DIY axial fan. Low noise fan. Aspects of designing a homemade fan

From time to time the need for a kind of fan arises, but small models are relatively expensive. There is no need to rush to shell out money, because a small fan can be easily made with my own hands. In terms of efficiency, it is not inferior to purchased analogues, and its creation will require minimum quantity materials.

Making a fan from a cooler

The simplest way to make a fan yourself is to use an unnecessary cooler (these are used in computers as a cooling system for components).

It is not surprising that this method is the simplest, because a cooler is a small fan. All that remains is to take a few simple steps to give it its final shape and functionality.

The cooler itself is quite functional, but you need to prepare it for non-standard way uses:

1. Wires.

If the fan is located next to the computer, a regular unnecessary USB cable will do. It needs to be cut and the insulation removed (the same with the cooler wires):

We are only interested in two wires: red (plus) and black (minus). If there are other colors in the cooler or USB cable, feel free to cut them off and isolate them, since they are absolutely unnecessary and will only get in the way.

1. Compound.

After cleaning, the wires need to be connected to each other (it is enough to twist them tightly together). Don't mix up the colors. This threatens serious complications in the process of creating a ventilator.

A length of 10 mm is sufficient for twisting. If necessary, you can clean most of the wire, this is not scary, but you will have to insulate much more.

1. Safety.

Remember that proper insulation is the key to success and a guarantee that the computer or outlet will not short out. Bare wires should be covered with electrical tape (exclusively in the absence of power), and the thicker it is, the better.

There is no particular point in explaining what threatens the fall of “minus” to “plus”. If the red and black wires come into contact while transmitting electricity, not only the USB cable/port, but also the computer components may burn out.

In principle, computers are not afraid of such moments if they are equipped with protection against voltage surges. But when a wall outlet is used, repairing the wiring in the apartment will be much more difficult than creating a small fan.

Therefore, take serious care to insulate the exposed parts of the wires. Rarely does anyone need unnecessary complications.

1. The finishing touches.

Don't forget that a computer cooler is very light, but at the same time very fast. Even with a voltage of 5 volts, its speed will be quite high. We consider this voltage for a reason: the cooler will do its job perfectly, and the operation will be as silent as possible.

Due to the small size of the device, it may fall due to vibrations. This should not be allowed for the following reasons:

• Such a cooler cannot cause lethal cuts even during operation, but there is no guarantee that the device will not jump up and fly off, for example, into the face;
• if it falls on a non-flat surface (on a pencil, pen, lighter), its blades can be damaged: fragments breaking off at such a rotation speed can cause irreparable damage;
• other unforeseen circumstances.

Therefore, it is important to secure the cooler (with tape, glue) on some more stable surface: a box, wooden block, table.

1. Additional features.

If desired, the finished fan can be updated externally, add a switch (so as not to pull out the cord every time), etc. But attention is also paid to a method that increases the efficiency of the device relatively well.

Simply cut off the top plastic bottle and glue it (with a wide hole) to the cooler frame. Thus, the air flow will be more accurate and directed: the force of air movement will become approximately 20% stronger, which is a pretty good indicator.

At this point, the creation of the fan is completed, and it is ready for full operation.

Disc fan

If the previous option does not suit you, and you want something more complex, then consider creating a fan yourself from computer disks:

1. Engine.

Since we don’t use a cooler, we need to get some kind of motor that drives the blades of our future device. In fact, you can also use the motor of the already mentioned cooler of the cooling system, but this is too simple.

You should find or buy a motor with a specific part that moves (for example, a protruding iron rod). Since we are making a fan from disks, then the presence of such a rod will the best option. Motors from an old VCR or player are also perfect, because they spin discs and cassettes - just what we need for the spinning propeller in our fan.

You should not use an engine made from washing machine or even a past fan - they are extremely powerful. Due to the self-assembly of the structure, it will be very flimsy. In the very first seconds, a strong motor will scatter fragments of blades throughout the room and fly off the base.

If there is a running motor, it must be secured with wires in the previously mentioned form.

Having a running engine in hand, you need to concentrate on the disks, which are the main components of our fan. First of all, cut one into 8 equal parts:

To avoid mistakes during the procedure, you can first mark the disc with a pencil. It is best to use a soldering iron (there will be no sharp edges, it is safer), but regular scissors will also work.

Afterwards, the disk should be slightly heated with a lighter so that the material becomes more pliable, and the wings should be bent in the manner of blades, like conventional fans:

You can do the same with regular plastic bottle:

You need to insert a wooden bottle cap into the center of our propeller. If the size is too big, it can be planed.

1. The remaining parts.

As a center holding the entire structure, you can use a regular roll sleeve toilet paper:

It should be secured in the center of the second disk, which will act as a foundation for the fan. You can place half of the second bushing on top, as seen in the photo, so that the motor is inside it. You need to hang the blades from the disk/bottle on it.

The fan is ready for operation. If desired, you can add decorative elements to make the device look more presentable.

You can see clearly how such a fan is made from a bottle in this video.

Additionally, it should be recalled that important points when creating homemade fan:

1. To fasten the parts together, you need to use high-quality “superglue”.

Exactly the one that you can’t peel off even if you want to. The entire structure must be as stable as possible and not succumb to vibrations and fluctuations. Be responsible and fill everything you see with glue except the blades and internal parts engine.

1. Take your time.

You risk missing out important detail, and this significantly increases the chances that something will go wrong during the operation of the finished fan. The consequences can be quite serious.

1. Do not use inferior components.

If you don’t need the motor that is used to create the engine, its performance may be in doubt. Make sure it will last for some time and be effective.

Building an engine from scratch is a highly specialized process and requires a lot of knowledge. Make sure that the motherboards are in order, that all necessary connections are sealed well, etc. It is better to check again than to make another fan later.

1. Insulation.

We remind you once again: do not forget about high-quality winding of wires with electrical tape. You shouldn't save it, because short circuits and repairing them will force you to sacrifice a lot of expenses. Perhaps even in a monetary sense.

The hand-held fan is quite compact, efficient and does its job well. It is not difficult to do if you take the procedure responsibly and follow the instructions. There are no restrictions on dimensions: if you feel strong, feel free to start assembling the fan larger size.

Let's make a simple fan.
You will need:
1. 3V motor
2. Section for 2 batteries of 1.5 V each. I bought it from the CHIP and DIP store.
3. Switch.
4. Wire 15 cm.
5. Reels from fishing line or ropes, a jar from Polysorb, a jar of gouache.
6. Impeller from the power supply cooler.
7. Soldering iron.
8. Thermal gun.
9. Self-tapping screws 11 pcs. 2 cm long.

1. Take spools of thread with a diameter of 5 mm and a height of 4.5 cm - from fishing line or cord.
Mark a hole for the switch with a marker and cut it nail scissors the hole is slightly smaller than the size of the switch and insert the switch into the reel:

2. Now we form the fan frame: put 3 bobbins together and mark four holes for bolts or screws with a marker on the bottom of the upper bobbins. We burn holes through the edges of two bobbins:

3. Using a lighter, melt and clear the red wire from the section with batteries and attach it to one terminal of the switch, and to the other - the second red wire. To isolate the terminals from contact with each other, fill them with hot glue:

4. We attach the red wire to the plus + of the engine, and the black wire, respectively, to the minus - of the engine:

5. The top can be made from a gouache box: on the lid with a soldering iron we form a hole for the wires and 3 holes for the screws. And on the box itself we cut a hole with nail scissors slightly smaller than the diameter of the engine and place it inside. As in the case of the switch, you can pour hot glue on the outside for reliability.

6. We place the impeller from the cooler on the plug, fill the voids with plasticine or fill it with paraffin, use a screw or an awl to make a hole in the plug, fill it with epoxy glue or hot melt glue, and place it on the engine. If this epoxy resin- leave it to dry for a day and only then turn it on!

Creating air flow with high density possible in several ways. One of the effective ones is a radial type fan or “snail”. It differs from others not only in shape, but also in its operating principle.

Fan device and design

Sometimes an impeller and a power unit are not enough to move air. In conditions of limited space, a special type of exhaust equipment design should be used. It has a spiral-shaped body that acts as an air channel. You can make it yourself or purchase it already finished model.

To form a flow, the design provides a radial impeller. It connects to the power unit. The wheel blades have a curved shape and create a discharged area when moving. Air (or gas) enters it from the inlet pipe. When moving along the spiral body, the speed at the outlet increases.

Depending on the application centrifugal fan snail maybe general purpose, heat-resistant or corrosion-resistant. It is also necessary to take into account the amount of air flow created:

• low pressure. Scope of application: production workshops, household appliances. The air temperature should not exceed +80°C. Mandatory absence of aggressive environments;
• average pressure value. It is part of exhaust equipment for removing or transporting small fraction materials, sawdust, grain;
• high pressure. Forms an air flow into the fuel combustion zone. Installed in many types of boilers.

The direction of movement of the blades is determined by the design, and, in particular, by the location of the outlet pipe. If it is located on the left side, the rotor should rotate clockwise. The number of blades and their curvature are also taken into account.

For powerful models You need to make a reliable base with your own hands to secure the body. The industrial installation will vibrate strongly, which may lead to its gradual destruction.

Self-production

First of all, you need to decide functional purpose centrifugal fan. If it is necessary for ventilation of a certain part of the room or equipment, the housing can be made from scrap materials. To complete the boiler, you will need to use heat-resistant steel or make it from stainless steel sheets yourself.

First, the power is calculated and the set of components is determined. The best option The snail will be dismantled from old equipment - an extractor hood or a vacuum cleaner. The advantage of this manufacturing method is the exact match between the power of the power unit and the body parameters. A snail fan can be easily made with your own hands only for some applied purposes in a small home workshop. In other cases, it is recommended to purchase a ready-made model industrial type or take the old one from the car.

Procedure to make a centrifugal fan with your own hands.

1. Calculation overall dimensions. If the device will be installed in a confined space, special damper pads are provided to compensate for vibration.
2. Manufacturing of the body. In the absence of finished design You can use plastic sheets, steel or plywood. In the latter case special attention is given to sealing joints.
3. Installation diagram of the power unit. It rotates the blades, so you need to choose the type of drive. For small designs, a shaft is used to connect the motor gearbox to the rotor. In powerful installations, a belt type drive is used.
4. Fastening elements. If the fan is installed on the outer casing of, for example, a boiler, mounting U-shaped plates are made. With significant power, it will be necessary to make a reliable and massive base.

This general scheme, which can be used to make a functional exhaust centrifugal unit with your own hands. It may change depending on the availability of components. It is important to comply with the requirements for sealing the housing, as well as to ensure reliable protection of the power unit from possible clogging with dust and debris.

The fan will make a lot of noise during operation. Reducing this will be problematic, since vibration of the housing during the movement of air flows is almost impossible to compensate with your own hands. This is especially true for models made of metal and plastic. Wood can partially reduce background noise, but at the same time it has a short service life.

In the video you can see the process of manufacturing a case from PVC sheets:

Review and comparison of production ready models

Considering radial fan snail, it is necessary to take into account the material of manufacture: cast aluminum body, sheet or stainless steel. A model is selected based on specific needs; consider an example of serial models in a cast case.

So, all you need to prepare is a sharp knife, electrical tape, an unnecessary USB cord and, in fact, a homemade executive body. As for the latter, it is customary to use one of two options: an old cooler from a computer or a motor from a typewriter. Next we will look at two instructions that will clearly explain how to do USB fan at home with your own hands!

Idea No. 1 – Use a cooler

As a rule, it will take no more than 15 minutes to assemble a USB fan from a cooler. First you need to prepare the cooler. There are two wires coming out of the device - black and red. Strip the insulation to 10 mm and set the prepared element aside.

Next you need to prepare the USB cable. Cut off one half of it and peel off the insulation at the cut point. Under it you will see four contacts, of which two are necessary: ​​red and black. You also clean them, but it’s better to trim the other two (usually green and white) so that they don’t get in the way.

Now, as you understand, you need to connect the prepared contacts in pairs, according to: red to red, black to black. After this, you need to carefully insulate the cable connections and make a stand. As for the stand, it’s a matter of your imagination. Some successfully use wire, some very interestingly cut out a seat in a cardboard box.

In the end, the homemade mini fan is connected to the computer, and you can enjoy the operation of your own electrical appliance.

Cooler idea

Idea No. 2 – Use a motor

In order to make a USB fan from a motor and a CD, it will take a little more time, but you can still easily make such an electrical device with your own hands in an hour.

First, we prepare all the elements of the device. In this case, you will also need an impeller (blades).

To make the impeller, we recommend using an ordinary CD. Draw it into 8 equal parts and carefully cut towards the center. Next, heat the disk (you can use a lighter), and when the plastic becomes more elastic, bend the blades (as shown in the photo).

If the impeller is not bent, no air flow will be created while the disk rotates. Here you need to use moderation so as not to overdo it.

When the blades are ready, move on to creating the main mechanism. We recommend inserting it inside the disk plastic stopper, in which you need to make a hole for the motor barrel. Carefully fix the core and move on to creating a USB fan support for the laptop.

Here, as in the previous version, everything depends on your imagination. Of all the available means, the option with wire is the most suitable. When homemade USB the fan is ready, we connect the motor wires to the cord wires, carefully insulate the twist and proceed to test work.

Visual video instructions:

Disk idea

CD idea #2

As you can see, in order to make a fan from a cooler or a motor from a machine, it does not require much time and skills in working with electrical appliances. Even a beginner can cope with this task!

The weather is getting warmer outside, it's time to think about ventilation. In this episode Roman Ursu will do bladeless fan. You can easily repeat this product with your own hands. Four pieces of cardboard are used in the product. The width must match the width of the cooler. 120 mm. A switch and power connector are built into the housing. Let's take the dimensions and make a hole according to the required diameter. You will also need a 12-volt power supply for a cooler that consumes 0.25 m. The unit is 2 amperes, so that’s enough. Upper part The Dyson fan is cylindrical in shape. This means that we draw two circles with a diameter of 15 cm. One of them is 11 cm, the other is 12 cm. To ensure that the parts stick well to the base, we take one of the walls, apply the parts, draw a line and cut them off. Now, to form the cylinders, you will need three segments with the following dimensions: 12 x 74, 12 x 82, 15 x 86 cm. We will figure out what and where to glue at the assembly stage. Let's make cuts in each wall. These will be the air channels. They look like nice legs.

Let's start assembling a beautiful bladeless fan, placing the courier in the middle. We glue each wall one by one. The wires can be removed as shown in the video. It would be nice to figure out the connection. We use a switch, so we separate one of the wires and form a circuit. The wires go to the power connector, black to minus, red to plus.

You need to connect all the previously prepared parts with your own hands. Take a ring with an internal diameter of 11 cm. It will be in front. And the segment is 12x74. We connect as in the video.

We repeat the same with the second ring and the 12 x 82 blank. To keep the rings fixed and stable, we use five small strength partitions. The length is just under 12 cm. All that remains is to close the structure.

We use the last piece of 15 x 86 cm.

Finally, we make it beautiful, remove excess glue, and cover it with paint. In general, the bladeless fan is ready.

There's a lot ahead useful homemade products, we are waiting for the warm sun to shoot the next video and show it on the channel.