Exterior finish of the foundation of the house. Plinth cladding - the main decoration options as part of the overall exterior design (85 photos). Finishing with brick

To date, there are modern materials for foundation cladding, which are widely used and have excellent technical properties and performance.

There are several types of foundations that differ in their practicality:

Protruding plinth.
sinking.

Features and Specifications:

The height of these types of foundations can be different. In some cases, it reaches 70 cm.
The main function of the foundation is to protect the house from the penetration of cold. It must be well insulated with expanded clay and dry algae, and it will also be mandatory to make concrete pouring of the floor of the building. This applies to interior work.
The base itself is usually made of refractory red brick, which is able to retain heat and is very strong and durable.

Advice. When building a house, it is best to use a sunken plinth, as it is less exposed to weather conditions due to the fact that it is reliably protected by a protruding wall of the structure.

Materials that are used for facing the foundation of a house (basement)

At the moment, there are such materials for facing foundations:

Decorative plaster.
Decking.
Porcelain tile.
Siding.
Natural and artificial stone.
Clinker tiles and so on.
See a photo from an example of such a design of the basement.

Advice. Most importantly, the facing materials of the foundation were practical and moisture resistant.

Decorative plaster for plinth finishing

This decorative tool has been used for outdoor decoration for a long time. There are several types of it that have excellent characteristics and a wide range of surface designs.

So:

Decorative plaster is moisture resistant and is not affected by weather and climatic conditions.
It is relatively durable and does not burn. It also freely withstands temperature changes, is frost-resistant.
The application is quite simple. All actions are similar to applying a leveling layer of plaster to the surface.

Advice. When finishing the basement with decorative plaster, it is worth considering that the surface of the brick must also be pre-prepared and for better work, a special construction mesh is mounted on the brick.

For leveling, as a rule, a concrete mortar is used, which is prepared by hand from sand, cement and water. It is superimposed with spatulas of various sizes, and before lining it with decorative plaster, it will be obligatory to apply several layers of starting plaster on it, each layer of which, after complete drying, is processed with sandpaper.
Layers of decorative plaster are applied with similar tools: spatulas and using a building level to make the finish even.

Advice. To ensure that the product is securely fixed, the surface is pre-primed.

Decking in the plinth cladding

Such a facing material for the foundation, like corrugated board, has been used quite often. It is moisture resistant and does not burn. It also does not respond to changes in temperature regimes and climatic conditions.
Material characteristic:

This is due to the fact that the corrugated board is made of stainless steel, which does not corrode, and it can be used for quite a long period of time.
It has a lot of decoration on its surface. There are imitations of various kinds of brick or stone masonry and so on.

The surface itself can be:

Smooth or embossed.
Matte or glossy.
All this makes it possible to create a unique decor for the base of the building.

Installation Features:

It is mounted quite simply, and for this it will not be necessary to pre-level the surface.
By itself, corrugated board is a cold material and it will be mandatory to insulate the base with thin solid sheets of foam or polystyrene foam, which are mounted on the surface using special plastic fasteners.

Advice. It is necessary to fasten the corrugated board to the crate and it is desirable that it be made of metal profiles.

Heavy profile pipes are not used for such work, since the corrugated board does not have a large mass. The insulation is inserted into the cells of such a crate, and only after that a sheet of material is attached to it.

It is used for this:

Screwdriver and screws.
Building level, tape measure and pencil.
Hacksaw or grinder for cutting corrugated board.

It is necessary to mount sheets of material with an overlap so that moisture does not provide an opportunity to get under the finish. This can adversely affect the thermal properties of the base.

Porcelain stoneware for foundation cladding

Foundation facing materials made of porcelain stoneware are very popular. They can be in the form of tiles or panels.
Porcelain tile itself is one of the types of ceramic tiles, only with increased strength indicators. It consists of several varieties of clay and feldspar, which is the main component of natural granite.
Hence the name - porcelain stoneware.
Material characteristics:

Porcelain stoneware is moisture resistant and frost resistant. It is not affected by weather and climatic conditions, and it is not affected by fire.
It is able to retain heat well and additionally insulate the base is not required.
The thickness of the material can be different, as well as its dimensions. The most optimal parameters of porcelain tiles are 30x30 cm or 30x60 cm.
It is very convenient to work with them and in almost every case their size corresponds to the height of the base, which will make it possible to have not too much construction waste after facing the structure. Thus, much less money is spent on the material itself.
Porcelain tile is mounted on the principle of ceramic tiles. To do this, you need a concrete solution or a special glue that is designed for outdoor finishing work.

You also need:

spatula.
Building level.
Tile cutter.
Decorative putty.
Cross beacons.

Advice. If a concrete mortar is used for the installation of porcelain stoneware, then its strength can be increased with the help of special additives that are used in the manufacture of the mortar itself.

The video shows an example of installing porcelain stoneware on the plinth of a building.

Finishing the plinth with siding

The options for facing the foundation with siding are quite diverse. This is due to the fact that the material has a wide variety of design on its surface and sizes.
There are siding panels or just stripes. Everyone will be able to choose the best option for finishing the design.
Material characteristic:

The popularity of siding is ensured by its price and excellent technical performance. It is relatively strong, as it will not deform under the influence of physical or mechanical forces.
It does not perceive the effects of moisture and various weather and climatic conditions. Also, the siding does not burn, but can only melt and at the same time will not emit harmful substances into the atmosphere.
He is not afraid of frost, which makes it possible to use it in decoration even in those regions where there are very low temperature conditions in winter.
It is mounted quite simply and a wooden crate is preliminarily mounted on the surface for this.

Advice.
Since wood tends to absorb moisture well and at the same time deform its structure, after installing this type of crate, it is covered with paint or varnish. Layers of such products are able to protect the surface of the tree from the harmful effects of climatic and weather conditions.

Also in this process, the basement of the building is insulated and insulated and sheet materials are used for this, such as polystyrene foam, extruded polystyrene foam, and so on.

The siding is mounted using self-tapping screws and a screwdriver. Initially, the starting strip is attached to the crate, which will ensure smooth installation of the material.
All works of this type are quite easy and it will not be difficult to do them yourself.

Natural and decorative stone for plinth decoration

These facing materials for the foundation have similar properties and characteristics. They are very durable and can be used in decoration for a long period of time (natural agglomerate has no service life at all).
So:

The stones are moisture resistant and do not burn. They are not affected by weather and climatic conditions. They are easy to install and there is no specific instruction for such work.
The principle of work is similar to the installation of simple ceramic tiles. You will also need to level the surface with the use of concrete mortar or plaster.

Advice. If the decorative stone does not have a large mass, then the natural one is quite heavy and in order to perform its high-quality installation, it is necessary to first strengthen the surface using a reinforcing wire mesh.

It is attached to the surface of the basement and only after that layers of plaster or concrete mortar are applied to it. For the installation of the material, a concrete mortar is also used, which is resistant to weather conditions and temperature extremes.
It will also, after hardening, have greater strength than glue and thus securely fix the stone finish.
If it is necessary to make insulation and insulation from the outside on the plinth, then initially an insulating or insulating material is used, which is covered with sheets of OSB or moisture-resistant drywall, and natural or artificial stone is already attached to such surfaces.

When using drywall, preparing the surface for the installation of materials will consist in priming it.

usually protrudes above the ground. This part needs to be finished not only for aesthetic purposes, but also for practical purposes. We will look at six of the most popular options with detailed installation instructions.

The strip foundation is a concrete mix with metal or crushed stone and gravel filler. Firstly, such a surface looks unattractive, even if its edges are perfectly even. And they are rarely even - depending on what kind of formwork was used when pouring. Usually there are traces of shields and.

Based on this, we designate the tasks of finishing the basement:

it must protect the surface of the fill from and, the scorching rays of the sun and winds;
cladding hides not only all the flaws of the foundation, but also a layer;
and finally, decorative cladding should match the general and decorate the building.

The basics of self-finishing the basement of a private house

Before talking about how to sheathe the basement of a house from the outside, let's dwell on the basics. First, the installation of the cladding can be dry and wet. In the first case, the material is attached to or directly to the concrete surface using fasteners. The second option requires the installation of battens and the use of building mixtures.

The second essential point is to take into account the climate of your region.

It is important that the plinth sheathing does not absorb water and does not let it through to the surface. Another nuance - the cladding should not lose its qualities under the influence of reagents that are used in winter.

Advice! Considering the operating conditions of the facing material, its choice must be approached with all responsibility, trusting trusted manufacturers who guarantee the quality and durability of the product.

Features of the choice and use of natural stone for lining the basement

The most respectable and expensive in decoration is natural stone. Construction professionals recommend not using loose rocks, such as shell rock and limestone, to decorate the basement. They will soon lose their presentable appearance.

For this purpose, dense frost-resistant material, preferably dark in color, is suitable.

Magmatic gabbro and granite are best suited in this regard.

Important! In finishing with natural stone, an important condition is reliable sealing of joints and seams. If marriage is allowed, moisture will seep behind the cladding and destroy the base.

Features of choosing natural stone for outdoor decoration

Natural stone must match in color and texture. But besides this, there are other requirements. If the stones themselves are very heavy, they need additional fasteners for a strong fixation. It is also important to know that silicate rocks (quartzite and sandstone) are incompatible with carbonate rocks (marble, limestone). Their chemical components react with each other. The result is gradual mutual destruction.

Master class on facing the basement with natural stone

Now let's see how the whole process looks in practice.

Illustration	Action Description
	A metal mesh must be fixed on the surface of the base. It will firmly fix the solution.
	Lay the broken plinth stones on the ground first in the order you will place them on the vertical surface. Natural stone does not have two identical parts, so you need to assemble the cladding, as you assemble a puzzle.
	The details that will be below and above need to be cut off so that there is a straight line. Use for this with a special stone-cutting wheel.
	To clad the basement with natural stone, prepare a solution of sand and. The consistency should be fairly thick. It is better to wet the stones before installation.
	To form gaps between stones, insert wooden or stone chopsticks. Start laying from the bottom up.
	After the stones are firmly fixed on the plinth, remove the chopsticks and fill the gaps with mortar.

The nuances of facing the plinth with artificial stone

Artificial stone will cost you much cheaper than natural. This feature attracts a lot of developers. In addition, the artificial material has the correct geometric shapes, and this greatly simplifies the laying. All you need to do is cut the tiles a little in the corners with a grinder.

Attractive variety of shades, shapes and textures:

Such a stone has less weight compared to natural, so less mortar is required. Modern artificial materials are not inferior to natural ones in moisture resistance and durability. Their only drawback is a slightly unnatural look. But now you can find collections that can only be distinguished by closer inspection.

How to choose an artificial stone for the plinth

Don't try to buy the cheapest stuff. As a rule, its quality leaves much to be desired. It is best to use stones cast in silicone molds, they most accurately imitate the natural texture. Before paying for the lot, study the colors of the stones: the paint should not overlap with other shades. The stones should not have holes or cracks, interspersed with foreign particles.

On the inside of the stones there should be grooves for adhesion to the mortar, and the edges should have clear contours for quality joints on the wall.

Advice! Take cladding collections that have corner stones. This will greatly simplify installation.

Video instruction for finishing the basement with artificial stone

The technology for decorating the facade with artificial stone is not much different from working with natural stone. But there are some nuances, and you can learn about them in this video - how to finish the basement of a house with your own hands:

What is the finish of the basement with plastic panels under the stone

Plastic is now quite able to compete with natural materials. Modern components make it strong and durable. This material quite successfully imitates natural stone, and the ease of installation allows even a beginner to decorate the facade.

Advice! When choosing plastic panels for outdoor use, give preference to well-known brands. Cheap goods quickly fade and crumble from temperature changes.

How to make a plinth lining around the house with your own hands from plastic plinth panels - in detail in this video:

Finishing the plinth with siding and its nuances

Siding can be made from vinyl, polyvinyl chloride or propylene. All three of these varieties are suitable for plinth decoration, as they are resistant to external influences and temperature changes. There is also metal siding on sale, but it is the least suitable, as it is not resistant to prolonged exposure to moisture.

How to finish the basement of the house with siding - in detail in this video tutorial:

The use of facing tiles for the basement of the house

If you have not yet decided how to decorate the basement of the house inexpensively and beautifully, pay attention to the facing tiles. Not all tiles are suitable for outdoor use. It should have a non-porous structure that does not absorb moisture. You can choose the color and shape of the material that best matches the design of the facade.

An interesting point: it is not necessary to decorate the plinth with thick tiles. A standard thickness is enough, and you do not have to additionally strengthen the base.

The only drawback of this design is that it is not possible to additionally insulate the foundation with mineral wool. But there are other options, which we will discuss below.

Note! For outdoor tile laying, the temperature during work is important, it should not be lower than minus five degrees. Do not be fooled by the advice to use winter mortars for masonry - the tile will quickly fall off.

In the photo, options for finishing the basement of a private house with tiles:

Finishing the basement of a private house with do-it-yourself tiles

If there is a need to additionally insulate the foundation, use this master class:

Illustration	Action Description
	Fix a solid insulation on the outside of the foundation, for example, penoplex.
	Install a metal mesh on the surface of the insulation. Fasten it firmly with special fasteners.
	Start laying with corner elements. Position them with the desired gap of at least 1 cm.
	After the corners, start fixing the rest of the elements. Make light vibrating movements when pressing the tile so that the solution penetrates through the cells of the grid.
	After the masonry has become, fill the seams with mortar and decorate with a jointing tool.

Cheap and cheerful: finishing the basement of a private house with a profiled sheet

Is there an answer to the question of how inexpensively to finish the basement of the house from the outside? For budget construction, profiled sheet is an indispensable material. It will reliably protect the foundation from moisture and temperature, and also hide

An important element of the house is the plinth, which protects the lower part of the outer walls of the building. It must be made in an appropriate way, while it must have strength and resistance to various adverse factors. You should think carefully about how to finish the plinth so that it is stable and at the same time architecturally attractive. The outer walls from below are most often finished with ceramic tiles or clinker, but sometimes decorative stone and other materials are also found.

How to properly and how to veneer the basement of the house?

The basement is the upper part of the foundation wall, which is usually located above the ground at a height of 30-50 cm. This height depends on the place where the house is built, the level of groundwater and the design of the foundation. Higher plinths can be made in the construction of a foundation partially buried in the ground, in the case of a basement.

The main function of the plinth is to protect the lower part of the outer walls of the building from mechanical damage (to avoid damage to the waterproofing layer) and to preserve the walls from high humidity. Wetness can be caused by heavy rain and melting snow, which is thrown directly under the walls of the building. If properly built and properly lined with a plinth, it will protect the walls from water and will be an attractive architectural accent of the house. However, in any case, it is worth avoiding the accumulation of large snow drifts near the building.

Plinth recessed or protruding?

In most cases, typical private houses are made with a sunken plinth, which is hidden under the facade of the building. In this solution, water flowing from the façade will run off the wall, which will provide a higher degree of protection of the walls from moisture.

The decision on the type of plinth must be made already at the stage of foundation construction, in order to correctly complete the foundation and select the individual layers of the outer walls.

In the case of a sunken basement, a special profile is used that is resistant to rainwater and protects the lower part of the house from mechanical damage and moisture.

In the case of thermal insulation of external walls with mineral wool or polystyrene boards, special starter strips can also be used, located in the lower protruding part of the facade.

The protruding base is less common. However, sometimes it can be an interesting architectural element of a building. In the case of a plinth protruding from the facade of a building, its upper part must be reinforced with appropriately selected steel profiles or ceramic tiles.

It is important that a height difference of approximately 6-10% be made, which ensures a smooth outflow of rainwater without settling it on the wall (facade). In no case should the upper surface of the plinth be horizontal, without a slope, as this will quickly lead to dampness of the walls and damage to the facade at the point of its connection with the plinth.

If we want to line the entire plinth with decorative stone, we must choose its thickness correctly so that an appropriate water drain can be carried out.

The protection of the upper surface of the base should protrude by about 2-5 cm, which will ensure that rainwater runs off the surface without causing dampness in the wall.

The least rare are plinths that are made flush with the wall, that is, in the same plane with it or a flat facade to the ground. Such solutions have to be designed individually and require a very precise selection of all materials. It is important in this case, the proper execution of all connections of the facade cladding and the choice of durable and frost-resistant materials.

Ceramic tiles or clinker tiles are a fairly common basement material. In this case, the parameters of frost resistance of the finishing material are very important.

Make sure the tiles have sufficient resistance to low temperatures in winter and have a water absorption of no more than 8% (for ceramic tiles). Materials that do not meet these requirements may be too fragile for finishing.

Ceramic and clinker tiles can be especially useful in the case of finishing the plinth, which protrudes in relation to the plane of the facade of the building. Available in various thicknesses, shapes and designs.

For the strength of the plinth, the right choice of adhesive is even more important. In this case, it is imperative to use a high-quality elastic and frost-resistant adhesive so that individual tiles or even entire arrays do not peel off. The tiles must be glued to the plastered surface. Before gluing, it is recommended to lay a special mesh, which will increase the elasticity of the entire structure.

It is also imperative that the grout used is resistant to water and frost. In the case of clinker tiles, it is necessary to use glue and grout specially designed for clinker, which protect against the so-called fading (white spots on the surface of the clinker). Adhesives and grouts are also available on the market, available in a variety of colors, allowing you to choose the color of your tile grout.

If you want to tile the plinth of your house, you have a very wide range of colors and patterns, which allows you to match the finish in relation to the facade of the building.

An important advantage of a tile or clinker finish is that such a surface is easy to keep clean, clean and wash without damage. Tiles are also resistant to mechanical damage, although to a lesser extent than surfaces finished with natural stone (which are more durable than ceramic or clinker).

If you want to clad the plinth with stone, keep in mind that this is a very laborious and therefore more expensive method than finishing with ceramic tiles or base plaster. This is due to the fact that the correct choice of stone is necessary in order to be able to maintain an approximately equal joint thickness over the entire surface.

To perform this type of finish is usually used:

large pebbles, although in this case there are difficulties in selecting flat stones close to each other in size;
chipped stone;
stone tiles.

Natural stone tiles are characterized by a very spectacular outer surface.

Stone tiles and stone are characterized by good rainwater drainage properties and the ability to easily keep the surface clean. The stone is also very resistant to mechanical damage, which will provide good protection of the thermal insulation and the lower part of the outer walls from moisture.

Due to the high labor intensity, finishing the plinth with natural stone is a relatively expensive solution. In addition, it is worth making sure that this type of finish will look harmonious with the architecture of the rest of the house (stone is not always suitable for modern-style houses). In order to save money, the plinth is often finished with stone-like panels that imitate the pattern and pattern of natural stone.

There is also the possibility of finishing the surface of the plinth with plaster. For this purpose, acrylic and mineral plasters are used. Despite the fact that both types of plaster masses can be used for external walls, it is still not recommended to use acrylic plaster.

Acrylic and mineral plasters differ significantly in price (not in favor of mineral ones), but when choosing, you should not take into account only the price criterion.

Acrylic plasters come in a much wider range of colors and can also be painted without any major problems in any chosen color. In the case of mineral plasters available on the market, the choice of color is more limited.

A few years ago, mineral plasters were sold as a dry mixture, which had to be diluted with the required amount of water. In the absence of experience, it is not always possible to make the right solution. Now, however, they are available on the market in ready-made masses, which allows them to be applied directly from the container to the walls, as is the case with acrylic plasters. These masses are more expensive than dry mixes, but after adding the cost of labor, it often turns out that the cost will be the same. Finished masses do not require as long drying and water protection as dry plasters, which often require protection for about 3-5 days.

Mineral plasters are more durable than acrylic ones. However, it should be noted that no plaster will be as resistant to impacts and dents as ceramic or stone.

The advantages of acrylic plasters are that they are more flexible and thus better suited for finishing surfaces subjected to varying temperatures. However, they are less resistant to moisture, which can accumulate in some places and destroy the surface.

The plinth is a part of the foundation, which is located above ground level and prevents moisture and cold from entering the structure, protects the facade from various damage and pollution. Also, the basement is the supporting structure of the building of the entire structure, so it is subjected to strong pressure.

Why is it necessary to finish the basement of the house

To protect the plinth from the negative influence of natural phenomena and various mechanical damage, it is necessary to pay attention to its decoration. Without finishing, it will not fulfill its main protective function. Since the plinth is integral with the facade of the building, it performs not only a protective, but also a decorative function.

Plinth cladding is an excellent decorative material. A building with an open basement looks unkempt and unfinished. Finishing will give the entire facade of the building a finished and attractive look. The whole appearance of the house will depend on how the basement is finished.

Thanks to modern finishing materials and building technologies, it is possible to ensure that the basement of the house will be protected and will not require major repairs for a long time.

Cladding materials

There are a lot of design options for the basement. They differ from each other in texture and in the properties of the materials used. Each material has its own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages.

Plastering and painting

This finish is one of the inexpensive and affordable option for most consumers. The main ingredients of the plaster mixture are cement and sand, thanks to which the plaster acquires strength and chemical inertness. The composition of the plaster may contain various dyes and additives, thanks to which the plaster acquires a decorative color and texture.

Therefore, a wide selection of colors of decorative plaster is on sale for every taste. Various modern technologies for applying plaster make it possible to create various relief and textured surfaces.

The advantages of this type of plinth finish include the affordable cost of the material, since the ingredients are not expensive materials. The reliability and strength of the plaster is the advantage of this material. At the same time, any scratches or chips can be easily reconstructed.

Plaster is also good because it can hide all the irregularities of the basement. In addition, the plastered plinth is well tolerated by increased moisture, overdrying and other environmental influences. All these factors will not affect the structure of the coating. The disadvantages of plastering include an unattractive appearance and the need for additional coverage.

Also, a clear disadvantage of plaster is that it does not have any thermal insulation characteristics and does not insulate the surface in any way. In addition, the plaster is short-lived. Crack patching and painting required.

A natural stone

One of the practical and durable finishing materials. The most commonly used sandstone, small cobblestone, granite or marble. If the laying process was carried out in compliance with the technology, then this finish can last forever.

In addition, it is an environmentally friendly natural material. The unique structure of the stone, the variety of colors and natural shades allows you to choose a finishing material for any color scheme at home. For cladding of this type, specially prepared stone slabs are used, which can have a different shape.

The disadvantages of such material include a rather high cost and a rather difficult installation process.

A plinth of this type will look impressive and expensive.

Fake diamond

It is an alternative replacement for natural, but less durable type of material. It has the same beautiful appearance, strength and reliability. Resistant to negative environmental phenomena and mechanical damage. However, it is much cheaper and facing works are carried out easier. In addition, thanks to fillers and special additives, artificial material can be of any shade.

Porcelain stoneware

This is an environmentally friendly material, which consists of clay, sand and mineral components. The material has wear resistance, high density and strength, and also has a pleasant appearance.

Using it as a plinth cladding will ensure a high level of fire safety of the building, since refractory clay is included in this material. In addition, porcelain stoneware has good thermal insulation properties.

Another important advantage of porcelain stoneware is its high resistance to moisture. The material is not afraid of continuous wetting and perfectly protects the building from the effects of water. This type of finish will not only protect, but also decorate the entire structure.

Clinker tiles

The raw material for clinker tiles is slate clay.

The plinth lined with clinker tiles will look expensive and beautiful. It will look like a brick wall. However, clinker tiles are lighter and thinner than bricks. Finishing the plinth with tiles will not only give an attractive look to the whole house, but will help protect against the effects of nature.

Laying tiles is quite simple. Tiled material is attached to the facade with a special moisture-resistant adhesive mortar, cement glue.

Available in various colors, it can be both smooth and textured. Fairly reasonable price. The disadvantages include a short service life. The winter period is especially negative, defects on the tiles can appear as a result of severe frosts.

Siding

Siding is a fairly inexpensive material, besides a quick and easy option for finishing exterior work. It has durability and high quality. The moisture resistance of the material also belongs to the advantages. Modern technologies make it possible to create facade siding panels of various shapes and colors. The disadvantage of this finish is flammability and deformation in size with temperature changes.

What type of plinth finish to choose?

All finishing materials for lining the basement have their advantages and disadvantages. When choosing a facing material, remember that when interacting with atmospheric precipitation, it must retain its durable and aesthetic qualities.

First of all, the material must be reliable in order to serve a long service life. In addition, frost-resistant - withstand the processes of freezing and thawing and at the same time not be covered with cracks. Water absorption is also an important indicator.

Do not forget that the texture of the basement of the building should be combined with the walls and the entire structure as a whole. The choice depends, first of all, on the design features of the building, on personal preferences and financial capabilities.

Since a large selection of materials is available, this allows you to create exactly the right home decor that meets the personal preferences and intentions of the designer.

Plinth finishing technology

The technology for finishing the base will depend on the chosen finishing material. As a rule, finishing technology takes place in three stages: installation of the frame, laying insulation, fixing the finishing material.

Of course, one of the simplest finishing options is plastering. It is required to apply a layer of durable plaster to the surface of the plinth. You can do this work yourself.

The most difficult. For finishing works made of natural stone, you will have to invite specialists. You need to have certain knowledge and skills. In addition, additional reinforcement of the frame will be required due to the large weight of the material, and the stone processing itself requires special equipment.

Facing with artificial stone is easier, since the material is light in weight and additional reinforcement of the base of the structure is not required. Therefore, the cladding process is greatly simplified, and the time for preparation and execution of work is reduced.

Properly executed basement cladding using good materials will provide the right microclimate inside the house and extend the life of the building.

Main steps

The whole process of lining the basement can be divided into the preparatory stage and the actual laying of the finish:

Preparatory stage. Before installation, the plinth surface must be prepared for further finishing. To do this, the base must be cleaned of accumulated dust and dirt, the cracks and flaws that have appeared must be puttied, and the surface must be leveled.
A waterproofing layer and the installation of a heat-insulating layer are required.
Then you need to prime the surface of the base.
When all the preparatory work is completed, you can proceed to the procedure for finishing the basement with facing materials. In most cases, an additional frame will be required to support the structure and give it strength.

After completion of the finish, it should be coated with water-repellent protective impregnations to extend the service life.
Finishing the basement of the house is desirable to carry out in the warm season, when the weather is dry and sunny.

The basement of the house performs not so much a decorative function as a practical one. In many cases, it serves to reduce heat loss (it is specially insulated), and also prevents the spread of atmospheric and underground moisture to the walls of the house. It also transfers the load from the walls to the foundation - if the foundation is tape or slab. Therefore, the lining of the basement of the house should be not only beautiful, but also functional. In accordance with this task, the finishing material is also selected.

When to start finishing the basement

It is best to finish the base after it is done. In this case, the finishing material will hang over the track. As a result, even the most oblique rain or streams of water flowing down the walls will not be able to get between the wall and the blind area - water enters the path at a distance of several centimeters from the junction. Namely, through this joint, water penetrates to the foundation, bringing dampness and other problems.

You need to start facing the basement of the house after the blind area around the house is made

One more moment. Many people think about whether to insulate the basement or not. If you want to save on heating, the answer is to insulate it, as well as the blind area. The knot of insulation and lining of the basement - one of the options - is shown in the photo below.

When using the basement as a residential floor, there are no issues with insulation, since the answer is unambiguous - of course, to insulate. But even if you do not have a subfloor, heating costs will be much lower, and the floor in the house will become much warmer.

How to veneer the basement of the house

There are a lot of materials for finishing the basement. The main requirements: moisture resistance, frost resistance, strength. These requirements are met by the following materials:

Natural stones sawn into plates (flagstone) or chipped, the so-called "torn stone":
- sandstone (layer);
- granite;
- marble;
- slate;
- dolomite;
- shug.
Small cobblestone.
Large river pebble.
Clinker tiles (clinker brick).
Paving slabs.
Porcelain tile.
Finishing brick.
Facade panels, plinth siding, PVC panels (these are all names of the same material).
Plaster (decorative and "under a fur coat").
Decking.

Some of them cost a lot, some are negligible, but they can all be used. The material is chosen based on financial capabilities and previously used finishing materials - the aesthetic component also plays an important role. The technologies for finishing the socles with different materials will be discussed.

Preparation and warming

First of all, if the existing plinth is uneven, its surface is leveled with plaster. A cement-sand mortar is used for plastering the basement: for 1 part of cement (Portland cement M 400), 4 parts of pure building sand, preferably river sand, are taken. For greater plasticity, you can add a little lime or liquid soap (50-80 g per bucket of solution). The solution should be of medium density: so as not to crawl from the wall. There is another option - to use a special composition. For example, such as in the video.

If the laying of tiles, stone or other similar material then follows, after leveling the mortar on its surface, notches are made with the tip of a trowel (trowel). They are applied in the form of a grid over the entire surface. These shallow grooves will give the necessary support for the finish.

If the base is insulated, notches are not needed. EPS (extruded polystyrene foam) or foam boards are glued directly onto the plastered surface. They are lightweight and adhere well to glue. Their surface is smeared with diluted tile adhesive and pressed against the plaster. Finishing materials are then attached to the surface prepared in this way.

Painting, plastering and "fur coat"

In principle, if the plaster is well leveled, after the mortar has dried, the surface can be painted and stop there. This is an inexpensive but viable option. If you took the facade paint, which is intended for outdoor use, the basement will look good for a couple of years. Then you have to remove the old paint and paint again - to maintain the appearance.

The next way is to apply a layer of decorative plaster on top of ordinary plaster. And again, choose those formulations that are intended for external use. They can be tinted in the desired color or take colored ones. The only negative is that plasters are often porous and it is necessary to clean off splashes of dirt that fall on the walls during bad weather with a brush, and sometimes with detergent.

Until now, in some areas, the method of finishing the base "under a fur coat" is popular. This is when the solution is applied not in an even layer, but in small fragments. Previously, this was done with a broom of twigs. They dipped it into a liquid solution, hit the stick with the handle so that the spray flew onto the wall. This is how they made a “fur coat” - a finish with a torn surface. Today there are special devices for applying plaster, powered by a compressor. With their help, such a finish is easier to do.

Finishing the basement of a house using materials in the form of slabs or tiles is technologically more difficult. So that it does not fall off, you need to know some subtleties.

How to fix porcelain stoneware or clinker tiles

If heavy materials such as porcelain stoneware or clinker bricks are simply put on glue, on a plastered surface with grooves, they will probably hold up normally. And they can even stay for a while. Even a few years. But then they will begin to fall off along with the solution. Especially in those places where there are no grooves or they have insufficient depth. To improve adhesion, you can apply an impregnation layer that improves adhesion (adhesion), but this is not a guarantee, especially if the material is heavy.

The same picture will be if you glue the materials directly on the insulation. Surface is smooth and easy to apply. But after a while, the finish will fall off. Faster than with a plastered surface. About this video.

To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to fix a metal painting grid, preferably galvanized. It is fastened with dowels, putting on a dowel-nail a piece of galvanized steel, the size of which is larger than the size of the cell. Fasten at the top, bottom and in a checkerboard pattern in the middle. It turns out a reliable basis for material of any severity.

Glue is applied to the plinth and to the tile. On the tile, they are removed with a notched trowel, put in place, tapping the trowel handle, put in place, leveling the plane. The distance between the tiles is maintained with the help of crosses, only their thickness is taken to be significant 3-5 mm.

In general, the laying technology is similar to. The only difference is that the glue must be special for outdoor use. The second difference: finishing materials for the base begin to be laid from below: they are heavy and they need support. You lean on the blind area the bottom row, on it - the second, etc.

Finishing the basement of the house with natural stone (shell rock, granite, dolomite, slate)

No matter how attractive artificial shiny surfaces seem, for some reason a rough stone causes great sympathy. But laying a foundation from rubble is difficult and not everyone can do it so well that a house can stand on it. But anyone can finish a finished monolithic or natural stone with their own hands, especially if at least some of the work on building a house is done personally.

It is clear that no one will fix the whole stones: the finish will be too heavy, and very voluminous. Therefore, they came up with a stone to slab or chop. Depending on the technology, either an even “flake stone” is obtained - with almost even surfaces, or a “torn stone” with an uneven front part. Sometimes these materials are cut into identical rectangles, sometimes they are left in the form of uneven plates, but in any case, it is a natural stone and the decoration of the basement of the house from it turns out to be beautiful and waterproof.

There is this material from expensive stones, for example - marble, there is cheaper - slate, dolomite, shugnite, lemezite, granite, etc. They look very impressive. Especially if it is a torn stone, although flagstone sometimes looks no worse.

Surface preparation will be exactly the same: it is best to stuff a paint grid on a plastered plinth, and lay stone plates on it with glue. If they are even - natural stone with processed edges - the laying technology will repeat one to one described above.

If the stone has torn edges, finishing the basement of the house becomes more difficult: it is necessary to select plates of such a shape that the seams are not too large. When using this option of finishing stone, you will need a grinder with a stone disk: most likely you will have to file the plates of the lower and upper rows. Correction will also be required when making corners. See the video for an example of this technology.

There is a second way. The plastered surface of the base is first smeared with a composition to improve adhesion (adhesion), then fragments of the finish are installed on it with glue. They are fixed in a predetermined position with the help of scraps of the same stone or pieces of materials of the desired size. The seams are left unfilled. After the glue has “grabbed”, the seams are filled with a thin solution from a construction syringe, rubbing and leveling as necessary.

In any case, the glue that has got on the finish must be removed in a timely manner. It will be very difficult to do this with a frozen one, and the look of the glue is far from attractive.

Sometimes, for a clearer pattern, the seams between the stone plates are drawn with dark paint. Then the surface is coated with a protective impregnation. It gives the stone a slight sheen, and often increases water repellency.

An example of facing the basement with natural stone using the second technology, see the following video.

Facing with boulder or small cobblestone

Boulder or cobblestone is not necessary to buy. It can be dialed on a river or on a pebble beach on the sea. Run-in stones are chosen flatter - round ones are more difficult to "mount". The order of work and all other subtleties are almost the same as in the case of natural stone trim. The only difference is that these stones must be washed in water with detergent before use. Firstly, the water in our ponds may have oils that need to be removed, and secondly, they may be in clay or algae, which can cause the finish to fall off.

To make everything look organic, you can first lay out a “picture” of cobblestone cladding on the path next to the place where you will veneer the basement. They have different shades and their random combinations are far from always attractive. Having laid out everything side by side, you will have an idea of \u200b\u200bwhat will happen as a result.

Watch the video about the features of finishing the plinth with cobblestone.

How to install plastic (PVC) plinth panels

This type of finish is called differently: basement or facade panels, basement siding. They have a varied appearance: for different types of stone, tile, brick.

To install PVC panels on the plinth, it is necessary to assemble the frame. It is made from a wooden beam 50 * 50 mm. Since the finish will be outdoors, the wood must be protected with impregnations that prevent decay and protect against pests.

The sequence of actions is as follows:

Assembly is easy. Only after fixing, it will be necessary to make ebbs on top: the crate and panels have a fairly decent volume and a gap remains on top. You can close it with roofing iron, as in this video. Immediately look at the technology for finishing the basement with plastic panels.

In the same way, the plinth can be finished with corrugated board. There is only one remark: it is desirable to lay insulation in the voids between the crate. It will be much warmer in the house.

Finishing the base of the pile foundation

As you know, there is no plinth. But if you do not block the space, drafts walk under the house, the floor will always be cold, and all living creatures like to settle under the house. Therefore, the base, although decorative, is necessary. It can be done in two ways.

There is one subtlety if the house is installed on screw piles or. Such foundations are often placed on highly heaving soils. So that when the soil is raised, the finish does not collapse, it is not brought to a certain distance from the ground. To prevent animals from crawling into the gap, a metal mesh is fixed at the bottom.