A tool for sharpening drills should be in the arsenal of any home craftsman. To keep drills sharp - how to make a sharpening machine with your own hands Sharpening device for drills drawing

When drilling holes in parts made of metal, the tool used is subject to active wear, which leads to intense heating of the drills and, as a consequence, to their failure. To avoid this, it is necessary to regularly restore their geometric parameters, and a special device for drill sharpening. This simple device, which you can make yourself, allows you to quickly and efficiently sharpen dull drills and not spend money on purchasing new ones.

A device designed for sharpening drills is especially relevant in cases where these tools often have to be used on metal, as a result of which they quickly wear out and require regular restoration. When processing wood, the drill used for these purposes practically does not wear out and, accordingly, requires minimal attention to the parameters of its sharpening. For drills, the cutting part of which is equipped with carbide inserts, such a device is also not particularly significant, since they are practically not subject to regrinding and are used by craftsmen until they are completely worn out or broken.

Many experienced specialists do not use sharpening devices at all, completely relying on their experience and eye. However, as practice shows, in such cases it is better to use devices that allow you to mechanize this process. This will ensure maximum accuracy and the required quality of the result.

The modern market offers many devices for sharpening drills, allowing you to quickly, efficiently and accurately restore the geometry cutting tool even if you have no experience performing such procedures. Meanwhile, you can not spend money on purchasing such devices, but make the simplest machine for sharpening drills with your own hands.

Manufacturing options

Whatever device or machine is used to sharpen a drill for metal, its quality must be controlled. For this, a special template is used, which can also be serial or made by hand. This template is necessary primarily to control the accuracy of the angles of the cutting part, which are formed during the process of sharpening the drill. Tools used for working with various materials, differ from each other, including the values of such angles. You can find out the exact values of the latter from the reference table.

Working with different materials and knowing the angles of the cutting part of drills for such materials, you can make several templates at once and use them to control the correct sharpening of the same drill, which in this case acts as a universal tool.

As the simplest device for sharpening drills, you can use a sleeve with an internal diameter corresponding to the transverse size of the drill, rigidly fixed to a reliable base at a certain angle. When selecting a sleeve for such a device, you must ensure that the diameter of its internal hole strictly corresponds to the transverse size of the drill being sharpened. The tool being processed should not be allowed to dangle in such a hole, since even a 1–2° deviation of its axis from the required value can seriously reduce the quality and accuracy of the sharpening performed.

It is better to immediately equip a homemade device for sharpening drills with a holder made of copper or aluminum tubes, the internal diameters of which correspond to the standard sizes of the drills you most often use. You can do it simpler and supplement such a device used for sharpening drills, wooden block. Holes must be drilled in the block corresponding to the size of the tools. various diameters. The most important element The design of such a device is a handy tool that simultaneously solves several important problems:

ensures correct fixation of the drill and its precise movement in relation to the surface of the grinding wheel;
acts as a reliable support for the tool being processed.

A similar device based on an oak block with holes of different diameters was used by our grandfathers, who used it to sharpen drills with high quality and precision. The main problem that must be solved homemade machine or a device used for sharpening drills - correctly orient the cutting part of the drill being processed in relation to work surface grinding wheel.

To make a homemade machine for sharpening drills, you can use various designs similar devices. The corresponding drawings are easy to find on the Internet. Moreover, if you understand the operating principle of such a device, then you can make your own sharpening machine according to your own design.

Drawings of fixture parts

Promopore Promopore platform Movable platform
Drill bit mount and stop screw Turntable Bolts, nuts, pins and washers

Exists important rule which must be observed when working with such a device: during its use, the drill being sharpened should not rotate around its axis. If the tool rotates even at a small angle, sharpening will have to be done again.

After sharpening the drill, it should be allowed to cool. Then you need to check its restored geometric parameters using a template. It must be borne in mind that the cutting edges of the tool may differ from each other in length by no more than tenths of a millimeter. It is especially important to comply with this requirement for drills with a small diameter.

Among the mistakes made when sharpening drills using such a device, two of the most typical ones stand out.

The length of the cutting edges, even if they are symmetrical and have correctly selected angles, is not the same; accordingly, the center of drilling is shifted relative to the axis of the tool. A drill that was sharpened with such an error will create a strong runout during the drilling process, and it will be quite difficult to get it into the center of the future hole on the surface of the workpiece. A tool sharpened in this way is highly likely to break during further use.
When the drill is accurately centered, the angles at which its cutting edges are located are asymmetrical. Since this causes only one cutting edge to work, drilling will occur slowly, while the tip of the tool will actively heat up. This will lead to the tempering of the metal from which the drill is made, and the hole created will be broken (will have a diameter greater than the transverse size of the tool itself).

How to make a machine for sharpening twist drills

As a basis for making sharpening machine For twist drills, you can use any commercially available sharpening unit that can operate without runout and withstand significant loads. When equipping such a machine additional accessories The following requirements must be met.

The axis of the tool rest must coincide with the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel, and it can be located with it in the same horizontal plane or be higher than it.
All elements of the structure being created must be securely fixed to ensure the safety of sharpening work.
The design of the device must allow sharpening of drills both manually and semi-automatically.
The device of the tool rest should allow the drill shank to be positioned at any angle.

In the manufacture of this device for sharpening drills, complex technical devices and scarce materials that will have to be purchased additionally. All components can be found in almost any home workshop or garage. As equipment and tools with which such components will be modified before assembling the device, you can use a regular grinder and a welding machine.

Since the stop of such a device must be oscillating, which is necessary for sharpening drills in a semi-automatic mode, a loop connection should be used to fix it. When selecting a tube, bracket and bolt for the fastening unit, you should keep in mind that there should be no play in the device. The homemade product of the proposed design has two degrees of freedom.

The platform of such a device, on which the drill being processed is fixed, has the ability to rotate along a vertical axis, making it possible to change the sharpening angle of the tool. In addition, the tool rest, resting on a horizontal axis, can make oscillatory movements, which ensures correct articulation during sharpening.

For making structural elements such a device is used sheet metal of various thicknesses, namely:

support plate – 4 mm;
drill guide plate – 5 mm;
other structural elements - 3 mm.

The tool rest, on the top of which the support plate is installed, must be securely fixed to the body grinding machine. For this, an additional metal “cheek” is used, connected to the device bracket.

The guide plate, on the surface of which it is necessary to make a triangular groove designed to accommodate the tool being processed, is fixed on the support plate using a screw connection.

Device and design features The drill sharpening device in question allows it to rotate up to 90°. Thanks to this ability, you can sharpen drills using this device using almost any of the methods used today.

The drill, sharpened using such a device, fits into the guide groove and can move freely in it in the longitudinal direction. In this case, the sharpening angle of the tool does not change.

Since the upper surface of the support plate is located slightly above the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel, when using such a device, the optimal sharpening shape of the back surface of the drill is achieved.

The process of sharpening drills using such a device is as follows.

The tool is positioned in the guide groove of the fixture so that its cutting edge is parallel to the edge of the guide plate.
After adjusting the position, the drill is slowly fed to the working surface of the rotating grinding wheel.

The process of working with such a device is well demonstrated in a video that is easy to find on the Internet.

Despite the simplicity of the design, such a device ensures high accuracy of sharpening, for quality control of which you don’t even need to use a template. If you fix the swing plate of this device at a fixed angle, it can also be used for sharpening drills equipped with carbide inserts.

In order to successfully sharpen metal drills, most of which are made of high-speed steel, it is necessary to use a sufficiently hard sharpening wheel. For this purpose, you can use an abrasive tool made of silicon carbide. Such wheels, which can be identified by their green color and 64C marking, should have a grain size in the range of 8H - 16H. When using discs made of this material, you must keep in mind that they become very hot during operation, so you should not allow the drill to be sharpened to be in prolonged contact with the abrasive tool. To prevent overheating of the drill when sharpening it on such a disk, the tool must be regularly cooled using an aqueous solution of soda.

During the processing of hard products, drills are subject to rapid wear. The blunt working element heats up significantly and loses its strength characteristics. This happens due to the “releasing” of the metal alloy. The tool needs to be sharpened from time to time. However, this point concerns not only drilling devices.

Drills are fairly cheap products. At least the variations used at home. One way or another, it is at least unwise to purchase a new nozzle immediately after it becomes dull.

There are also factory-made sharpening products, but this violates the concept of appropriate use of a home tool.

Drills designed for wood processing almost never become dull. The product can only be “driven” in a resinous structure and at higher speeds. Pobedit tips, necessary for processing stone and concrete, are usually not sharpened. All that remains is to sharpen the tools for metal. Some experienced locksmiths do this work with their own hands, without resorting to the use of additional tools.

But in this case, the accuracy and quality of work may be questionable. And not everyone home craftsman has a good eye.

How to make your own drill sharpener

First you need to make a template, which will allow you to control the accuracy of processing.

Ordinary drills designed for working with ferrous metal are characterized by an edge angle of 115 to 120 degrees. If you constantly work with various materials, then you should familiarize yourself with the following information:

textolite and plastic - from 90 to 100 degrees;
any wood - 135;
granite and ceramics - 135;
cast iron, carbide bronze and steel - from 115 to 120;
soft bronze and brass-based alloys - from 125 to 135;
aluminum alloys - 135.

Based on this data, you can make several useful templates that will help you sharpen the drill with the highest quality and precision.

The easiest sharpening option- different bushings that are mounted on a reliable and strong base.

It is recommended to make a clip from aluminum and copper tubes, matching them to the most common drill diameters. You can also drill several holes in a block of non-solid material. The most important thing is to place a comfortable tool rest on the sharpener, which serves as a support and allows you to move the sharpening device at the required angle.

This method was actively used by our grandfathers. And for the material of the corner (sharpening machine), they used strong oak timber.

In fact, it is enough to place a workbench or table on the side of the emery - and the device for sharpening drills with your own hands is ready. At the same time, the level of accuracy and quality of sharpening will be extremely high.

There are many drawings for the manufacture of designs for sharpening devices. You can already resort to ready-made options or make them yourself. The most important thing is to understand the processing principle.

When processing, do not allow the drill to rotate around own axis. If the tool is turned even a millimeter, it will be damaged and you will be forced to grind off a certain length for additional processing.

Errors

To the most common mistakes self-sharpening drills include the following:

For that, to make the device yourself To sharpen drills, you should adhere to the following rules:

All the tools to create such a device can be found even at home or in the garage. They should be processed with a grinder, welding and a sharpener.

Metal drills are hardened during production, but gradually they still become dull. Of course, you shouldn't throw them away right away. You can sharpen a metal drill yourself using special equipment.

Types of sharpening devices

To properly sharpen a drill, you need to use special devices. They are divided into two categories:

industrial equipment. Has great power. Using it, it is possible to sharpen drills with a radius of one centimeter. These devices are installed in large enterprises. Sharpening is performed semi-automatically/automatically;
household equipment. Intended for use at home. In addition, it is used in small enterprises. This equipment is mobile, compact, and has standard power.

When purchasing a machine, you need to take into account the noise level and design features of the device. Best buy ordinary machine, because it is easy to find suitable spare parts for it.

You only need to purchase sharpening devices in special places, because they come with a technical passport for the machine. In addition, the buyer receives a warranty card.

Use of sharpening machines at home

For home the best option are considered household machines. With them it is possible to sharpen different types drilling tools. It is worth considering that for certain types of drills you will need to buy special wheels.

In order to carry out sharpening yourself, you need to choose a machine that is equipped with a universal chuck. It makes it possible to clamp parts of different sizes.

The buyer is often provided with the sharpening device:

CBN circles;
keys;
collets;
replacement parts;
lighting fixture for the workplace.

The most common devices for sharpening drills are Drill Doctor, GS. These machines are intended for sharpening drilling tools with a radius of 0.2-3.4 cm. Such equipment is unable to sharpen extremely thin objects. To do this you will need to buy a special machine.

All equipment intended for sharpening tools at home:

can work from the electrical network;
highly productive;
easy to use;
functional;
provides precise sharpening;
is inexpensive;
compact;
weighs little;
conveniently controlled. It is possible to change the intensity of sharpening and its speed.

How to make your own sharpening machine

First of all, you need to purchase a control device. It is required to check how accurately the work is done.

For drills intended for machining various metals, you need to make a different edge angle. Below is a list of machined parts and corresponding edge angles:

steel, cast iron, bronze – 115;
brass, copper – 125;
aluminum, ceramic, granite, wood – 135;
magnesium – 85;
silumin, plastic, textolite – 90.

Having familiarized yourself with this list, it is possible to make several templates and, accordingly, carry out sharpening with your own hands. The same drilling tool can be used for various parts. You just need to change the angle of the vertex of the workspace.

A simple but very effective device for sharpening a drill is the base on which the bushings are fixed various sizes. Remember that the object should not shake in the sleeve. The slightest deviation will lead to a significant decrease in the quality of drilling processing.

It is advisable to have a tube holder made of aluminum/copper. You can also make it in a block from soft material the right number holes. Mount a convenient tool rest on the grinding wheel, allowing you to move it at the required angle homemade device for sharpening drills, serving as a thrust element.

Currently, there are various drawings of sharpening devices. You can use an existing one or create your own. Do not forget that when sharpening a tool, you must not allow the drill to rotate around its own axis.

Once sharpening is complete, allow the tool to cool. Measure the accuracy of your work using a template. The edges should be symmetrical. This is especially important for small radius tools.

Using an electric drill

Some people prefer to use an electric drill, which is equipped with special attachments, as the basis for a sharpening device. Of course, the number of attachments is limited. Consequently, sharpening by hand is difficult. The set with attachments includes a stone and a leash.

If you want, you can make the nozzle yourself. This item The sharpening device must be equipped with a fastener to secure the tool.

Features of sharpening

If you decide to sharpen the tool yourself using sharpening devices, carry out the procedure according to the following algorithm:

Finish the rear. Press the tool firmly and make sure that the sharpening angle does not change. At the end of processing, the end of the tool will look like a cone.
Now sharpen the cutting surface.
At the final stage, the rear part is refined. Make sure that the jumper size does not exceed four tenths of a millimeter. Of course, for a large instrument this figure should be slightly higher.

If something doesn't work out for you, don't be upset. It is advisable to practice on drills that most likely will not be useful. The main thing is to learn the correct pressure and maintain the angle. Remember that the holes are drilled into the sides of the tool, not the tip. Therefore, the edges must be sharpened to mandatory.

Do not forget that when processing a drill, tiny particles appear. Due to heating, they fly in different directions. In view of this, safety rules must be observed. Use special glasses and gloves. In addition, make sure that the tool is securely fastened, otherwise it will fly out of your hands.

If you want to use a device for sharpening drills with your own hands, be sure to prepare work area. Make sure there is adequate lighting. In addition, do not forget to wear special gloves and safety glasses.

First of all, calculate the desired sharpening angle.
Your sharpening stand should be such that the grinding wheel is on the right side.
Perform alignment. For this big and index fingers grab the work area and hold the tail edge with your other hand.
The drilling tool must be rotated so that cutting surface was located in a parallel manner.
Don't forget to remove nicks and other imperfections.
All movements must be done in some order. For example, left hand it is necessary to move to the bottom from the left side, and the right - clockwise.

Conclusion

Purchase industrial equipment for sharpening drills is not very rational, since it is expensive. For home needs, an ordinary household machine or a sharpening device made by you is optimal.

To avoid mistakes when sharpening a metal drill yourself, you need to use a special device. This could be a household/industrial machine tool, an electric drill with a special attachment. The attachment fits directly onto the drill for sharpening drill bits. If you have not attempted sharpening before drilling tool, watch the instructional video below.

Be sure to follow safety precautions. Ignoring simple rules, failure to wear protective clothing can land you in a hospital bed. Sparks getting into the eye are no joke. There is a high probability of losing your vision completely. Agree, it is better to simply wear special gloves and safety glasses than to expose yourself to the risk of serious injury.

In principle, you can bring a dull tool into proper condition manually. But how high will the speed and accuracy be with such technology? In addition, if the drill is carbide, this is quite difficult to do. The author suggests assembling a machine for sharpening drills with your own hands, which will allow you to use them many times.

Equipment industrial production It is quite expensive - from 43,900 rubles.

True, Chinese products (for example, “GQ-D13”) can be bought for 6,800 – 7,200.

But such cheap models are unlikely to suit home handyman, considering that the case is made of plastic, and the motor power is in the range of 80 - 120 W. In addition, they can only sharpen certain types of drills, so there is no need to talk about universal use. Therefore, such machines do not count. The feasibility of making a “sharpener” with your own hands for household use more than obvious.

This article does not discuss options for manufacturing a sharpening machine based on an angle grinder (not every home has a grinder, and hardly anyone will buy it just for these purposes) or an electric drill (for which you will have to look for special accessories in stores). The simplest and most convenient option is a traditional “sharpener” made from scrap materials, which almost all of us have encountered, and more than once.

There is nothing complicated in the design of such a machine. However, there are a number of features in assembling it yourself, and this is what the author draws attention to. Having dealt with all the nuances, making an installation for “home” use will not be difficult ().

What you will need for assembly

Electric/engine

Various drills, including large diameter ones, are sharpened on the machine in everyday life. In addition, the primary processing of the cutting edges of the tool and their finishing are separate stages of work. Therefore, you will have to change the circle and install the one that is at hand from those purchased in advance. Since the machine is long-term equipment, it is necessary to install it for the future. Based on this:

engine power: about 1.2 – 1.5 kW is sufficient;
power: single-phase. Any garage or small workshop (shed) on the site, with rare exceptions, is connected to the 1ph 220/50 line. This is what we need to proceed from.

Grinding wheel

Moreover, there should be several of them, with different grain sizes. For reliable fixation abrasive, bushings are prepared on the engine shaft that clamp it on both sides.

Sharpening device

You can limit yourself to the simplest “shelf”, but then you will not be able to maintain the required angle. This type of work requires a lot of practical experience.

The device can be purchased, although it is quite rare on sale.

The best option is to make it yourself. For example, like this:

Schematic elements

Magnetic starter (with 3 pairs of contacts) for a 3-phase circuit.
Start/stop button or 2 different ones - to turn the machine on and off. And definitely the third one - emergency stop. It is often combined with a pedal, which is much more convenient and safer, since when sharpening hand drills will be busy.
Wires. With the indicated engine power, 1 “square” is enough.

The simplest connection diagrams for three-phase motors are shown in the figures:

It is easy to find an acceptable one on the Internet, depending on what kind of motor is used, how its windings are connected (“star” or “delta”), and what voltage source it will be connected to (1 or 3 phases).

Security elements

The casing is over the circle.
Screen (preferably).

There are certain types of work in which sharpening of drills is carried out only on machine equipment, and not manually.

When drilling to great depths, when a slight sharpening is required.
If the drills are universal, they allow you to work even with materials of increased density.
For making “blind” holes with a special tool.

Sharpening drills using a grinder is not recommended for several reasons. Firstly, the angle grinder is unlikely to be securely fixed. Secondly, the accuracy will be unsatisfactory. Thirdly, after such sharpening is completed, it is quite difficult to properly fine-tune the drill. Fourthly, this technique is only suitable for partially restoring the functionality of a tool with a relatively small diameter (no more than 5).

Making a machine is not everything. It must be positioned correctly to make sharpening drills as convenient as possible. The location and height of installation is a personal matter for the master. But there is general requirement– eliminate the slightest vibration of the equipment and ensure its leveling.

If the workbench in the garage is quite flimsy, you will have to mount a special table on metal legs. A large corner, pipe or channel is suitable for this. The tabletop, taking into account the weight of the machine (primarily the engine), must be durable. Thin sheet iron is not an option. The stand for the machine can also be made of wood, but of sufficient thickness. Its fastening also requires attention. It must be as reliable as possible, at all points provided on the engine frame, and only on bolts.

When deciding on the engine switching circuit, you need to provide for the possibility of changing the speed. Since you will have to work with various drills, you need to know that the harder the material of the tool, the lower the angular speed of rotation of the abrasive wheel should be.

As practice shows, not all inexperienced craftsmen understand when a drill needs sharpening. Signs indicating that the tool is dull:

grinding (sometimes “humming”) at the initial stage of drilling;
rapid heating of the metal, often accompanied by a characteristic odor.

Untimely sharpening significantly reduces the service life of the drill and is the most common cause its breakdown.

Metal drills are always hardened, but the products may become dull over time. Naturally, this is not a reason to throw them away. If you wish, you can sharpen the drill yourself using professional equipment or homemade devices.

Main types of sharpening

Experienced craftsmen know that sharpening a drill for metal can be different. depending on diameter and application features.

Single-plane sharpening is designed for drills with a maximum diameter of 3 mm. During the work process, it is possible that the edges may “paint”, so you need to be very careful. To properly sharpen the product, it should be applied to the circle and moved parallel to the surface.
The conical procedure is intended for larger metal tools. In this case, the tool must be held with both hands, performing sequential sharpening.
Finishing is carried out after finishing sharpening. Thanks to this procedure, it is possible to polish cutting edge and eliminate even the smallest nicks.

To sharpen a drill with your own hands correctly, you need to use the appropriate machines. Similar devices are divided into 2 groups.

If you are interested in the question of how to sharpen a drill for metal, then be sure to purchase the appropriate machine. Suitable for home use inexpensive model with average power. It will allow you to sharpen small drills for metal.

Naturally, when purchasing it is necessary pay attention to the noise level, as well as the design of the model. The best option It will become a simple machine, because it will not be difficult to select the necessary parts for it.

It is necessary to buy such devices only in specialized places, since a technical passport is included in the kit. Moreover, you will be given a warranty card.

Using machines at home

As mentioned earlier, it is advisable to use household machines at home. With their help it is possible to sharpen various types drills It is important to remember that for some varieties you will have to purchase the appropriate circles.

To sharpen a drill yourself, you should give preference to a machine equipped with a universal chuck. It allows you to clamp elements of various diameters.

The kit often includes:

keys;
collets;
spare parts;
lamp for the work area.

The most popular equipment is from Drill Doctor and GS. Similar products are designed for sharpening drills with a diameter of 2–13 mm and 14–34 mm. Unfortunately, this equipment does not allow you to sharpen drills that are too thin. For this purpose you will have to purchase a special machine.

All equipment designed for sharpening drills at home, has a number of advantages:

possibility of working from the mains;
high performance;
ease of use;
functionality;
sharpening accuracy;
affordable price;
compact dimensions;
light weight;
convenient control system, thanks to which you can adjust the intensity of sharpening and its speed.

Homemade sharpening devices

If you do not have the appropriate machine, you can sharpen it using other devices. We are talking about an electric drill or homemade equipment, created according to the drawing. It's best to give preference to the second option, otherwise you may ruin a lot of drills before you master proper sharpening.

You can even create a suitable device with your own hands from wood. So, a beam with holes corresponding to the diameter of the drills is fixed on a horizontal surface. The holes mentioned above are made at a slight angle to obtain the required sharpening angle.

Some craftsmen prefer an electric drill equipped with appropriate attachments. Naturally, the range of similar items is small, which makes it difficult to do the sharpening yourself. As a rule, a stone and a leash are included with the nozzles. If you plan to sharpen drill bits using a specific drill, you should immediately shorten the driver.

If you wish, you can make a similar attachment for a drill yourself, following the recommendations given in the corresponding video. Such devices must be equipped with fasteners for fixing the drill.

Features of the sharpening process

If this is your first time deciding to sharpen a part with your own hands, perform work in strict sequence.

The back surface is treated first. So, press the drill tightly and constantly make sure that the sharpening angle remains the same. As a result of processing, the tip of the drill will resemble a regular cone.
Next comes the turn of the cutting part.
The last stage involves finishing the back surface. In this case, you must make sure that the size of the jumper is no more than 0.4 mm. Naturally, for a large metal drill, this parameter should be slightly larger.

If something doesn't work out right the first time, don't despair. It's best to start practicing with tools that you're unlikely to need. The main thing is to learn how to apply pressure correctly and maintain the angle. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the side parts of the drill, and not the tip, are responsible for drilling. Accordingly, the edges must be sharpened.

It is important to remember that during the sharpening process small particles are formed. Due to heating, they fly away in the form of sparks. It is for this reason that safety precautions must be followed. We are talking about using safety glasses and gloves. Also, when sharpening, you should make sure that the drill is securely fixed. Otherwise, it may accidentally fall out of your hands.

If you decide to use an appropriate machine for sharpening, be sure to prepare workplace. In particular, we are talking about good lighting. Also need wear protective gloves and goggles.

To properly sharpen a drill with your own hands, you need take advantage suitable device . This may be household or industrial machine, as well as an electric drill with a special attachment. If you haven't tried sharpening a drill before, check out the corresponding video first.