All seasons in English. The name of the months in English

Today we have probably one of the easiest lessons in the section, it is dedicated to names English months. As you can see, the family resemblance of this group to French, German and even Russian is obvious:

The origin of the names of the months is quite varied. The names of the gods, and the rulers of Ancient Rome, and holidays, and even the ordinal numbers of the months in the calendar (again, ancient Roman) are mixed here. The only thing you need to remember now: since these are names and titles, then in English they should always be written with capital letter(as well as ).

Use of prepositions with months

Only 2 prepositions are used directly with the days of the week - these are IN and ON. Their closest translation into Russian is V and NA.
"In" is used when referring to the month, not the date. Example:

Abbreviations

It is strange that the topic of English abbreviations is not touched upon anywhere. month names, and the short form (short) has to be used much more often than the full one.
So, There are only three nuances here:

As already mentioned: always with a capital letter.
We shorten the name to three letters. The four-letter June and July are up to you. You can leave them whole, then it will be classic English version(British). You can remove the "extra" letter - you get the American version.
But, there is an exception: September is reduced not to 3 letters, but to 4 - September.
At the end, either put a full stop - American English, or not - British.

Often learning new foreign words It turns out that we already know them well. For example, Oktoberfest is a very popular German holiday, reminiscent of old Russian fairs, only with modern entertainment. The second part of the name "fest" is an abbreviation for the word festival. And what does the first part mean and when is this holiday held?

Test: English months

So how do you remember these words? Method from:
we propose not to memorize the names, but to memorize them in practice. For this, an original test memory was made. Most likely, you will not be able to pass it on the first attempt and you will receive a well-deserved 2. But on the second attempt, the result should be higher.
The test consists of three stages and goes from simple to complex:

Stage #1 A: The easiest part. You are offered a word in English, your task is to translate it into Russian. If you do not remember, then perhaps a hint will help, which appears after a couple of seconds.

Stage #2: We complicate the task. Now we need to do the reverse translation.

Stage #3: Listening or listening comprehension. In this step, you listen to the recording and write down the suggested word (in English). To listen again, just click on the image of the note, no points are deducted for this.

Word 0 of 0

Result 0 points

In the article, the audio material is British and American accents - audio versions:

And here I posted information on how it will be on English language

seasons in english

Winter - Winter - [ˈwintəɹ]
Spring - Spring -
Summer - [ˈsʌməɹ]
Autumn - Autumn / Brit / - [ˈɔːtəm]
Autumn - Fall - /amer/ -

Pronunciation of the Seasons - British Accent

Month pronunciation - British accent

Pronunciation of the names of the months - American accent

It will not be superfluous to listen to how to pronounce the word Months - months. The pronunciation of this word sometimes causes difficulties, because. in the composition of this word there is a hard-to-pronounce sound for Russians, the sound ‘th’.
And also, below, I posted sentences with translation using the months of the year in English.

How to pronounce Months in English

Fasten the material.
Answer the questions in English.

1. What season is now? What season is it now?
2. When is New Year? When is the New Year?
3. When is your birthday? When's your birthday?

Answer examples:

1. It's Summer. It's Spring. Now it's summer, spring.
2. In Winter. New Year in winter.
3. In Fall. My birthday is in the fall.

Offers with months of the year in English with translation

1. I'll see you in January. See you in January.
2. In February it snows a lot. There is a lot of snow in February.
3. In March it seems like it's always raining. It always seems to rain in March.
4. Last April we went to Europe. Last April we went to Europe.
5. My birthday is May 5th. My birthday is May 5th.
6. In June Summer begins. Summer begins in June.
7. In July we celebrate the birthday of America. In July we celebrate the birthday of America.
8. In August it's always so hot. August is always so hot.
9. In September we begin our school year. Our school year starts in September.
10. October is the beginning of Fall. October is the beginning of autumn.
11. November is my favorite month. November is my favorite month.
12. In December we have Christmas. We have Christmas in December.

When studying English, we come across a lot of simple everyday topics, acquaintance with which helps us to understand the interlocutor during the dialogue and not get confused when reading. The seasons in English, as well as the names of the months and are those topics that you can’t pass by when you study English. We have prepared for you several tables that will help you understand the theme of the seasons and allow you to learn the names of the months.

Table with seasons

The names of the seasons in English are closely related to what each season represents. The origin of the word winter (winter) is rooted in the Proto-Indo-European language, where wed means wet and wint is white. Spring (spring) is the time when plants appear (spring up) from under the ground. The origin of the word summer (summer) originates from the Old Norse word sumarsdag, which meant time a large number sun. The British version of autumn (autumn) comes from the Latin autumnus - autumn. The American version of autumn (fall) is associated with autumn leaf fall. To put all this information in order, we have compiled a table:

Free lesson on the topic:

Irregular Verbs English: table, rules and examples

Discuss this topic with a personal tutor on a free online lesson at Skyeng School

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Table with months

All month names in English must be capitalized. In a present tense sentence month names are used with the preposition in, unless the month name is followed by a date. The origin of the name of most English months is rooted in Greek and Roman mythology and history. And only September, October, November and December are based on numbers (7, 8, 9, 10, respectively).

Idioms and phrases related to months and seasons

In English, there are idioms on almost any topic. Seasons and names of months important topics and there are many idioms about them. We have prepared for you several set expressions about the seasons, in English with translation and Russian variants.

Video about the seasons in English:

seasons in english seasons is a relative concept. In some hot countries, the year is divided into periods such as the "rainy season" or "monsoon season". In Russia, there is a classic division of the seasons into winter, spring, summer and autumn. Historically, the name of the four seasons was also formed in the British Isles - these are:

Winter - winter

Spring - spring

Summer - summer

Autumn - autumn

Interestingly, at the time of the pilgrims who went to explore America several centuries ago, autumn sounded like fall, which is akin to the English verb of the same name meaning "to fall". Paradoxically, in the United States since the time of the first settlers, autumn has been called fall, and in the UK a new word has appeared denoting the golden time of the year - autumn.

Weather in English

Each season corresponds to a certain weather, so when studying the seasons, you need to learn how to talk about it using nouns and adjectives. In general, in the UK, the weather is one of the most popular topics in conversation, as it sometimes changes there four or five times a day. Therefore, for a beginner to learn English, mastering the "weather" vocabulary is simply necessary.

The very word weather in English - weather ["weðə] in the vast majority of cases, it is used with a certain the article the - the weather. This is due to the fact that the weather in a given place and at a given time can be only one, i.e. either it's raining or it's sunshine. Accordingly, the sentence “What is the weather like today?” - one of the most popular in English, and it means "What is the weather today?".

Seasons in English: Winter - winter

Let's start with the word winter ["wɪntə]. The words that come to mind when we hear or read a certain word constitute the so-called semantic (semantic) field of this concept. For example, the word winter is associated with words such as snow, snowfall, snowman, cold, frost, New Year, Christmas. In English, this semantic series will look like snow, snowfall, snowman, cold, frost, New Year, Christmas.

In winter, in central Russia or in Siberia, an Englishman would answer:

It is cold. - Cold.

It is frosty. - Frosty.

It is snowing. - Snowing.

To be more precise, he would say: It's cold. It's frosty. It's snowing.

Spring - spring

Let's continue to study the seasons in English with translation and transcription. Spring is spring. Let's ask our “favorite” question ‘What is the weather like today?’. Possible answers would be:

It is warm - Warmly.

It's raining It's raining.

Snow is melting - Snow is melting.

To describe all the sensations associated with spring, it will be useful to learn in English those words that usually appear in your memory in Russian. Usually with this time of year we associate such words as:

Icicle - icicle,

Green - green,

Buds - kidneys,

Bloom - bloom,

Puddles - puddles,

Birds - birds.

Summer - summer

The richest vocabulary will be required in order to describe the summer - summer. And not only because this is a favorite time of the year for many, but also because many English-speaking people live in places with a warm climate: California, Florida, Australia, South Africa ... And in the UK, sometimes winters are completely snowless. The semantic field of the word "summer" is huge, and to describe this time of year, you will need to remember a lot of words. First, these are all the colors of the rainbow:

Red - red,

Orange - orange,

Yellow - yellow,

Green - green,

Blue - blue,

Dark blue - blue,

Violet - purple.

Secondly, nouns:

Flower - flower,

Fishing - fishing,

Swimming - bathing,

Rain - rain,

Thunderstorm - thunderstorm, lightning,

Woods - forest,

Mushrooms - mushrooms.

Third, verbs:

Play - play,

Swim - swim,

Fish - to fish,

Walk - walk,

Run - run,

Jump - jump,

Dive - dive.

As well as fixed phrases:

Go swimming - swim,

Go fishing - fishing,

Go mushrooming - go for mushrooms,

Go hiking - go hiking.

The weather in English in summer is also described very differently. Question "What is the weather like today?" Expect answers like this:

It's thunderstorm. - There's a storm now.

It is hot. - Hot.

It's raining. - It's raining.

It's shower. - It's raining now.

It is raining cats and dogs. - Like a shower.

The origin of the last expression, which can literally be translated "It's raining cats and dogs," is curious. Strange translation, isn't it? But, having made a digression into history, you can find out that once there were many stray cats and dogs in London, and during heavy rains they died en masse storm sewer. In addition, the word shower has the meaning of "shower", and the expression It's shower can literally be translated "This is a shower."

Autumn - autumn

No one can remain indifferent to the gold of autumn middle lane Russia. In Siberia, she also colors the taiga in a wide variety of colors and shades. Great Britain was no exception: what are the autumn miniatures of London's Hyde Park worth ... It is autumn that is considered the most unstable season there, and during november day you can experience the change of all four seasons. In the morning, for example, a tedious autumn rain will pass, by noon a bright summer sun, two hours later, flakes of winter snow will fall from the cloud that has come up, and a little later it will scatter with spring streams.

Therefore, vocabulary of all seasons is suitable for autumn, although in London this season is especially wet, rainy and foggy.

It's wet. - Wet.

It is rainy. - It is rainy.

It's foggy. - Foggy.

The weather in English is as unpredictable as in Russian. Although this is a joke, but it lies a large share truth.

Online lesson on vocabulary and grammar

Of course, learning words and not putting them into practice is a meaningless and useless exercise. The study of the seasons in English is so relevant that the words that you learn when faced with this topic in learning will meet you more than once in a variety of ways. training materials. For example, in the online tutorial Lim English, the study of several grammatical rules is based on the vocabulary on the topic “Weather”.

The section "Names of months" in English is one of the simplest. The names of the months are varied and take names from the Julian calendar. This is a mix of the names of the gods and rulers of Ancient Rome, holidays and more. And if the names of the months are formed from the names, therefore, the months are written with a capital letter.

The ancient Roman calendar had ten months. In the Roman Republic in 708 from the founding of Great Rome, during the reign of Gaius Julius Caesar, the Julian calendar was adopted.

The Roman year began in March. Of the twelve months, ten were named and two were unnamed. The winter months of January and February were added to the calendar in 700 BC. Then January became the first month of the year.

By adding two winter months- January and February, there was a shift of the remaining months. And the autumn months and the first winter month no longer coincide with their original meaning.

Etymology of the names of the winter months

The section starts in December and the year ends. Before the adoption of the Etruscan calendar, December was the tenth month of the Romans - "decem" in Latin is ten. Therefore, literally December means the tenth. In English, the month is called "December".

AT modern world the year starts from the month of January. In English "January". The month was named after the Roman god Janus. Janus is the god of doors and passages - the beginning and the end.

Had two faces looking in opposite directions. Thus, Janus looked at the beginning and end of the year. In other words, Janus is the god of gates.

In ancient times, it was customary to clean houses and put them in order after the winter in this month, it was considered the most favorable time for cleaning the house. In English, the month of February is called "February".

Etymology of the names of the spring months

The name of the spring months is associated only with the names of the Roman gods.

March or in English "March" - the first spring month got its name in honor of the Roman god of war Mars. The Romans believed that this best month for military action.

"April" or in Russian April comes from lat. verb "aperire" - to open the coming of spring. But, there is one hypothesis that the month is named after the ancient Greek goddess and patroness of love and happiness - Aphrodite.

The ancient Romans had the goddess of spring and land affairs - Maya. So it was in honor of this goddess that the last month of spring, May, was named. And in English "May".

Etymology of the names of the summer months

The beginning of summer ends in June. June in English. It is named after the Roman goddess Juno, she is considered a symbol of marriage and family. And to this day, many nations believe that the best month for a wedding is June.

Juno herself was a married goddess. Her husband was an important person in the ancient Roman pantheon of gods - Jupiter. God of all gods. Like the ancient Greeks Zeus.

The second summer month of June is the English "Jule". Named in honor of His Majesty the Roman Emperor Gaius Julius Caesar. Because in this month Caesar was born.

The month of August or "August" is named after the first Roman governor, Emperor Augustus.

Etymology of the names of the autumn months

It remains to find out in honor of what or whom the autumn months are named. But with their origin, everything is much simpler.

We meet autumn in September or English "September". In Latin, "sept" means seven. For the ancient Romans, September was the seventh month, since the year began with the month of March.

The ancient Romans did not think about the names of October and November for a long time. October or "October" from the Latin "octo" - eight.

Therefore, November will be the ninth month of "novem" and in English will sound like "November".

The names of the English months are very consonant with Russian ones, so the memorization process should not cause big problems in memorization. Do not forget that the English capitalize the names of the months.

In Russian, a similar rule applies, but there is a small exception.

If the sentence with the name of the month contains the word “Month” itself, which is written with a capital letter, then the name will have to be written with a small letter. For example: M month m ai is named after the Roman goddess Maya.

How are the names of the months pronounced in English?

To be literate, it is enough not only to know grammar and to have a great vocabulary, but it is also important to pronounce foreign words correctly.

Name of the month in English	Transcription written using English phonetics	Transcription recorded using the Russian language	Translation of the month into Russian
January	[‘dʒæ nju(ə)ri]	[january]	January
February	[‘febru (ə)ri]	[February]	February
March		[mach]	March
April	[‘eipr(ə)l]	[April]	April
May		[May]	May
June		[june]	June
July		[julay]	July
august	[ɔ:'g Λst]	[august]	August
September		[septembe]	September
October	[ɔk'təubə]	[oktobe]	October
October		[novembre]	november
December		[disembe]	December

Use of prepositions with months

With months, as with parts of speech, prepositions are used in English. There are two prepositions that are combined with the names of the months, these are "IN", "ON".

If you want to build a statement that refers specifically to the month, and not to the date, then you should use the preposition "IN".

For example:

If you want to build an expression that will contain information about a specific date, then you must use the preposition "IN" in the construction of the sentence. For example:

English month abbreviations

In business English, it is customary to abbreviate words, including the names of the months.

The principle of abbreviation is as follows - capitalize the first three names of the month:

January	January	Jan.
February	February	Feb.
March	March	Mar.
April	April	Apr.
May	May	May - not abbreviated
June	June	June - not abbreviated
July	July	July - not abbreviated
August	august	Aug.
September	September	Sept., Sep.
October	October	Oct.
November	October	Nov.
December	December	Dec.

Name of the days of the week in English

The ancient Anglo-Saxons gave names to the days of the week. They worshiped many gods. Were pagans. It is in honor of these gods that the days of the week got their names.

Consider the days of the week and their origin:

Monday -Monday: It has direct relationship for a week in Rome. Literally translated as "Day of the Moon".
Tuesday -Tuesday: the second day of the week the ancestors of the British named in honor of the noble, strong and one-armed god Tyr. About him in English epic many songs have been sung. Tyr is considered the god of war. It was he who was worshiped by the warriors, it was to him that the fighters made sacrifices before the battles in the form of hanged men. Warriors depicted the rune of this god on swords.
Wednesday - Wednesday: Wednesday got its name in honor of the Great Odin. The ancestors of the British could not deprive the main deity of attention. Odin, like Tiru, was sacrificed before battles by hanging several men. One had incredible strength and a sharp mind. It was this god who brought the Scandinavians writing in the form of runes.
Thursday - Thursday: This day is dedicated to Thor, the son of Odin. Thor was considered the patron and protector ordinary people on the ground. He was also the patron of thunder and lightning, storms.
Friday -Friday: like the Greeks and Romans, the Scandinavians had their own patroness of love affairs and family - the goddess Frigg. Friday is named after her. Frigga was a married goddess. She was Odin's wife. She had the gift of providence.
Saturday -Saturday: This day is named after Saturn.
Sunday -Sunday: Literally translated as "sunny day", this is how the Scandinavians nicknamed Sunday. Just like the Romans believed that this day is the Day of the Sun.

Remember that it is very easy to learn the names of the months and days of the week, especially knowing their origin.