Electric saws and chainsaws: glossary of terms. How to choose a chain saw. Recommendations from a professional Circular saws by type of electricity supply

An electric chain saw is an effective tool for cutting wood and requires less effort and time than a hand saw. Unlike a chainsaw, it does not produce toxic exhaust. Therefore, they are used both in professional woodworking and in summer cottages. When choosing a saw, the main quality that is required from it is the ability to provide high performance over a long service life. The Marka.guru portal presents a rating of the best electric chain saws the highest reliability for 2018.

To choose the right electric chain saw, it is recommended to evaluate models according to the following criteria:

Power. A more powerful and productive tool can cope with large diameter trunks and withstand high loads.
Engine location. Most models have a transverse design, which is convenient when working in a vertical plane. The saw is larger and inconvenient in confined spaces. In the longitudinal position, better balance is achieved and a smoother cut is obtained. In addition, better maneuverability is ensured.
Locking systems. Ensure safe operation of the device. Activate instant chain stop in case of a rebound, as well as protection against accidental activation.
Prevent overheating. When unacceptably high temperatures are reached, the power supply is disconnected.
Soft start function. When starting the engine, the speed increases gradually, which extends the life of the device.
Adjusting chain tension. Impacts performance and safety. Changing the tension can be done using a screw and a screwdriver, or using a nut and a slider. The second method is simpler and does not require additional tools.
Lubrication. A good saw should have a chain lubrication system, which is a special pump that ensures uniform lubrication of the bar during operation.

1

The leader in the ranking of the best electric saws is the Makita model. Has a 40 cm tire and a chain of 56 links. Despite the transverse arrangement of the engine, it is comfortable and maneuverable, and has a rubberized handle. The chain tension is very easily adjusted with a special lever. There is an accidental activation lock and anti-rebound protection. The body design is balanced, the weight is not too heavy for instruments of this class. The noise and vibration produced correspond to modern European standards.

Technical indicators:

1800 W;
chain pitch 9.3 mm;
200ml oil tank;
800 rpm;
cable 0.3 m;
4.7 kg.

Advantages:

power;
ergonomics;
ease of setup;
relatively light weight.

Flaws:

requires regular maintenance.

The average price is 7500 rubles.

Prices for:

2

In second place is a European-assembled electric saw from Bosch. Characterized by a reliable transverse engine, robust housing and modern locking system. According to the proprietary classification, it is suitable for medium-sized trees and moderately complex garden work.

The proprietary Bosch-SDS system allows you to adjust the tension and remove the chain with just one hand without the use of any additional tools.

Technical indicators:

1800 W;
tire 40 cm;
200ml oil tank;
chain speed 9 m/s;
weight 5.4 kg.

Advantages:

high-quality assembly;
reliable engine;
ergonomic handle;
safety of use.

Flaws:

sensitive to overheating, not intended for high loads.

The average price is 7800 rubles.

Prices for:

3 Champion 420

In third place in the ranking of the best electric saws is the Champion model with a longitudinal engine. Ideal for work in garden house, sawing building materials, cutting down small and medium-sized trees. Thanks to the longitudinal arrangement of the motor, the model is maneuverable, it is easy for it to trim branches and trim bushes. Operational safety is ensured by double insulation, switching lock and chain brake.

Thanks to the external location of the technical unit, you can easily change the motor carbon brushes without using special tools.

Technical indicators:

2000 W;
tire 40 cm;
101 dB;
57 links;
250ml oil tank;
4.7 kg.

Advantages:

light weight and maneuverability;
high power;
safety.

No deficiencies were identified.

The average price is 5400 rubles.

Champion 420 prices:

4

The fourth place in the ranking is occupied by the Husqvarna cordless electric saw. There are configurations with and without a battery, and there is also a proprietary charger. The model is characterized by a fairly low noise level, so it can be used near and even inside residential premises. The chain tension can be easily changed without the help of additional tools.

A distinctive feature of the model is its high battery performance. They work continuously for up to 45 minutes and charge in just half an hour. In addition, they are universal and fit any model of electric saw of the brand.

Technical indicators:

transverse brushless motor;
operating speed 15 m/s;
200ml oil tank;
battery 3000 mAh;
2.5 kg.

Advantages:

compactness;
light weight;
wireless operation;
good performance.

Flaws:

high cost.

The average price is 21,000 rubles.

Prices for:

5

In the middle of the ranking is powerful model Daewoo brand with a transverse engine. It has a self-start locking system, a chain stop function and a durable shock-resistant housing. It is characterized by a low noise level and fairly light weight. The tension level can be changed without additional tools thanks to the SDS system.

A special window allows you to monitor the lubricant level in the oil reservoir in real time.

Technical indicators:

2500 W;
tire 40 cm;
230ml oil tank;
57 links;
6 kg.

Advantages:

high power;
does not heat up well;
simple mechanism for changing tension;
low price;
low noise level.

Flaws:

uncomfortable handles without soft pads.

The average price is 5400 rubles.

Prices for:

6

The rating continues with the lightweight and compact DDE electric saw. Due to its low power, it is suitable for simple tasks such as trimming branches, trimming hedges, and preparing firewood. There is a standard set safe work, which includes an accidental start lock and a chain brake. The chain is automatically lubricated during operation.

Technical indicators:

1820 W;
tire 35 cm;
90ml oil tank;
14 m/s;
104 dB;
4.4 kg.

Advantages:

quiet operation;
low cost;
good power;
light weight.

Flaws:

noisy;
unreliable chain adjustment mechanism.

The average price is 4000 rubles.

Prices for:

7

The Oleo-Mac electric saw can be used to cut hardwood and medium-sized branches. The brand is characterized by high reliability and ease of use. Operational safety is guaranteed by a double inertia brake, and the metal clutch increases service life and wear resistance.

Thanks to the ratcheting chain mechanism, the chain slips when jammed and provides additional protection for the electric motor.

Technical indicators:

transverse engine arrangement;
tire 40 cm;
1800 kW;
200ml oil tank;
3.9 kg.

Advantages:

high power and speed;
durable and reliable motor;
durable body;
light weight.

Flaws:

inconvenient tension adjustment system.

The average price is 9500 rubles.

Prices for:

8

The MasterYard electric saw has high power and a longitudinal arrangement of the electric motor. The small body allows you to work in inconvenient narrow spaces. The tool works well with hard rocks and medium-sized branches. The metal stop, star and coupling guarantee a long service life and high wear resistance. MasterYard has automatic system oil supply and overheating protection.

A special feature of the model is an electrodynamic engine brake with additional coils. The chain stops almost instantly after removing the start button.

Technical indicators:

2000 W;
tire 40 cm;
150ml oil tank;
4.1 kg.

Advantages:

high performance;
reliability and wear resistance;
safety;
low noise level;
light weight.

No deficiencies were identified.

The average price is 9,000 rubles.

Prices for:

9

In ninth place in the ranking of the best electric chain saws is another model from Oleo-Mac. Both models are very similar, but the 17 E-16 has less power and also has overheating protection. The saw is also characterized by its relatively light weight and dimensions, making it a good choice for the garden.

Technical indicators:

1600 kW;
tire 40 cm;
200ml oil tank;
4 kg.

Advantages:

high reliability;
safety;
build quality;
good performance.

No deficiencies were identified.

The average price is 8500 rubles.

Prices for:

10 Monferme 20237M-1

The TOP 10 is completed by the Monferme cordless electric saw. This lightweight, convenient and safe electric saw from the French brand is designed specifically for women. It is distinguished by its stylish bright design and ergonomics. Comes with battery and charger. The oil tank has transparent walls, which allows you to constantly monitor the oil level. The handle and lock button are soft covered. The battery life is as much as 40 minutes.

The innovative DIGIPRO BRUSHLESS brushless motor produces 50% less vibration and 80% less noise than petrol models. In addition, it is 20% lighter and starts without problems at any time of the year.

Technical indicators:

battery 4000 mAh;
200ml oil tank;
tire 40 cm;
5.2 kg.

Advantages:

wireless operation;
bright design;
light weight;
reliability and safety;
capacious battery.

Flaws:

high cost.

The average price is 16,000 rubles.

Prices for Monferme 20237M-1:

Conclusion

When choosing a power saw, you must first of all be guided by the purpose of use. For simple gardening work, it is recommended to purchase more compact and lightweight models. For example, battery-powered ones, which do not depend on the ability to access electrical outlet. But they have a high price and are not suitable for large volumes of work. It is advisable to purchase a special extension cord for powerful, productive electric saws. For tree trimming, it is better to choose from models with a vertical motor, as they are characterized by good maneuverability. With a transverse arrangement, lower power losses and high performance are ensured.

Take saws away from humanity and progress will stop. This statement is not a joke. Without a tool capable of cutting wood and metal, concrete and stone, it is impossible to function industrial enterprises and other areas of commodity production.

IN household I also can’t do without saws. Every man has at least one hacksaw, and a good craftsman can find a whole arsenal of “toothed helpers.”

We will look at the most common types of saws to get an idea of their operating capabilities and application features.

It all started with a simple hacksaw

This saw is the ancestor of the family of hand tools designed for wood processing. As soon as the first ingot of iron was smelted, a person had the idea to forge a tool from it for cultivating the earth.

It can be assumed that the ax became second after the hoe. The third was probably a saw with a handle, known to us today as a hacksaw. Over the centuries since its invention, it has acquired numerous “brothers and sisters” performing dozens of different jobs.

The accepted classification divides this type of hand saws into two groups:

Wood saws;
Hacksaws for metal.

Depending on the cutting direction hand saws woodworking are divided into three categories:

For rip sawing cutting;
For cross cutting;
Universal (longitudinal-transverse).

The difference between them is in the shape of the cutting teeth: on a rip saw they are inclined forward, while on a cross saw they are straight.

The universal hacksaw tooth is also inclined forward, but has a special sharpening. It allows you to cut along and across the fibers.

According to their purpose, hand saws are divided into several types:

Classic hacksaws (transverse or longitudinal cutting);
Circular saws (for cutting holes);
Tenon saws (for cutting connecting tenons).

When choosing hand hacksaw An important role is played not only by the shape, but also by the size of the teeth.

There are three types of incisors:

Fine tooth – 2.0-2.5 mm (for high-precision sawing and cutting small products);
Average tooth – 3.0-3.5 mm (for medium-sized parts);
Large tooth – 4.0-6.0 mm (for rough cutting of timber and logs).

The international classification divides hacksaws not by the height of the teeth, but by their number per 1 inch of cutting blade. This standard has taken root here too, so don’t be surprised if you see the letters PPI or TPI on the instrument label. The number behind them is the number of teeth per inch of length. The larger it is, the finer the tooth (for example, PPI 8 or TPI 14).

Today you can see a modernized type of hacksaws on the market. They are easily distinguished by the gaps cut into the canvas. As a result, the teeth are arranged in groups of 6-7 pieces.

This tool is designed for cutting raw wood. The spaces between the teeth are needed so that wet wood chips do not clog the cut and can be easily removed during work.

In addition to the usual hand saws, users today are offered an electrified version of the tool. A powerful electric hacksaw can easily cope with a large volume of work on cutting lumber without tiring the owner too much.

Its versatility of use is achieved by being equipped with saws with different lengths and blade width and tooth size. This allows you to successfully work not only on wood, but also on plastic and metal. Another name for this tool is a reciprocating saw.

The main parameter characterizing the capabilities of electric hacksaws is power. It ranges from 400 to 1600 W. The cutting depth directly depends on it, which ranges from 90 mm for household models to 200 mm for professional models.

Hand tools for metal working are not so diverse. There is only one type of hand saw that can cut this material. Its working body is a wide or narrow blade with small hardened teeth. It is inserted into the bow holder and tightened with a screw.

Circular saws

The idea of replacing the back-and-forth motion of the cutting blade with a circular one can rightfully be called revolutionary. It arose after the advent of the electric motor and significantly increased the speed and productivity of work.

A typical tool that uses this principle is a circular saw. Its main advantages - mobility and high power - have overshadowed the modest capabilities of a hand hacksaw.

By design, circular electric saws are divided into geared and gearless. In the first case, the electric motor rotates a gear reducer, on the shaft of which there is a saw blade. The second option is to mount the disk directly on the rotor shaft of the electric motor. Both designs have a mechanism for adjusting the cutting depth and tilt angle.

The advantage of gear mechanisms is the ability to make deeper cuts. Gearless saws have two advantages: lighter weight and affordable price.

In the passive one, they are tilted against the stroke (negative sharpening angle).

Passive discs are indispensable when sawing metal. Active ones are used for wood processing. The disc teeth can be marked carbide tips. They make it possible to cut harder materials, but have a negative effect on the cleanliness of the cut.

The operating capabilities of the tool depend on the power of the electric motor (from 0.65 to 2.5 kW). Manufacturers also indicate the maximum depth of cut that can be made using a circular saw (from 25 to 85 mm).

A variation of this power tool is a circular saw, which is mounted on a stationary frame. This solution allows you to cut long and wide materials with high precision.

Some manufacturers offer an interesting compromise - hand-held circular saws that can be turned over and mounted on a table, turning them into a stationary “circular saw”.

When answering the question of what types of saws there are, one cannot fail to mention cross-cutting devices. In this case circular saw mounted on a pendulum lever. A rotating plate with transporter (angular) markings is used as a bed.

The advantages of a miter saw over a circular saw are obvious: you can make perfectly precise cross cuts at any angle. This operation is especially important when joining various wooden parts (platband, plinth, lining, timber).

Chainsaws

Often when working with wood, it is not the cleanliness and accuracy of the cut that is important, but its depth. This is exactly the problem that a chain saw solves - a powerful device with an electric or gasoline motor, designed for felling forests and cutting firewood.

It has two main interrelated technical parameters:

Engine power;
Tire length.

A bar is two flat plates connected to each other with a small gap for installing a saw chain. At one end it has a driven sprocket, and at the other there are cutouts for the tensioning mechanism.

The power of electric chain saws ranges from 1.5 to 4 kW. When choosing a device for household work on the site, it is better to choose a power of 1.5 to 2 kW with a saw bar length of 30 to 40 cm. This is quite enough not only for sanitary pruning garden, but also for preparing firewood.

If necessary, you can use this tool to dismantle a board, log or beam, although you will not get high quality and precision cutting.

There are two subtypes of electric chain saws:

With lateral (transverse) engine placement;
With longitudinal installation of the motor.

The first type is simpler in design and cheaper in price. But the second one is more convenient to use, although it is more expensive due to the introduction of a gearbox into the design.

The main thing that a chainsaw gives its owner is autonomy. With such a tool you can go into the forest and cut wood there. For such a significant advantage you will have to pay a price: chainsaws are more complex in design than electric ones. This difference is especially noticeable when purchasing a cheap “no-hire” device. Problems with starting, carburetor, rings and spark plugs are frequent companions of such a purchase. Therefore, it is better to buy a more expensive one chain saw than to lose money when using the economy option.

Jigsaw

Circular saws and chain saws cannot replace a device that uses a narrow cutting blade that moves up and down at high frequency.

Thanks to this arrangement of the working body, the jigsaw allows you to quickly and accurately cut curved flat parts. Plywood, ceramics and plastic, OSB and soft metal - all can be cut good jigsaw with a quality file.

Jigsaw

For each material, manufacturers make special saws that differ both in the inclination of the teeth and in their frequency.

For example, a saw with a large tooth cuts wood better. WITH sheet metal a blade with a fine serrated notch can handle it confidently. We will not give any special recommendations on choosing saws for a jigsaw, since the manufacturer indicates the recommended type of material on each of them.

The main technical parameters of a jigsaw are engine power, saw blade speed and maximum cutting depth (indicated for different materials).

For household models, these parameters are within the following limits:

Power from 400 to 900 W;
Speed (with the possibility of smooth adjustment from 0 to 3000 rpm);
Cutting depth (wood - 45-80 mm, steel from 4 to 20 mm).

A useful jigsaw option is laser pointer. It helps to clearly see the direction of the cut when the marking line is hidden under a layer of sawdust. When choosing an electric jigsaw, pay special attention to the attachment in which the file is attached. It should provide the most reliable clamping possible. Otherwise, the file will regularly jump out of its weak “embrace.”

The logical development of the jigsaw design was the compact band saw. Its working body is a closed steel belt with teeth, which is rotated by an electric motor.

Sawing with it is easier than working with a jigsaw, which vibrates strongly and tends to break out of your hands. The cleanliness and precision of the cut of a band saw is ideal. This not only reduces waste, but also produces a cut surface that does not require sanding.

Here the workpiece can be held with both hands, which increases the accuracy of operations when cutting curved elements.

The main indicator of band saws for wood is the cutting depth, which can range from 8 to 50 cm. A jigsaw and a circular saw are not capable of cutting such thick material.

The remaining characteristics relate to cutting blades.

There are two categories here:

Carbon saws (manufactured steel C75 and analogues);
Alloy saws made of D6A steel (have increased wear resistance and resistance to alternating loads).

Depending on the manufacturing technology and hardening of cutting teeth, blades are divided into two types:

Saw blades with a notched, unhardened tooth;
Blades with cut hardened teeth.

The advantages of saws of the first type are low cost and the ability to cut wood with foreign inclusions: nails, stones, splinters. This blade is used for small sawing volumes (2-4 m3 per day) and at a minimum feed speed (6-10 meters per minute).

The main advantage of a saw blade with a hardened tooth is its high wear resistance (2 times higher than that of saws with non-hardened cutters). Disadvantages - high cost and sensitivity to foreign inclusions.

The remaining parameters of band saws are summarized in a simple list:

Web width;
Number of teeth per inch of length (TPI).

For standard wood sawing jobs, a 1/2″ wide strip is ideal. Narrower blades (3/8") are used for shape cutting.

The number of teeth of the cutting band directly affects the evenness of the cut (the more teeth there are, the smoother the cut). Coarse saw blades (2.3 TPI) are used for cutting wood and logs up to 200 mm thick. For cleaner work, saws with 6 TPI are used, and for precise cutting, a size of 10-14 TPI is used. Optimal size, which achieves high productivity and good quality cutting – 8 TPI.

A table saw for metal is similar in design to a device for cutting wood. However, its capabilities are more modest. This tool can only perform cross cutting of rolled steel (pipes, angles, fittings, channels) at different angles.

Sooner or later, every owner of a summer house or private farmstead decides to buy a chain saw. Whether to choose a gasoline or an electric chainsaw depends on many factors. We will talk about electric saws, layout, use, maintenance. The choice of tool is yours.

Scope of use of a chain saw

Where before they used a hacksaw, like a reciprocating saw cuts wood with butter. The sawdust is small and you can work in close quarters. A bow saw and an ordinary two-handled saw will be replaced by a chain saw, electric or gasoline. If the work involves felling timber and cutting ridges in the forest, there is no alternative, only a powerful gasoline-powered professional tool to help you.

Gasoline saws are more expensive, they are not connected to a network, they are noisy and at the same time they also pollute the air with exhaust.

How to choose electric chain saws for household work:

sawing logs into logs;
cutting boards, slabs, timber, wood waste;
formation of tree crowns.

If mains electricity is available, street work will not cause disturbance to neighbors. Cutting with an electric saw can be carried out in a closed space, there are no exhaust gases. One taboo is that working in damp conditions or in the rain is strictly prohibited. Which electric chain saw to choose in terms of power and layout depends on its purpose. If you have to work occasionally and for a short time, you need to buy a saw for household needs. If woodworking is a profession, you will need a different tool.

Manufacturers of construction tools

The companies Bosh, Stihl, and Champion have long been leaders in the production of chain saws. Their products are more ergonomic and easier to use. Which electric chainsaw should an amateur choose? We recommend the Champion brand, decent and inexpensive.

But the introduction of innovations, interlocks, and electronics is developed as know-how on these sites. The choice of chain saw is not limited to the listed companies. Following the famous brands, the companies Interskol, Zenit, Forte, Efco mastered the production of saws and achieved good results, this is not a complete list of manufacturers. You should know by what indicators to choose a tool.

Technical parameters of electric saws

Motor power is the determining factor when choosing an electric chain saw. When working outside the city and in the country, there is no guarantee that the network has a stable 220 V. The tool cannot work on full power, overheats and may fail prematurely. Therefore, you need to use a stabilizer or buy a more powerful device. The more powerful the saw, the more expensive and heavier it is.

The layout of the housing depending on the location of the engine. Take a closer look at the outline of the saw. If the product is narrow and long, the engine is located along the axis, the balancing is excellent, you can work tirelessly long time. Universal device due to the longitudinal arrangement of the engine. An installed adapter conical coupling increases the cost of the device by several thousand

With a transverse arrangement, the saw becomes shorter with the same bar length. This is an amateur version of the instrument. It cuts wood and everything from top to bottom perfectly. Such a compact device is convenient for professionals to work with, assembling truss structure. Which chain saw to choose based on the layout needs to be decided, keeping in mind that a rip saw will last 2 times longer.

Do not use electric tools outdoors in wet weather. Always hold the saw with both hands. Do not be distracted by conversation while sawing, be attentive.

The longer the bar, the thicker the log the saw will cut. It will cost more. For household use, the best option is 30-40 cm.

For comfortable safe work you need the following equipment:

chain brake;
engine overheat protection;
soft start;
engine brake.

You cannot buy a saw if it is not equipped with a lock to prevent accidental activation. This is counterfeit!

If you plan to build a house made of round timber, then you should also have an electric saw in your arsenal. Each tool is designed for its own sector of work. How to choose a corded chain saw:

Having chosen a model, ask if there is a service center in your area that can service the product with consumables and spare parts. Read reviews not about the company, but about the performance of your brand’s tool. Make sure that the instructions are not a photocopy, but a normal printed copy.
The saw should lie comfortably in your hands and not cause discomfort;
The more powerful the electric saw, the greater the hope that a voltage drop will not interfere with work.
The average farm saw is the most reliable option, intermediate between a professional and an amateur. Electric saws are cheaper, easier to operate and allow you to work in a closed circuit.

Please note that the engine may overheat due to increased load. The reason is that the oil does not penetrate to lubricate the chain. It is necessary to check the supply of oil to the chain and its level before work and during the process. Checking the feed is easy - position the cutter along a strip of newsprint or cardboard and start the saw. If microsplashes from the chain have left an oil ray on the newspaper, it means oil is flowing. Use recommended or mineral oil.

Before work, check all fastening bolts and the oil level in the tank. If the saw is removed from cold storage, it should lie in room temperature at least 2 days for the condensation from the windings to evaporate.

It is believed that a sharp chain determines the operation of the saw. At first the saw enters the wood without effort, then you begin to lean on it. You just need to sharpen it with a special device, a needle file or file. If you don’t know how to sharpen, install a new one, and hand this one over to the knife sharpener at the nearest kiosk.

Remember, a dull chain is not only a strain on your hands, but also on the engine! During long breaks in work, store the chain in oil.

Choosing an electric chain saw - video

Today we will take a closer look at the main types of circular saws. Let's decide on reasonable criteria for choosing a specific model. We will draw conclusions for recommendations based on the experience of practicing builders and workers service centers. Join us.

The electric circular saw (popularly “circular saw”, “parquet”) appeared in the twenties of the last century. As usual, several “organizations” contributed. First, a radial-cantilever type of wood cutting machine was developed (by Raymond DeWalt), and a little later manual models began to be produced under the Skilsaw brand (Sullivan and Mitchell). There were also separate patents for side-drive and integrated saws in the name of A. Emmons and A. Steele, respectively. Well, the AEG company helped “land” the invention and promote it to the masses, whose engineers were the first to connect the instrument to shared network 220 volts. Nowadays, the circular saw has reached perfection; the set of options and auxiliary systems for it has not changed for a very long time, not to mention the design features. It’s just that everyone is slowly moving towards the premium class.

A circular saw is considered one of the most technically complex tools, and this does not even take into account that it may have a full set of available electronic bells and whistles. The fact is that here it is necessary to constructively provide unprecedented safety measures (like all disk machines, “parquets” can be very traumatic), as well as to implement high precision of many spatial mechanical settings. Repairing a circular saw yourself is considered a risky endeavor due to the difficulty of restoring the correct factory settings.

The main purpose of a circular saw is to perform longitudinal cutting of wood and its derivatives (OSB, chipboard, fiberboard, MDF, plywood), because this tool holds the line perfectly; a jigsaw cannot be compared here. Naturally, cross cutting for a circular saw will not be a problem either. But it would be strange if a modern cutting unit was not sharpened to work on other materials. Indeed, using various types disks, and in some cases by changing the shaft rotation speed, it is possible to cut laminated workpieces, gypsum fiber board, plastic various densities, multilayer materials (sandwiches), slate, plexiglass. In short, almost all sheet panels can be cut perfectly, including at an angle to the main plane. The only thing that the circular machine cannot handle are dense mineral materials (concrete, brick, plaster). True, some units can be equipped with a diamond disc and have a water supply; structurally, these are full-fledged circular saws (Makita 4101RH). There is still one ironclad “but” - a circular saw cannot cut along a curved line.

What is a metal circular

Separately, it is worth highlighting circular saws for working on metal. Although they are positioned on the market in this way, they are essentially multifunctional. The point is more in the characteristics of the standard wheel, which comes as standard (this is not an abrasive, it is a carbide toothed multi-purpose disk). Such units can easily deal with pipes, tin, complex profiles, sheet steel and stainless steel (Makita 4131). The conversation is very simple with both steel and soft non-ferrous alloys (based on copper, aluminum).

What about angle grinders? Compared to grinders equipped with a cutting wheel, we have the following:

Productivity is significantly higher.
The operator is unloaded as the machine rests on its sole.
Reduced noise and vibration levels.
It is possible to work at a bevel.
There are no sparks, the workpiece hardly heats up and does not “burn.”
Increased safety (the equipment is almost completely hidden and is not subject to rupture).
The service life of a carbide disc is approximately 100 times higher than that of an abrasive.
The cutting price is the lowest (only the guillotine is cheaper and faster).
There is no release of mineral dust into the air, like from stone equipment.
The cut is very high quality, without burrs.

Our craftsmen have only just tried this device, but in Europe and the USA such machines are in full use, quite naturally, with such and such advantages. For example, the EVOLUTION 230 XTREME model cuts sheet steel (class A-3) with a thickness of 12 mm, profiles/pipes with a wall of 4 mm, and, of course, everything else (wood, polymers).

Plunge circular saw

Another class of circular saws is the plunge-cut saw. It is designed for cutting into the workpiece anywhere, not just from the edge. There is no lower automatic casing completely, and the disk is located above the base plate and is lowered only when the “start” button is pressed. Naturally, the cutting depth is adjustable, often within a range of just millimeters (DWS520K).

The submersible mechanism (something similar is implemented in wall chasers) allows you to carry out local roof repairs, dismantle several selective floorboards, and cut an opening in the countertop. You can make grooves, slots, and gutters without much difficulty. To work correctly with sandwiches and laminated materials, the top layer can be cut through a preliminary pass to an incomplete depth of the workpiece, thereby eliminating the risk of chipping. All this is done not only perpendicular to the plane of the part, but also at a variable angle.

Cordless circular saw

Just recently, such units seemed like pure fantasy to us. But time passes, wireless technologies are reaching a new level. Batteries have become so capacious, special motors have become so economical, and chargers have become so fast that even for such a powerful tool as a circular saw, the developers managed to organize uninterrupted power supply. We take two modern batteries and charge for half an hour - that’s it, there will be no problems with energy (Makita BSS 610 RFE). It's even easier if your circular saw has a generic battery from the same manufacturer as the rest of your tools. The power characteristics (output power, torque) of wireless circular saws are in no way inferior to those of similar networked machines - Bosch GKS 18 V-Li (cutting depth 51 mm). Well, as for mobility and ergonomics, here they are beyond any competition, they are especially loved by roofing operatives who work at heights.

Main selection criteria

Power, speed, blade diameter, cutting depth

The diameter of the cutting disc (outer, not the size of the mounting hole) - it can be said without exaggeration that this is the main parameter of the circular saw. Based on it, manufacturers are forced to assemble a specific model. The larger the disk, the more powerful the motor must be in order to spin it up to required speed, the more torque is required to maintain this speed and avoid jamming, the more technologically advanced the stabilization system must be so that there is no beating, vibration and noise, the heavier, larger, and more expensive the saw will be. But on the other hand, large equipment allows you to saw more massive workpieces and thicker material.

However, it is not enough to simply pay attention to the size of the circle; it is much more important to have an accurate idea of the maximum cutting depth. Developers almost always indicate these parameters in the passports, both for perpendicular and beveled cuts. There is some conditional division:

Light class (40-50 mm) - sheet materials, work “on site”.
Middle class (50-65 mm) - the most common and universal.
The heavy class (65-140 mm) is a massive, purely professional machine.

The convention is that many companies issue their own special classification (Makita, for example, does not produce very young children and is moving a little forward in this matter). It turns out that we, ordinary users, can only listen to our needs and choose a priority in the ratio of “maneuverability/versatility/strength”, based on the specifics of the intended work. For example, Hitachi C13U (weight 13 kg, 335 mm disk, 2000 watts) and Hitachi C6MFA (weight 3.4 kg, 165 mm disk, 1010 watts). The ratio of straight cut depth for these models is 128 mm to 57 mm, respectively.

Left: Hitachi C13U, Right: Hitachi C6MFA

I would also like to note that in case of emergency, you can cut a very voluminous part by making a cut on both sides (yes, for correct operation, the disk does not have to pass through the workpiece).

What else does power reserve provide? If there is a need to compare two circular saws with the same depth, then a stronger motor of one of them will provide better frequency stability, longer continuous operation time, and will allow faster cutting of denser material. Watts under the hood are traditionally correlated with the diameter of the equipment and, again conditionally, units are classified into one of three corresponding classes:

Up to 800 W.
From 800 to 1200 W.
More than 1200 W (for example, Hitachi C9U2 - 2 kW, Makita 5143R - 2.2 kW).

Disk rotation speed - what does it give, besides the speed itself? There are two main nuances. First, the faster the shaft moves, the cleaner the cut is (although the cleanliness depends more on the type of disk - the number and shape of the teeth). Second, high speed is the opposite of torque. Third, high speed means high temperature, and some plastics may begin to melt during sawing. If frequency has become a stumbling block (read “choice”), then you need to compare saws with the same cutting blade diameter. Even better, find a model with frequency control idle speed.

Electronics on guard

Advanced circular machines are stuffed to the gills with electronic systems. This is quite predictable, since this tool is powerful and dangerous - the user needs help so that the mission is not impossible. If you have the financial opportunity, you shouldn’t give up additional options; there are no unnecessary little things for performance and safety.

For the benefit of the correct speed mode, a system works to maintain a constant spindle speed under load, the so-called constant electronics (DeWalt DWS520K). A special controller constantly reads the speed and when there is a local drop in speed (for example, when the feed is accelerated or when the equipment hits a compacted area of the material), it is stabilized by automatically increasing the outgoing power. The likelihood of the disc jamming is reduced to almost zero, and the quality of the cut only improves. Obviously, this requires a certain power reserve (this is the prerogative of relatively large machines). Another point is the idle speed adjustment, preset. It is needed for manual selection of process parameters for materials with different physical characteristics(Metabo KSE 68 Plus). Not all models can boast of this option. And, by the way, the ability to preset is not a prerequisite for the presence of constant electronics; the only available frequency can be stabilized.

In order not to overload the network when turning on the tool, since the starting currents, although in a short period of time, significantly exceed their nominal value - almost all more or less powerful circular saws have a soft start system. The equipment does not accelerate immediately, which eliminates tool jerk and protects gearbox parts from unnecessary shock loads; the unit lives much longer (Fiolent PD 3-70E).

If the operator is in a hurry to finish what he started and does not listen to the “well-being” of the circular saw, then the overload protection system will receive a signal from overheated motor windings or react to a sharp drop in energy consumption and turn off the power, preserving the functionality of the expensive tool.

The electrodynamic brake brings the disc to an abrupt stop once the start button is released (AEG BKS 18). The system is designed to protect the operator from possible injury, the part from damage, and the machine from kickback.

Mechanical Features

If the equipment jams tightly, the motor can fail very quickly, and there is a possibility of a kickback. To protect against such trouble, a slip clutch is used. The motor shaft will continue to rotate even when the disk is stationary. Don't worry, the system doesn't work unnecessarily.

Protection against accidental activation is realized by installing an additional button in the area of the main handle. To supply power to the motor, you must press it simultaneously with the start button (Skil 5064AA). It is perhaps completely impossible to make such a chord unintentionally, especially since the “fuse” is usually recessed in plastic. Often (for other tools) this button allows you to lock the trigger on, but this will not work here - the toothed disk must always be under control.

To make it easier to replace the disk, the spindle can be locked with a button or lever, in some models literally in any position (no need to scroll to find the setting point - Bosch GKS 65 CE Professional). If there is no lock, you have to use two keys at once. The nut itself can be tightened with a wrench/screwdriver, or it can be made in a “tool-free” version - quick-clamping.

A lot of the functionality of a circular saw depends on its base plate. Note that it is on it that all mechanical adjustments and fastenings for auxiliary elements are installed. Traditionally, platforms made by casting light alloys are considered to be of higher quality. They clearly indicate the professional class of the tool, since they retain their geometry well (Interskol DP-235/2000M). However, do not discount platforms made of stamped steel of large thickness. They are more resistant to shock loads (they do not crack from an accidental impact), have a smaller impact on the price of the product, and are also used in tools for professionals (Bosch GKS 65 CE Professional).

"Interskol" DP-235/2000M

An important point is the adjustment of the bevel cut. Sawing at an angle is realized precisely by changing the position of the platform relative to the entire upper part and the disk in particular. Usually the tilt is set at different angles: 30°, 45°, and in some machines it is expanded to 50-55°. The mechanism for setting the cutting depth is also located here. As a rule, this is all made in the form of grooves shaped like a quarter circle (in some cases graduated) and rods with wing/lever clamps. The main advantage of high-quality control elements is the speed, reliability and accuracy of fixation (Kress 1400 HKS). Backlashes are extremely unwelcome guests here.

Another advantage of a well-thought-out platform is the ability to install the saw in a stationary position. This refers to the option of creating a machine without using a special table. This point will be relevant for all cars, but even more so for particularly powerful and heavy ones.

To perform high-quality straight cuts, circular saws are already equipped with a parallel stop as standard; by the way, it can also be made of light alloy. However, the greatest accuracy of sawing work can be achieved by using a guide bar. The tire is purchased separately (they are often suitable from other manufacturers), but there must be a special groove on the sole. If you need to work “by hand” along the markings, you need to control the line; for this, a special slot opening is made in front of the base plate. Interesting option implemented in the EVOLUTION 180 XTREME saw, where a laser line builder is built into the handle; during operation, you only need to combine it with the marking.

A mandatory accessory for a circular saw is a spring-loaded casing that completely hides the disc and releases it only when cutting begins (an emphasis on the workpiece is required). The casing should move easily and always return to its original position. To prevent the disk from being squeezed from the sides by the already cut material and not being locked, a “riving knife” is used in the design.

Ergonomics and something else

A circular saw is a hand tool, so when choosing, you need to pay special attention to the overall ergonomics of the product. Interestingly, some manufacturers even produce left-handed instruments with a mirror design.

The most important role in the comfort of any circular saw is played by the shape and location of the handles. Obviously, each user will have different requirements. The most questions are raised by the front handle, which is most often straight, located perpendicular to the plane of movement of the saw blade. This design is good if you work forward, but most often the tool is carried from the side - so most craftsmen prefer the mushroom-shaped version, which is easily held in any position (DeWalt D23620). For some, a bracket-type design (DeWalt D23650K) may be more suitable.

Give preference to models with rubberized handles; they help to securely hold and control the tool while working.

It won’t hurt to hold a few circulars in your hands before purchasing; most likely, a lot will become clear to you regarding the weight distribution of specific cars and their balance. Be sure to do this if you plan to do a lot of local work.

Evaluate the visibility of the working area; the specific design features of the circular saw have a very serious influence on this circumstance. It is important how effectively sawdust is removed from the disk. Here, surface airflow is used (directed from the operator), a pipe is integrated for connecting an industrial vacuum cleaner and connecting a bag. There are options with a dust container.

Take a look at how the power cord entry point into the instrument is made. Unfortunately, users very often cut the power cable, so it is better if it is directed strictly back, and the input sleeve is as long and rigid as possible. Maximum freedom and safety will be provided by a long power cord - 4 meters is no longer uncommon for professional models. Otherwise, you will have to regularly struggle with the extension cord.

Sooner or later, the circular saw will require replacing the carbon brushes, otherwise the motor armature is at risk. Therefore, it makes sense to “monitor” this node as well. It’s good if there is a separate window for quick access to the brushes, then you don’t have to disassemble the case, or send it to service for this if the device is under warranty. An excellent option is self-switching brushes: if the graphite wears out, the chain breaks (Sparky TK 70). The next nuance is to indicate the status of the brushes; this is a very useful gadget for a traditional brush assembly.

Most likely, you will not be allowed to test the saw under load, but if the seller allows it, plug the saw into the mains and run it at idle speed, listen to the level of noise and vibration. Assess how much strong current air generated by the tool - this largely determines the efficiency of motor cooling and the quality of cleaning the working area from debris.

If you plan to work with a circular saw only from time to time, then pay attention to hobby-class models from well-known manufacturers (Bosch PKS 55 A, Black&Decker CD601). They are designed for relatively short work (15 minutes work - 15 minutes rest) for no more than 4 hours a day. This will be quite enough for home use, and you will be able to save a lot. Ironically, household models often outlive their professional counterparts, and developers provide them with a double warranty (2-3 years).

In general, carefully predict the load that the circular saw will receive while at your disposal, and based on this, select the characteristics of the model you are looking for. We hope we have provided you with enough food for thought.

The modern market offers a huge range of circular saws with a wide variety of characteristics. Manufacturers are constantly working to improve the quality of their models, gradually bringing it closer to ideal. So choosing a saw will not be difficult for you.

Combining high maneuverability and high productivity, a hand-held circular saw is an indispensable tool for smooth cutting of various materials.

In most cases, a circular saw is used for longitudinal cutting of wood and materials made from it. That is, using a circular saw you can cut chipboard and oriented strand board, plywood, MDF, fiberboard, etc. In addition, the circular saw perfectly performs cross-cutting tasks. And special additional discs and settings will turn the circular saw into an excellent tool for working with sandwich panels, laminate, various plastics and even slate. And knowing how to choose a circular saw, you will select without any problems optimal model just for you.

Selecting a saw based on the diameter of the cutting blade

The diameter of the cutting blade is an important characteristic that is directly related to the size of the saw, its power and torque.

There are main parameters that must be taken into account when choosing a circular saw. One of these characteristics is the size of the cutting blade. It is on this that the depth of cut largely depends, according to which all models of circular saws are conventionally divided into several classes. The power of the saw is also related to such a characteristic as the diameter of the blade. Moreover, the more cutting disc, the more complex the design of the tool will be, because a serious diameter requires the provision of appropriate torque to maintain speed at the desired values. The stabilization system also becomes more complex, thanks to which jamming of the working disk is prevented, vibration, noise levels, etc. are reduced. All this leads to an increase in the total weight, size and final price of the tool. However, along with this, a high-class circular saw will allow you to work with a variety of materials and cut large workpieces.

The classification of tools by cutting disc is quite arbitrary. They are classified according to the diameter of the circle. The maximum cutting depth that can be achieved using the tool in question is also taken into account. You can find out these characteristics in the data sheet of the circular saw. Thus, tools are conventionally divided into classes:

Saws with a disk with a diameter of 4-5 cm. Used for cutting sheet materials. They belong to the category of household tools.
Saws with a 5-6.5 cm disc. The most common and widest category. These tools can be used to do most jobs.
Saws with a disc with a diameter of 6.5 cm. This group includes professional-grade tools.

The classification is very arbitrary and was introduced rather for greater convenience of choice.

Circular saw power

When choosing a circular saw, you must pay attention to such an important characteristic as its power. The more powerful the engine, the:

The tool will be more stable in operation.
It will be possible to work longer without breaks.
It will be possible to cut materials faster.

The diameter of the saw blade is directly related to its power. There is a classification for this indicator, which is also very conditional. It looks like this:

Household circular saws. This category includes tools whose motor power does not exceed 800 W.
Universal models. These are circular saws with an 800-1200 W motor.
Professional circular saws. This class includes tools that are equipped with a motor more powerful than 1200 W.

Disk rotation speed

The rotation speed of the cutting blade affects the quality of the cut and the time spent on it.

When choosing a circular saw, you cannot help but pay attention to such a parameter as the rotation speed of the blade. The cleanliness of the cutting performed to some extent depends on this indicator. It is also necessary to take into account the fact that the rotation speed is directly related to the torque value. The higher the first indicator, the lower the second. The degree of heating of the workpiece being processed also depends on the speed of rotation of the disk. This is especially important to consider when cutting some plastics, which can melt when processed by a high-speed model.

Thus, when choosing a circular saw, it is necessary to choose tools with the same tool diameter and the most suitable rotation speed. Here it is important to think about what materials will be most often processed with a circular saw. If you wish, you can buy a circular saw with the ability to adjust the speed of the blade, but this option does not have the best effect on the cost of the tool.

Protection system

To the number important functions circular saw features include presetting the idle speed, protecting the saw from heavy loads, and an electrodynamic brake.

A circular saw is a highly dangerous tool, so you definitely shouldn’t skimp on your own safety. Currently, manufacturers equip their tools with a number of special functions and additions that ensure almost complete safety for the master during work.

First of all, you need to know about the so-called. constant electronics. Its function is to maintain the disk rotation speed at a constant level as the load decreases or increases. For example, a number of models are equipped with a special sensor to monitor shaft rotation speed and changes in output power. This allows you to maintain the rotation speed at a constant level and almost completely eliminate the risk of disk jamming. Accordingly, the quality of the cut increases.

However, in order for the rotation speed to be maintained at the required level as the load increases, the tool must be equipped with some power reserve. As a rule, budget models do not have it.

Some models of circular saws are equipped with a function for presetting the idle speed. This option can be useful when processing various materials. The preset frequency will stabilize under the influence of this system.

Another useful additional feature is the protection of the circular saw from excessive loads. For example, an overload can occur due to excessive zeal on the part of the technician or a sudden surge in voltage in the electrical network. The system will turn off the power and prevent damage to the working tool.

Modern models of the middle and high price categories are equipped with an electrodynamic brake. Thanks to it, the disk almost instantly stops rotating after the master releases the power button of the saw. This prevents damage to the workpiece and the tool itself and protects the operator from injury.

Additional mechanics

The auxiliary button of the circular saw prevents unintentional activation of the mechanism.

Those who often work with a circular saw are familiar with such an unpleasant phenomenon as the blade jamming in the workpiece. Because of this, the workpiece may deteriorate, the motor may break, and a kickback may occur. To prevent such troubles, the so-called slip clutch. If the disk jams, the clutch will release the motor shaft and it will continue to rotate. This will prevent burnout of the windings. The system is very reliable and only works when necessary.

A very common mechanical safety element is an additional button, which the operator must hold together with the main one during operation. Thanks to it, accidental activation of the tool will be prevented.

From time to time there is a need to replace a used cutting disc. To do this, you have to fix the shaft and unscrew the nut. A number of models are equipped with a mechanism that allows you to lock the shaft in any position, which makes working with the saw more convenient.

One of the most important elements of any circular saw is the base plate. On this plate are installed various kinds fastening elements and control mechanisms. It can be made by casting or stamping. The first option is usually set to more expensive models, and the second - on household tools. However, there are exceptions.

The saw must be equipped with an automatic guard. This element will move when starting work and automatically return to its original position upon completion.

Any circular saw must have a riving knife. It will not allow the already processed part of the workpiece to squeeze the cutting disc, which will prevent it from jamming.

Tool ergonomics

Circular saws today are available for sale in a wide range, which allows you to choose the model that will be most comfortable and easy to work with.

Despite the fact that circular saws were developed to make it easier to process wood and other materials, working with such a tool is still quite difficult. Therefore, the ergonomics of the circular saw are very important.

First of all, you need to pay attention to such a point as the location and shape of the handles. Choose a model that best suits your physical characteristics, habits and preferences. There is a huge range of circular saws on the modern market, so the choice will not be difficult.

The shape of the front handle deserves special attention. You can buy a tool with a straight handle and one with a handle mounted perpendicular to the plane of the material being processed. The most preferred and popular is the second option. However, some may like the first one. Everything here is individual.

Handles can be made of different materials. Among users, tools with rubberized handles are most valued. This option allows for maximum control over the tool.

Besides quality characteristics When choosing a circular saw, it is important to pay attention to its ergonomics.

When choosing a specific model, be sure to consider several options, hold each of them in your hands, think about what weight will be most comfortable for you, what handle is best, etc.

Working with a circular saw involves organizing effective airflow at the cutting site, because if it becomes clogged with sawdust, you will be uncomfortable. There are circular saws with a pipe for a vacuum cleaner and a sawdust bag. Sawdust can also be collected in a special container.

Pay attention to how the power cable is located. It is important that it cannot be accidentally cut during operation. It is best to have the cable located at the back of the saw. It is better to choose a length of about 3-4 m. This will eliminate the need to use carriers, which can create interference during work.

The motor brushes will need to be replaced periodically. It is better to buy a model that will provide quick and easy access to these brushes, which will allow you to replace them yourself without contacting a service center.

Be sure to turn on the saw before purchasing. Listen to how noisy it works, what strong vibration it produces. Compare several models that are suitable in terms of technical characteristics and cost.

If you will use a circular saw occasionally to perform various small tasks, then it is better not to spend a lot of money and choose something from the mid-price category.

Each manufacturer offers a large selection of such saws. The cost of such a tool is much lower than professional models, and warranty period usually longer. The only drawback is that an amateur household saw cannot work for a long time without interruption. Be sure to check this point before purchasing and pay attention to it when choosing a tool.

And the last significant criterion is cost. Everything here is individual. Do not trust overly tempting offers from dubious manufacturers, and for the rest, focus on your budget. Good luck with your choice!