How to choose expanded clay concrete block for construction. Selection of partition blocks

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Construction is a complex technological process in which everything should be taken into account, from the layout of the future home to interior decoration rooms. It is necessary to draw up an estimate and also decide on materials. After pouring the foundation, there are always walls, and here the question arises: what better blocks for building a house (price, technical indicators and dimensions).

Construction of walls from blocks

When choosing material for construction, first of all they look at technical specifications raw materials, and not on external attractiveness. Monolithic concrete elements are most often used in the construction of durable buildings. The types and characteristics of building blocks depend on the auxiliary components added to the solution during manufacture.

There are various blocks for building a house. Which is better, because the price, characteristics and dimensions are different for everyone? To understand this issue, we will consider each type in detail.

On at the moment The following varieties are distinguished:

• expanded clay concrete;
• aerated concrete;
• foam concrete;
• cinder blocks.

The specific weight of all options is less than 1800 kg/m³, which is very convenient when constructing walls, and the cost is quite reasonable even for budget buildings.

Expanded clay concrete

These blocks are made by adding hollow balls of foamed and fired clay to concrete. They are much lighter than other options and also have high heat and sound insulation properties. In this case, you can safely drive nails into such a structure without fear of damaging the integrity of the blocks.

The pros and cons of ceramic blocks also require careful study. TO positive aspects during the construction of houses include:

Pay attention! When using such blocks, pay attention to the material itself and where it was purchased. If the creation technology is violated, the density and geometric parameters become unstable.

When choosing expanded clay concrete structures, take into account the negative aspects of the material:

• a lightweight foundation cannot be used;
• installation of an external layer of thermal insulation is necessary to avoid the formation of cold bridges;
• if external finishing is not done, the service life is reduced to two years;
• cannot be used for foundations;
• Large dimensions increase delivery costs.

You can buy various sizes blocks. There are options that match the usual brickwork(a block 50x24.8x23.8 has a mass of 25 kg and is equal in size to 15 bricks). You can find widths of 23, 24 and 25 cm, and lengths from 25 to 51, which is very convenient for building walls at home and planning material costs.

Aerated concrete

Almost 85% of volume aerated concrete block consists of cells, so it is very light. Includes quartz sand, cement and lime, and the raw materials are diluted in ordinary water. The dimensions of the bubbles vary from 0.6 to 3 mm, they are evenly distributed.

This material has positive aspects:

• lightness, a standard unit weighs around 30 kg;
• good thermal conductivity due to its structure, it retains heat for a long time in winter and cool in summer;
• fire resistance, such material can resist fire for 3 hours;
• frost resistance (can withstand up to 25 freezing cycles);
• strength (up to 5 floors);
• ease of processing;
• environmental friendliness.

Pay attention! It is necessary to use only a special solution.

To understand what aerated concrete is for building a house would be better suited, take into account the following parameters:

• density varies (350, 400, 450, 500, 600 and 700) and is marked D;
• length 60 or 62.5 cm;
• width from 7.5 to 50 cm;
• 20 or 25 cm in height;
• density from 1.0 to 7.5 mPa;
• frost resistance 15 – 50;
• there is shrinkage up to 0.5 mm/m.

At the same time, elements with a thickness of 7.5 cm are used to insulate walls; if you need to build a utility room, 2 and 2.5 cm are enough. If you plan to use such material for load-bearing walls, then buy blocks with a thickness of at least 37.5 cm.

Related article:

. In the material we will consider what aerated concrete is, its scope of application, advantages and disadvantages, as well as dimensions and average cost.

Foam concrete

Foam concrete blocks, like aerated concrete blocks, belong to the gas silicate group. Foam concrete is divided into 4 groups based on strength:

Table 1. Marking of foam concrete

At the same time, the dimensions of the gas block for building a house also vary depending on the marking. For example, D600 and 8000 have dimensions of 20x30x60 cm, there are D600 models corresponding to 10x30x60. The size is selected based on the purposes of construction.

Related article:

In the article we will consider in detail the features of the building material, its advantages, scope of application, dimensions and average cost.

Cinder blocks

This type of material appeared a very long time ago. Having a lot of weight, it is necessary to use special equipment during the work. The dimensions are standard 20x20x40 cm. The composition contains perlite, expanded clay, processed sawdust, gravel, crushed stone and other components, and it is not necessary to contain slag.

The advantages of this material include:

• density (from 500 to 2000 kg/m³);
• frost resistance (withstands from 15 to 35 freezing temperatures);
• thermal conductivity (from 0.3 to 0.65 W/m*⁰С).

Only blocks manufactured at the factory that meet all quality standards have such indicators. Since such material can be made at home, you can get completely different characteristics.

According to the design, they are produced monolithic or with slots all the way through. Moreover, laying such elements is much more difficult than brick, since cinder blocks have irregular shape. There is also no point in covering such material with plaster during finishing.

Thus, answering the question, what are the best blocks for building a house, price and quality - cinder blocks are unlikely to be at the top of the ratings.

Blocks for building a house: which ones are better, price and characteristics

A simple way to compare materials is to compile a table with technical parameters.

Table 2. Average cost of blocks for building a house

Material	Photo	Strength (kg/cm²)	Density (kg/m³)	Thermal conductivity (W/m*S)	Frost resistance in cycles	Average cost, rub.
Aerated concrete		20-50	300-900	0,08-0,2	25	3800
Foam concrete		15-50	300-900	0,14-0,29	30	3550
Arbolit		20-50	600-900	0,12-0,25	35	4600
Expanded clay		50-250	500-1800	0,16-0,85	35	3700
Ceramics		35-50	750-800	0,14-0,29	35	4450
cinder block		35-100	500-1000	0,25-0,50	20	2800

The choice of material will primarily be based on the purpose of use. For example, aerated concrete or foam block are more often used as wall blocks for external walls. To make it easier to understand and choose, watch the video on the topic.

From expanded clay describes GOST 6133-99 “Concrete wall stones”. Exactly for this normative document Numerous suppliers of popular material refer, but not all of them can guarantee the absence of defects in the product offered. A guide to choosing expanded clay blocks, compiled by a builder with twenty years of experience, will help you avoid falling for the bait of unscrupulous sellers.

External signs of the quality of expanded clay concrete block

It only takes 3 minutes for a specialist to determine the quality of an expanded clay concrete block. Signs of non-compliance with GOST are difficult to disguise, so the first thing to do is to carefully study one, or better yet several, copies.

Geometry and overall dimensions

High-quality building blocks, as they say, are one to one. The height of all copies of the batch is equal - 18.8 cm, the same applies to width and depth. Don’t be too lazy to take a tape measure with you and measure the dimensions of the blocks. Differences in the numbers will indicate a violation of the production technology; it is possible that the composition does not meet the requirements of GOST; this also sometimes leads to excessive shrinkage or swelling of the building material.

The corners and edges must be precise, even, and not crumbling, so that the wall of blocks does not wave or warp.

Color and surface structure

The standard color of expanded clay concrete block is gray, like asphalt after summer rain. There is no yellowness on the surface, indicating an excess of sand in the original mixture, or white and black spots, which is also typical for blocks made from low-quality raw materials.

The block should not be as smooth as sand-lime brick. The structure is very rough, with clearly noticeable inclusions of expanded clay.

Weight and strength

The weight of blocks from the same batch must be the same; only a slight discrepancy is acceptable. Moreover quality material It will not be too heavy, which happens when there is an excess of sand and cement.

The strength will be indicated by the presence of chips and crumbling edges. For construction durable walls blocks that crumble before use are not suitable. Even high-quality finishing will not hide the flaws of the frame.

Conclusions

A good expanded clay concrete wall block is gray, like wet asphalt, it does not crumble, has a rough surface, meets dimensional and geometric standards and sounds correct.

It’s easy to test the sound of a block, just tap on it wrench, as in Astrakhan watermelon. The sound of the impact should be loud.

If all the tests are passed, then you can safely buy a batch of expanded clay blocks and start construction, they will not let you down. You can buy expanded clay concrete blocks on our website - you can get detailed information about the procedure for purchasing products and their delivery to the site from our managers.

Currently on the market building materials There are so many offers for the sale of expanded clay blocks that the client’s eyes run wild. Block prices can vary greatly, raising questions about the reason for the price decrease. By the way, if you are interested in the production of expanded clay concrete blocks, go to the website bloksochi.ru.

To help you understand and make the right choice when purchasing, we have conducted a survey of blocks from various manufacturers and compared their properties.

Composition of expanded clay block

A block consists of 4 elements, any of them does some functions:

Crushed expanded clay sand - increases thermal conductivity properties and makes the block “warm”. Fine-grained material combines better with cement mortar and increases the strength of the block.
Cement - increases the reliability of the block.
Sand and water - serve to “couple” the elements.
Many “garage” manufacturers, trying to offer a fairly low price, save on the components of the unit. As a rule, the quality of the blocks decreases, and construction from them will be unreliable or not even safe.

Compliance correct proportions expanded clay sand, cement, sand and water provides good quality expanded clay block.

There are several options through which manufacturers can save on unit costs.

good
poor quality
We respect our customers and recommend only good blocks that have certificates.

We recommend purchasing blocks only from well-known manufacturers, because, as everyone knows, “the greedy person pays more.” By saving on blocks, you expose yourself to the risk of the quality of your structure, its safety and reliability.

More sand, less expanded clay sand and cement.

Blocks of this type are distinguished by their “more yellow” color and heavy weight. Because the proportion of expanded clay sand and cement is reduced; such a block will not be warm and not very durable.

Often, in order to hide the excessive “yellowness” of a block, manufacturers use an organic methylene blue dye, better known as blue.

Ultramarine blue is a blue mineral paint in powder form, popular for its ability to destroy yellowness.

the appearance of such a block is no longer so sharply different from a good one. But, if with great attention If you look closely, you can see blue stains.

good
poor quality
Minimum expanded clay sand

Thanks to a large number cement, these blocks are the strongest, but not warm. Their use increases the load on the foundation itself. Also, due to their decent weight, delivery of such blocks is much more expensive.

To distinguish blocks of this type, it is enough to weigh them. The less expanded clay sand and more cement in the block, the heavier it will be. The approximate weight of a normal block is 13 kg.

good
poor quality
A lot of expanded clay sand

If a block is oversaturated with expanded clay sand, it becomes excessively brittle. There is no doubt that these are the warmest blocks, but they are not suitable for a load-bearing wall, because... can break with a simple blow from your fist.

There are also situations when the manufacturer does not save on raw materials, but vice versa. Certain managers have exceeded the standard content of expanded clay sand in their blocks.

07.03.2017

Expanded clay concrete blocks should be selected according to their characteristics. What to pay attention to: strength, hollowness, frost resistance, thermal conductivity.

Expanded clay concrete or sand cement blocks

Before choosing expanded clay concrete blocks based on their characteristics, many people think which is better: sand cement or expanded clay concrete. The advantages of the second material when constructing walls are that it has the best thermal insulation characteristics, less weight. The option with blocks mainly from cement and sand is more durable, suitable for structures under constant significant pressure: foundation, load-bearing supports, plinth. At the same time, sand-cement blocks have more weight and have worse thermal conductivity.

How many slots should there be in the block?

Based on what kind of structure is being erected and for what purposes, expanded clay concrete is chosen. Builders advise:

• The double-slit option is used for light and low one-story structures: garage, barn. The building should not have concrete floors.
• The three-slit block is a dense option with average thermal conductivity.
• Four-slit - the most common, durable, suitable for the construction of low houses - two floors, retains heat well. The latter property made this species the most popular. There is no need to insulate walls with a four-slit block. But builders advise not to neglect additional thermal insulation.

The shape of the voids is not particularly important; you need to pay attention to their volume, which affects the strength and thermal conductivity of the block.

Strength grade

The choice of brand also depends on the type of structure. M25, 35 - options for non-residential, unloaded outbuildings on one floor - barn, garage, summer kitchen. M50, 75 are suitable for private houses and dachas. These brands will withstand heavy concrete floors and a significant number of storeys - up to 10. If the thickness of the walls is 20 cm in a private house with several floors, it is better to use M75, with a thickness of 40 cm - M50.

What is the optimal weight

A cubic meter weighing 900 kg of expanded clay concrete blocks is considered a lightweight option. This expanded clay concrete is lightweight, reducing the load on the foundation, and good performance thermal conductivity (practically do not allow heat to pass through). The surface of such blocks, as a rule, is rough, and therefore requires fairly good processing, which means significant finishing costs. If it is expected external insulation walls, then the difference in thermal conductivity is approximately 1%, compared with blocks with a density of 1000 kg per m 3.

• have smooth surface- lower costs for finishing with plaster are needed;
• greater weight - the thermal inertia of the house increases, as a result - temperature changes inside the building are smoothed out, with sudden temperature changes outside.

Selection of partition blocks

Their size is 39x9x18.8 cm. They are used for the construction of all partitions in any building for any purpose. They are also divided into solid and hollow. If sand-cement blocks are suitable for cellars, basements, inspection pits - rooms with high humidity, then for residential premises best option- partitions made of expanded clay concrete. They have less weight and provide better sound insulation.

Solid ones should be used in places where increased strength is needed: during installation doorways, for walls where large-scale indoor equipment is supposed to be hung, etc. Hollow expanded clay concrete can be used to erect partitions in all other parts of the house without significant loads.