. It is thanks to him that the adhesion of the plaster to any surface increases. In addition, polymer components improve resistance to mechanical damage.

Tip: when choosing a dry mix for leveling walls, you need to pay attention to the following characteristics:

on the size of the sand fraction in the composition;

for the brand of cement. It is marked with the letter "M" followed by numerical value. The higher it is, the better the quality of the cement used, but also the higher its price. To align the walls in the apartment, you should not overpay for the M400 or M500, which are designed for bearing walls. The composition marked M 150 is quite enough;

for the presence of polymer additives.

Cement-sand mixtures for leveling walls

In the factory, polymers are always present in its composition. When making it at home with your own hands, dishwashing liquid is added as a plasticizer. The cement-sand composition is universal and suitable for use in rooms with high humidity.
For rough leveling, a cheaper mixture with coarse sand in the composition is suitable. To create a smooth surface, you need to choose a finishing putty with fine sand.
The main advantages are low price and the ability to do it yourself, as well as the suitability for work by a person who does not have experience.

The disadvantages are poor adhesion to the concrete base, prolonged drying, and a rather high probability of cracking. The composition turns out to be viscous and heavy, which makes working with it physically laborious.

Cement-lime mixtures for leveling walls

By properties, they are similar to gypsum plasters. Instead of sand, lime is used in it, which gives the solution elasticity, keeping its qualities longer.
Lime prevents the appearance of mold and mildew on the walls and regulates the level of humidity in the room. Unlike the previous composition, it adheres well to concrete without prior preparation. And if necessary, drill a hole in the wall, it will not crumble.

The disadvantages are a higher price than sand mortar and low compressive strength.

Gypsum mixes for leveling walls

This is a great option for use on walls in residential areas with normal humidity. When applied, an environmentally friendly and vapor-permeable layer is formed.
In addition to plasticity and ease of use, it dries quickly, which reduces the time for repair work, and also has sound and heat insulation characteristics. Suitable for leveling walls where there are differences in height up to 6 cm.

But still, the high cost, hygroscopicity and quick setting make it less versatile.

Heat-saving mixtures for leveling walls

You can find these for sale today. This is a great option for apartments in panel houses, where the walls are rather thin and do not have additional insulation.

Heat-saving plaster is made on the basis of a cement-lime dry mixture with the addition of perlite or expanded polystyrene balls. They are suitable for rough leveling and require application over a finishing leveling layer.
To achieve the desired effect, a layer of such plaster should be 10 cm. But due to low adhesion, it is recommended to spray first. To do this, the mixture is diluted more liquidly (consistency of sour cream) and sprayed onto the walls with a layer of 2-3 mm.

Tips for buying a composition for leveling walls with plaster

It is better to pay more, but buy plaster from a well-known manufacturer who has proven the high quality of their products.
For leveling walls made of foam concrete, a gypsum composition is best suited. It quickly absorbs moisture from the applied composition, therefore, at the end of the work, water is sprayed on top so that the composition does not crack.

Though gypsum plasters and are more expensive, but their consumption is more economical. So, on average, to level 1m2 of a wall, 15 kg of cement composition and only 10 g of gypsum will be required.
You should not buy the entire volume of plaster at once (if you need a lot). First, try it out and if it is convenient to work with it, buy the rest.
Improper storage spoils the plaster. Gypsum starts to set too quickly, and cement slides off the wall when applied.

Usually, Finishing work of any kind (wallpapering, tiling, painting, etc.) are carried out on pre-aligned walls. And how to Align the walls in different ways, each of which has a fairly simple technology that allows you to cope with the work without the help of specialists.

When choosing a leveling method, it is necessary to take into account the material from which the walls of the house were built.

If you decide to level the walls yourself, it is very important to carefully study all the stages of work, in the process you must take into account all the nuances, and when preparing solutions and other material, you must follow the conditions specified in the instructions.

Given the initial state of the surfaces, to align the walls, you can use different materials and apply various ways. When choosing a leveling method, it is very important to consider the type of material from which the walls of your apartment are built.

How to level walls with plaster

In most cases, the plaster composition is used to level surfaces for the construction of which materials such as brick or block were used. In addition, plaster is also used to level reinforced concrete walls. In this case, it is necessary to use reinforced mesh or metal frame.

Before you level the walls, you should think about purchasing specially designed beacon profiles made of metal. Lighthouses have a standard length of 3 m, if necessary, they can be shortened using metal shears.

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Beacon installation technology

Before you level the walls, you need to install beacons. To do this, vertical lines are applied to the surface with a pencil or a plumb line. The place of the first two lines are opposite corners of the wall. The lines are designed for applying mortar moldings (5 pieces each).

Beacons should be drowned in moldings so that mortar can pass through the holes for fasteners. Further, using the building level, the beacons are aligned vertically.

Having installed 2 beacons above and below, you should pull the cords. So you get the required plane. It is worth noting that in this way it is not only easy, but also to correctly align the walls.

Intermediate beacons are installed at the end of this stage. In this case, an already familiar scheme is used, the stretched cords will serve as a guide, so the use of a level and plumb lines is not necessary. The distance between each beacon should be equal to the length of the tool with which you have to level the solution.

You can install beacons in another way, which involves the use of self-tapping screws and dowels. This method differs in its simplicity and accuracy, while it requires more time.

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The stage of applying the soil composition

Before proceeding with the leveling process, the surfaces must be primed. So you can ensure good adhesion, as well as facilitate the next stage of work (plastering). The primer can be purchased at any hardware store. When choosing a primer, pay attention to the fact that the composition is suitable for the material with which you have to work.

For applying the soil composition, you can use various painting tools, you can use a spray gun, brush or roller. When working with surfaces that are highly absorbent, do not be lazy to apply several layers of primer. It is worth adding that many craftsmen prefer to use plain water for processing brick walls.

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A little about plaster mixtures

In order to level surfaces, you can use different types plaster compositions. Their main difference is the binder used. Plasters with:

plaster base;
cement base;
lime base.

These mixtures are distinguished by their ease of use; they can be presented in dry form in hardware stores. Interior wall decoration is recommended to be done with plaster composition based on gypsum.

Before preparing a dry mix for use, it is very important to carefully study the instructions on the package.

As a rule, certain proportions of water are used to dilute the mixture. The composition must be mixed well, using for this construction mixer or a handy item.

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Do-it-yourself wall plastering technology

Plaster is applied to surfaces in three main steps. If we consider the option with alignment brick wall, then spraying is performed at the first stage. To apply the second layer of soil, it is necessary to apply a solution of a denser consistency. The layer in this case should be from 5 to 6 mm. The final stage is called the covering. The finishing layer, as a rule, is the thinnest, while it should bring the wall to the most equal indicators.

Before applying each layer of plaster mixture, it is very important to allow sufficient time to dry the previous layer. In addition, we must not forget about applying the primer to each individual layer of plaster. Each coat of primer must be dry.

Plastering walls is a rather lengthy process so that the result does not disappoint, it is very important to act strictly according to the instructions.