How is the form of the future compound tense formed. Which verb has a simple future tense
Verbs in the future tense denote an action that will follow the moment of speech. All verbs can have this meaning. However, for perfective verbs simple (synthetic) form of the future tense, and for verbs of the imperfect tense - complex (analytical): sing - I will sing; sing - sing.
A simple future formed from the stems of the future tense of verbs perfect look with personal endings. There are 6 personal forms in the paradigm.
1l. - I will hear plural - let's hear
2l. - hear hear
3l. - will hear will hear
Forms of the simple future are used in 3 meanings: a) the future is concrete- in the spring we will plant lilacs in the garden; b) future abstract – denotes a timeless action (repetitive or action in general) - you will truly understand your land in a foreign land; wait and see; c) used in figurative meaning to refer to past events the future is historical. It is easy to detect by the presence of a particle used to or how to denote a sudden action in the past. will hold, it happened, on the strings with a bow, and freeze heart ... Ivan Ivanovich read the message and suddenly will laugh.
The future is complex have verbs imperfect form. It is formed with auxiliary verb to be in personal forms and the infinitive. There are 6 forms in the paradigm.
1l. - I'll know plural - we will know
2l. - you will know you will know
3l. - will know will know
The future complex is used in direct meaning: I will try to learn.
The concept of absolute and relative temporal value
A distinction must be made between absolute and relative time. Absolute time is determined from that moment of speech, which is the main guideline in determining the time plan: I'm back, I'm back, I'm back. But in complex sentence, where there are several verbs, the time of action is determined by other landmarks: in the main sentence, the time of action depends on the moment of speech, and therefore it has the usual ( absolute) time. In subordinate parts, the time of action is determined from the point of view of the time of action in the main part. Therefore, the time of action in the accessory parts is relative. The commander said that received report(past tense relative to the action in the main part). He said that will receive report(future tense relative to the action in the main part).
Relative is the temporal meaning of the participle forms of the present and past tense, because. it is determined by the time of another action, called the conjugated verb, and not by the moment of speech. I heard the voice of a man walking by(past relative time).
Thus, the category of time is a complex grammatical phenomenon, closely related to aspect and mood. It is one of the predicative categories, because participates in the formation predicativity(the main category of the sentence, in which the relation to reality is expressed).
The verb is closely related to the carrier of the action or the subject. Most verbs in Russian are easily combined with the subject in the nominative case (I listen, the children are sleeping, you are working). Such verbs are called personal.
1l. - I will hear
Hear 2l. - hear
3l. - will hear
Personal verbs can be used in 2 forms − personal and generic.
I know
You know etc. personal forms
Know
Knew, oh, oh generic forms
In verbs, special indicators of the face are distinguished - personal endings.
1 person (speaking) has indicators -y(in units); -im, -em(in plural): I go, we eat, we sit.
2 person (interlocutor): -eat, -eat(in units); -yet, -yet(in plural); null suffix and - and in imperative mood (go-eat, sit-ish, go-eat, sit-ite, sit down, bring-and).
3 person (person or object not participating in the dialogue): -no, -it(in units); -ut, -ut(in plural). - po-et, sid-it; po-yut, sit-yat.
Based on the opposition of personal forms, a category of person was formed. She is pure in character. grammatical or inflectional, because expressed in forms of the same verb.
This relationship finds a strict morphological expression in the personal forms of the verb.
The category of a person has developed historically. In the Old Russian language, the category of a person was universal, i.e. found in all verb forms. In modern Russian, it has become narrower, i.e. it covers only part of the verb forms.
The category of a person can be expressed not only synthetically(using personal endings), but also analytical means, which include personal pronouns, in the forms of the past tense and the subjunctive mood.
synthetic face shape analytical tools
say 1l., unit I sang
say 2n., pl. you sang
This point of view is vulnerable: it names pronouns as means of facial expression, i.e. significant words. it lexical a means of facial expression, and not a morphological one, because analytical forms are formed by combining the official and significant word.
Impersonal verbs denote actions without specifying the agent: freezing outside. Impersonal verbs cannot be combined with the subject in the nominative case. They are different in semantics:
1) can indicate the state environment: dawn, evening, frost. With such verbs, the subject is not possible at all;
2) the physical or mental state of the subject, which is possible, but only in the form of the dative, less often the genitive case: chills, pershit, fever, nausea;
3) the meaning of an involuntary action that is performed regardless of the will of the person: not sleeping, breathing easily, working;
4) the modal meaning of obligation, desirability, presumptiveness: follows, should, can not wait, it seems, want, befits;
5) message verbs: spoken, sung and etc.
Most impersonal verbs are derivative and reflexive: live, breathe.
Morphological feature of impersonal verbs - incomplete paradigm(immutability by person, number, gender). Impersonal verbs have only tense and mood forms. In the paradigm of impersonal verbs, there are 3-4 forms, depending on the aspect.
Perfect view. 1. Past tense, neuter gender, singular - upset, dawned. 2. Simple future tense, 3rd person, singular - upset, it turns out. 3. Subjunctive mood, neuter, singular - would be upset.
Imperfect species. 1-3 (it was getting light, it would be getting light, it would be getting light). 4. Present tense, 3rd person, singular - dawn.
Not all scientists distinguish a group of impersonal verbs, because. the subject with them is possible in indirect cases.
From actually impersonal verbs should be distinguished personal verbs in impersonal usage.
Personal verbs in one of their meanings can be used as impersonal. At the same time, the relationship between their values is preserved.
Earache - Earache.
The wind is blowing - blowing through the window.
Hay smells - smells like hay over the meadows
Lightning lit a tree - lightning lit a tree.
If the connection between values is broken, there is properly impersonal verb. Wed the horse is lucky - I'm lucky.
The question of the origin of impersonal verbs is controversial. Some scientists (for example, A.M. Peshkovsky) believe that they are formed from personal as a result of the removal of the subject subject from the sentence - the light is shining, the evening is getting dark. We find the opposite approach in the works of A.A. Shakhmatova. He believes that personal impersonal verbs existed in the language natively and in parallel.
Conjugation
The term "conjugation" is understood in the broad and narrow sense of the word.
AT wide In a sense, conjugation is understood as a change in the verb in persons, numbers, moods and tenses. These forms are called conjugated, a to non-conjugated relate: infinitive, participle, participle.
AT narrow sense, conjugation is a change in persons and numbers in the present and future simple tense. This understanding of conjugation is common in school practice.
All verbs, according to the formation of the forms of the present and future simple tense, are divided into 2 productive types of conjugation.
I conjugation combines verbs that have a thematic vowel in most forms - e and ending - ut, -ut in 3 persons plural.
Green: -y, -y, -eat; -eat, -eat; -et.
II conjugation combines verbs with a thematic vowel - and and ending - at, - yat in 3rd person plural.
Feed: -y, -yu, -im; -you, -you; -it.
The conjugation of verbs differs most clearly under stress: carry, carry, carry - I ref.; sit, sit, sit II ref.
With an unstressed personal ending of the verb, the type of conjugation is determined by the form of the infinitive. The second conjugation includes a small group of verbs in Russian: all verbs with the suffix -and in the infinitive (verbs in -it, Besides to shave, to lay, to sway, to build), 7 verbs with suffix -e (see, hate, offend, depend, endure, twirl, watch), 4 verbs with suffix -a (hear, breathe, drive, hold).
The remaining verbs with unstressed personal endings belong to the I conjugation.
The most extensive in Russian is the I conjugation. Most of the productive classes (I-IV) belong to the I conjugation, and the verbs of the V productive class belong to the II conjugation.
In Russian The language has a small group of conjugated verbs: want (hot-et, hot-yat), run (run-ish, run-ut), honor (th-yat, th-ut).
Some verbs keep archaic conjugation: eat, give, bother, create and others single root.
1l. eat eat
2l. eat eat
3l. eat eat
Lecture 12
PARTICIPLE AND GERMAN PARTICIPLE
How to find the tense of a verb?
A verb is a part of speech that denotes an action. Verbs change in number, person, and tense. In addition, they have conjugations, types and moods. There are three main forms of verb tense in Russian: past, present and future. Let's talk in more detail about how to understand the tenses of the verb.
Forms of expression of the future tense in English
Determine the type of the verb.
Verbs can be perfect and non-ideal. Perfect verbs indicate that the action has already been done (or will be done) and the result has been achieved. The question “what to do?” is suitable for such verbs. At perfect verbs There are only two tenses: past and future.
Non-ideal verbs can be in past, present and future tenses. They answer the question “what to do?”.
Past tense verbs.
The main signs that the verb refers to the past tense are:
suffix -l; (walked, flew) endings -a (feminine), -o (neuter) and -i (plural). Verbs male there is no ending in the past tense. Example: played, played, played, played.
In order to realize that the verb is in the past tense, it is necessary to substitute the following questions to it, depending on the gender and number:
Real time verbs.
In real time, the verb reflects the action taking place at the moment of speech. The general defining question of such verbs is:
As previously mentioned above, in real time there can only be non-ideal verbs.
The ending of the verb in real time will depend on whether it belongs to the 1st or 2nd conjugation.
Verb endings of the first conjugation.
Singular: -y, -yu (1st person); -eat (2nd person); -et (third person). Example: carry, carry, carry; read, read, read.
Plural: -em, -em (1st person); -ete, -ete (2nd person); -ut, -yut (third person) Example: we carry, we carry, we carry; read, read, read.
Verb endings of the second conjugation.
Singular: -y, -yu (1st person); -ish (2nd person); -it (third person). Example: lying, lying, lying; build, build, build.
Plural: - endings -im (1st person); -ite (2nd person); -at, -yat (third person). Example: lie down, lie down, lie down; build, build, build.
Future verbs.
Verbs in the future tense reflect an action that is planned to be done or an action that will be done in the future. Defining questions for the singular number of verbs:
Questions for plural verbs:
Non-ideal verbs in the future tense have one fascinating feature - they are transformed into compound verbs. The verb "to be" is added to the infinitive in the appropriate form. For example: I will walk, we will run, they will play.
Endings of perfective verbs of the first conjugation.
Singular: -y, -yu (1st person); -eat, -eat ( second person); -et, -et (third person). Example: I'll take it, you'll take it, I'll take it; read, read, read.
Plural: -em, -em (first person); -ete, -ete ( second person); -ut, -yut (third person). Example: take it, take it, take it; read, read, read.
Endings of perfective verbs of the second conjugation.
Singular: -y, -yu (first person); -ish (second person); -it (third person). Example: lie down, lie down, lie down; build, build, build.
Plural: - endings -im (first person); -ite (second person); -at, -yat (third person). Example: lie down, lie down, lie down; build, build, build.
Abstracts
Verbs of the future tense, complex and simple. Composite form the future tense of verbs is inherent in the verbs Verb as. which verb It has simple form future tense…. school knowledge. com is a service where users help each other with free of charge. what verb It has simple future tense. School knowledge. com is a service where users help each other with free of charge. what verb It has simple future tense. simple form future tense have perfective verbs. From the verbs you have given. Which Verbs Don't Have Present Tense Forms. Verbs Russian Language Forms of the Verb Verb. have no present tense forms. what verb has simple form of the future tense. which verb has a simple form of the future tense; call pluck get warm. Which verb has a simple future tense…. User Olga Popova asked a question in the Homework category and got 1. What is the future simple tense of a verb? Each verb has In the present and future tense forms of verbs (for what purpose? Verb tenses in Russian - Idioms in five. In Russian, there are two forms of the future tense: will it bring any result. The verb has an initial form, has two forms: simple and from the future.
The future is complex The analytical form of the future tense of imperfective verbs, formed by the conjugated form of the auxiliary verb to be (sometimes to become) and the infinitive of another verb and denoting an action that is fully related to the plan of the future, but associated with the present tense I will write. I will say rolling pins. Future time used instead of the present: a) to denote the usual, permanent result of an action. As it comes around, it will respond (proverb); b) to express the impossibility of performing an action. Do not apply water with a sieve (proverb); c) to express conjecture, uncertainty. It will be five miles before me(Turgenev); d) to designate repetitive single actions. A storm covers the sky with darkness, twisting snow whirlwinds; then, like a beast, she will howl, then she will cry like a child, then she will suddenly rustle on the roof with dilapidated straw, then, like a belated traveler, her window will knock on us(Pushkin). The future tense is used instead of the past: a) to indicate the sudden onset of an action I approached ... When she suddenly opens her eyes and stares at me(Turgenev); b) to express repetitive actions. The mother skims the marks, sees a deuce for rieo-eansh or calligraphy, and shakes her head in displeasure(Gaidar); c) to indicate past facts as future, subsequent in relation to other past ones. Old Taras will tear out a gray-haired tuft from his chuprina and curse the day and hour, which gave birth to such a son to shame(Gogol).
Dictionary-reference book of linguistic terms. Ed. 2nd. - M.: Enlightenment. Rosenthal D. E., Telenkova M. A.. 1976 .
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Present tense of the verb
Verbs are distinguished by the basis of the present tense thematic
and non-thematic. Thematic - these are verbs that have a thematic vowel between the stem and personal endings. e (I conjugation) or and (II conjugation). The thematic vowel is retained in all forms except for the 1st letter. units hours and 3rd l. plural h, for example: you carry, see; cf. 1st l. - nesou, seeyou, 3rd l. - carry, see.Verbs of I conjugation, depending on the quality of the consonants of the stem - hardness or softness - in the 1st l. units hours and 3rd l. pl. hours are divided into two groups: unmitigated conjugation and softened . Thematic verbs in the process of historical development
have undergone minor changes. book form on - shea in the 2nd l. units h. was subsequently replaced everywhere by the form on - silt. In the 3rd l. units and pl. from the 13th century in northern Russian dialects, a solid ending is established - t which became literary over time: carries, nesout, writes, write. After the loss of the dual number (by the 14th century), the verb began to be conjugated only in the singular and plural. Non-thematic - these are verbs in which personal endings are attached directly to the stem. This group includes only four verbs: being, date), ђsti, vђdђti.
In the Old Russian language there were three forms of the future tense: one
simple and two complex. The future is simple. The role of the future simple was played by the present tense from perfective verbs: come, ponesou, climb in, take However, in the Old Russian language there was no sharp distinction, as in the modern language, between the forms of the future and the present tense. Therefore, the form of the present tense from the same basis could have the meaning of either the present or the future tense. This indicates that the Old Russian language did not yet have clear norms for expressing the future tense. Category design
future tense is connected with the final distinction between the perfect and imperfect aspect.
The future is complex first expressed by the combination of the infinitive
the conjugated verb and the present tense of the auxiliary verb. the functions of the auxiliary verbs were used hotti, imti, pochAti, start. These auxiliary verbs, losing their lexical meaning, played only the role of a formal indicator of the future tense. Future difficult second consisted of participles - l- conjugated verb and auxiliary verb bowdow: bowdow wrote. This form denoted a future action, which
preceded another future, and was used mainly in conditional clauses. The future compound second fell into disuse by the 16th century.
24. History of imperative and subjunctive mood forms. Imperative mood formed from the basis of the present tense and had the singular form of the 2nd and 3rd person, in the plural and dual - the 1st and 2nd person. The imperative mood ended in antiquity not in all verbs in the same way. It depended on whether the verbs were thematic or non-thematic. Thematic verbs in the singular ended in - a. In the plural and dual of verbs I of the unsoftened conjugation, the imperative mood had the suffix - b-, and from verbs I
softened and II conjugation - suffix - and- . Non-thematic verbs in the singular ended in – b. In the plural and dual, these verbs had the suffix -and-. from the verb iesm imperative mood bodysuit. In the 1st and 2nd l. plural and dv. h. was the suffix -b-. According to the non-thematic type, the form of the 2nd l was formed. unit imperative from the verb see; see (st.-sl. see). This system imperative mood, as evidenced by the monuments, has changed significantly by the XIII century. So, in the monuments of the XIII century. the dual number is not found in the imperative mood of the verb. In the future, only the 2nd l is preserved in the imperative mood. units and plural. h. At the same time, under the influence write, praise etc. forms are beginning to be used. carry, lead instead of carry, lead. And verbs with a stem on G and X as a result of the alignment of the foundations, they lose the consequences of the second mitigation of the back-lingual ones: instead of pjci appears pecks, instead of
bђzi– bђgi etc. Since the 16th century. unstressed final -and in the 2nd l. units h is lost: bodysuit> be, get up> get up, sΔdi> sΔd. Form 2nd l. plural h. It began to be formed by adding to the singular form the ending - those: lead– lead, help– Help, get up– stand up, sit down– sit down. Forms zhzh– ђdite, give– give me have been replaced by forms eat– eat, give– give.
The subjunctive mood denotes an action that the speaker thinks is desirable or possible under certain conditions. It was expressed in the Old Russian language by a combination of conjugated forms of the aorist from be(bykh) with a participle on - l-: bykh wrote, would write etc. With the disappearance of the aorist (from about the 13th century), the aorist from the verb be in the subjunctive mood ceased to conjugate. General form for all persons and numbers becomes the form of the 2nd and 3rd l. units h. would, which turns into a particle would. Therefore, the subjunctive mood in modern Russian changes only by gender and number.
14. The composition of counting words in the Old Russian language. grammatical signs. syntactic properties. In the Old Russian language, the numeral, as a part of speech, did not exist. To express the number, counting words were used, which were a noun or an adjective. Adjectives denoting a number from 1-4; such words with were coordinated with nouns in gender, number, case (Syntax. Communication-agreement). Declined according to the pronominal declension system. The names of numbers from 5-10 acted as nouns, because had a certain gender and varied in numbers. Also fourty, one hundred, one thousand in Old Russian were
nouns that change according to different types declension Syntactic connection-control.
23. History of synthetic forms of the past tense of the verb .
In the Old Russian language there were 4 forms of the past tense verb: 2nd synthetic and 2nd analytical. The aorist and the imperfect were synthetic forms. The aorist denoted an action entirely related to the past. There were two types of aorist. From the bases of the infinitive to the vowel it was formed like this
called the ancient sigmatic aorist, from stems to consonants
formed a sigmatic thematic, or "new",
aorist. A feature of the Old Russian aorist was
the presence of one form for 2-3 persons dv. hours: pecosta, walker. Another simple past tense, the use of which in
the Old Russian language was also limited to book and literary written monuments, there was an imperfect. A specific feature of the Slavic imperfect is to actualize the moments of the present in the context of the past.
The writer (narrator), as it were, draws attention to some events that took place along with others. The imperfect was formed, as well as the aorist, from the foundations of both
types. AT Old Russian texts not only an archaic, but also a “constricted” imperfect is fixed: burden, oven, hozhah.Forms 3 persons unit. and many others. h. almost always used with the element - be, In the history of the past language, these forms have become simpler. The history of the past tense in Russian is determined by two
factors: loss of the meaning of the effective by the perfect and consolidation in the meaning of the universal past tense;
merging of species and temporal values.
But the external simplification of past tenses and the preservation of only one of them does not at all mean a simplification of temporary meanings. Those functions that were once performed by special tense forms, to a large extent, "took over" the verb form and the semantics of specific verbs, as well as the conditions of the context. Even with a cursory observation, one can find that the modern past tense "includes" the meanings that in ancient times were expressed in different forms - aorist, imperfect, perfect, pluperfect. So, aorist meanings in the text are usually expressed by perfective verbs: ran, saw, wrote, sang. Imperfective verbs are used in an imperfective sense: the forest was noisy, the dawn was engaged, we stood on the bridge for a long time. There is no unanimity among researchers regarding the time and
features of the loss of these forms. It was believed that at first the imperfect was lost, since it is no longer found in ancient business texts. Then came the loss of the aorist.
English grammar contains several possible forms of using verbs in the future tense. Each of them has its own construction laws and use cases. First, we will get acquainted with them separately, and then we will reduce all the ways of expressing the future tense into English language into one shared table.
Simple
The first category is used to designate actions that are expected to be performed in any time period. In other words, this case is suitable for phrases: “I will do it tomorrow”, “I promise to do it later”, “I will do my homework tomorrow, and then I will play”, or if we make a decision right at the moment of the conversation.
The simple future form is formed by adding an auxiliary verb will(in 1st person also used shall) to the predicate of the sentence in the form of an infinitive (without to). In writing, these combinations are often abbreviated to construction "pronoun +'ll».
We (1) + will (2) + go (3) + onholiday thissummer (4) – We're going on vacation this summer.
To turn a statement into a question, all you need to do is swap the subject with the word will/shall. Interrogative sentences in Future Simple can be schematically represented as follows:
Will (1) you (2) go (3) onholidaythissummer (4)? – Are you going on vacation this summer??
To create a negation, you need to add a particle to the verb will / shall not. In abbreviated form, the structure looks like this: won't/shan't. Consider how the simple future is expressed in all types of sentences.
Continuous
The future tense in English can have the so-called continuous form, that is, we are talking about an action, the process of which will take place at a specific moment in the future time. Such constructions are called Future Continuous. Their education is similar to the previous group, only will is added to be, and the predicate of these sentences is the participle form I.
Mike (1) will (2) be (3) stillsleeping (4) whenIcome (5) – Mike will still be sleeping when I arrive..
Sometimes there are sentences in which the circumstance of time comes first, and after it follows the standard scheme: In a week we'llbecelebratingmybrother'sbirthday (A week later we will celebrate my brother's birthday).
Questions in the future continuous are also built on the principle of making will in the first place, only between the subject and the predicate wedged be.
Will (1) Mike (2) be (3) sleeping (4) whenyoucome(5) ? Will Mike be sleeping when you come?
For creating negative form still in use not. Let's explore the options.
| + | ? | — |
| Their friends will be watching the football match tonight. | Will their friends be watching football match tonight? | Their friends won't be watching the football match tonight. |
| Their friends will be watching a football match tonight. | Will their friends watch the football match tonight? | Their friends won't be watching football tonight. |
| I' ll be still working at 6 o'clock. | Will you be still working at 6 o'clock? | I won't be working at 6 o'clock. |
| I will still be working at 6 o'clock. | Will you still be working at 6 o'clock? | I will not work at 6 o'clock. |
Perfect / Ending (Perfect / Perfect Continuous)
This group always causes difficulties, since many often do not distinguish between the meanings of these structures. Fortunately, such combinations in English are very rare. But it is still necessary to be able to understand them.
Verbs can take the Future Perfect form when the speaker plans to complete some action by the exact time specified. In this case, the construction, in addition to will and the predicate, contains another verb - have.
I(1) shall (2) have(3) painted (4) the picture by 3 o'clock (5) – Ifinishpaintpicturetothreehours.
Negative to suggestions for the future perfect tense is built using not, and to create a clarifying question, you need to put will in front, and after it the subject, have, predicate, etc.
Will (1) you(2) have (3)painted (4) the picture by 3 o'clock (5) ? – Youfinish drawingthispicturetothreehours?
As we have already noted, when studying English, meet the future tense called Future Perfect Continuous practically not necessary. Therefore, we only note that its constructions largely coincide with the tenses given above, but between have and the predicate is inserted been. By the meaning of the difference between these tenses is that the use of Perfect shows the completion of the action, and Perfect use Continuous indicates that the action has already been going on for some time and will still continue when a certain moment arrives.
I (1) shall (2) have (3) been (4) painting (5) thepicturefor3 monthsbyNovember (6) – In November it will be 3 months since I paint this picture (and it is still not completed).
Let's consider a possible expression of the future in given times using specific examples.
| + | ? | — |
| Jack says that he will have read this book by Friday. | Will Jack have read this book by Friday? | Jack won't have read this book by Friday. |
| Jack says that he will have read this book by Friday (finished reading it). | Will Jack have read this book by Friday? | Jack will not have read this book by Friday. |
| I will have been living in Prague for 10 years by next year. | Will you have been living in Prague for 10 years by next year? | I won't have been living in Prague for 10 years by next year. |
| AT next year it will be 10 years since I live in Prague (and will continue to live there). | Next year it will be 10 years since you live in Prague? | Next year will not be 10 years since I live in Prague. |
Special cases
There are several other ways to talk about the future, although they do not grammatically belong to the above groups. We are talking about constructions to be going to and Future in Past, which can also express the future tense in English.
The turn to be going to + the infinitive is used in situations where there are specific plans for the near future, i.e. the speaker is determined to do it at the first opportunity.
Jane (1) is (2) goingto (3) tell (4) herparentsthetruth – Jane is going (intends) to tell her parents the truth.
It is important to note that go, come cannot be used as a predicate in this construction. Following this rule, they are used only in the simple present tense.
Combination " The future is in the past”, as the name implies, is used when talking about long-past events. It can be translated by the phrase: would have done, should have, etc. In general, this subordinate clauses conditional. To use this construction, you need to take any sentence of the Future tenses group, and replace in it will on the would.
Future tense in English in tables
This generalized table will help you remember new material faster.
| Future | |||
| + | ? | — | |
| Simple | Subject + will + inf. She will write… |
Will + Subject + inf. Will he speak…? |
Will + not + subject + inf. We won't work... |
| continuous | Subject + will + be + adverb I I will be telling… |
Will + Subject + be + adverb I Will they be watching…? |
Subject + will + not + be + adverb I You won't be washing… |
| Perfect | Subject + will + have + part II We will have finished… |
Will + Subject + have + part II Will you have painted…? |
Subject + will + have + not + adverb II He won't have typed… |
| Perfect Continuous | Subject + will + have + been + adverb I I will have been living… |
Will + subject + have + been + adverb I Will we have been standing…? |
Subject + will + not + have + been + adverb I They won't have been spending… |
| To be going to | |||
|
A special case |
Subject + to be + going to + inf. We are going to learn… |
To be + subject + going to + inf. Are you going to run…? |
Subject + to be + not + going to + inf. She isn't going to lie... |
