Units of measurement used in compressor equipment. Conversion of volumetric flow units 1 m3 hour

You are faced with units of measurement such as: kgf/cm2, kPa, MPa, bar, l/min, m3/min, m3/h and so on. If you have not been engaged in the purchase of a compressor up to this point, it is quite difficult to figure it out the first time. KOMIR specialists offer to get acquainted with the units of measurement used in compressor technology and their relationship with each other.

In our country, the SI measurement system (SI) is used. The pressure in it is denoted as Pascal, Pa (Pa), one Pa (1 Pa) is equal to 1N / m2. Pascal has two derivatives: kPa and MPa:
1 MPa=1 000 000 Pa,
1 kPa=1000 Pa.
Different industries use their own units:
- mm Hg Art. or Torr - millimeter of mercury,
- atm - physical atmosphere,
- 1 at. \u003d 1 kgf / cm2 - technical atmosphere.
In countries with an English-speaking population, the unit used is pounds per square inch, i.e. PSI.

The table below shows the ratios different units measurements with each other.

Pressure in compressor equipment has two meanings: absolute pressure or gauge pressure. Absolute pressure is the pressure, taking into account the pressure of the Earth's atmosphere. Overpressure is the pressure without taking into account the pressure of the Earth. Otherwise, excess pressure is also called working or gauge pressure - the pressure value that the dial gauge shows. it is easy to see that operating pressure always below atmospheric by one unit. It is important to know this when ordering a compressor in order to correctly select the right compressor for the maximum working pressure. Operating pressure can be in the range of 8-15 bar. But there are compressors and at 40 bar they are called compressors high pressure. We will write about them later.

An industrial compressor, regardless of its type: screw, centrifugal or piston, has such a key parameter as performance. It refers to the volume of compressed air produced in a given period of time.

Simplified compressor performance is the amount of compressed air at the compressor outlet, reduced (recalculated) to the conditions at the compressor suction. Those. it's not aboutb I eat compressed air at the compressor outlet with some overpressure, this is the amount of atmospheric pressure air passed through the compressor.

A simple example to understand:

With a compressor capacity of 10m3/min and an excess (working) pressure of 8 bar, the compressor outlet will have 1.25 m3/min of compressed air up to a pressure of 8 bar (10 m3/min: 8 = 1.25 m3/min).

As a rule, this volume is measured by the following value: cubic meter per minute (m3/min). Sometimes there are other units of measurement: meter cubic hour (m3 / h), liters per minute (l / min), liters per second (l / s).

It is worth noting that in English-speaking countries, a unit of measurement is used to indicate compressor performance, called cubic feet per minute (CFM). One cubic foot per minute is equal to 0.02832 m3/min.

The compressed air at the compressor outlet contains various impurities in its composition: water vapor, mechanical particles and oil vapor. To clean it up to the required parameters Compressed air filters, compressed air dryers are used. The level of compressed air contamination is regulated by the following regulations: GOST 17433-80, GOST 24484-80, or ISO 8573.1.

I hope we managed to tell you about the units of measurement used in compressor equipment, if you have any questions, call us by phone: +7 843 272-13-24.

Consumption (volume)

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1 cubic meter per hour [m³/h] = 16.6666666666666 liter per minute [l/min]

Initial value

Converted value

cubic meter per second cubic meter per day cubic meter per hour cubic meter per minute cubic centimeter per day cubic centimeter per hour cubic centimeter per minute cubic centimeter per second liter per day liter per hour liter per minute liter per second milliliter per day milliliter per hour milliliter per minute milliliter per second gallon (US) per day gallon (US) per hour gallon (US) per minute gallon (US) per second gallon (UK) per day gallon (UK) per hour gallon (UK) per minute UK gallon per second kilobarrel (US) per day barrel (US) per day barrel (US) per hour barrel (US) per minute barrel (US) per second acre-foot per year acre-foot per day acre- feet per hour million cubic feet per day million cubic feet per hour million cubic feet per minute ounces per hour ounces per minute ounces per second imperial ounces per hour imperial ounces per minute imperial ounces per second cubic yards per hour cubic yards per minute cubic yards per second cubic feet per cubic hour feet per minute cubic feet per second cubic inches per hour cubic inches per minute cubic inches per second pounds of gasoline at 15.5°C per hour pounds of gasoline at 15.5°C per day

More about volume flow

General information

Often there is a need to determine the amount of liquid or gas that passes through a certain area. Such calculations are used, for example, when determining the amount of oxygen that passes through the mask, or when calculating the amount of liquid that passes through sewer system. The speed at which fluid flows through this space can be measured using various quantities such as mass, velocity, or volume. In this article, we will look at measurement using volume, i.e. volumetric flow.

Volume flow measurement

To measure the volumetric flow rate of a liquid or gas, the most commonly used flow meters. Below we consider various designs flowmeters, and factors influencing the choice of flowmeter.

The properties of flowmeters differ depending on their purpose and some other factors. One of important factors which should be considered when choosing a flow meter is the environment in which it will be used. For example, heavy duty flowmeters are used in an environment that is corrosive and degrades some materials, such as an environment with high temperature or pressure. The parts of the flow meter that are in direct contact with the medium are made from resistant materials to increase their service life. In some designs of flowmeters, the sensor does not come into contact with the medium, which leads to an increase in its durability. In addition, the properties of the flowmeter depend on the viscosity of the liquid - some flowmeters lose accuracy or even stop working if the liquid is too viscous. Consistency of fluid flow is also important - some flowmeters stop working properly in an environment with variable fluid flow.

In addition to the environment in which the flowmeter will be used, accuracy must also be taken into account when purchasing. In some cases, very low error rates are allowed, such as 1% or less. In other cases, the accuracy requirements may not be as high. The more accurate the flow meter, the higher its cost, so it is common to choose a flow meter with an accuracy not much higher than required.

In addition, flowmeters have limits on the minimum or maximum volumetric flow. When choosing such a flow meter, it is worth making sure that the volumetric flow in the system where measurements are made does not go beyond these limits. Also, do not forget that some flow meters lower the pressure in the system. Therefore, it must be ensured that this reduction in pressure will not cause problems.

The two most widely used flowmeters are laminar flowmeters and positive displacement flowmeters. Consider their principle of operation.

Laminar flowmeters

When a fluid flows in a confined space, such as through a pipe or through a channel, two types of flow are possible. The first kind - turbulent flow where the fluid flows randomly in all directions. Second - laminar flow, in which the particles of the liquid move parallel to each other. If the flow is laminar, then this does not mean that each particle necessarily moves parallel to all other particles. Layers of liquid move in parallel, that is, each layer is parallel to all other layers. In the illustration, the flow in pipe sections 1 and 3 is turbulent, and in section 2 it is laminar.

A laminar flow meter has a filter called flow channel. In shape, it resembles a regular lattice. In the illustration, the flow channel is labeled 2. When liquid enters this channel, it turbulent motion inside the channel becomes laminar. At the exit, it again transforms into turbulent. The pressure inside the flow channel is lower than in the rest of the pipe. This difference between the pressure inside and outside the channel depends on the volume flow. That is, the higher the volume flow, the higher this difference. Thus, it is possible to determine the volume flow by measuring the difference in pressure, as shown in the illustration. Here, the pressure is measured with one pressure gauge at the inlet of the flow channel and one at the outlet.

Volumetric flowmeters

Positive displacement meters consist of a manifold chamber through which fluid flows. When the chamber is filled to capacity, the exit of the liquid from it is temporarily blocked, after which the liquid flows freely from the chamber. To determine the volumetric flow rate, either the time it takes to fill the chamber to capacity or the number of times the chamber has been filled to capacity is measured. certain time. The volume of the chamber is known and remains unchanged, so the volume flow can easily be found using this information. The faster the chamber fills with liquid, the higher the volume flow.

Rotating mechanisms based on rotors, gears, pistons, as well as oscillating or nutting disks, are used to help fluid enter the chamber, as well as block the exit of this fluid from the chamber. Nutation is a special kind of rotation that combines vibrations and rotation around an axis. To get an idea of ​​what a disc undergoing nutation looks like, imagine two types of movement as in Figures 1 and 2 combined together. The third illustration shows a combined movement, that is, nutation.

Volumetric flow meters are more often used with liquids, but sometimes they are used to determine the volumetric flow rate of gases. Such flow meters do not work well if there are air bubbles in the liquid, since the space occupied by these bubbles is included in the total volume during the calculation, which is not correct. One solution to this problem is to get rid of the bubbles.

Volumetric flowmeters do not operate in a contaminated environment, so it is best not to use them with liquids or gases in which particles of other substances are suspended. Thanks to their design, volumetric flowmeters instantly respond to changes in fluid flow. Therefore, they are convenient to use in an environment with variable fluid flow. One of the common uses for positive displacement meters is to measure the amount of water used for domestic purposes. Such flow meters are often used in water meters installed in residential buildings and apartments in order to determine the cost of payment. utilities tenants.

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Calculations for converting units in the converter " Volume flow converter' are performed using the functions of unitconversion.org .