How to make shoes with your own hands. Shoe lasts in a day - a short master class How to make a shoe last with your own hands

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Alexey Grinev from Krasnoyarsk asks a question:

I decided to start sewing slippers. How and from what can you make lasts for making shoes that could last for quite a long time?

Expert answer:

The optimal material for making shoe blanks is wood, which is hard, resistant to moisture, and easy to sand. Birch, beech, and maple have these properties. It is better to take 12x12 cm pieces of timber as blanks. To select the length, you can use old shoes of a suitable size and measure the required distance using them.

To work you will need the following tools:

wood hacksaw;
mallet;
a set of chisels, including ones with rounded cutters;
hatchet;
The rasp is flat and semicircular.

You will also need a pair of old shoes, preferably sports shoes (sneakers), that fit your feet well.

Step-by-step instructions for cutting out lasts for making shoes with your own hands:

On one side of the beam, the sole of the sneaker is outlined with a pencil, and on its sides the profile of the future shoe is drawn.
Center lines are drawn in the middle of the lower and upper parts. Two through holes are drilled, which will help restore alignment during wood processing with cutters.
Using a hacksaw and a hatchet, remove excess wood from the workpiece. At the same time, care is taken not to cut down too much. First, large sections are cut out, then smaller ones are chipped.
Next, the workpiece is processed with chisels until it is given a shape most similar in size to the leg. During work, it is necessary to constantly check the distance of the sharpened surfaces from the center in order to prevent a flaw on the block.
Final sanding is done using rasps and sandpaper.

If you plan to use a heel, then the heel part of the workpiece must have a corresponding recess.

The last for the second leg is made in the same order. The process may seem unnecessarily labor-intensive, but at the end the user will receive a pair of lasts that can be used for a long time and not only for making slippers. Each blank can be used for sewing shoes of only one size and one style. For other models, other pads will be needed, which can be made according to the same proposed scheme with appropriate adjustments.

Video: Machine for making shoe lasts

I have reviewed many MKs, and none of them completely satisfied me. Too long, too dirty, too smelly, too expensive. As a result, the MK for making lasts from papier-mâché and plaster was taken as a basis. I only replaced papier-mâché with non-woven napkins and PVA glue to speed up the process.

Materials - gypsum, water, cling film, non-woven napkins, PVA glue, plasticine, cardboard, acrylic varnish, sunflower oil, putty, containers for mixing plaster, scissors, stationery knife, sushi sticks.

1. Wrap the doll’s legs tightly with cling film. It is thin, stretches and fits well, and sticks to itself.

2. Cut out footprints from cardboard, apply them to the feet and coat the foot with plasticine, forming future pads.

3. Cut non-woven napkins into strips 3 cm wide, bandage the legs and coat them well with glue. I got 3 layers (there is no photo of this stage). Leave to dry for about 6 hours (I left it overnight). No batteries, just air dry!

4. Carefully cut the dried form with a knife and remove it from the legs. Glue the cut and coat the inside of the mold with varnish in 2 layers

At this stage, I decided to play it safe and do the usual plaster mold for filling. I used a plastic ice cream bucket - I made a cutout for the legs in the side wall and secured everything tightly with film and tape.

5. Thoroughly coat the inside of the molds and the plasticine with a bucket of sunflower oil so that the plaster can be separated more easily.

6. Apply the plaster - pour water (approximately 150-200 ml) and begin to pour in the plaster, stirring quickly. The consistency should be store-bought sour cream. Do not delay - you have about 5 minutes to do everything, then the plaster will begin to set.

7. Fill the plaster into the molds and into the bucket until it is half full. Do not place the doll like mine :) The legs must be positioned so that they lie sideways, otherwise you may end up with “locks” - places from which you cannot get the workpiece. Immediately insert the shortened sushi sticks into the molds with the blunt ends facing down.

8. After about an hour, add a new portion of plaster and fill the second half of the bucket. Don't forget to oil everything again!

9. Leave again for 6 hours so that the plaster dries thoroughly. Feel it - if the plaster is warm, processes are still going on in it. Dried plaster is cold.

10. We disassemble the blanks - remove the soaked napkins from the blocks, remove the halves of the mold from the bucket (tear off the walls of the bucket and divide the mold into halves). Let dry if they are damp to the touch.

11. The finished pads turned out to have shells from air bubbles. I puttyed the uneven areas in 2 passes, drying for about 1 hour, then sanded it and coated it with 2 layers of varnish (I had parquet acrylic-polyurethane). First I need to prime it - I just have varnish without primer, then it peeled off like a stocking :)

In total, in about a day we get excellent pads. Good luck!

P.S. I coated the blank mold for casting with varnish and put it aside in reserve. Then they will need to be coated with oil, connected, bound and plaster poured inside. Next, repeat pp. 9, 10, 11.

What do we do when we need shoes? Many, twisting it at their temple, will consider this a stupid question. After all, there are so many shops, tents and shoe outlets, and they are found in almost every town.

How about self-made shoes, boots, slippers? There are unlikely to be many heroes left here who can go through the entire the hard way on making shoes with your own hands. Even despite the existence of photo and video master classes, this issue requires a special scrupulous attitude. Although sewing such a thing does not always require a wealth of experience, just simple perseverance and great desire are enough.

Let's see what kind of shoes you can make at home.

Knitted slippers

The simplest and comfortable view cozy and comfortable slippers. To do this, you only need a couple of sheets of thick cardboard, fabric, threads and the ability to tie loops. Moreover, it is not necessary to use knitting needles; you can also use an ordinary crochet hook.

It is better, of course, to use photo patterns that are convenient to knit, but on the other hand, you can do this using the most ordinary techniques, simply by first making the sole, and then start knitting using it.

In order to make a sole, you should trace your foot on one piece of cardboard (that is, you will need 4 sheets of cardboard for both feet).

After this, cut out the shapes and glue them together.

Then cover it with fabric (it is better to use natural fabric to make it comfortable for your feet) and sew it. Thus, the sole is ready. Then start knitting.

Those who have never encountered knitting should be advised to watch a thematic video or photo. And first, try yourself in easier things, just knit a few loops. And then start on the slippers.

More complex options

Of course, we'll talk about shoes. In this case you will need additional tools, materials, as well as the correct patterns. If soft home slippers, in the case of small flaws when knitting, will still take the shape of the foot, then, in the case of improper sewing of hard shoes, the result is unlikely to please. And it will be impossible to wear such things.

Let's try to briefly tell you what sewing shoes with your own hands consists of, but it is still recommended to get down to business by looking at the relevant materials.

The most important part of shoe making is the last. This is the basis of any shoes, the production of which special requirements. To make shoes correctly, it is not enough just to make a pattern; you need to connect all the elements efficiently and correctly and work with the lasts.

You can make the pads yourself or buy them ready-made for a specific size. It is this “shoe dummy” that will allow the initial stages and parts of the shoes to be made with high quality.

To create a shape, you can cut it out of wood, but the process is quite difficult, especially for beginners. You can use old shoes, having previously made them hard, but this option will also not give good quality. Therefore, it is better to contact a specialized store and buy this part, or even better, in addition convenient stand to her.

Once the pads are ready, you can start making patterns. To do this you need to make a pattern.

Cover the last with paper or tape and draw the shape of the future shoe on it. Then transfer the drawing to the manufacturing material. By the way, about the material. Initially, it is best to use leather; its stiffness will allow you to better shape the shoes. Moreover, to make the sole it is better to use a special type of leather called “saddle cloth” and made from the toughest part of the cow hide.

By transferring the pattern to the upper material, that is, more soft skin, you can make a pattern, that is, cut it out. Next inner part the sole is adjusted to size, it is made according to the last or by outlining your own foot, if necessary, it is trimmed. Then the upper is pulled over the last and sole. It is first secured with small nails, then with staples, and only then glued using a special decorative edging and polyurethane glue.

The nails then need to be pulled out and the shoes removed from the block, but this is done after the main sole has been attached. It is also worth noting that for the bottom you can use other material, for example, rubber, polymer blanks or the same polyurethane. It all depends on the seasonality of the shoes and the demands placed on them.

The main sole is first attached, and only then trimmed with a special shoe knife and adjusted directly to the shoes.

The heel is the final stage. Of course, it will be quite difficult for beginners to make a stiletto heel, but a wide and low “male version” is quite possible. It is also first trimmed according to inside, and then it is adjusted along the sole and heel.

Master class on the production of wooden shoe lasts from master Kurokyo (Japan)

For the production of blocks, such types of wood are used that allow the block to be both strong, easily accept nails, and also not significantly change its size when moisture gets on them. All of the above requirements are satisfied by such types of wood as beech, hornbeam, birch, linden and maple.

Master Kurokyo does not say what type of wood he used, but perhaps it is one of the above varieties.

Kurokyosan does not comment on his video tutorial, but we will try to understand step by step the sequence of hand-made shoe lasts.

1. Primarily for making a pair of wooden shoe
pads will require two pieces of wood, preferably square section approximately 15x15 in size cm. Again, you need to understand what type of last you should get - if it’s a shoe last, then the neck should be about 3 higher cm compared to a shoe last. Those. for a shoe last, the initial cross-section of the timber could be smaller, for example 12x12 cm.

2. On the side edges
Initial rough sketches of the side profile and sole profile must be applied to the workpiece. This requires initial surface preparation using a wood plane.

For application
For perpendicular characteristic lines, it is good to use a metal square, and you can draw with a thin marker or a helium pen (like master Kurokyo) in dark colors.

3. And here are the side profiles
and the soles are applied. What will happen next? And then Kurokyo-san takes the same saw that he used to saw the original beam and cuts down big piece wood, in the toe area. In this case, it would be a good idea to clamp the block in a large carpenter's or metalworker's vice to ensure safe work.

4. What tools does a master block maker use?
These are mainly tools
for wood carving - hatchet, chisels, planes, rasps. Please note that master Kurokyo will do most of the work with round cutters, because... in some places the block is not only convex, but also concave, as if inward. This is where round incisors come to the rescue, because... a flat cutter would simply cut off a lot of the material needed.

And so, the work with the cutters began.
First you can
cut with the largest flat chisel. Working with a chisel in most cases is accompanied by light blows with a hammer on the end of the chisel.

This is what the blank looks like with the selected nose part.

5. Turn the block over and, according to the side profile
we form the heel
the lift that is necessary to install the heel at a pre-calculated height. It is more convenient to work in this place with a flat chisel. At the end of this stage, the corner transition can be rounded to grinding machine, which is what Master Kurokyo shows us. After sanding, it is necessary to reapply the sole profile, because... the previous profile was hewn together with the wood.

6. Next you need to remove a lot of unnecessary things
material on the sides, especially closer to the heel
pads, so Kurokio-san decided to use a small Japanese tamahawk for this.

7. Similarly, the master block maker cuts the tree from the sides
toe part of the last blank.

After this stage, the shoe takes on a shape reminiscent of a felt boot.

8. It's time to work exactly in the area where the block has
concavity. There's no way you can work in these places. flat chisels, because it is necessary to make a cut only in a narrow
areas along the cutter path. You have to use a large round cutter. The master uses it to treat areas in the area of the instep of the shoe and in the heel area around the ankles.

This is how fancy the block looks after a round chisel has been passed over it.

9. Very important when manual
When processing shoe lasts, do not lose the line of symmetry. To do this, whenever there is an opportunity to cut or grind the line of the middle of the block, you can install centering pins in advance, which will later allow you to restore the lost lines.

10.
Again we turn to the grinding machine to smooth out the unnecessary corrugation.

11.
As the outline of the block approaches the specified dimensions, you need to move on to more precise tools. In this case, these are rasps with different patterns working part. Again, it is clear that you will need not only flat rasps, but also rasps with a semicircular profile.

Here you can see how Kurokyo-san processes the heel part of the sole with a rasp.

12.
It's time to take care of the convexity of the sole. Look at the tool Kurokio uses for this - an ordinary sharpened shoe knife. The Japanese character means
top point bulge.

13.
But the master makes the convexity in the toe area with a small rounded plane. There are no hard and fast rules about what to do
tool for one or another processing. Each master has the right to choose the tool that is most convenient for him.

14. So, the soles remain to the specified profile
a few millimeters. Now you need to be extremely careful and attentive. Let's see if Master Kurokyo can handle this important stage.

Yes, he again resorted to cunning - he turned to grinding machine, because It provides, although not as fast material removal as a chisel, but more controlled. The master clearly understands at what moment which tool should be used. After processing on a grinding machine, the block already begins to resemble a block.

15.
And now some operations are repeated, but with smaller cutters, which means the master
more accurately and slowly approaches the desired dimensions. One can envy the patience of master Kurokyo-san when he has to do similar operations again and again but with a more “precise” instrument.

After processing on the grinding machine, the block is ready. But what is it? On the sole there was one extra millimeter across the entire toe! An experienced hand The craftsman removes it with a round plane. Several smooth hand movements with fine sandpaper,
to eliminate microscopic irregularities. And this was the final, final, winning touch!

Hooray!!! The $1000 pad is ready! Here you have it, Mr. Customer! Nowhere else and no one will make such pads that fit your foot so perfectly! Want to order more? Wife and children? Please sign up for the list - your number is 374. Come back in 4 months.

This is how Kurokyo-san, a professional block maker from Japan, lives and works.

Let's wish him success, good luck, love, health and let him at least sometimes have a weekend, otherwise this Japanese hard work can eat up the most interesting life experiences.

Let's watch two videos that the master posted for guests of his YouTube channel.