Methods for diluting putty depending on the type of mixture. How to dilute putty - recommendations from professionals How to dilute ready-made putty

When conducting construction, one way or another you will have to face the issue of putty. Topics that will be raised along with the renovation include leveling the walls, priming, and choosing the right materials, and how to dilute putty. We have already answered some of these important questions. Now let’s look in detail at how to dilute the putty.

It’s worth noting right away that the putty is intended for:

leveling walls;
covering small cracks, holes and chips;
sealing walls and connections;
as a preliminary step before wallpapering or painting walls.

Any putty can be either in a dry state - a powder, or in an already prepared state - a mixture. In the first case, you will have to add water to the dry mixture yourself and beat very thoroughly with a mixer or by hand (which is highly not recommended). In the second case, you can only dilute the solution slightly if it seems thick (which is unlikely) and it is ready for use. You might immediately think that the first type of putty is most likely not popular - but no. It is more often used than the second one due to its cheapness and ease of transportation, transportation and storage. Everyone chooses the type of putty that suits them.

How to dilute dry putty

If you still decide to buy dry putty rather than wet putty, then you will need:

When all the ingredients and tools are ready, you can begin to perform the main task - interfering. To do this you need to fall asleep a certain amount dry putty in a bucket or basin, pour the floor required quantity water and start stirring. During the mixing process, water must be gradually added until it is all used up. Next, the mixture should rest quietly for about 5 - 10 minutes, depending on the type of putty, and you can start using it.

Every builder will wonder how much water to use. If the mixture is purchased, the answer is clear and it is indicated on the packaging. If the mixture was produced at home, then according to the standard you will need 400 grams of water per 1 kilogram of the mixture. The consistency of the building material should be similar to thick sour cream.

The question of how to mix putty will affect any builder or home owner in one way or another - so it’s worth immediately studying exactly all the information on the topic, and then proceeding with implementation.

Features of starting and finishing solutions

To understand how to properly dilute putty, you need to make a choice of what you need. It is known that among the types of putty there are:

Starting;
Finish;
For walls;
Ceiling;
Facade;
For internal parts premises

Depending on which putty is chosen, there will be an answer to the question of how to properly dilute the putty. Why does the answer depend on the type? Because each solution has its own required volume of water, its own required thickness and consistency.

For example, the first - starting - mixture is needed to level the walls; its layer can reach up to six centimeters in order to hide very large defects. Therefore, it should not be liquid; the thicker the mixture, the better it will fit into the recesses and the faster it will dry later. But don't overdo it.

It is also very important how the master will apply the plaster to the wall. If this manual method– then the solution must be thicker. If you plan to automate the process, then you should get an airless spraying machine and spatulas different sizes– preferably 45 centimeters, 60 centimeters, 80 centimeters and 1 meter. When applied to the wall in an automatic way- the mixture should be a little less frequent than with manual mixing.

The finishing putty should be more liquid, since we will apply it very thinly. In the final version, the question of how to dilute the putty is very often not raised, since many people prefer to take it already diluted, right in the bucket.

I would like to provide some tips so that the question of how to dilute putty does not remain unknown:

It is worth taking into account that the proportion of dry solution and water is different for each mixture. Carefully read all instructions, all requirements and under no circumstances ignore them.
Before applying the solution, the wall must be clean, dry, free from fungus or mold. It must be pre-treated with a primer, also diluted with water.
Every time after using the tools, clean them and wash them, and throw away the excess mixture, it is not intended for storage.
get a respirator for working with dry solution - this will ensure safe work.
If you decide to buy a large spatula so that the cherished task progresses faster, take care of a small spatula, it is easy to “throw” the resulting solution onto a large device.
Do not mix too much solution at one time. Analyze how much building material you can use at a time and use exactly that amount. Don’t skimp on the solution – it’s better to put in more and remove the excess.
if there are large potholes in the wall, it is better to immediately cover them separately and bring the surface to a more or less even layer. And then deal with the complete leveling of the surfaces of the room.

At the end of the article, I would like to wish success to every master who has started the big business of plastering - great patience and strength. This is not an easy question, but it doesn’t require a big solution either. Therefore, success in such a difficult task!

Video “How to properly prepare putty”

This video shows the preparation of a mixture for plastering walls.

Puttying work is carried out during any repair. And in order not to spoil appearance surfaces on which the mixture will be applied, you should know how to properly dilute the putty. Typically, the rules for diluting putty, the proportions and consistency of the mixture are indicated in the instructions on the packaging. However, often, some nuances may not be taken into account and this will affect the quality of the work performed. To prevent this from happening, try to use the tips on how to dilute dry putty indicated in this article.

Today you can find many types of putty materials on sale. Each of them is intended for one or another type of finishing work.

All putties are finely dispersed building mixtures. They differ mainly in consistency. There is some classification of putty mixtures, depending on the type of material underlying it. So, there are putties based on cement, gypsum and polymers. Let's look at each of them in a little more detail.

Cement-based putty with a characteristic gray tint, due to its resistance to moisture, is actively used for baths and other rooms with high humidity levels. In addition, it is often used for finishing the facades of buildings.

Gypsum putty is often used for interior decoration premises before painting the walls or wallpapering. This solution has a much more attractive snow-white color. Unlike cement putty mixture, gypsum cannot transfer high level humidity. Therefore it is not suitable for use in the bathroom.

Putty, which uses polymers as binders, is considered a fairly new material on the market. There are acrylic and latex putty mixtures. Acrylic is used both for facade finishing and for indoor work. It can be used as a roughing, leveling and even finishing mixture.

As for latex putty, it is usually used exclusively for interior decoration. It has properties such as high elasticity and low shrinkage. Therefore, it can be applied in a thin layer. Any polymer-based mixture is strong and durable.

Putties are sold both dry and ready-diluted. Dry mixtures can be starting and finishing. They differ in composition and properties. The finishing putty is fine-grained. After this you get a perfectly flat surface. Starting mixtures are usually used to smooth out wall defects. This material is applied in a thicker layer than the finishing one.

Leveling putty is highly durable. Therefore, it is often used as a starting one.

There is also a universal putty. It is usually more expensive and has the same properties as leveling and decorative. But it should only be used when there are no serious defects on the wall.

How to dilute putty (starter)

There are two ways to dilute starting putty. Let's take a closer look at each of them.

First way

This method is somewhat similar to kneading dough. And it is most suitable when there is no mixer attachment for the drill. You need to take a dry container (for example, a bucket from under building materials) and pour the required amount of dry mixture into it. After this, you should gradually add water to the container. If you do the opposite, i.e. If you pour the putty mixture into the water, it may set in the form of lumps that will be difficult to remove manually.

Let's consider step by step how to dilute gypsum putty using the first method.

To prepare gypsum-based putty, you need to take a clean plastic container and pour about seven trowels of dry mixture. Then add some water. Now you should mix the mixture well. Important point: the tools and utensils used must be perfectly clean.
If dirt gets into the solution, this can cause the mixture to harden faster than you can apply it to the surface. After mixing, you can pour the rest of the dry mixture into the container and add water. Finally, you need to mix everything until you get a homogeneous mixture without lumps.
Lumps, like dirt, can speed up the drying time of the mixture. Gypsum plaster is known for drying quickly, but despite this, after mixing, you should not immediately apply it to the surface. work surface. You should allow about three minutes for the mixture to sit. After this, you need to mix well again.
It is allowed to add dry mixture or water to the putty. But this is allowed to be done only until the solution is applied to the work surface. The amount of mixture should be such that it is enough for twenty minutes of work. Therefore, it is better to cook a little at a time than to throw away the dried material later.
Main properties gypsum putty is that it absorbs excess moisture well. Therefore, it is usually used in rooms with excess humidity. Its use is usually limited to this. However, recently, gypsum plaster has been used to finish walls for painting. This is due to the fact that she lies down quite even layer, and no application is required from above finishing mixture.
Sometimes gypsum plaster cracks. This usually happens because the mixing technology was violated, an insufficient amount of water was added, or too small a layer of plaster was applied, which normally should not be less than five millimeters. If the surface is not treated and cleaned before applying the mixture, then in this case, mother-in-law may also appear.

Second way

This method can be used when you have a mixer attachment or a screwdriver available. To do this, first pour water into the container, and then pour the dry mixture into it until you achieve the desired thickness. Sometimes the material sets into clumps, but using a power tool can easily be removed. With proper skill, you can dilute the putty in this way immediately in large quantities And good quality. It is important to avoid getting into the mixture large quantity air. To do this, keep the speed of the mixer attachment at 800 rpm. Kneading alone is usually not enough. Therefore, after waiting for about a quarter of an hour, it is necessary to repeat the procedure.

According to the first and second methods, the mixture must be prepared until the required thickness is achieved. After this, the finished mixture should be left for a few minutes to swell. Then it must be mixed well so that no lumps form. In addition, repeated mixing increases the elasticity of the putty.

How to mix putty for walls, ceilings and floors (finishing)

As for cooking finishing putty, which is used for fine wall finishing, this process is practically no different from the technology of mixing the starting mixture. Only in this case is it worth it special attention return to mixing again. This is due to the fact that in finishing layer There should not be even small lumps present. This layer is usually applied one millimeter thick, so any particles or lumps will be immediately noticeable. They will especially attract attention when using glossy finishing materials and if the room has side lighting. The finishing mixture should be mixed thoroughly and repeatedly. In addition, it is important that the tool used for putty is very well cleaned of residual materials and then washed.

In addition, you should not dilute a new portion of the putty mixture in the same container where the previous one was previously diluted. To be precise, the same container can be used for a new portion, but before that it must be rinsed hot water. In addition to the container, you should wash the mixer attachment that was used for mixing. Only after this can the container and tool be used again.

When working with putty, do not add any remaining solution that was on the tool to the container with the mixture. It is better to remove them into a separate small container. If the solution particles have already fallen into the container with the mixture, then it is necessary to thoroughly mix the entire volume of the material so that no lumps form.

Making your own mixture

It is known that putties can be prepared at home. There are quite a few such recipes today, but each of them has the same basis. So, the main components include: chalk, drying oil, varnishes, sifted gypsum, as well as carpentry or animal glue.

Gypsum-chalk putty mixture is suitable for use in dry rooms for leveling purposes. plasterboard sheets and concrete surfaces. In order to prepare such a mixture, you will need a mixing container, three kilograms of chalk, one kilogram of gypsum, and five percent carpentry or animal glue. To mix, you need a spatula, and also better drill with a special nozzle. In addition, you should purchase a respirator or at least a gauze bandage that will protect against plaster-chalk dust.
First you need to carefully sift and mix the chalk with gypsum. They should be gradually introduced into the container with the adhesive solution. Mix everything thoroughly until a homogeneous mass is obtained. The amount of the mixture prepared should be such that it is enough for work, but no more. The fact is that this putty hardens quickly, which is why you will have to throw away the excess.
If it is necessary to prepare the surface for painting oil paints, prepare an oil putty, for which you will need 100 grams of drier, 1 kilogram of drying oil and 2 kilograms of chalk. This mixture can be used to coat surfaces that are subject to frequent temperature changes, for example, the surfaces of window frames.
If the surface is to be painted with adhesive, then adhesive putty is prepared. You will need 25 grams of drying oil, 2.5 kilograms of sifted chalk and 1 kilogram of 10% adhesive solution. The adhesive solution must first be heated, then mixed with drying oil and brought to a homogeneous consistency. Then chalk is gradually introduced until the desired thickness is achieved. To improve the spreading of the putty, finely chopped soap should also be added to the mixture.

Leveling walls and preparing them for cladding is one of the most difficult operations, the quality of which determines the durability of the repair and the appearance of the room. For this purpose, putty is used. The modern market offers ready-made mixtures that can be immediately applied to the surface, but they are quite expensive, so for large-scale work they use dry compositions. In this article we will look at how to dilute putty for high-quality preparation of walls and ceilings.

To carry out truly high-quality work, the putty must be elastic and plastic, at the same time the mixture must lie well on the surface, spread over it and easily come off the spatula. The consistency should be uniform, without lumps or other solid formations.

Packages of dry mixtures have instructions for diluting them, which must be followed, but in some cases a thinner or, conversely, thicker solution is required, so you should be aware of some rules for diluting the mixture.

Dilution for rough finishing

This operation can be carried out by two methods, the first of which is a bit like kneading dough and is used when there is no mixer attachment or power tool at hand.

Let's look at how to dilute putty step by step:

First you need to prepare plastic container– wash it, dry it, then pour about 7 trowels of dry putty.
Then add a little water and mix thoroughly. Tools and containers must be fairly clean, since dirt getting into the mixture will cause it to dry out prematurely in the container or crack on the walls and ceiling after drying.
After obtaining a homogeneous solution without lumps, you need to add the remaining dry material and water, and then mix everything again.

After mixing, let the putty sit for 3 minutes, then mix again and apply to the walls or ceiling. The amount of material should be such that it is enough for 20 minutes of continuous work. To prevent the putty from cracking after drying, you need to carefully prepare the surface and maintain proportions during preparation.

The second method involves using a screwdriver or a mixer attachment on an electric drill.

Pour water into a clean plastic container, then add the dry composition there. The required proportions, as well as other information on how to dilute the putty, can be read on the packaging.
Then you need to turn on the power tool and knead for 2-3 minutes.
When the solution reaches the required consistency, it should be left to swell for about 15 minutes, then mixed again using an electric drill or screwdriver.

Important to know! When mixing with a power tool, there is a risk of the solution becoming saturated with air. To avoid porosity of the mixture, it must be mixed at 800 rpm.

Dilution for finishing

Preparing such a mixture is practically no different from working with starting putty. Only in this case the requirements for repeated mixing and cleanliness of instruments are higher. The fact is that it is applied to the walls in a very thin layer, so all lumps or other formations will be visible to the naked eye.

These defects will be especially visible during the subsequent application of finishing materials with a glossy texture when the room is illuminated from the side. It is better to stir the finishing mixture several times, taking breaks to allow it to swell. The mixing tool must be washed before each procedure.

The container also needs to be washed every time; you cannot leave the remnants of a previously prepared mixture and start preparing a new one in the same place. Also, do not add residue collected from the mixer to the solution, as this will lead to the formation of lumps.

Making your own mixture

Now let's talk about how to properly dilute putty at home. On at the moment There are many recipes for preparing such mixtures, but the main components are plaster, glue, chalk and varnish.

Most often, putty based on gypsum and chalk is used to finish walls. To prepare such a mixture, you need to prepare a container, 3 kg of chalk, 1 kg of gypsum and wood glue. For mixing, it is better to use an electric drill with an attachment, but you can get by with a regular spatula. In addition, a respirator or gauze bandage must be used to protect the upper respiratory tract.

The chalk and plaster should be thoroughly sifted, then the glue should be poured into a plastic container. The sifted powder should be gradually poured into adhesive composition. After which the composition should be mixed until a homogeneous mass is obtained. It is better to cook in small portions, since the putty dries out quite quickly, and the excess will have to be thrown away. This solution is used as a finishing solution finishing material in dry rooms.

It is not necessary to buy a ready-made putty mixture; it is easy to make it yourself: all you need is chalk, plaster and wood glue

In more humid conditions, for walls painted with oil paints, a different putty is needed. To prepare the base, you need to stock up on drying oil, chalk and drying agent. Pour 1 kilogram of drying oil into a mixing container, then add 100 grams of drier and mix. Then gradually add chalk, the total weight of which should be 2 kilograms. The resulting material is perfect for processing walls with windows and doorways.

If wall surfaces are planned to be subjected to adhesive painting, then you should prepare a special putty. To prepare it you will need 1 kg of wood glue, 2.5 kg of chalk and 25 grams of drying oil. The first step is to sift the chalk and heat the adhesive composition, then add drying oil to it and mix thoroughly. Chalk is added to last resort in small portions to prevent the formation of lumps. In some cases, in order for the composition to fit better on the wall, soap, previously grated on a fine grater, is added to it.

Leveling the walls and preparing them for decorative finishing– one of the most important works, the quality of which determines not only the aesthetics of the room, but also the reliability and durability of the repair. If you do it yourself, it is important for you to know how to dilute the putty - the proportions of the dry mixture and water, mixing methods, optimal consistency depending on the purpose and purpose of use.

The putty mixture should be plastic, elastic, smooth out well and stick to the surface, not flow off it or fall off in pieces. At the same time, it should easily lag behind the spatula and have a uniform consistency without lumps or solid inclusions.

By buying ready-made putty in a hermetically sealed container, you free yourself from the need to think about how to achieve required quality solution - the manufacturer has already taken care of this, all you have to do is mix it well before applying.

But the price ready-made mixtures much higher than dry ones, which require dilution with water directly on construction site, so the choice most often falls on the latter.

It would seem that there should be no problems with their preparation, since the packaging always contains detailed instructions from the manufacturer, which describes the entire process in detail. But, firstly, putty mixtures are sometimes prepared independently from gypsum or cement, and secondly, the consistency of the solution, obtained by strictly following the instructions, is not always convenient for performing this or that type of work.

So:

If the surface needs serious leveling by filling significant potholes and cracks with a putty mixture, it will be easier and faster to do this by giving the solution a thicker consistency. It is also easier to seal joints between slabs and masonry seams with a thick mortar;

For finishing putty, the mixture should be more liquid, since it is applied in a very thin layer and is intended to make the base smooth;

For the ceiling (see Puttying the ceiling in different options) and for the walls, the proportions of the dry mixture and water may also need to be changed in order to achieve better adhesion to the surface.

Experienced finishers are able to determine suitability for a particular purpose by the type of finished mortar and its behavior when applied to a spatula. Those who take on such work for the first time will have to act empirically, taking the proportions from the instructions as a basis and preparing the mixture in small portions.

Putty is a pasty special mixture, which includes various fillers, film-forming components and coloring pigments. It is used to level and eliminate cracks in ceilings and walls. In order to apply putty efficiently, you need not only to know how it is done, but also to properly prepare the mixture.

Rules for mixing putty

Available universal instructions, suitable for mixing putty from different manufacturers at home. It includes a series of sequential actions. The difference may be how much clean water add to a predetermined mass of putty.

Stages of mixing putty:

Preparing the container and filling it with water.
Measuring the weight of dry putty per liter of water, which is collected in a container.
Thoroughly mix the solution for the time indicated on the putty packaging. The mixture should sit for 5 minutes.

The proportion indicated on the packaging is optimal, however, in some cases this consistency may be unsuitable for performing any specific types of work. Thus, in order to apply a thick layer of putty, you should make a thicker solution. It will allow you to level out problem areas of walls or ceilings, because it will not fall off the surface. On the other hand, to treat drywall with putty you need a thin layer, which means the mixture must be more liquid.

Pay attention! If you need a thick putty, keep in mind that it hardens much faster than liquid putty. After hardening, the putty becomes unusable. It is more economical to mix the putty in small portions.

P The puttying process must be carried out quickly, before the mixture hardens. This will help prevent the putty from turning into stone, which is very difficult to remove from the container in order to free it for the next batch.

Types of putties

Putty is divided into types according to the type of application. In view of this, it can belong to the group of basic (starting) compositions or to the group of finishing ones. Basic types of putty are used in cases where it is necessary to level out a surface difference of 10 to 15 mm. The base composition evens out differences of this kind and prepares the surface for final leveling.

The starting putty is characterized by large fractions of particles, due to which the surface as a result of processing has a rough texture that easily absorbs moisture. For this reason starting putty very easy and quick to dissolve clean water. If there are large differences in the surface, the putty is applied in several layers, each of which is designed to make the surface smoother.

As for finishing compounds, they are used to eliminate minor differences, within 5 mm. If the walls and ceiling are more or less even, without significant differences, then there is no particular need to apply starting putty to them. However, in this case, you need to pre-treat the walls and ceiling with a primer. Such measures will increase the adhesion of the finishing material to the surface. In addition, this will save putty consumption. Diluting the finishing putty is not as easy as the base putty. Must be used to knead it construction mixer or an electric drill with a whisk attachment.

Pay attention! Not every electric drill will work with an attachment, even if it fits the chuck.

The working tool for mixing finishing putty must have a power of 500 watts or more. This tool is suitable for kneading a small amount of material. For continuous operation, you need to choose a device with a power of at least 1.5 kW. Also, the more revolutions a drill can make, the better. Professional specialists have a universal construction mixer in their tool kit, which they use only for diluting putty.

Pay attention! You need to start kneading at low speeds, eventually expanding the kneading area by deepening the whisk. You can increase the speed only after the consistency of the putty becomes more or less homogeneous.

Then the solution should be left for a few minutes and mixed again. As a result, the batch will be more homogeneous.

The container in which the kneading will be carried out must have a connection between the wall and the bottom at a right angle. The bucket can be plastic, enameled or household galvanized. The use of basins and any other types of containers with rounded corners at the bottom is unacceptable.
To clean the drill attachment from putty, you need to place it in a container with clean water, and then rotate it in both directions using the reverse function. Then the water should drain from it; for this, the drill is usually placed on a bucket in a position horizontal to the floor.
The walls of the container should be wet when dry putty gets on them. In addition, you should always have a spatula no larger than 12 cm at hand. You can use it to remove putty stuck to the edges of the bucket.
For kneading, do not use too cold or hot water, when drying, the material will fall off the surface. The water should be clean and at room temperature.
The hardening time of the putty is on average 40 minutes, so it is better to do the mixing during this time in order to have time to work it out as much as possible, without unnecessary material and labor costs.

Pay attention! During the kneading process, it is not recommended to turn on the mixer or drill at high speed. This is due to the fact that the putty will be filled with an unnecessary amount of air. And this will lead to the formation of bubbles on the surface of the wall or ceiling being treated.

If you have any questions on the topic, be sure to write your comments on the article. Specialists working on the site will kindly answer them and give you appropriate recommendations.

Video

The process of preparing the solution is clearly demonstrated below: