Assemble your own straw chopper and household appliances. Design features of hay and straw choppers for private farmsteads. Where to see the machine in action

Those who are engaged agriculture, they know very well how important it is to have this or that device on hand. Some units can be purchased at a specialized store, while others can be made with your own hands. This will not only save money, but also create something useful for the household. Such units also include a straw cutter. Anyone can create such a device with their own hands. The main thing is to know the principle of operation and rough plan designs.

What you need

To make a neat straw cutter with your own hands, you need to prepare all the tools and materials in advance. To work you will need:

1. Three-phase motor making 1500 revolutions per minute.
2. Sheet metal, the thickness of which is 2 mm.
3. Steel plate, 10 mm thick.
4. Sheet metal 3 mm.
5. A pipe whose diameter is 25 mm.
6. Metal strip 3 mm by 25 mm.
7. Locksmith kit.
8. Welding machine.
9. Angle grinder.
10. Drill.

Manufacturing Features

What does a straw cutter consist of? You can make not only the body, but also the knives with your own hands. For this you should use carbon steel. Knives are usually cut from old circular saw. A hacksaw blade from a metal cutting machine is also suitable. As for the body, it can be made from old barrel or a pipe with a diameter of 300 mm. To connect parts, you can use bolts and nuts, as well as electrodes.

If the electric motor makes more than 2,000 revolutions per minute, then experts do not recommend installing knives directly. It is better to create a unit equipped with a belt drive. The car will be quite powerful. With its help, it will be possible to chop not only straw, but also root crops and branches.

Where to start

So, how do you create a straw cutter with your own hands? Drawings are the first place to start. First, you need to draw the design on paper. This will avoid many mistakes. In addition, the drawings allow you to determine the dimensions of individual parts. If you have no idea how to draw diagrams, then you can search suitable model on the Internet. This will make the process much easier. After drawing up the drawing, you can begin to manufacture the feed cutter.

What does a straw cutter consist of?

Assembling such a unit with your own hands will not be difficult. The heart of such an installation is the working unit. This is a metal hopper with sharp knives rotating inside. The main thing is to securely fasten the parts. The knives are fixed on a steel disk, which, in turn, is fixed on the axis of the electric motor.

The bunker most often has the shape of a cylinder. To avoid any troubles during operation, this part of the straw cutter is made with high sides. Otherwise, you may touch the sharp knives with your hand. There is a pipe at the bottom. The crushed material is ejected through it. For greater convenience, it is located at the very bottom of the bunker and made inclined.

If desired, the body can be made low, but equipped with a lid with a hole through which straw will be supplied. The bunker is installed on a tripod. Its height should be such that the engine can be placed underneath. The motor is usually attached to the bottom using a separate plate.

As for the disk with a knife, it is very difficult to make it yourself. Therefore, the design of these parts can be arbitrary. It is also recommended to install a container near the pipe that will catch the chopped straw. In this case, you can use a plastic barrel with a hole made in the side. Otherwise, the chaff will fly away in different directions.

How does this work

A self-made straw cutter, the drawings of which are given above, is quite easy to use. To get started, turn on the electric motor. Then you need to open the lid and load straw into the hopper.

The unit will do everything itself. After loading, the finished chaff will begin to fly out of the side pipe, accumulating in a pre-installed container. After this, the finished raw materials can be used for their intended purpose.

A straw cutter from a barrel with your own hands is a simple design that can be made at home. The main thing is to follow the recommendations and assemble the unit in accordance with the drawing. It is recommended to first mark the metal and then carefully cut it according to the diagram. Corners, as well as pipes, must be of a certain length, which is also indicated in the drawing. After cutting them, you must thoroughly clean the cut areas.

The straw cutter with your own hands has certain features. The bottom must be welded to the bunker, and then the brackets. The electric motor is fixed on them. To begin with, a steel plate with pre-drilled holes is attached vertically to the brackets. Only after this can the electric motor be fixed. To strengthen the structure, gussets can be welded to the sides of the slab. That's all. Now you know how to make a straw cutter with your own hands.

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In agriculture, a hay chopper, like the hay itself, is a necessary and useful thing.

The role of the chopper on the farm

Hay is a covering material for crops, animal feed, fertilizer for any plants, and much more. With all this, most often the use of hay is necessary in a processed, crushed version. For this purpose, special hay and straw choppers are used, which effectively process raw materials from large armfuls into a fine fraction. They are fairly compact devices - crushers.

The hay chopper on the farmstead is distinguished by power, size and configuration. They can be purchased at a specialized store, and the price will be far from cheap. But after studying some important points devices, it is quite possible to make a straw chopper with your own hands, and thus save money.

What does a straw and hay chopper consist of?

Before you get to work making this device with your own hands, you need to study how the feed cutter works. The straw cutter consists of the following structural elements:

• Electric motor
• Container for loading raw materials (hay or straw). Its dimensions depend on the planned mass of raw materials for processing. To do this, take either a regular iron barrel(approximately 200 liters), which is suitable for grinding small masses, or the container is manually welded to the required dimensions.
• There are also some requirements for the container - loading straw into it must be safe, because this is where sharp knives will work. Therefore, it is desirable for this private bin to have a tall cylindrical shape. In principle, it can be low, but in this case, it is advisable to equip it with a lid with a hole where the raw materials will be loaded.
• Engine platform. This platform is a steel plate, 10 mm thick.
• Bracket for mounting the engine. In its manufacture, 5 mm metal is used.
• Chopper supports. They use metal pipes, with a diameter of 25 mm, and the height depends on the size of the engine. Most often, the support takes the form of a tripod, but you can make a design of your own.
• Shaft, knives, counter knives. In a do-it-yourself device, the shaft can be of any type, but it must be clearly balanced and even, otherwise the straw chopper will shake mercilessly, which will greatly complicate the entire processing process. Knives are welded to the shaft and counter knives behind them, and the distance between them should be minimal. This is what guarantees high-quality and fine-grained grinding. Knives must be very sharp.
• Unloading device. Here flour, hay and other crushed raw materials are unloaded from the main container. It looks like a side pipe attached to the container, but in such a way that the chopped hay flies out in a centrifugal motion. For convenience, the pipe should be inclined. It is also worth taking care in advance of the container where the chaff will end up when flying out of the pipe. You can use a regular plastic barrel by cutting a hole in the side.

Electric motor

The electric motor is the heart of the device. It underlies the entire structure because it sets it in motion. The characteristics of the engine depend on how much mass it needs to crush. The greater the mass, the more powerful it should be, accordingly. For example, for 200 liters, 2.2 - 5.5 kW is suitable, the speed is 1500 per minute. In any case, the revolutions should not exceed 2000 per minute for safe work the entire structure.

From all these elements, step by step, with your own hands, you assemble a straw cutter for chopping straw.

Manufacturing process

The most important part in the production of a grinding device is its preliminary drawings. That's where it's being built general view design, all dimensions are taken into account and calculated, and the required material and drawing are also calculated. For everyone metal elements use sheet metal 2 - 3 mm thick, excluding bracket. According to the dimensions of the drawing, metal blanks are first cut out for each structural element separately, then they are welded.

Required Tools

To make a hay and straw chopper with your own hands, you will need the following tool:

• Drill
• Grinding machine
• Locksmith kit (the standard version will be sufficient)
• Welding machine

Equipment installation

The working unit of the product is a container welded from metal, inside of which there is a disk with knives. It, in turn, is rigidly fixed to the axis of the electric motor. The first is the product body, or container. The bottom is welded to it, from below, and the bracket is welded to it. A hole is first made in the plate for the engine. Then it is securely welded to the bracket in a strictly vertical position.

Supports are welded to the container at a certain angle; they can be equipped with gussets for rigidity. It is also advisable to weld “thrust bearings” to the supports. After this, an unloading device is attached to the container.

A household electric motor is attached to the stove using bolts and screws. A disk with knives is mounted on its axis. Everything is securely fixed. After all this, the electrical unit of the system is installed. Such homemade shredder straw, if you have some skills in using metalwork tools and welding, you can make it yourself at home in one day.

You can make life easier for those involved in agriculture with the help of special devices. One of them is a straw chopper, which can be used both to prepare bedding or feed, and to create a fertilizer mixture. You can purchase it at a specialty store or make it yourself.

Hay is universal material for making:

• animal bedding;
• covering material for different crops;
• fertilizers

You can grind it to the smallest pieces either manually or using a special machine. The crusher has a fairly compact size and can be stored even in the smallest outbuilding. If you have minimal repair skills household appliances, then it’s worth making a homemade shredder. It will help you save a lot of money, since prices for agricultural equipment in stores are extremely high. During preparatory work you will need to study diagrams and drawings various models crushers for hay or straw.

Do-it-yourself straw chopper works according to elementary principle: on a rod that rotates due to the operation of a motor, there are knives that crush the plant material into small pieces. Such a mechanism is placed in a large cylindrical tank, bucket or old vacuum cleaners. The larger the capacity, the more knives will be required. Unlike machines made industrially, self-assembled crushers have low productivity. However, for those who keep 10-15 rabbits, this chopper will be enough.

Important! Try to build not only a productive machine, but also a safe one. To do this, cover the working hopper with a lid with a loading hatch.

At the bottom of the body, make an inclined pipe for supply finished products. So that you can place a container under the crushing hopper to receive the finished product, install the device on a tripod. Its height should be such that you have access to the upper part, and from below you can easily place a bucket or basin.

The great advantage of homemade crushers is that you can assemble them according to your own parameters, that is, place the hopper on comfortable height and make it the most suitable volume.

Materials

What do you need to make your own hay and straw chopper?

To begin, try to depict all the parts of the crushing device in the drawing. This will help you visualize where and how the parts of the mechanism will be located. To assemble it you will need to have on hand:

• finished electric motor;
• container for plant raw materials (can be ready-made or welded to the required dimensions);
• a lid that securely covers the working hopper;
• a steel plate one centimeter thick, which will serve as a platform for the engine;
• sheet metal for the manufacture of supports and other elements, its thickness should be about 3 millimeters;
• bracket holding the motor;
• shaft and knives of different sizes;
• side pipe.

The most important part of the device is the electric motor. It is selected according to parameters based on the volume of the tank for grinding plant materials. The more mass that can be loaded into the device at one time, the more powerful the motor is needed. If the basis for the grinding container will be regular barrel, then an engine with a power of 2.2 to 5.5 kilowatts can grind a batch of hay in it.

Important! Another motor parameter that needs to be taken into account is the speed of rotation. It should be about 1500 rpm, but do not buy motors with speeds above 2000 rpm, as the design of the crusher will be unsafe.

For small crushers experienced craftsmen take the motor from the drill along with the housing. You can also find options with motors from Soviet-made vacuum cleaners, pumps and other devices. The power unit must be connected to the shaft so that it can spin it. This must be done before installing the motor in the work hopper. Use only a balanced shaft to prevent the device from shaking during operation. You will need to secure the knives on it so that the distance between them and the counter blades is minimal.

How to assemble a straw chopper

Assembly of the device is carried out as quickly as possible, since most of the parts are already ready for use:

1. First, work is carried out on the body of the product. If the container does not have a bottom, then it is welded to it.
2. Then a bracket is welded to the bottom of the tank to hold the engine. A hole is made in the plate for the electric motor. This steel screen is welded to the bracket.
3. Build inclined supports above the engine. They should be quite tough. In the place where they adjoin the edge of the bunker, it is necessary to make an unloading device.
4. Reinstall the engine. Secure it with self-tapping screws.
5. Move the motor axis so that it is above the inclined supports.
6. Install the disc with knives on a vertical axis and securely fix them on the shaft.
7. At the last stage, install a lid on the container, place the hopper on a tripod and coat the device with special paint for metal. This will help prevent rust.

Using straw cutters you can very quickly make chaff for rabbits. The size of the finished product will depend on the distance you place between the knives, as well as on the number of discs with blades.

Important! You need to have minimal skills in working with welding machine. All work must be carried out in accordance with safety regulations.

The power of this mechanism will be sufficient for grinding not only dried plants, but also for preparing feed from fresh raw materials. Crushed plants in dried or fresh extremely useful for various animals. Even with the purchase of a new engine self-assembly This unit will cost you less than buying the device in a store.

Straw choppers can be useful on the farm, especially if you are involved in breeding and keeping livestock. You can make such a design yourself, but you can also purchase it in a store. However, the first option will undoubtedly cost much less.

Methods for making a chopper

You can make the described equipment yourself in several ways. After reviewing them, you can choose the one that is most suitable for you. Drawings of a straw chopper will help you make your choice. So, the first option for manufacturing a chopper involves using a drill. The grinding process will resemble the operation of a food processor. Here, too, you will need a cylindrical body, which serves as a simple bucket in which a well-sharpened knife is located. If you run it in a circle at a significant speed, the straw will be cut. In order to make such a unit, you should use a dual-mode drill of the Temp brand, the power of which is 850 Watts. The knife must be made of hacksaw blade. The secret lies in sharpening the knife. If these manipulations are performed correctly, the straw will not get tangled in the blade.

Such straw choppers must be made by sharpening the knife on one side. It must be positioned with the sharpened surface down.

Making a shredder from a vacuum cleaner

If you don’t have a drill available that could be used to make the device, then you can use a Typhoon brand vacuum cleaner. According to working principle this device will not differ from the previous one, but will look more attractive, in addition, the productivity of the unit will be much greater. If in the above case the straw is in a bucket where it is placed cutting blade, then now the raw material must be fed through the upper hole, while the finished substrate will exit through the lower hole, which is located in the side of the vacuum cleaner. A do-it-yourself hay and straw chopper must be made in such a way that it is possible to correct the situation in which the straw begins to scatter. This can be done by using protective casing. Of course, such an installation does not look as impressive compared to a purchased one, but it works perfectly and does not cost anything.

Straw choppers at home can be made using the same principle, but using any container. You just need to choose one that has a cylindrical shape. It could even be an old pan or a piece of pipe of suitable diameter. The unit can be equipped with a motor. You need to use one that has a power of 180 watts. It is permissible to borrow this from washing machine, which is no longer in use. To make knives, you can use an old hacksaw blade, and as stands you can prepare a rectangular profile, the dimensions of which are 15 x 15 mm.

Fastening the components of the unit

When making straw choppers, it is also necessary to prepare a bushing, which must have a height equivalent to 40 mm. It is necessary to fix knives on this element. The bushing can be prepared at

The engine, from which the pulley must first be removed, should be fixed to the container on studs, located at the bottom. In order to fix the knives, it is necessary to use water nuts, the diameter of which is 32 mm. During the manufacturing process of bushings, it is necessary to cut threads in advance to install nuts. We should not forget about the hole for the motor shaft.

To provide strong mount On the shaft, 2 holes should be made in the bushing, the diameter of which is 7 mm. You will then have to cut an M8 thread into them, which will allow you to install locking bolts. On the motor shaft with reverse side It is necessary to grind the pads to increase the strength of the bushing bolted. Having retreated 15 mm from the top of the cylinder, it is necessary to remove the edges using a grinder for this, this will allow you to form a square, the side of which should be equal to 25 mm. It is supposed to put knives on him.

Knife making

A straw chopper has its main component - knives. They can be made from a hacksaw blade, from which four blanks are cut using a grinder. In the central part of each element, a square hole should be prepared, the side of which should be equal to 26 mm. The rigidity of the original fabric will affect the width of the parts. The knives must be positioned closer to the bottom. To sharpen well cutting edges, you need to use a sharpener. The bolts that hold the bushing must be located above the blades. If it is not possible to make a hole for chopped straw, placing it under the knives, it should be made from the side. Why does a grinder come into play, which can be used to make a circle of 7 x 7.

When making a straw chopper, it is necessary to form a guide element of the body; for this, steel is used. The housing must be secured to the chopper with M3 bolts. Care must be taken to ensure that the installation platform is as stable as possible. Why does its base need to be made larger compared to top part. It must be made as functional as possible, in addition, it must be comfortable. A hay and straw chopper must have a platform that will not only support the installation, but also protect the motor. It must be fixed to the container using three M6x45 bolts. But it is preferable to cover the side edges of the platform with sheets of steel. In the racks, you need to prepare threads for installing M3 bolts, which secure the blades to the platform body.

Making a chopper from a pump

A hay and straw chopper can be made from scrap materials. In order to perform the simplest unit, you can use an Agidel brand pump; by the way, any similar electric motor will do, but you need to choose one that will be capable of delivering about 3000 rpm. In addition, it must be powered from a 220 V network. You will also need an old aluminum pan. A hacksaw designed for woodworking will also come in handy. It will be needed in quantities of several pieces, and will be needed for making knives.

When you make a straw chopper with your own hands, you need to think about how the installation will be started; for this, a button will be useful, which will be a night vision device from an old one washing machine, also prepare the plug and power cord.

A do-it-yourself straw chopper should be made in such a way that the motor is located under the pan. While the start button should be located at the rear of the platform, this will allow it to be easily reached.

Safety rules

A do-it-yourself straw chopper, the drawings of which are presented in the article, must be used extremely carefully during operation, because the design is based on sharp knives, which are considered quite dangerous, as they can cause serious damage to a person.

If you have made a device that runs on electricity, then special care must be taken so that the shredder will serve for a long time and will not cause injury. Particular care must be taken to ensure that children do not try to use the device, as this may lead to unpleasant consequences. A do-it-yourself straw chopper, the drawings of which must be reviewed before starting work, must be used only for its intended purpose.

(Last Updated On: 11/14/2017)

Hay/straw chopper (photo)

For various agricultural needs, crushed plant materials are often required - this is fertilizing for plantings, covering material for cold-resistant crops, and food for livestock. To quickly and conveniently prepare such crushed raw materials, you can use a variety of grinders, including self-made ones.

For example, you can make your own hay chopper, for which you can find many uses. At the same time, it will be many times more effective than popular grass cutters, because hay is much stiffer than ordinary grass, therefore, to work with it you need stronger knives and a more powerful power unit. That is, it will be possible to chop grass using a hay chopper, but the opposite option may not be possible.

Types of equipment for chopping hay and straw

Depending on power, performance, dimensions and, of course, price, such equipment is divided into 2 large groups:

• industrial - these are large installations designed to work with large volumes of raw materials; they are used on large livestock and farms, special choppers are also produced that are installed directly on combines, in which case the cut hay immediately turns into chopped mass;
• household - these are, as a rule, small devices, the productivity of which is sufficient to cover individual needs for chopped hay or straw; it is precisely these grinders that can be made by hand.

At the same time, regardless of the size and power of the shredders, the principle of their operation remains the same:

• the raw materials are loaded into a special bunker; a special conveyor can be adapted for this, or you can throw in the hay and break it manually. It is important to remember that the raw materials should not contain any foreign objects or solid debris;
• from the bunker, the raw materials enter a special drum, where they are chopped into small fragments;
• Then the chopped product is fed into the crusher, where it is crushed to the end.

As you can see, there is nothing complicated here, so any craftsman who knows how to handle tools and materials will be able to make a straw chopper with his own hands.

Making your own straw cutter

Hay/straw chopper drawing:

The first step is to make a project and mark the metal according to it. Then the necessary elements are cut out from the marked sheets: the bottom, the shearing deck. The housing of the receiving hopper can be made of tin or other soft metal. To make knives, you can take strong bolts, cut them to the required length and sharpen them on an emery stone. The resulting blades should be secured to the disk and also secured to the shearing deck. You also need to weld blades into the space between the cutters to throw away the chopped straw.

A hole is drilled in the bottom to remove the electric motor shaft, to which a disk with blades will be attached using a special bushing. After this, you can consider that you have made your own hay and straw chopper. If everything is calculated and done correctly, then the productivity and safety margin of such a device will be quite sufficient for the needs of a small private farm. Of course, you will have to tinker with manufacturing; if you don’t have the desire or ability to assemble the shredder yourself, you can buy a factory model, but the price of such equipment may not be the smallest, so self-production will allow you to save a lot of money.

Making a hay chopper with your own hands

The special shape of the rotor and housing has a cyclonic operating principle, which does not allow raw materials to fly out upward. The rotor has a mass of 30 kg and a diameter of 650 mm, which allows saving on energy costs. When the rotor reaches its nominal mode, it operates in flywheel mode. The knives are made of 65G Steel and have a sharp edge with a hardness of 67 HRC, which allows you to save on sharpening and balancing the machine.

The versatility of IS shredders

The future buyer can now assemble the configuration himself to suit his needs. And the plant will produce in as soon as possible. It can change the engine power, the angle of the pipe, the angle of the blades, the material of the blades. The machine is also available to order and is available in stainless steel.

Main advantages:

• Knives made of special types of steel. High wear resistance of edges;
• A wide range of output fractions depending on the design;
• Record performance unavailable to competitors at a similar price;
• Convenient cleaning and maintenance of the machine. All units are collapsible;
• High reliability and ease of maintenance;
• Direct drive of the power plant.

The warranty period is 24 months. The service life is 15 years.

*—maximum performance is indicated. For your product, please check with managers. Depending on the properties of the raw material, productivity may vary.

Equipment: grinder, 10mm sieve and, at the customer’s choice, product passport.

Don't forget to order:

• Knife - 50 rubles;
• Spare sieve - from 4000 rubles;
• Aspiration system - from 50,000 rubles;
• Stainless steel version - increase in price by 50%.

Where to see the machine in action:

1. On our official YouTube channel;
2. In the offices of the plant in Chelyabinsk, St. Petersburg;
3. At dealers in your region. If dealers do not have the car, please report this problem to the factory staff and we will send it to the dealer.

If you are in doubt about purchasing equipment, you can test the work on your raw materials in our laboratory.

The laboratory provides training on machine setup and raw material crushing technologies. The laboratory is equipped with all grinders and frequency converters.