Sharpening disc for grinder. About diamond tools. Grinding a jammed circle

An angle grinder (angle grinder, grinder) is a tool with which it is possible to perform several types of work. In each case it is necessary to use additional accessories– special discs and attachments. Which circle should you choose in a particular case?

The sizes of discs designed for grinders can be different. Each of them has certain diameters - internal and external. The internal one is linked to the seat size of the angle grinder. For household grinders it is the same - 22.2 mm. The depth of cut or surface area to be ground depends on the outer diameter of the wheel. A larger blade produces a deeper cut. External disc diameters for grinders: 115, 125, 150, 180, 230. The circles have different thicknesses. When choosing, you need to give preference to those that are thicker. A thin disc will wear out faster.

Types of disks

What types of wheels are there for an angle grinder? Wheels for an angle grinder are classified according to the following parameters:

type of work;
the material from which the circle is made;
form;
sizes.

There are special wheels - for wood, metal, concrete, artificial and natural stone etc. The marking indicates what material the nozzle is suitable for. Each type can be suitable for several types of treated surfaces. For example, a stone cutting disc for an angle grinder cuts concrete, brick, ceramics, paving slabs etc. But it is impossible to cut or grind metal with a wheel on wood or with a nozzle on rough stainless steel. Angler grinders process, among other things, asphalt, plastic, glass, and fiberglass. If necessary, you can find special discs for an angle grinder (grinder) for porcelain stoneware, granite, reinforced concrete, marble, ceramics, tiles, bricks, and plastic. If you want to save money, it is preferable to look for a universal wheel that processes several types of materials at once.

Classification by type of work

Depending on the type of work performed, angle grinder wheels are:

Classification by material

Wheels for angle grinders are made from several different materials. Each of them has its own characteristics. Types of wheels for angle grinders:

The discs for an angle grinder can roughly be classified as support plates. They are also called support or disc discs. Plates are made of plastic or rubber. They are used in combination with some grinding, polishing, cleaning abrasive attachments, and emery wheels. The need to use a support disk must be clarified when purchasing a particular wheel for an angle grinder.

Additional options

U grinding discs For grinders, grain size plays an important role. The higher its value, the smaller the size of the abrasive particles, which means the finer the grinding:

40–80 – pre-treatment;
100–120 – leveling;
180–240 – final grinding.

Flexible diamond polishing wheel grits: 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1500, 2000 and 3000 (fine grits). The graininess is indicated by the markings on the back.

Diamond cutting discs come in four types:

Solid (“Crown”). They are designed for wet cutting only. The cutting edge is continuous. This type of circle ensures faster work completion and makes smooth cuts without chipping.
Segmental. Segmented discs have evenly spaced slots on the cutting edge directed towards the center. They divide the disk into equal parts - segments. Segment wheels are used when making dry cuts.
Combined (“Turbo”). The edge of the disk has a serrated shape consisting of inclined grooves. This type of disc is universal, suitable for dry and wet cuts.
Turbo segment. Their edge is also serrated, but divided into segments, like a segmented disk. Suitable for dry cutting. The special shape improves performance.

When cutting many types of materials (concrete, ceramics, etc.) with a grinder, large number dust. It is advisable to avoid harmful consequences for the person doing the work, as well as dust settling on surrounding objects. Therefore, the “wet” cutting technique is used. During work, make sure that the cutting edge is moistened with water, then there will be less dust.

On sale you can find wheels for angle grinders with a flange. The flange securely and quickly fastens the wheel, increases rigidity, reduces vibration, increases processing accuracy, expands the capabilities of the tool, allows you to process “dead zones” and flat corners.

Conclusion

A huge selection of wheels for different purposes for an angle grinder allows you to perform many tasks with this tool. From the assortment offered by manufacturers, you only need to select the appropriate disc diameter, material, and shape. It must be remembered that the high cost is associated with a higher strength of the wheel, which means an increase in the service life of the tool, sometimes several times.

With proper use of an angle grinder, this device becomes universal tool, which can be used to process any material. In this matter, the main factor is to choose the right attachments for the grinder.

Using a grinder, you can perform many different operations using different discs and attachments: peeling, sharpening, polishing, and also perform other types of work where you can use the rotational movement of the tool.

Types of nozzles

There are many various devices and attachments used when working with an angle grinder. Let's consider their main types, design features and applications.

Cutting discs

These are the most common attachments, of which there are many types. They can be used to process any material. Discs for metal, stone, and wood have become popular.

Cutting discs for metal vary in diameter and thickness. By diameter, you can find discs with a diameter of 115 – 230 mm in the retail chain. The thickness of the discs ranges from 1 to 3.2 mm, depending on the diameter. These dimensions also depend on the rotation speed and the load applied to them.

Discs for stone processing They differ from other types only in the abrasive materials from which they are made. The remaining parameters are similar.
Wood discs. The use of such discs is very dangerous; if you work carelessly, you can get injured. Such discs are essentially saws. It is forbidden to remove the protective casing from the angle grinder. It is better to use a disk for sawing wood with small tooth, and do not use a large feed. The best option The use of such an attachment for an angle grinder is the use of special devices for stationary fixation of the angle grinder.

Diamond blade is universal, as it can cut any material. Such attachments have gained great popularity in cutting tiles, stone, concrete and granite. For each material you can choose your own type of disc. Some models have a slotted cutting edge, others are solid, and they also come with fine or coarse diamond coating, depending on the purpose. For example, discs for cutting stone are solid, while those for cutting concrete have transverse slots and a fine coating.

By appearance It is difficult to determine what the disc is intended for, so when purchasing, you need to familiarize yourself with the characteristics of the disc indicated on the packaging.

Polishing and grinding

There are many types of such circles. They can be made of fabric, sponge, felt and with replaceable sandpaper.

To work with them, it is necessary to use special pastes with fine abrasive, as well as various liquids. Fine abrasive wheels are used for cleaning and rough grinding. The use of grinding discs makes it possible to bring the surface of any material to the desired roughness. Such grinder attachments are used for polishing car bodies.

Roughing and sharpening attachments for grinders

These disks can be divided into the following types:

Twisted rollers used for peeling stone and metal surfaces when removing old cement mortar or dried paint. The cutter consists of two steel cups. Along their perimeter there are steel wire brushes. Depending on the type of processing, the wire may have different diameters.

Grinding discs used for sharpening cutting tools and cleaning welds. Most often, such attachments are used on low-power grinders, since they are more convenient to work with such discs. Grinding discs differ from cutting models in shape and thickness. There is a recess in the middle part of the disc that allows sharpening with the flat surface of the disc. Its thickness is usually at least 5 mm.

Diamond grinding discs similar in design to grinding wheels. The difference is that the diamond disc works only with its peripheral part, on which there are cutting edges. Also, a diamond grinding disc is not suitable for metal processing. It is used for peeling stone, concrete and other similar materials. For peeling frozen cement mortar, a diamond blade will do just fine.

Grinder attachments greatly increase the functionality of the grinder. Grinders are widely used in construction and many other fields. And together with various attachments, they become universal equipment.

Wood sanding attachments

The grinder can be used for sanding wooden surface, tree cuttings. For this purpose, special types of attachments are used for certain types of work. Before starting surface treatment, it must be marked.

After grinding, circles from the disc remain on the surface. This is noticeable after covering the surface with varnish or paint. This is the peculiarity of working with an angle grinder. Therefore, it is additionally necessary to walk over the surface with sandpaper manually. When working on wood with a grinder, you need to be careful, without making much effort, do not use thin circles, and fasten them correctly.

Rough processing equipment

A disc plane can completely replace a hand plane.

For rough processing of logs during house construction and processing of fence posts, such an attachment will be an indispensable assistant.

Features of its use are:

May only be used with a grinder equipped with a second additional handle. For safety reasons, the grinder should be held with only two hands.
It is allowed to remove the protective casing, since the body of the nozzle is solid, and the likelihood of its destruction is very low. However, protection from flying chips is required: gloves, glasses, clothing.

The peeling disc is designed for removing tree bark and rough processing of the workpiece.

If you have certain skills in an array of wood, you can use such a disk to make a selection. When constructing a log house, a grinding machine with a roughing attachment is a good alternative to a conventional axe.

You can also saw a board with a roughing disc, but the width of the cut will be large and more sawdust will be generated.

Milling attachments

There are two types of such attachments: discs and cutters.

Discs are produced in different designs. Their difference is the grain size of the abrasive material.

Such abrasive discs are similar to the surface structure of a hand rasp, with the difference in processing speed. If you have the dexterity and acquired skills, such discs are used for finishing wood.

Wood cutters are available in a wide range. They differ in size, location and shape of the teeth.

The cutters are designed for:

Samples of various grooves.
Bowl carvings.
Rough edge alignment.
Sawing small pieces of wood.

Features of using cutters:

Do not remove the protective cover when working with the cutter.
It is allowed to use the cutter only for the work specified in the instructions for it, with the recommended rotation speed, and other instructions.

Sanding attachments

The main purpose of the grinder is initially grinding, as evidenced by its correct name - angle grinder. Therefore, sanding wood, as an operation, is perfectly suitable for an angle grinder. Let's look at the main attachments for an angle grinder, which are used to sand wood.

Cord brushes They are mainly used for primary sanding of wood, when it is necessary to smooth out surface unevenness.

Name end discs talks about their purpose. They are used to process the ends of wooden parts. End discs are especially suitable for processing corner cuts.

Petal attachments are used in a certain sequence of processing operations. Therefore, it is necessary to have several of them, a separate nozzle for each operation. Grinding begins with a coarse disc, then the size of the abrasive is reduced, and attachments with finer abrasive grains are installed.

Grinding wheels They are a universal accessory for the grinding machine. One wheel is enough to complete all grinding stages. Such a wheel is made of a metal base onto which wheels with different abrasive grain sizes are fixed. The discs can be easily replaced with others as they wear out; they are consumable items. The nozzle base can work for a long time.

Purpose:

Cleaning the surface before painting.
Processing of ends and edges.
Cycling of parquet floors.
Sanding wooden surfaces.

Wood polishing attachments

Wheels, discs and brushes are used to polish wood. Their working parts are made from fine sanding paper, felt, sponge and other materials.

It is prohibited to use discs from circular saw with a grinder when adjusting parts before grinding, since the grinder is a high-speed tool. In this mode of operation, the saw teeth cannot withstand long-term use and are destroyed, flying apart at high speed. This violates safety regulations.
Some circular saws are large, so craftsmen remove the protective cover, which is also very dangerous.
Frequent mode changes contribute to overheating of the electric motor of the grinding machine, so you should take breaks in operation to cool it down.
Due to the loose structure of the wood, the saw blade may jam. Therefore, there is a possibility that the grinder will break out of your hands, which can lead to injury to a person.

Wood processing with a grinder is carried out only in the form of rough processing, grinding, and other surface works. And for sawing and cutting sheet materials, it is better to use grinder attachments specially designed for this purpose.

With a grinder.

This article will orient you in the world of abrasive wheels and will help you accurately and quickly decipher symbols applied by the manufacturer.

Marking - symbols

Abrasive wheels have special markings in the form of inscriptions and/or colored marks and contain:

1. Circle type

In theory, there should be a digital designation:

1- straight profile,

41 - cutting discs,

42 - discs with a recessed center.

But in practice it will be an inscription in Russian and/or English languages: "cut-off wheel" - cutting wheel, grinding wheel - grinding wheel, flap wheel.

2. Circle dimensions

On the manufacturer’s website (see table below) it is stated as follows:

D - outer diameter,

T - height,

H - hole diameter.

However, in practice the format will usually be: outer diameter x thickness x inner diameter.

Or even something like this:

3. The material for which the disc is intended to be processed

Indicated by an inscription on a circle (“metal” or “steel” - for metal processing, “concrete” - for working with concrete), a colored mark (blue - steel, green - concrete).

Also, sometimes an additional graphic image of the material is applied, which saves us from the need to once again read the inscriptions.

On the circle shown in the picture above there is the inscription metal and an image sheet metal, metal pipe, roofing metal sheet and channel clearly demonstrate the material that can be processed.

4. The abrasive material from which the wheel is made

Symbols are available in the table below.

5. Graininess. Abrasive particle sizes

This parameter is indicated on the wheel in conventional units and indicates the abrasive fraction based on international marking standards.

There are also possible variations from one edition of GOST to another.

6.Hardness

See table below.

7. Bundle type

Bakelite, ceramics or synthetic rubber is used as a binding component.

7.1. Ceramic bond

V (K - old designation). In the case of a ceramic base, the tool has high fire-resistant, water-resistant and chemical characteristics, which qualitatively preserve the working edge. However, such a grinder disc is sensitive to mechanical shocks and bending loads. Ceramic bonded wheels are used for almost all types of grinding except roughing.

7.2. Bakelite bond

B (B is the old designation). Considering the bakelite base, I would like to note that such grinder wheels have higher rates of elasticity and resilience than their ceramic counterparts. The disadvantage of such a binder is its low resistance to alkaline components included in cooling fluids.

In addition, bakelite-based wheels are weaker than ceramic analogues in terms of adhesion to abrasive grains and, therefore, can mainly be used for flat grinding. Discs for angle grinders on a bakelite bond are used for manual work on rough abrasions or on suspended wall surfaces.

At the same time, bakelite wheels have a polishing effect. For the purpose of cutting steel products, a soft bond and a thin abrasive are used. In turn, for non-ferrous metals it is advisable to use a hard bond with a coarse abrasive.

7.3. Vulcanite bond

This is a vulcanized synthetic rubber. The abrasive wheel is marked with the letter (R). The old designation is (B). This option exotic and extremely rare.

8. Max. number of revolutions at which the disk can be used

The range varies from 6,600 to 13,300 rpm. Important parameter! If you neglect it, the circle may break into separate fragments during operation.

9. Accuracy class

AA, A and B. AA - high accuracy of geometric parameters A - Intermediate option. B - for less critical operations.

10. Manufacturer

I think no explanation is needed here.

11. Expiration date

The expiration date is applied by the manufacturer to the metal part of the mounting hole on the outside. The expiration date is the date of manufacture plus 3 years. The quarter is indicated by the letter V. The number indicates the month.

Important! Pay attention to the expiration date.

12. Safety pictograms

I guess that no one cares about them, but besides the banal “put on headphones,” something really worthwhile might be inflicted. For example, do not use for face grinding.

An example of decoding from the website of AbrazivKhimSbyt OJSC

Cutting wheel size 125mm, thickness 2mm, mounting hole 22.23mm, made using normal alumina alumina grinding grain, grit P36. On a bakelite bond with the presence of reinforcing elements.

Pivot table

4. ABRASIVE MATERIAL
ELECTROCORUNDUM NORMAL
ELECTROCORUNDUM WHITE
ELECTROCORUNDUM ZIRCONIUM
SILICON CARBIDE BLACK
SILICON CARBIDE GREEN

GOST GOSTF10 (200) F36 (50)F12 (160) F40 (40)F14 (160) F46 (40)F16 (160/125) F54 (32)F20 (100) F60 (25)F22 (80) F70 (20)F24 (80) F80 (20)F30 (63) F90 (16)

5. GRAIN
GRAIN

VERY SOFT

H, I, J (M1, M2, M3)

MEDIUM SOFT

O, P, Q (CT1, CT2, CT3)

MEDIUM HARD

VERY HARD

EXTREMELY HARD

6. HARDNESS

7. LINK
CERAMIC
BAKELITE
BAKELITE WITH AVAILABILITY REINFORCING ELEMENTS
BAKELITE WITH GRAPHITE FILLER

8. OPERATING SPEED
20; 25; 32; 35; 40; 50; 63; 80; 100 , m/s
6,600 to 13,300 rpm

9. ACCURACY CLASS

It is not necessary to remember all of the above. Bookmark this page and view it immediately before purchasing, for example from your phone.

For cutting metal in everyday life, an angle grinder (angle grinder), which is usually called a “grinder,” is often used. A consumables for grinders are cutting discs.

Depending on the intended use and the material being processed, there are the following types of grinder discs:

for metal,
on stone.

Let's consider the labeling, main sizes, main manufacturers, and also compare popular brands in terms of price-quality ratio.

Marking circles

To choose the right cutting disc for metal, it is important read its markings correctly.

IN mandatory manufacturer or brand is indicated.
The standard should have three dimensions: outer diameter (D) x thickness of the circle (T) x diameter of the mounting hole (H). In practice, only two sizes are often indicated - outer and bore diameters.
The material on which the disc is intended to work is indicated by the inscription (“metal” - for cutting metal, “concrete” - for cutting stone and concrete) and additionally by color (metal, usually blue, green - concrete). Usually the type of metal is specified with an inscription or image:
- Steel - for steels,
- Inox - for stainless steel,
- Castiron - for casting and cast iron,
- Aluminum - for aluminum and non-ferrous metals.
Circle type: 41 - flat, 42 - with a recessed center.
Based on the material of the bond, discs are divided into vulcanite and bakelite, and bakelite circles can be without reinforcing elements and reinforced with two layers of fiberglass mesh. For cutting metal, only reinforced discs are used; they are designated by the letters BU (reinforced bakelite) or Latin BF.

Important! Diamond blades are not used for cutting metal.

An example of decoding the designation

41 180×2.5×22.23 14A63H38 BU 80 m/s 2 class GOST 21963-82
41 - cutting flat;
180x2.5x22.23 - outer diameter 180 mm, thickness 2.5 mm, inner diameter 22.23 mm;
14A - normal electrocorundum (used for the manufacture of metal discs);
63 H - grit 63 (medium);
38 - sound index, corresponding to medium hardness;
BU - reinforced bakelite (reinforced);
80 m/s - maximum operating speed 80 meters per second;
2 classes - second class of imbalance;
GOST 21963-82 is the standard according to which the disk is manufactured.

Selection of cutting discs

The most common cutting wheels for metal are tool with mounting hole 22.0 and 22.23 mm. This means that it is suitable for angle grinders with a 22 mm shaft. The second standard fit size is 32 mm, but at the same time outer size the circle will be from 300 mm and a similar tool is used on machines. There are also discs with a hole of 10, 13, 16 mm, but their outer diameter is 50-100 mm and their application is limited.

Circles with a diameter of 115 used on low-power angle grinders. A metal cutting disc for an angle grinder with diameters of 125 and 150 mm is used for angle grinders of medium power. On professional instrument As a rule, cutting wheels with a diameter of 180 and 230 mm are used.

When choosing thickness are guided by the following rule: the thinner the circle, the less effort is applied to cutting, and the less time is spent, and vice versa, the thicker the disc, the more time and effort will be required. The cutting coefficient of a thin disk is no less, but it is safer to work with it. This is due to the fact that thin products have greater elasticity and bending ability than thick circles.

Correspondence of the thickness of the circles to the most common diameters.

For an outer diameter of 115 mm, the standard thickness is 1.0; 1.6; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0; 3.2 mm with a mounting hole of 22.23 mm;
For D = 125 mm, a thickness of 0.8 is provided; 1.0; 1.25; 1.6; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0; 3.2 mm and fit 13, 20, 22, 32 mm;
D = 150 mm correspond to thickness 0.8; 1.0; 1.25; 1.6; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0; 3.2 mm, and fit 13, 20, 22.23 and 32 mm;
With D = 180 mm, the fit is only 22.23 and 32 mm, thickness - 1.0; 1.25; 1.6; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0; 3.2; 4.0 mm;
The same size of the mounting hole is provided for an outer diameter of 230 mm, with a thickness of 1.6; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0; 3.2; 4.0 mm.

When choosing hardness The principle applies: the harder the material being processed, the less the hardness of the abrasive tool should be. For cutting discs Usually the hardness used is ST1, ST2, ST3 - medium-hard (O, P, Q) or T1, T2 - hard (T, S). This seemingly illogical choice occurs because the hardness of the wheel means the ability of the bond to keep the abrasive grains from chipping under the influence of the material being processed. If you choose a wheel that is too hard, the grains will become “greasy” and the cutting efficiency will be significantly reduced.

Bakelite or vulcanite?

The main difference between vulcanite bonded cutting wheels and their bakelite counterparts is that, due to the greater elasticity of vulcanite, products can have smaller thickness and greater productivity. They are used for burn-free fine cutting of metals. Vulcanite bonded wheels can also work in the presence of emulsions, but kerosene destroys them. The main disadvantage of vulcanite is its low heat resistance, only 160-200 degrees. Therefore, as the load and temperature increase, the disk begins to perform worse.

Bakelite bonded cutting wheels are more heat resistant, but long work And heating up to 250-300 degrees become brittle and spark. By the way, it is correct to install the disk on the tool in such a way that sparks fly towards you during operation. Then, if the disk is destroyed, the fragments will fly in the opposite direction from you.

Comparison by manufacturers and prices

As a result of testing of cutting wheels of the most common brands, the efficiency coefficient of the discs was determined. The wear of the tool was measured after a series of cuts, and the tensile strength was also checked, for which the circles accelerated to speed, almost twice as high as stated.

I would like to add that the market offers products from many companies, not included in this testing. Traditionally, high-quality and inexpensive wheels are produced by the Kosulinsky Abrasive Plant, the Krasnogorsk Abrasive Plant, and the Ivanovo JSC ISMA. Good reviews and the middle price category have wheels of the NORTON brand. The choice always remains with the consumer, and promotion and high prices are not at all indicators of quality.