What is the best glue for wood. Which carpentry glue to choose: types by composition, an overview of adhesive products. What to pay attention to

1. Compound
2. Mezdrovy
3. Isinglass
4. Bone
5. casein
6. moisture resistant
7. How to prepare a mixture
8. Titebond
9. Moment
10. Titanium
11. Selection rules

Joiner's glue is intended for connection of details from paper, a cardboard, wooden boards, bars, a hardboard. The material is inexpensive, safe, has a natural composition.

Compound

The basis of wood glue, the main agent is animal protein.

According to the type of raw material there is glue:

• mezdrovy,
• fish,
• bone,
• casein,
• polyvinyl acetate (PVA),
• moisture resistant.

For carpentry, all types are used.

Mezdrovy

The main active ingredient is obtained by processing the skin of animals. Protein - subcutaneous layer without fatty tissue. It contains oligopeptides. They contain cysteine, which forms bridges-ligaments for reliable connection of parts.

Mezdrovy joiner's glue is produced in the form of:

• powder,
• tiles,
• scales.

Isinglass

For the production of fish glue, fins, scales, and swim bladders are used. It turns out a solution suitable for gluing identical and dissimilar surfaces. The only drawback is the high price. Produce glue in the form of dry scales and granules.

Bone

Made from animal bones. The composition contains:

• collagen,
• gelatin,
• cysteine.

These substances are viscous, reliably glue the surfaces of wooden products. The price of the material is low. You should choose transparent formulations: they are better than crude, cloudy, with impurities.

casein

Includes:

• casein,
• kerosene,
• blue vitriol,
• sodium fluoride,
• hydrated lime.

Flaws:

• Significant shrinkage in volume.
• Changing the color of bonded surfaces.
• The short shelf life of the prepared solution is several hours.

Holds wood parts well.

Raw materials for the preparation of casein adhesive solution are produced in the form of a dry powder.

PVA

PVA glue is used in carpentry and other areas. The solution is sold ready-made.

Characteristics:

• elasticity,
• secure grip,
• transparent layer,
• stability of the finished seam.

PVA adhesives differ in properties. Some are water-resistant, quick-drying.

moisture resistant

A waterproof mortar for gluing wood can be prepared from slaked lime and freshly curdled cottage cheese. The components are mixed in certain proportions to a working consistency.

How to prepare a mixture

To prepare the working material, ready-made grain, dry powders, tiles, granules are taken. They are carefully crushed, diluted with warm water according to the instructions. Waiting for the active components to swell. Then use. Store in a hermetically sealed container. All formulations, except for casein, retain sticky properties for several days.

The cooking method is written in the instructions on the package.. Different manufacturers of mixtures may vary in composition. Consistency matters. In the description of a specific adhesive, the required amount of water is indicated. It is designed to obtain a mixture of a certain viscosity. If a more liquid material is needed for work, the liquid is added in small portions, each time the paste is thoroughly mixed.

Before gluing the surfaces to each other, they are cleaned and degreased. Then a thin layer of the solution is applied to one of the parts, the planes are pressed. To increase the effect, a load is installed on top, it does not allow the workpieces to disperse. Bonding occurs in 2-3 hours, drying - in 2-3 days. The exact term and conditions are spelled out in the technical specifications of each composition.

Modern adhesives based on synthetic

Ready-made adhesives of industrial production are often used: Titebond, "Moment", "Titan".

Titebond (from 200 rubles, 0.296 liters)

Titebond wood glue from the American company Franklin International is used in the manufacture of plywood furniture, wood flooring, and woodworking. The composition includes synthetic and natural polymers without solvents. This allows you to get excellent adhesion of surfaces without damaging them.

Titebond II Premium Carpentry Adhesive is a high quality replacement for traditional wood and paper bonding compounds. It is used in the production of door and window blocks, frames, furniture assembly. This is a composition with a high level of moisture resistance, it can be used for outdoor work, assembling external door and window fillings, attaching decorations to a wooden facade.

Bonding strength reaches the strength of wood. The connection remains intact for many years.

Moment (from 300 rubles)

Joiner's glue "Moment Super PVA D3" manufactured by Henkel has a Soviet analogue - DF51 / 15V. This is a good waterproof adhesive used for gluing paper, cardboard, plywood, and other materials of wood origin.

PVA waterproof is added as a plasticizing agent to concrete solutions to increase the plasticity and water resistance of the working mass, the finished stone. Connection with cement mortar increases adhesion to the surface covered with a screed or tile.

The letter D in the name indicates the degree of resistance of the material to water, 3 - a sufficient level. 4 - higher class, used for special work, expensive.

Titanium (from 200 rubles for 500 ml)

Glue "Titan" is universal, reliably glues:

• plastics,
• glass,
• paper,
• wood.

It is often used for the manufacture of various wooden products.

"Titanium Universal" is a quick-drying adhesive suitable for working with wooden surfaces. It quickly gains strength, reliably connects surfaces without damage, and becomes transparent.

Adhesive mastic is suitable for finishing work, gluing wooden beams, boards, sockets.

Liquid nails are also compatible with wood and can be used for finishing and decorative elements.

Selection rules

Necessary:

• Take into account the scope and specifics of work. When processing a large amount of wood, it is better to give preference to powder semi-finished products because of their low price.
• Pay attention to the characteristics, select the solution according to physical properties.
• Find the right consistency glue.
• Carefully read the information on the label, get acquainted with product reviews.

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Glue is a mixture or substance, various multicomponent solutions, which are made on the basis of organic and inorganic substances. With the help of glue, different materials are connected: fabrics, wood species, glass, metals, paper, leather, ceramics, rubber, plastics. Bonding occurs due to the formation of an adhesive bond between the surfaces to be joined and the adhesive layer. The strength of the adhesive seams can also be affected by cohesion to the adhesive surface. According to the type of bonding, all existing adhesives are divided into non-drying, drying adhesives and binders based on polymerizable compositions.

Joiner's glue is used for durable fastening of parts made of wood and other wood-based materials, such as cardboard, plywood or hardboard.

The main component of this type of glue is a protein substance that provides strong bonding. Depending on the raw materials used in the manufacturing process, carpentry glue for wood can be fish, bone, skin, etc.

Skin glue

It is made from scraps of leather, waste from tanneries and mezdra - the subcutaneous layer of fiber, which is cut off when dressing animal skins.

bone glue

Such glue is boiled down from bone waste and crushed bones. This is the most common type of wood glue.

Isinglass

It is made from fish processing waste: fish heads, entrails, scales, etc. are used. It is used, as a rule, when performing restoration and other complex works that require high quality and skill.

casein glue

Brown-yellow powder, made from dry fat-free cottage cheese and alkali. During the manufacturing process, this powder falls into non-cold water and is constantly stirred.

PVA glue

Joiner's PVA glue is produced in tubes that can be used immediately. It dries quickly, is not washed off with water, but has a short shelf life. Despite this, it is currently in great demand among people.

Mucilage

This type of glue could not find wide application, because it has weak gluing parameters. It is mainly made from starch and is used in the process of gluing wood surfaces and cloth.

Joiner's glue "Moment"

Glue "Moment Joiner" is intended mainly for carpentry, which primarily includes gluing furniture parts. 20 minutes after its application, the parts are fixed, and after 24 hours the structure acquires strength.

Glue "Moment Joiner" has excellent adhesive ability and is chemically neutral. Bonded materials do not change their color and shape. The composition does not cause allergies and after complete drying does not leave a smell. The adhesive is applied to a cleaned and degreased surface at a temperature above +10°C.

Properties

Joiner's glue is highly durable: under huge loads, the destruction of the nearby layer of wood of the structure, and not the adhesive layer of the joint, mainly occurs.

Glue is usually produced in yellow-brown granules or solid boards. It is believed that the more transparent and lighter the slabs or granules, the better the quality of the adhesive.

Glue preparation before work

Before starting work, dry carpentry glue must be prepared. To do this, the granules (when using a glue tile, it is necessary to wrap it in a cloth and break it into small pieces with a hammer) are pre-filled with cold water so that the water covers the dry glue. The mixture is aged until it becomes a soft gelatinous mass. Basically, depending on the amount of glue, the procedure takes 4-12 hours.

After swelling, the glue is boiled for 15 minutes with constant stirring in a water bath at 60-80 degrees until a uniform liquid mass without lumps is formed. It is impossible to heat the glue on ordinary fire - when the solution burns or boils, its adhesive ability is significantly reduced.

For cooking, you should use special devices called "Klyanka", which have two metal vessels. Hot water is poured into a large vessel, after which a smaller vessel with glue is inserted, and the oilcloth is placed on a small fire. Water is poured into the outer vessel so that when it boils, it does not flow into the inner vessel with wood glue. It is better to choose oilcloths made of copper.

If necessary, such a device is easy to make independently from improvised materials. For example, you can take a large tin can as a vessel, and put a small glass jar inside, which should be placed on a stand or hung on a wire.

To obtain the required consistency of the adhesive solution, hot water is added during cooking or boiled water, or increase the cooking time to evaporate excess moisture. For gluing tenon and end joints, it is better to make the glue a little thicker than for planar joints of sheet materials (hardboard, plywood, etc.).

You should boil the amount of wood glue that is required to complete the current work, because, despite the presence of additives, over time the solution begins to lose its properties, and after three days it can rot and become moldy.

Application

Joiner's glue is used hot at temperatures up to 70 degrees until it thickens. As a rule, the oilcloth is able to maintain the desired temperature of the composition at room conditions without the need to additionally heat it for 2 hours.

Carpentry glue is evenly applied to the bonding areas with a small brush.

To prevent the hot solution from being strongly squeezed out, it is necessary to give the applied layer time to dry - about 2-5 minutes. After that, the surfaces are connected, the parts are rubbed together a little, compressed with a clamp (or tightly pulled together with twine) and left for 4-6 hours until they are glued.

For durable and high-quality gluing with carpentry glue, the parts to be glued must be dry. Wood should not have a moisture content of more than 10 percent, veneer - no more than 5 percent.

Improving the quality of glue

By adding a variety of additives to the finished wood glue, you can make it more versatile, suitable for joining materials other than wood.

For example:

• The moisture resistance of the adhesive joint increases significantly if 10 g of linseed oil or natural drying oil is added to 40 g of dry wood glue.
• To glue the skin, glycerin must be added to the wood glue in a ratio of 1 tsp. for half a liter of glue.
• If you add sifted wood ash or dry chalk powder to hot wood glue, you can get an excellent putty paste.