Metal fire hatch. Fire hatches provide fire-resistant protection for critical communications and equipment. Installation of a finished hatch structure with a built-in ladder

Fire-resistant hatches, as well as fire-resistant doors, are designed to protect the premises from fire. Unlike standard input blocks, they have more compact dimensions.

The following types are distinguished: ceiling, wall. The former are used in horizontal ceilings, the latter in vertical partitions. Hatches are also installed to limit access to elevator, cable and ventilation compartments and shafts.

Attic- prevents smoke and hot air from entering the attic. Such structures are installed in all attic-type structures with a height of more than nine meters. In buildings with a lower height, installation is not necessary, but is desirable.
Roof hatch- cut into the upper floors of buildings. The design opens up access to an inclined or flat roof. It is used to pass the water hoses of the fire extinguishing system in case of fire.

Design features of fire hatches

According to requirements fire safety, the fire hatch design must contain flames and smoke for a certain period of time. In addition, hatches, like other enclosing structures, prevent unauthorized persons from gaining access to the premises. According to standards, such structures are made of two steel profiles with an open cross-section. In this case, the thickness of the steel sheet is at least 2 mm.

The structure is covered with a thermally expanding strip around the perimeter of the box. As the temperature rises, the tape fills the gaps in the structure as much as possible, blocking the spread of smoke and harmful combustion products.

Most often, the canvas is painted with special powder paint or nitro enamel. These materials are resistant to high temperatures, undemanding in care, practical.

Fire hatches, like other fire-resistant barriers, are designed to protect the premises from fire and smoke in the event of a fire. Etalon Center LLC produces hatches from high quality metal and installs them at the customer’s site. From us you can buy fire hatches of several degrees of fire resistance at an affordable price.

Fire hatches

Fire hatches are installed in places where it is not possible or necessary to install a full-fledged door. These can be exits to the attic, to the roof, openings for access to ventilation shafts and elevators, as well as to cable compartments of buildings. Accordingly, depending on the installation location, fire hatches are divided into:

ceiling;
wall

According to fire safety rules and the requirements of Rosstroynadzor, the minimum time during which the structure must maintain its integrity is 30 minutes. Etalon Center LLC produces products that can withstand fire from 30 to 120 minutes, which corresponds to standard fire resistance levels:

EI/EIs 30;
EI/EIs 60;
EI/EIs 90;
EI/EIs 120.

The price of products will differ depending on the selected fire resistance limit.

Fire hatch design

According to the standard, fire hatches leading to the attic and internal shafts are made of two steel sheets with a thickness of at least 2 mm, between which a thermal insulation board is laid. Epoxy-polyester paint is used for painting. powder paint RAL. Enough large selection colors allows you to make the structure as invisible as possible against the background of the walls or ceiling.

Fire hatches in places where they exit onto the roof may have a slightly different appearance. The lid of the product can be made not only of metal, but also of heat-resistant glass.

It must be remembered that fire barriers of this type must protect the building not only from fire, but also from illegal entry by strangers. That is why our products are equipped with fire protection cylinder locks from Apecs. This manufacturer has proven itself in Russian market door fittings and locks varying degrees protection. The products are also distinguished by a very reasonable price.

For everything fire protection products Etalon Center LLC, including on fire hatches, a certificate, license and passport are issued. Our products comply with GOST, and we can guarantee their durability and safety in use.

Our company's products combine excellent quality and low price. We will deliver and install hatches on time in compliance with all construction regulations.

The attic is not the most visited room in the house, but easy access to it does not hurt

The attic of a residential building is often used as storage for old or seasonal items. In order to easily access the attic, you need to carefully consider the lifting options and choose the most suitable one for your home. The hatch to the attic will become great solution for unimpeded entry into the storage facility.

The most common are the following two methods of installing an attic hatch.

The first method of arrangement is pediment. It is necessary to make an opening on the gable for the attic door. An attached or stationary ladder is connected to the hatch from below. Dignity this method is that no holes are made in the ceiling.

Pediment entry to the attic

The second method is the simplest and cheapest - creating an opening directly in the ceiling.

Attic hatch built into the ceiling with folding ladder

Hatch design options and purpose

An attic hatch is a door panel that opens and closes and is built into the ceiling to provide access to attic storage. In addition to equipping the attic with a hatch, you need to consider the type staircase design. Attic stairs presented various types attached and folding variations. Folding ladders mounted in the hatch door are very ergonomic to use.

Hatch and ladder variations:

The most common solution for attic access is an opening hatch door with hinges. It is equipped with a latch, which opens after the built-in ladder is completely unfolded. You can also open the latch using a cord while standing on the floor. These models are easy to insulate.
Sliding attic hatch - the cover moves to the side, freeing up the passage. This design complicates the insulation procedure, but makes opening easier. This hatch model is equipped with an electric drive so that you do not have to move it manually.
The hatch cover is equipped with a locking mechanism. From the simplest - a latch, to the more complex - a thin cable with which you can open the latch while standing on the floor.

Wooden four-section beech staircase with hatch to the attic

The manhole cover is easy to install yourself. Plywood is suitable for it, OSB sheets, MDF. You can also install metal or wooden structure. All these materials are quite affordable.

Features and types of hatches

Depending on the location, the attic hatch is:

horizontal;
vertical;
corner.

Horizontal arrangement - the location of the attic opening in the ceiling. These are the most common and simple designs. They are distinguished by ease of use and ease of manufacture and installation.Vertical structures are a kind of attic crawl space.Corner structures are mounted mainly in attic rooms under a sloping roof.

The main materials for door production are: wood, metal, plastic.

Horizontal arrangement attic hatch

Hatch characteristics:

easy installation;
ergonomics;
universal design in harmony with the surroundings;
thermal insulation layer.

Manufacture and installation of a hatch

Hatch to the attic interfloor ceilings reinforced concrete must be installed at the junction. This technique will evenly distribute the load between the two slabs and eliminate the possibility of weakening and sagging of the structure.

Important!

When cutting out an opening, you must use a grinder equipped with a metal disc, a hammer drill, or a crowbar with a sledgehammer.

Attic opening in concrete ceiling

To arrange access to the attic of a house with insulation, you must comply with the following: step-by-step recommendations:

Carefully measure the dimensions of the opening, draw a drawing, taking into account the shape and detail of the structure.
Build a frame from boards 200mm thick. The predominant shape is rectangular.
The attic hatch is usually available in standard sizes: 600*1200mm. But they may well be individual. The size of the opening depends on the type of purpose and use of the attic.
Prepare an opening on the ceiling according to the drawings and verified dimensions. It is also necessary to take into account that the hole in the ceiling is cut 50mm larger than the size of the hatch. The lining of the opening must be additionally reinforced with a frame.

Advice!

If the ceiling is lined with wood, then in order to save money, the hatch cover can be made from the remnants of the material that was used for the ceiling. In other cases, the material will have to be purchased additionally.

Strengthen the hinges to the hatch and to the opening.
Install a diagonal spacer on the cover using self-tapping screws and an angle to give it additional rigidity and strength.
Standard is used as a heat insulator. thermal insulation material. Mineral wool, polystyrene foam or polystyrene foam will do.
To avoid moisture collection, it is necessary to equip the bottom with a vapor barrier.
Install the fittings: door closer, latch and handle.
Cover the frame with platband.
If necessary, install a ladder.

Insulating the attic hatch with foam plastic

Installation of a finished hatch structure with a built-in ladder

Ready-made attic exits are distinguished by their variety in type and materials of manufacture. A metal hatch to the attic is slightly more expensive than a wooden one.

Before purchasing a product, it is necessary to determine the location of the hatch and take careful measurements. Very often, ready-made hatches are already equipped with folding metal ladders.

Advantages finished products:

compactness;
multifunctional design;
universal design;
easy installation.

After purchase, you should make an opening in the ceiling, in accordance with the dimensions indicated in technical specifications products.

Metal hatch to the attic with built-in stairs

Installation sequence:

Raise the product to the attic floor.
Install 2 safety boards from below and support the structure on them.
Install the product using spacers and a hydraulic level.
Secure the front and rear frames with screws.
Polyurethane foam fill the voids.
Remove the auxiliary mounting boards.
Check the stability of the structure by disassembling and reassembling the ladder and loosening the bolts.
If necessary, straighten the structure and tighten the bolts.

Ready-made hatches are easy to install and fit almost any interior design.

Today you can buy an attic ladder with a hatch from the world's best manufacturers

The advantage of ready-made sliding stairs for attic openings is:

compactness;
versatility in use;
ease of installation;
design.

When using sliding attic stairs no extra effort required. This is why purchased products are common and more reliable than homemade designs. Two people are enough to install the attic exit. One performs work directly in the attic and lifts the structure upstairs.

Installation of an attic ladder with a hatch

Fire exit to the attic

The fire-resistant hatch is designed for timely evacuation of residents from the house during a fire. A fire exit is installed if the building is located in a fire hazardous area.

The fire hatch must comply with technological standards and markings.

Important!

Before purchasing, please read carefully technical documentation products. Study information about the tests carried out and the fire resistance of the material, which must be at least 6 minutes.

Metal is the most practical fire exit. It is equipped with heat insulators and seals, which prevents evaporation during fires.

Fireproof attic hatch with drop-down ladder

Schematically, a fire hatch consists of a frame of two profiles that simultaneously form a platband. The frame is made of steel. The internal cavities are filled with fire-resistant heat-insulating agents.

The vertical stand is equipped with a latch, which is fixed to the ceiling and fastens it to the hatch door.Thermal sealing tape is laid around the perimeter. During a fire, it expands and fills the gaps between the box and the canvas.

Hatch surface options:

Tin plates.
Processing chemical composition, which does not respond to elevated temperatures.
Glazed.
Single leaf.
Bivalve.

The standard fire resistance requirement for a door is 30 minutes. A single-leaf exit with these characteristics is available.The double-leaf exit is equipped with closers, making it easier to open and close the doors. Such hatches can withstand temperature attack for an hour.

Ceiling fire hatch in the attic

The horizontal fire exit from the house must meet additional requirements:

the door opens upward;
the hinges and frame are additionally strengthened;
minimum size of installation gaps;
equipping the hatch with a folding compact heat-resistant ladder.

Important!

The ladder must withstand a load of 250 kg.

The attic exit also serves as a protective structure equipped with latches. This is a durable, reliable device.If necessary, the latch can be easily unlocked from the inside.The exit door is also equipped with a fireproof lock, which has the ability to self-lock, so in the event of a fire the room is hermetically sealed.

In relation to the roof, the attic exit must be located taking into account the required space.Based on the regulations and requirements, the dimensions of the hatch must be at least 200*200mm and no more than 1500*1500mm. It is best to use average values. They are the most compact and allow you to move around.The frame should be positioned strictly at an angle of 90 degrees. Door thickness – 1mm. Door height – 1200mm, width – 1000mm. These are the most common average values.

Fire hatch for access to the roof

Fire hatches are sold in specialized stores, or are made to order from manufacturers.The choice of fire exits must be taken very responsibly, having first studied the rules and requirements for a certain type premises.To avoid unpredictable situations, you need to take your choice seriously and purchase a quality product.

Manufacturing an emergency, insulated hatch to the attic

High premises in the workshop of an industrial enterprise or production, warehouse area in a public building; division by implies the construction of barriers in the path of fire/smoke - walls, ceilings, partitions with fire-resistant doors, hatches in building openings.

Fire doors - this is the most common type of filling them, but not always acceptable due to cramped conditions; location, for example, in the interfloor ceiling of an industrial building for maintenance technological equipment or the top floor of a residential building for communication with the attic.

In such situations/cases the best option is the installation of a fire hatch that performs all the basic functions of a door, but is more compact and fits into the dimensions of the installation site.

Design

It consists of several parts/elements. The first is the canvas:

It is the main element of fire hatches/doors. Most often, manufacturers choose the material for their manufacture steel sheets 0.8–2 mm thick, depending on the purpose of the upcoming installation sites, fire resistance. For example, for floor hatches, where the load can be significant, or for products with high strength, resistance to flame, heat, the maximum sheet thickness is selected. We should also not forget that, in addition to the functions of limiting/containing the spread of fire, such hatches/doors often protect premises from unauthorized entry; which means they must be durable and resistant to break-ins.
In addition to metal, hatch panels can be partially used in the design wooden elements, which allows carried out. Looking ahead a little, it should be said that the product of any manufacturer must have a certificate of conformity obtained on the basis of fire tests, which gives customers/consumers a guarantee of compliance of the design, workmanship with the declared technical indicators of the fire hatch in general, and the materials used in it in particular.
Filling the hatch space between the outer surfaces, frame, internal elements frame, stiffening ribs are usually performed mineral wool in the form of slabs or rolls. For example, it is often used for this, which is quite suitable for this purpose.
The final finish of fire hatches is, as a rule, painted gray/white, as they are most often installed to serve technical floors/premises and various technological/engineering communications. Less commonly – finishing with decorative film or veneer for use in rooms where requirements are placed on the design of the finishing.
Hatch panel standard production does not have glazing, but it can be made to order.
Most hatches have one panel; double-layer fireproof products are quite rarely made.
The design of the fire hatch turns out to be quite weighty, which is not surprising, because the thickness of the canvas is 50–100 mm; and the mass is 1 square. m. depending on the materials, fire resistance ranges from 25 to 40 kg.

Box:

It can be corner, with a platband on the outside. This is a universal and common type of PL box, allowing it to be mounted in almost any construction/technological opening. It should be noted that when installed in the ceiling, this is most convenient.
Less common are internal or end, as well as covering on both sides, types of boxes.
The PL box is made of steel angle, sheet, often galvanized, as well as a steel profile of square/rectangular section. The higher the resistance limit of a product, the greater the thickness of the metal used.
A thermally active seal, often called a hot smoke tape, is fixed around the entire perimeter of the box; as well as a rubber profile that protects against the penetration of cold air/smoke. This compaction can be made in either one or two rows.

Hinges, handles, locks, closers:

Hinges - standard for metal doors. There are no fire resistance requirements for them, because they are located inside the submarine structure.
Locks and latching handles, installed depending on the need on one or both sides, have a different attitude - they must be made of fire-resistant steel; with a design that prevents jamming when the mechanism is overheated. To protect the lock during installation, fire-resistant linings are often used, which increases the reliability of unhindered opening/closing.
Since most hatches, much more often fire doors, are used in a closed state, closers are not included in the standard equipment from the manufacturer. If, according to technological regulations, everyday/situational needs, the submarine must be in an open state, then it must be equipped with an automatic closing device in the event of a fire.

A rather rare type of design of a certified submarine is a combination of the use of fire-resistant glass and steel/aluminum alloys for the canvas frame and fire hatch box.

Select a submarine of a suitable design, size, appearance or ordering it to meet current requirements during construction, reconstruction or operation of a building is not particularly difficult. Dozens of manufacturers in Russia produce fireproof hatches and doors.

Metal hatches for vertical openings

Such fire hatches are installed in fire walls/partitions separating shafts, elevator rooms, electrical panels, and ventilation chambers; engineering, technological galleries, tunnels and other communications as buildings/structures industrial enterprises, as well as public and residential facilities.

The selected dimensions of submarines depend on whether it is necessary for service personnel to penetrate through them into adjacent rooms/communication shafts/niches or not. Although, according to the norms/rules of industrial safety, they are not always taken into account, in practice, it is quite possible to use most of them in order to leave the premises in case of an emergency.

Hatches to the attic

However, if the height of residential or public buildings does not exceed 15 m, then it is permissible to arrange an exit to the attic or directly to the roof of the building from staircase through type 2 submarines. It must be at least 0.6 by 0.8 m, with a steel vertical ladder attached to the wall or floor/ceiling.

In real life, seeing fire hatches in the attic is... sure sign that this is happening on the 5th floor of a five-story residential building. True, often such a hatch has little in common with a submarine; it is made only of metal, if the house is new, or of wood with cladding sheet iron, if it is “Khrushchev”.

Metal floor hatches

Such fire protection structures are installed in industrial and public buildings for access to basements, technical floors, corridors, cable tunnels, transport galleries, and overpasses. Basically, the most durable and fire-resistant type 1 submarines are installed, providing protection not lower than EI 60.

Type 2 hatches

The fire resistance limit of such a submarine is EI 30 - it must withstand fire/thermal exposure for 30 minutes without loss of strength, integrity, without allowing flame, heat and smoke from the fire in the adjacent room or adjacent floor to enter the room.

Many manufacturers produce and use on site fire hatches of type 2 on the roof, which are somewhat different from other types of submarines:

Its presence in residential attics, public buildings regulated by SP 4.13130.2013.
It must be no less than 0.6 by 0.8 m so that it is convenient to use for roof maintenance and work with external telecommunications equipment.
A stationary staircase should lead to it.
The hatch must be completely sealed and equipped with drainage to prevent freezing from blocking opening.

You can find such hatches in multi-story buildings. residential buildings mass development is very rare, but in modern public buildings they are used quite often.

LPM hatches

Such products, LPM, differ from their “bigger brothers” - fireproof metal doors DPM - only in smaller sizes - from 500 x 700 to 900 x 1200 mm. As the name implies, the main elements of their design - frame, sheet covering, stiffeners and frame are made of metal alloys with non-flammable mineral filling.

Technical hatches

Such fairly common fire-technical products are characterized small in size and is intended for installation in enclosing structures of engineering/technological shafts, niches, chambers, boxes, and other communications to enable their inspection without service personnel entering inside.

Fire resistance type table

It is shown in table 24 Federal Law RF No. 123-FZ, many SPs concerning fire resistance limits of buildings, ensuring fire non-propagation, safe evacuation, and indicates that submarines can be of three types with minimum fire resistance limits:

1 – EI 60;
2 – EI 30;
3 – EI 15.

In practice, fire resistance of fire hatch There are many more types of type 1 if, for example, it is to be installed in a fire wall. Such designs are made only to order and can be up to EI 120.

Installation Features

Depending on the type of installation, there are wall, ceiling (attic) and floor hatches. The installation of fire hatches of various types/types is almost the same, but there are some features:

Installation of ceiling and floor fire hatches is only possible with the hinges facing outward, so that it opens upward, and the box of such a submarine is angular.
When installing the internal PL box, as well as products with an external frame of another type, if the integrity of the edges of the construction/technological opening is damaged, it is necessary to seal the junction along the entire perimeter.
PL and fire doors can be equipped with electromechanical locks with automated/manual control from a surveillance console or fire station.

Only employees of an enterprise/organization with a valid license from the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations for this type of work have the right to carry out work on the installation of submarines.

It is based on a metal frame, which is made of high-quality steel sheet 2 mm thick, which is bent into a complex profile.

From the inside, the profile cavity is filled with a special insulating material.

Using reliable hinges, the canvas, which is equipped with a lock, is hung on the frame. A special thermal sealing tape is attached around the perimeter of the box for sealing.

An important part is the cold smoke seal, which is placed in the groove of the profile.

The surface is treated with a primer or powder coated. The customer chooses optimal color coatings from the RAL catalog.

How to order fire hatches

The products are presented in several versions. Whatever product you choose, its quality is confirmed by certificates and documents with test data.

The company "Steel Group" has a license to install fire protection structures. By entrusting the installation to the company’s experienced specialists, the client can be confident that the installation will be carried out professionally.

All metal structures can be ordered on the company’s website. Delivery and installation of the hatch will be scheduled at a time convenient for the buyer.

Product Description

Among our products we offer fire-resistant hatches various options execution. It is advisable to install them in rooms with increased safety requirements, where the possibility of spontaneous combustion is highest. They are installed in ventilation chambers, elevator shafts, electrical switchboard rooms, and in exits that lead to the attic or, conversely, to the basement, to various niches, channels, other communication points where their presence is necessary, and to warehouses of combustible materials.
All models comply with modern standards and provisions of SNiP 21-01-97. Fire resistance EI 60.
The kit necessarily contains documents that contain test data and their results regarding maximum resistance to heat. In addition, each model is marked for inspection. All products have quality certificates. In addition, we are licensed to install. By contacting us, you receive high-quality equipment that guarantees your safety, and professional installation services.
LPM-1 are intended for filling openings in walls, partitions, on evacuation routes, as well as in industrial, public, residential buildings and structures where there is a need to protect the facility from the spread of fire.