English in tables and diagrams. English tenses and grammar. Who wants to quickly remember or clarify knowledge

2015-12-17

Hello my beloved readers.

Today we have very important topic. Unlike foreigners, who will never be able to understand the meaning of the phrase “no, probably”, for us (even the most novice dummies!) to understand them 12 - I ask you to note, - sometimes it’s worth nothing. Really?

And if you have ever had problems with them, then today we will solve them with you. Topic of the day: tenses in English. We will understand when, where, what is used, as well as time indicators.

Please note that for each time I have attached color scheme with formulas and examples for clarity, after which you can follow the link to fix the time using exercises and online tests . Also, all the names of times (highlighted in red) are clickable - to go to separate page with more detailed rule, explanations and examples. Let's start in order.

Times are real

I was cooking when the phone rank.

The second most popular time for many schoolchildren (the first, of course, Present Simple), - This . And the reason for this is simple: it is used if an event occurred BEFORE another event in the past (See for more details about this time).

See:

When she called I had already packed my suitcase.
I was ready to go when he called and told me that he had forgotten the keys.

No less amazing time denotes an event that began at some specific point in the past, and ended before some point in the past - or is still continuing in the past.

I had been doing this report for 3 hours when I found it in the Internet.

Future times

Commands what will happen in the future. Here are the cases in which it can be used:

Simple future event;
I will call you tomorrow.
Regular actions;
I will come here every year.
Description of the sequence;
I will come home, my mother will give us some food and we will hit the road.

Describes events at a specific future moment.

At 5 p.m. we will be conducting a meeting session. I expect you to be there.

C, everything is similar to its counterparts in other tenses: an action is described that starts in the future and ends then.

I will have spent a lot of time for preparation before taking part in this competition.

Many English language learners believe that they need to immediately master all tenses in order to put a long-awaited check mark on a long list of planned English tasks. But I will tell you as an experienced teacher - first you need to master 3-5 running times. When you know them by heart and know how to use them, then you can move on. Otherwise, you will get stuck at this stage and quit English without tasting all its charm!

By the way, I recommend that many of my friends (who want to remember or just learn the basics of English grammar) take online course from LinguaLeo « Grammar for Beginners» . You definitely won't be bored there. In addition, the information is as practical as possible. In addition to the 5 tenses that are proposed to be mastered in this course, everyone will find others there. basic grammar concepts, which will simply be impossible to forget after a bunch of interesting practical tasks.

How easy is it to remember all these times? A table with examples will help you with this. Everything you need in one place. Convenient, isn't it?

I hope, my dears, that now you will have much fewer questions about verb tenses. But if you still have unresolved questions, do not hesitate to write them under the article. I will be happy to answer them.

Do you want to be the first to receive a selection where we will collect best exercises on this topic - then subscribe to delicious my blog newsletter.

And for today I say goodbye.
Until we meet again, my dears.

Each language is not just a collection of random words, but a whole woven fabric with its own special design and the method of connecting individual elements. And if you have started learning a language, then you will also need the basics of native grammar, i.e. Knowledge of parts of speech, parts of sentences, etc.

Also, in addition to accumulating vocabulary, you need to be able to correctly combine these words into meaningful speech so that foreigners can understand you. Grammar English language will make this task easier and will give the necessary instructions for gluing individual words into sentences.

Since English almost completely lacks endings, a fixed word order in a sentence helps to coordinate some parts of a sentence with others, unlike the Russian language. For example, Barcelona beat Bayern yesterday. If we take these four words in indeclinable and inconjugated form Barcelona Bayern beat yesterday, then it is impossible to definitely answer the question of whose team won. In the initial version the ending -yu helps to understand that the action was aimed at Bavaria, and Barcelona committed it in the past tense. At the same time, we can swap Bayern and Barcelona, but the meaning will remain the same: Bayern was beaten by Barcelona yesterday./ Yesterday Bayern was beaten by Barcelona./ Barcelona beat Bayern yesterday, etc.

English grammar has a clear rule: the one who performs the action is in first place, the action itself is in second, the one to whom this action is directed is in third and all the circumstances of the action are in fourth place. Therefore, in the sentence - Barcelona beat Bayern yesterday- there is no doubt about who defeated whom, but when rearranging the words in English version the meaning will change or disappear altogether. For example: Bayern beat Barcelona yesterday. (Here Bayern already won). Beat Bayern yesterday Barcelona. (With this order, you will sound like a random word generator to a foreigner.) It would be a mistake to translate the Russian word order into English in the same sequence. They may not understand you, or the meaning of what was said will be perceived radically differently.

English grammar in tables

Makes it easier to understand and remember most rules English grammar in tables. They should be as structural and uncluttered as possible. It is useful to compress any rule yourself into a table format, or you can always find them on the Internet or on our website - The structure of a simple declarative sentence can be displayed in a simple table:

Verbs of the English language are the most powerful tool; it is capable of expressing even emotional connotations in some tenses, unlike Russian, where this task is performed by intonation. For example:

I found my jeans. I found my jeans. (Neutral action statement of facts)
I have found my jeans. I found my jeans. (I'm glad I found them)

English Grammar for Beginners

So, no one has canceled grammar, but you should not make it the main goal of learning if this is not your profession. You must understand that the main thing is to convey your thoughts to your interlocutor, even with mistakes, gradually getting rid of the language barrier. Otherwise, grammatically correct, you can only remain silent, but from the point of view of communication, no one will know what you were silent about except you. Therefore, do not go too far into the jungle, often even English grammar for beginners allows you to firmly develop basic skills.

Word order, verbs, tenses in English are not the whole of grammar. Within the scope of this article it is impossible to cover all the topics necessary for confident use of the language. Let's take an isolated look at the basic grammatical aspects of the must learn series.

The publication provides in a condensed, concentrated form the main theoretical material, covering school course English language. The use of visual and graphic elements will allow you to better understand and assimilate the information and effectively prepare for the exam. The manual will provide significant assistance in preparing for a single state exam in English.

Parts of speech in English.
Morphology studies the grammatical properties of words. Words refer to various parts speech depending on the following characteristics:
1) semantic (generalized meaning of an object, action or state, feature, etc.);
2) grammatical (morphological categories of words);
3) syntactic (role in a sentence);
1) word-formation (presence of characteristic prefixes or suffixes).

Based on these characteristics, all parts of speech are divided into:
1) significant (independent) parts of speech: noun (Noun), adjective (Adjective), verb (Verb), adverb (Adverb), numeral (Numeral), pronoun (Pronoun);
2) auxiliary parts of speech: preposition (Proposition), conjunction (Conjunction);
3) function words: auxiliary verbs(Auxiliary Verbs), articles (Articles);
4) interjection (Interjection).

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The manual is intended for the widest range of readers.

Pronoun.
The pronoun I (“I”) is always capitalized.

The pronoun you (“you, you, you”) is translated into Russian as “you” (“You”) or “you”, depending on the context. It is also used to refer to strangers. The whole phrase does not have a connotation of familiarity or disdain; There is no special polite form of address in English.

The pronoun it refers to objects, animals. All inanimate objects, concepts, as well as some living beings are replaced by the pronoun it. It corresponds in Russian to the pronouns of all three kinds and is translated depending on the gender of the noun it replaces.

Personal pronouns have subjective and object forms. The objective form is understood as a form of pronouns that corresponds in Russian to pronouns in indirect cases without prepositions and with prepositions. In objective form, personal pronouns act as direct and indirect objects.

CONTENT
From the author
About transcription
Phonetics
Article
Noun
Adjective
Numeral
Pronoun
Adverb
Verb
Irregular verbs
Modal verbs
Conditional mood
Verbs with postpositions and idioms
Word order in a sentence
List of Swadesh
About paronyms
Mood
Infinitive
Communion
Gerund
Pretext
Union
Particles
Modal words
Introductory words
Interjection
Differences between British and American English
The most common spelling differences between British and American
variants of English
Political correctness.

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